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Benedet M, Rizzi GA, Gasparotto A, Zeng L, Pagot G, Olsson E, Di Noto V, Maccato C, Barreca D. Efficient photoactivated hydrogen evolution promoted by Cu xO-gCN-TiO 2-Au ( x = 1,2) nanoarchitectures. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7221-7228. [PMID: 38419682 PMCID: PMC10901216 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00773e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we propose an original and potentially scalable synthetic route for the fabrication of CuxO-gCN-TiO2-Au (x = 1,2) nanoarchitectures, based on Cu foam anodization, graphitic carbon nitride liquid-phase deposition, and TiO2/Au sputtering. A thorough chemico-physical characterization by complementary analytical tools revealed the formation of nanoarchitectures featuring an intimate contact between the system components and a high dispersion of gold nanoparticles. Modulation of single component interplay yielded excellent functional performances in photoactivated hydrogen evolution, corresponding to a photocurrent of ≈-5.7 mA cm-2 at 0.0 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). These features, along with the very good service life, represent a cornerstone for the conversion of natural resources, as water and largely available sunlight, into added-value solar fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Benedet
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, INSTM 35131 Padova Italy
- CNR-ICMATE, INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Gian Andrea Rizzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, INSTM 35131 Padova Italy
- CNR-ICMATE, INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Alberto Gasparotto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, INSTM 35131 Padova Italy
- CNR-ICMATE, INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Lunjie Zeng
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Gioele Pagot
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, Padova University, INSTM 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Eva Olsson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, Padova University, INSTM 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Chiara Maccato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, INSTM 35131 Padova Italy
- CNR-ICMATE, INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- CNR-ICMATE, INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University 35131 Padova Italy
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2
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Zhao Y, Niu Z, Zhao J, Xue L, Fu X, Long J. Recent Advancements in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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3
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Sun X, Wang M, Li H, Meng L, Lv X, Li L, Li M. Pristine GaFeO 3 Photoanodes with Surface Charge Transfer Efficiency of Almost Unity at 1.23 V for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205907. [PMID: 36658721 PMCID: PMC10015867 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxide-based photoelectrodes commonly generate deep trap states associated with various intrinsic defects such as vacancies, antisites, and dislocations, limiting their photoelectrochemical properties. Herein, it is reported that rhombohedral GaFeO3 (GFO) thin-film photoanodes exhibit defect-inactive features, which manifest themselves by negligible trap-states-associated charge recombination losses during photoelectrochemical water splitting. Unlike conventional defect-tolerant semiconductors, the origin of the defect-inactivity in GFO is the strongly preferred antisite formation, suppressing the generation of other defects that act as deep traps. In addition, defect-inactive GFO films possess really appropriate oxygen vacancy concentration for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). As a result, the as-prepared GFO films achieve the surface charge transfer efficiency (ηsurface ) of 95.1% for photoelectrochemical water splitting at 1.23 V versus RHE without any further modification, which is the highest ηsurface reported of any pristine inorganic photoanodes. The onset potential toward the OER remarkably coincides with the flat band potential of 0.43 V versus RHE. This work not only demonstrates a new benchmark for the surface charge transfer yields of pristine metal oxides for solar water splitting but also enriches the arguments for defect tolerance and highlights the importance of rational tuning of oxygen vacancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of New EnergyNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of New EnergyNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Hai‐Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of New EnergyNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Linxing Meng
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215006China
| | - Xiao‐Jun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of New EnergyNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215006China
| | - Meicheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of New EnergyNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China
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4
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Cheng C, Fang Q, Fernandez-Alberti S, Long R. Depleted Oxygen Defect State Enhancing Tungsten Trioxide Photocatalysis: A Quantum Dynamics Perspective. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5571-5580. [PMID: 35696649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen vacancies generally create midgap states in transition metal oxides, which are expected to decrease the photoelectrochemical water-splitting efficiency. Recent experiments defy this expectation but leave the mechanism unclear. Focusing on the photoanode WO3 as a prototypical system, we demonstrate using nonadiabatic molecular dynamics that an oxygen vacancy suppresses nonradiative electron-hole recombination, because the defect acts as an electron reservoir instead of a recombination center. The occupied midgap electrons prefer to be populated a priori compared to the band edge transition because of a larger transition dipole moment, converting to depleted/unoccupied trap states that rapidly accept conduction band electrons and then cause trap-assisted recombination by impeding the bandgap recombination regardless of oxygen vacancy configurations. The reported results provide a fundamental understanding of the "realistic" role of the oxygen vacancies and their influence on charge-phonon dynamics and carrier lifetime. The study generates valuable insights into the design of high-performance transition metal oxide photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qiu Fang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - S Fernandez-Alberti
- Departamento de Cienciay Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
| | - Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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5
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Zhao H, Ning X, Wang Z, Du P, Zhang R, He Y, Lu X. Interfacial repairing of semiconductor-electrocatalyst interfaces for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 615:318-326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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6
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Jiang F, Liu S, Dong H, Shang Q, Zhang X, Li Y, Wang S, Li Y. Ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical immunosensor based on Dual-Photosensitive electrodes. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 147:108169. [PMID: 35687983 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the study, a photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor based on dual-photosensitive electrodes was developed for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) detection. The sensing photocathode with biometric functions was prepared by CuInS2 and narrow band gap semiconductor In2S3 as the counter electrode. In this way, the separation of photoanode and biometric events was realized, and the ability of stability of the immunosensor could be effectively improved. Moreover, the attraction to the photogenerated electrons (e-) from photoanode would be increased by the abundant holes (h+) of photocathode, under the radiation of light. This tremendously improves the photoelectric response, which further improves the sensitivity of the immunosensor. The controllable-synthesis uncomplicated photoelectric material not only accords with the principle of simplicity of electrode modification but also makes the immunosensor more conducive to the practical application. Additionally, even in the case of zero bias voltage, the constructed PEC immunosensor can operate with high efficiency, namely, self-powered. The immunosensor could provide the quantitative readout photocurrent to a concentration of cTnI in the range of 0.10 pg/mL to 1.00 μg/mL and the detection limit was 0.0113 pg/mL under the optimal experimental conditions. With favorable performance in terms of anti-interference, stability, specificity and reproducibility, this immunosensor will provide new prospects for general PEC bioanalysis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, PR China
| | - Shanghua Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, PR China
| | - Qing Shang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, PR China
| | - Yueyuan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, PR China
| | - Shujun Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, PR China
| | - Yueyun Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049, PR China.
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7
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Xu Y, Li Z, Hu X, Wu X, Chen W, Zhou S, Li J, Qi C, Ma DK. Fluorine-doped CuBi2O4 nanorod arrays for enhanced photoelectrochemical oxygen reduction reaction toward H2O2 production. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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8
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Jian J, Wang S, Ye Q, Li F, Su G, Liu W, Qu C, Liu F, Li C, Jia L, Novikov AA, Vinokurov VA, Harvey DHS, Shchukin D, Friedrich D, van de Krol R, Wang H. Activating a Semiconductor-Liquid Junction via Laser-Derived Dual Interfacial Layers for Boosted Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201140. [PMID: 35244311 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The semiconductor-liquid junction (SCLJ), the dominant place in photoelectrochemical (PEC) catalysis, determines the interfacial activity and stability of photoelectrodes, whcih directly affects the viability of PEC hydrogen generation. Though efforts dedicated in past decades, a challenge remains regarding creating a synchronously active and stable SCLJ, owing to the technical hurdles of simultaneously overlaying the two advantages. The present work demonstrates that creating an SCLJ with a unique configuration of the dual interfacial layers can yield BiVO4 photoanodes with synchronously boosted photoelectrochemical activity and operational stability, with values located at the top in the records of such photoelectrodes. The bespoke dual interfacial layers, accessed via grafting laser-generated carbon dots with phenolic hydroxyl groups (LGCDs-PHGs), are experimentally verified effective, not only in generating the uniform layer of LGCDs with covalent anchoring for inhibited photocorrosion, but also in activating, respectively, the charge separation and transfer in each layer for boosted charge-carrier kinetics, resulting in FeNiOOH-LGCDs-PHGs-MBVO photoanodes with a dual configuration with the photocurrent density of 6.08 mA cm-2 @ 1.23 VRHE , and operational stability up to 120 h @ 1.23 VRHE . Further work exploring LGCDs-PHGs from catecholic molecules warrants the proposed strategy as being a universal alternative for addressing the interfacial charge-carrier kinetics and operational stability of semiconductor photoelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, P. R. China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, P. R. China
| | - Qian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, P. R. China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, P. R. China
| | - Guirong Su
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Changzhen Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, P. R. China
| | - Can Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Lichao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Andrei A Novikov
- Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Gubkin University, 65/1 Leninsky prospect, Moscow, 19991, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Vinokurov
- Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Gubkin University, 65/1 Leninsky prospect, Moscow, 19991, Russia
| | - Daniel H S Harvey
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK
| | - Dmitry Shchukin
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK
| | - Dennis Friedrich
- Institute for Solar Fuels, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roel van de Krol
- Institute for Solar Fuels, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Analytical and Testing Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, P. R. China
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Jang YJ, Lee C, Moon YH, Choe S. Solar-Driven Syngas Production Using Al-Doped ZnTe Nanorod Photocathodes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:3102. [PMID: 35591437 PMCID: PMC9103245 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Syngas, traditionally produced from fossil fuels and natural gases at high temperatures and pressures, is an essential precursor for chemicals utilized in industry. Solar-driven syngas production can provide an ideal pathway for reducing energy consumption through simultaneous photoelectrochemical CO2 and water reduction at ambient temperatures and pressures. This study performs photoelectrochemical syngas production using highly developed Al-doped ZnTe nanorod photocathodes (Al:ZnTe), prepared via an all-solution process. The facile photo-generated electrons are transferred by substitutional Al doping on Zn sites in one-dimensional arrays to increase the photocurrent density to -1.1 mA/cm2 at -0.11 VRHE, which is 3.5 times higher than that for the pristine ZnTe. The Al:ZnTe produces a minor CO (FE ≈ 12%) product by CO2 reduction and a major product of H2 (FE ≈ 60%) by water reduction at -0.11 VRHE. Furthermore, the product distribution is perfectly switched by simple modification of Au deposition on photocathodes. The Au coupled Al:ZnTe exhibits dominant CO production (FE ≈ 60%), suppressing H2 evolution (FE ≈ 15%). The strategies developed in this study, nanostructuring, doping, and surface modification of photoelectrodes, can be applied to drive significant developments in solar-driven fuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jeong Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (C.L.); (Y.H.M.); (S.C.)
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10
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Zhang Z, Zhu B, Guan X. Operational Spectroelectrochemical Investigation on the Interfacial Charge Dynamics of Copper Bismuth Oxide Based Photocathode. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2356-2364. [PMID: 35254066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Copper bismuth oxide (CBO) is an emerging photocathode in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting but exhibits limited performance due to the severe recombination of photogenerated charges at the semiconductor-liquid junction (SCLJ). For the first time, a set of operational spectroelectrochemical experiments including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), transient photocurrent spectroscopy (TPS), and intensity-modulated photocurrent/voltage spectroscopy (IMVS, IMPS) are designed to investigate the charge dynamics at the SCLJ. It is indicated that there are dense surface states above the valence band of CBO, inducing the "Fermi level pinning" (FLP) effect at the SCLJ. The kinetic parameters speculated by IMVS and IMPS indicate the charge transfer efficiency of below 10% with even a bias of ∼0.7 V applied. TPS confirms the sluggish dynamics because of the charging behavior of the surface states. It is expected that this work would provide new connotations of charge dynamics at the SCLJ for the further optimization of CBO-based PEC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhang
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
- Suzhou Academy of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
- Suzhou Academy of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjiu Guan
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
- Suzhou Academy of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
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11
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Cao Y, Qiao H, Zou Y, An N, Zhou Y, Liu D, Kuang Y. Room Temperature Electrodeposition of Ready-to-Use TiOx for Uniform p-n Heterojunction Over Nanoarchitecture. Front Chem 2022; 10:832342. [PMID: 35273948 PMCID: PMC8902498 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.832342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The photocathodes are essential in photoelectrochemical systems for harvesting solar energy as green fuels. However, the light-absorbing p-type semiconductor in them usually suffers from carrier recombination issues. An effective strategy to address it is fabricating the p-n heterojunction to create an interfacial electric field. However, plenty of deposition process of the n-type layer for this purpose requires either sophisticated instruments or subsequent treatments, which may damage the vulnerable p-type structure. Herein, we report a mild approach for a ready-to-use n-type layer with full functionality. Structural analyses proved the successful coating of a uniform titania layer (up to 40 nm) over Cu2O without damaging its structure. Owing to the high Ti3+ content, the layer possesses excellent charge transport ability and requires no additional annealing. The heterojunction effectively facilitates the carrier separation and positively shifts the photocurrent onset potential for 0.2 V. The Mott–Schottky plot and the impedance study reveal an enhanced carrier collection with reduced charge transfer resistances. Such a nano-heterojunction can be further loaded with the hydrogen evolution catalyst, which almost doubles the photocurrent with an extended lifetime than that of the pristine Cu2O nanoarray. This approach puts forward a potentially scalable and efficient choice for fabricating photoelectrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Cao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Huajian Qiao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yalong Zou
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Na An
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Deyu Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Deyu Liu, ; Yongbo Kuang,
| | - Yongbo Kuang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Deyu Liu, ; Yongbo Kuang,
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12
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Zhang X, Chen H, Zhang W, Zhang L, Liu X, Ma J, Xu S, Li H. Fabrication of 3D hierarchical Fe 2O 3/SnO 2photoanode for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:155705. [PMID: 34983031 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac47cd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exploring and fabricating a suitable photoanode with high catalytic activity is critical for enhancing photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Herein, a novel 3D hierarchical Fe2O3/SnO2photoanode was fabricated by a hydrothermal route, combining with an annealing process. The morphology, crystal structure were studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photon spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction, respectively. The results reveal the successful preparation of Fe2O3nanothorns on the surface of SnO2nanosheets. The as-fabricated 3D Fe2O3/SnO2photoanode yields obviously promoted PEC performance with a photocurrent density of approximate 5.85 mA cm-2, measured in a mixture of Na2S (0.25 M) and Na2SO3(0.35 M) aqueous solution at 1.23 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE). This value of photocurrent is about 53 times higher than that of the bare SnO2photoanode. The obvious improved PEC properties can be attributed to the 3D Fe2O3/SnO2heterostructures that offer outstanding light harvesting ability as well as improved charge transport and separation. These results suggest that exploring a suitable 3D hierarchical photoanode is an effective approach to boost PEC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwen Ma
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People's Republic of China
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13
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Seo D, Won S, Kim JT, Chung TD. Adopting Back Reduction Current as an Additional Output Signal for Achieving Photoelectrochemical Differentiated Detection. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2063-2071. [PMID: 35029970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors are usually based on a single output signal, that is, the photocurrent change caused by the (photoelectro)chemical reaction between target analytes and photoelectrodes. However, the photocurrent may be influenced by redox species other than the target analyte; therefore, modifying the surface of photoelectrodes with probes that selectively bind to the analyte is essential. Moreover, even though various surface modification methods have been developed, distinguishing molecularly similar chemicals using PEC sensing systems remains a significant challenge. To address these selectivity issues, we proposed a photoanode-based PEC sensor that utilizes a cathodic transient current as a second output signal in addition to the photocurrent, which arises from the back reduction of photo-oxidized species. Factors influencing the back reduction were investigated by observing the transient photocurrent of hematite photoanodes in the presence of model redox probes. The chemical environment around the electrode-electrolyte interface was manipulated by altering the electrolyte composition or modifying the electrode surface. The favorable interaction between the electrode surface and redox species led to an increase in the extent of back reduction and the cathodic transient current. In addition, the extent of back reduction also depends on the chemical identity of the redox species, such as the kinetics of subsequent chemical reactions. Therefore, the synergistic combination of the photocurrent and the cathodic transient current enabled the differentiated detection of various catecholamine neurotransmitters with a single pristine photoelectrode, which has never been achieved using traditional PEC methods. Revisiting the transient photocurrent can complement conventional PEC applications and offers possibilities for more effective semiconductor-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daye Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Won
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Tae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Taek Dong Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Korea
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14
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Mary AS, Murugan C, Pandikumar A. Uplifting the charge carrier separation and migration in Co-doped CuBi 2O 4/TiO 2 p-n heterojunction photocathode for enhanced photoelectrocatalytic water splitting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:2482-2492. [PMID: 34785057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Here, cobalt-doped copper bismuth oxide (Co-CuBi2O4) was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method for photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) hydrogen production. The results disclosed that the 5% Co-doped CuBi2O4 has better PEC activity which is ∼3 fold higher than pristine CuBi2O4. The doping of cobalt in CuBi2O4 improves the interfacial charge transfer at an electrode/electrolyte interface and reduces the recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. This higher performed 5% Co-doped CuBi2O4 photocathode further modified with TiO2-P25 to form a Co-CuBi2O4/TiO2 p-n heterojunction. This Co-CuBi2O4/TiO2 photocathode displayed a photocurrent density of 330 μA cm-2 at +0.5 V vs. RHE which was ∼2 fold higher than Co-CuBi2O4. Because this p-n junction affords inner electric field in the space charge region that helps for further minimization of electron-hole recombination, which facilitate efficient charge separation and transport thereby enhance the PEC water reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Soundarya Mary
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Electro Organic and Materials Electrochemistry Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Murugan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Electro Organic and Materials Electrochemistry Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Pandikumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Electro Organic and Materials Electrochemistry Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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15
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Wang W, Radmilovic A, Choi KS, Galli G. Integrating Computation and Experiment to Investigate Photoelectrodes for Solar Water Splitting at the Microscopic Scale. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3863-3872. [PMID: 34619961 PMCID: PMC8529704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusPhotoelectrochemical water-splitting is a promising and sustainable way to store the energy of the sun in chemical bonds and use it to produce hydrogen gas, a clean fuel. The key components in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) are photoelectrodes, including a photocathode that reduces water to hydrogen gas and a photoanode that oxidizes water to oxygen gas. Materials used in photoelectrodes for PECs must effectively absorb sunlight, yield photogenerated carriers, and exhibit electronic properties that enable the efficient shuttling of carriers to the surface to participate in relevant water-splitting reactions. Discovering and understanding the key characteristics of optimal photoelectrode materials is paramount to the realization of PEC technologies.Oxide-based photoelectrodes can satisfy many of these materials requirements, including stability in aqueous environments, band edges with reasonable alignment with the redox potentials for water splitting, and ease of synthesis. However, oxide photoelectrodes generally suffer from poor charge transport properties and considerable bulk electron-hole separation, and they have relatively large band gaps. Numerous strategies have been proposed to improve these aspects and understand how these improvements are reflected in the photoelectrochemical performance. Unfortunately, the structural and compositional complexity of multinary oxides accompanied by the inherent complexity of photoelectrochemical processes makes it challenging to understand the individual effects of composition, structure, and defects in the bulk and on the surface on a material's photoelectrochemical properties. The integration of experiment and theory has great potential to increase our atomic-level understanding of structure-composition-property relationships in oxide photoelectrodes.In this Account, we describe how integrating experiment and theory is beneficial for achieving scientific insights at the microscopic scale. We highlight studies focused on understanding the role of (i) bulk composition via solid-state solutions, intercalation, and comparison with isoelectronic compounds, (ii) dopants for both the anion and cation and their interactions with oxygen vacancies, and (iii) surface/interface structure in the photocurrent generation and photoelectrochemical performance in oxide photoelectrodes. In each instance, we outline strategies and considerations for integrating experiment and theory and describe how this integration led to valuable insights and new directions in uncovering structure-composition-property relationships. Our aim is to demonstrate the unique value of combining experiment and theory in studying photoelectrodes and to encourage the continued effort to bring experiment and theory in closer step with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wennie Wang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Andjela Radmilovic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kyoung-Shin Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Giulia Galli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Materials Science Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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16
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Li J, Chen H, Triana CA, Patzke GR. Hematite Photoanodes for Water Oxidation: Electronic Transitions, Carrier Dynamics, and Surface Energetics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18380-18396. [PMID: 33761172 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We review the current understanding of charge carriers in model hematite photoanodes at different stages. The origin of charge carriers is discussed based on the electronic structure and absorption features, highlighting the controversial assignment of the electronic transitions near the absorption edge. Next, the dynamic evolution of charge carriers is analyzed both on the ultrafast and on the surface reaction timescales, with special emphasis on the arguable spectroscopic assignment of electrons/holes and their kinetics. Further, the competitive charge transfer centers at the solid-liquid interface are reviewed, and the chemical nature of relevant surface states is updated. Finally, an overview on the function of widely employed surface cocatalysts is given to illustrate the complex influence of physiochemical modifications on the charge carrier dynamics. The understanding of charge carriers from their origin all the way to their interfacial transfer is vital for the future of photoanode design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlos A Triana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Greta R Patzke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Li J, Chen H, Triana CA, Patzke GR. Hematite Photoanodes for Water Oxidation: Electronic Transitions, Carrier Dynamics, and Surface Energetics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Li
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Carlos A. Triana
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Greta R. Patzke
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
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18
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Choe S, Kim SM, Lee Y, Seok J, Jung J, Lee JS, Jang YJ. Rational design of photocatalysts for ammonia production from water and nitrogen gas. NANO CONVERGENCE 2021; 8:22. [PMID: 34338913 PMCID: PMC8329108 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-021-00273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic N2 reduction has emerged as one of the most attractive routes to produce NH3 as a useful commodity for chemicals used in industries and as a carbon-free energy source. Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding, exploring, and designing efficient photocatalyst. In this review, we outline the important mechanistic and experimental procedures for photocatalytic NH3 production. In addition, we review effective strategies on development of photocatalysts. Finally, our analyses on the characteristics and modifications of photocatalysts have been summarized, based on which we discuss the possible future research directions, particularly on preparing more efficient catalysts. Overall, this review provides insights on improving photocatalytic NH3 production and designing solar-driven chemical conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokwoo Choe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyong Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute and Science and Technology, 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youn Jeong Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Cheng C, Fang WH, Long R, Prezhdo OV. Water Splitting with a Single-Atom Cu/TiO 2 Photocatalyst: Atomistic Origin of High Efficiency and Proposed Enhancement by Spin Selection. JACS AU 2021; 1:550-559. [PMID: 34467318 PMCID: PMC8395698 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Anatase TiO2 is an intensely investigated photocatalytic material due to its abundance and chemical stability. However, it suffers from weak light harvesting and low photocatalytic efficiency. Experiments show that light absorption and photocatalytic properties can be enhanced simultaneously by TiO2 doping with well-dispersed Cu atoms, forming a single-atom catalyst (Cu/TiO2) that can be used for solar water splitting and other applications. By performing ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that Cu/TiO2 is inactive before light irradiation due to rapid electron-hole recombination via both shallow and deep traps. Surprisingly, the shallow trap is more detrimental to the Cu/TiO2 performance than the deep trap because it couples better to free carriers. After light irradiation, leading to electron transfer and Cu/TiO2 protonation, the shallow trap is eliminated, and a local distortion around the Cu atom stabilizes the deep trap state on the Cu d-orbital, decoupling it from free charges and giving rise to high photocatalytic hydrogen generation activity. We further demonstrate that the photocatalytic performance of Cu/TiO2 can be enhanced by spin selection, achievable experimentally via optical intersite spin transfer or chiral semiconductor coating. Both H adsorption and spin selection enhance charge carrier lifetimes by an order of magnitude. The spin selection mechanism does not require formation of the H species, which necessitates concurrent sources of electrons and protons and which is intrinsically unstable because water splitting involves frequent proton shuffling. Our results rationalize the experimental observations at the atomistic level, provide mechanistic insights into operation of single atom photocatalysis, and demonstrate that spin selection can be used to develop advanced and efficient systems for solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- College
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry
of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal
University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- College
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry
of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal
University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Run Long
- College
of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry
of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal
University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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20
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Lee J, Lee S, Seo S, Kim S, Lee J, Song J, Yang J, Jung Y, Lee JH, Ko RK, Choi H, Choi CH, Lee S. Bendable BiVO 4-Based Photoanodes on a Metal Substrate Realized through Template Engineering for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:16478-16484. [PMID: 33792301 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Unlike planar photoelectrodes, bendable and malleable photoelectrodes extend their application to mechanical flexibility beyond conventional rigid structures, which have garnered new attention in the field of photoelectrochemical water splitting. A bendable metal (Hastelloy), which has both bendability and compatibility with various oxide layers, allows high-temperature processes for crystallization; therefore it is far superior as a substrate than a conventional flexible polymer. In this study, we fabricate bendable BiVO4 crystalline thin films on the metal substrates by employing template layers (SrRuO3/SrTiO3) to reduce the structural misfits between BiVO4 and the substrate. The crystallinities were verified through X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, and photocatalytic performances were examined. The crystallinity of BiVO4 was significantly improved by utilizing similar lattice constants and affinities between BiVO4 and the oxide template layers. We also formed a type II heterojunction by adding a WO3 layer which complements the charge separation and charge transfer as a photoanode. The photocurrent densities of tensile-bent BiVO4/WO3 thin films with a bending radius of 10 mm are comparable to those of pristine BiVO4/WO3 thin film in various aqueous electrolytes. Moreover, photostability tests showed that the tensile-bent crystalline photoanodes retained 90% of their initial photocurrent density after 24 h, which proved their exceptional durability. Our work demonstrates that the bendable photoelectrodes with crystallinity hold great potential in terms of device structure for solar-driven water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongsu Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchul Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehun Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkyu Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesun Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Rock-Kil Ko
- Superconductivity Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon 51543, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Choi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyuck Choi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghan Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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21
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Zhang Y, Lv H, Zhang Z, Wang L, Wu X, Xu H. Stable Unbiased Photo-Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting Exceeding 3% Efficiency via Covalent Triazine Framework/Metal Oxide Hybrid Photoelectrodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008264. [PMID: 33690954 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting systems using oxide-based photoelectrodes are highly attractive for solar-to-chemical energy conversion. However, despite decades-long efforts, it is still challenging to develop efficient and stable photoelectrodes for practical applications. Here, thin layers of covalent triazine frameworks (CTF-BTh) containing a bithiophene moiety are conformably deposited onto the surfaces of a Cu2 O photocathode and a Mo-doped BiVO4 photoanode via electropolymerization to construct new hybrid photoelectrodes, successfully addressing the efficiency and stability issues. The CTF-BTh possesses a suitable band structure to form favorable band edge alignment with each metal oxide, creating a p-n junction and a staggered type-II heterojunction with Cu2 O and Mo-doped BiVO4 , respectively. Thus, the as-fabricated hybrid photoelectrodes exhibit substantially increased PEC performances. Meanwhile, the CTF-BTh film also serves as an effective corrosion-resistant overlayer for both photoelectrodes to inhibit photocorrosion and enable long-term operation for 150 h with only ≈10% loss in photocurrent densities. Furthermore, a stand-alone unbiased PEC tandem device comprising CTF-BTh-coated photoelectrodes exhibits 3.70% solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency. Even after continuous operation for 120 h, the efficiency can still retain at 3.24%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Haifeng Lv
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Hangxun Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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22
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Lee HH, Kim DS, Choi JH, Kim YB, Jung SH, Sarker S, Deshpande NG, Suh HW, Cho HK. Optimal n-Type Al-Doped ZnO Overlayers for Charge Transport Enhancement in p-Type Cu 2O Photocathodes. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:338. [PMID: 33810027 PMCID: PMC8004703 DOI: 10.3390/mi12030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An effective strategy for improving the charge transport efficiency of p-type Cu2O photocathodes is the use of counter n-type semiconductors with a proper band alignment, preferably using Al-doped ZnO (AZO). Atomic layer deposition (ALD)-prepared AZO films show an increase in the built-in potential at the Cu2O/AZO interface as well as an excellent conformal coating with a thin thickness on irregular Cu2O. Considering the thin thickness of the AZO overlayers, it is expected that the composition of the Al and the layer stacking sequence in the ALD process will significantly influence the charge transport behavior and the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. We designed various stacking orders of AZO overlayers where the stacking layers consisted of Al2O3 (or Al) and ZnO using the atomically controlled ALD process. Al doping in ZnO results in a wide bandgap and does not degrade the absorption efficiency of Cu2O. The best PEC performance was obtained for the sample with an AZO overlayer containing conductive Al layers in the bottom and top regions. The Cu2O/AZO/TiO2/Pt photoelectrode with this overlayer exhibits an open circuit potential of 0.63 V and maintains a high cathodic photocurrent value of approximately -3.2 mA cm-2 at 0 VRHE for over 100 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Hyeon Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (H.H.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.B.K.); (S.H.J.); (H.W.S.)
| | - Dong Su Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (H.H.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.B.K.); (S.H.J.); (H.W.S.)
| | - Ji Hoon Choi
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (H.H.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.B.K.); (S.H.J.); (H.W.S.)
| | - Young Been Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (H.H.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.B.K.); (S.H.J.); (H.W.S.)
| | - Sung Hyeon Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (H.H.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.B.K.); (S.H.J.); (H.W.S.)
| | - Swagotom Sarker
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (S.S.); (N.G.D.)
| | - Nishad G. Deshpande
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (S.S.); (N.G.D.)
| | - Hee Won Suh
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (H.H.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.B.K.); (S.H.J.); (H.W.S.)
| | - Hyung Koun Cho
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (H.H.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.B.K.); (S.H.J.); (H.W.S.)
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23
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Feng J, Wu T, Cheng Q, Ma H, Ren X, Wang X, Lee JY, Wei Q, Ju H. A microfluidic cathodic photoelectrochemical biosensor chip for the targeted detection of cytokeratin 19 fragments 21-1. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:378-384. [PMID: 33313636 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01063d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic chip integrated with a microelectrode and a cathodic photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor for the ultrasensitive detection of non-small cell lung cancer cytokeratin fragments based on a signal amplification strategy was designed. The mechanism for signal amplification is developed based on the p-n junction of AgI/Bi2Ga4O9, with dissolved O2 as an electron acceptor to produce the superoxide anion radical (˙O2-) as the working microelectrode. By combining this with a novel superoxide-dismutase-loaded honeycomb manganese oxide nanostructure (SOD@hMnO2) as the co-catalyst signal amplification label, ˙O2- can be catalyzed by SOD via a disproportionation reaction to produce O2 and H2O2; then, hMnO2 is able to trigger the decomposition of H2O2 to generate O2 and H2O. Therefore, the increased O2 promotes the separation of electron-hole pairs via consuming more electrons, leading to an effective enhancement of the cathodic PEC behavior. Under optimum conditions, with the cytokeratin 19 fragments 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) as the targeted detection objects, the microfluidic cathodic PEC biosensor chip exhibited excellent linearity from 0.1 pg mL-1 to 100 ng mL-1, with a detection limit of 0.026 pg mL-1 (S/N = 3). The exciting thing that this work offers is a new strategy for the detection of other important cancer biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
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24
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Lu C, Drichel A, Chen J, Enders F, Rokicińska A, Kuśtrowski P, Dronskowski R, Boldt K, Slabon A. Sensibilization of p-NiO with ZnSe/CdS and CdS/ZnSe quantum dots for photoelectrochemical water reduction. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:869-877. [PMID: 33355569 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06993k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Core/shell quantum dots (QDs) paired with semiconductor photocathodes for water reduction have rarely been implemented so far. We demonstrate the integration of ZnSe/CdS and CdS/ZnSe QDs with porous p-type NiO photocathodes for water reduction. The QDs demonstrate appreciable enhancement in water-reduction efficiency, as compared with the bare NiO. Despite their different structure, both QDs generate comparable photocurrent enhancement, yielding a 3.8- and 3.2-fold improvement for the ZnSe/CdS@NiO and CdS/ZnSe@NiO system, respectively. Unraveling the carrier kinetics at the interface of these hybrid photocathodes is therefore critical for the development of efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) proton reduction. In addition to examining the carrier dynamics by the Mott-Schottky technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), we performed theoretical modelling for the distribution density of the carriers with respect to electron and hole wave functions. The electrons are found to be delocalized through the whole shell and can directly actuate the PEC-related process in the ZnSe/CdS QDs. The holes as the more localized carriers in the core have to tunnel through the shell before injecting into the hole transport layer (NiO). Our results emphasize the role of interfacial effects in core/shell QDs-based multi-heterojunction photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Lu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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25
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Li J, Wan W, Triana CA, Chen H, Zhao Y, Mavrokefalos CK, Patzke GR. Reaction kinetics and interplay of two different surface states on hematite photoanodes for water oxidation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:255. [PMID: 33431853 PMCID: PMC7801602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the function of surface states on photoanodes is crucial for unraveling the underlying reaction mechanisms of water oxidation. For hematite photoanodes, only one type of surface states with higher oxidative energy (S1) has been proposed and verified as reaction intermediate, while the other surface state located at lower potentials (S2) was assigned to inactive or recombination sites. Through employing rate law analyses and systematical (photo)electrochemical characterizations, here we show that S2 is an active reaction intermediate for water oxidation as well. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the reaction kinetics and dynamic interactions of both S1 and S2 depend significantly on operational parameters, such as illumination intensity, nature of the electrolyte, and applied potential. These insights into the individual reaction kinetics and the interplay of both surface states are decisive for designing efficient photoanodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wenchao Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlos A Triana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yonggui Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christos K Mavrokefalos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Greta R Patzke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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26
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Li Y, Wang T, Gao B, Fan X, Gong H, Xue H, Zhang S, Huang X, He J. Efficient photocathode performance of lithium ion doped LaFeO 3 nanorod arrays in hydrogen evolution. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05788f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Li-doped LaFeO3 nanorod arrays are used in photoelectrochemical water reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- 210016 Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- 210016 Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Bin Gao
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- 210016 Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing Institute of Technology
- 211167 Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Gong
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- 210016 Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Hairong Xue
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- 210016 Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Songtao Zhang
- Testing Center
- Yangzhou University
- 225009 Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xianli Huang
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- 210016 Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Jianping He
- College of Materials Science and Technology
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- 210016 Nanjing
- P. R. China
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27
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Liu S, Jia Y, Li Y, Wang P, Xu Z, Liu Q, Li Y, Wei Q. Separation of Biological Events from the Photoanode: Toward the Ferricyanide-Mediated Redox Cyclic Photoelectrochemical System of an Integrated Photoanode and Photocathode. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3540-3546. [PMID: 33064465 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Photoanode sensing platforms with remarkable photoelectrochemical (PEC) response and satisfying visible-light absorption have become the most promising detection systems. Nevertheless, their inevitable electrophilic character limits their expansion in the bioassay because of reductive substances in serum or other body fluids that can severely interfere with the photocurrent to be read. To solve it, a PEC platform-assembled dual-active electrode is designed to realize the separation of biological monitoring from the photoanode. The ferricyanide ([Fe(CN)6]3-)-mediated redox cycle is first proposed to meet the gain and loss electron requirements of the PEC system. It can avoid the self-reaction in the electrolyte caused by the addition of a traditional electron donor and acceptor, for instance, ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide. As a consequence, the traditional counter electrode (Pt wire) is replaced by Fe2O3/AgInS2 heterojunction, which can amplify the PEC response of the cathode to meet the requirement of trace analysis. An aptasensor fabricated by the above strategies exhibits convincing data for 17β-estradiol (E2) detection from which a wide detection range is obtained in 10 fg/mL to 1 μg/mL with a detection limit of 2.74 fg/mL (S/N = 3). These advanced elements show a rosy prospect for environmental monitoring and point-of-care biomarker diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanghua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yue Jia
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yuewen Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Yueyun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction and Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
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28
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Hao S, Zhang H, Sun X, Zhai J, Dong S. A Photoelectrochemical Fuel Cell Based on a CuO Photocathode for Sustainable Resources Utilization. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xiaoxuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Junfeng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
| | - Shaojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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29
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Lee J, Yoon H, Choi KS, Kim S, Seo S, Song J, Choi BU, Ryu J, Ryu S, Oh J, Jeon C, Lee S. Template Engineering of CuBi 2 O 4 Single-Crystal Thin Film Photocathodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002429. [PMID: 32686276 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To develop strategies for efficient photo-electrochemical water-splitting, it is important to understand the fundamental properties of oxide photoelectrodes by synthesizing and investigating their single-crystal thin films. However, it is challenging to synthesize high-quality single-crystal thin films from copper-based oxide photoelectrodes due to the occurrence of significant defects such as copper or oxygen vacancies and grains. Here, the CuBi2 O4 (CBO) single-crystal thin film photocathode is achieved using a NiO template layer grown on single-crystal SrTiO3 (STO) (001) substrate via pulsed laser deposition. The NiO template layer plays a role as a buffer layer of large lattice mismatch between CBO and STO (001) substrate through domain-matching epitaxy, and forms a type-II band alignment with CBO, which prohibits the transfer of photogenerated electrons toward bottom electrode. The photocurrent densities of the CBO single-crystal thin film photocathode demonstrate -0.4 and -0.7 mA cm-2 at even 0 VRHE with no severe dark current under illumination in a 0.1 m potassium phosphate buffer solution without and with H2 O2 as an electron scavenger, respectively. The successful synthesis of high-quality CBO single-crystal thin film would be a cornerstone for the in-depth understanding of the fundamental properties of CBO toward efficient photo-electrochemical water-splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongji Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Soon Choi
- National Research Facilities and Equipment Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkyu Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehun Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesun Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Uk Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseung Ryu
- Analysis Technical Center, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52851, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Ryu
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihun Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Energy, Environment Water and Sustainability (EEWS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolho Jeon
- The Advanced Nano Surface Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghan Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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30
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Sun J, Xia W, Zheng Q, Zeng X, Liu W, Liu G, Wang P. Increased Active Sites on Irregular Morphological α-Fe 2O 3 Nanorods for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12339-12345. [PMID: 32548417 PMCID: PMC7271369 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Uniform rectangular α-Fe2O3 nanorods (R-Fe2O3) and irregular α-Fe2O3 nanorods (D-Fe2O3) with a random size vertically aligned on fluorine-doped tin oxide were prepared with a facile one-step hydrothermal procedure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements and Raman spectra confirm that the obtained samples are α-Fe2O3, and XRD patterns show that D-Fe2O3 has two extra (012) and (104) planes of hematite in addition to the identical peaks to R-Fe2O3. The carrier density of the D-Fe2O3 sample is four times larger than that of R-Fe2O3. Finally, the D-Fe2O3 photoelectrode exhibited a better photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance under visible illumination than that of R-Fe2O3, achieving the photocurrent density of 0.15 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. In addition, incident photo-to-current conversion efficiency of D-Fe2O3 is nearly three times larger than that of R-Fe2O3. Hence, the improved PEC performance of D-Fe2O3 can be ascribed to higher carrier density resulting from the amount of oxygen vacancies and more activated exposed surface facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Sun
- College
of Physics Science and Technology & Institute of Optoelectronic
Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Xia
- College
of Physics Science and Technology & Institute of Optoelectronic
Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zheng
- College
of Physics Science and Technology & Institute of Optoelectronic
Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Xianghua Zeng
- College
of Physics Science and Technology & Institute of Optoelectronic
Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
- College
of Electrical, Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences &
Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- College
of Physics Science and Technology & Institute of Optoelectronic
Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Pengdi Wang
- College
of Physics Science and Technology & Institute of Optoelectronic
Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
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31
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Strange LE, Yadav J, Garg S, Shinde PS, Hill JW, Hill CM, Kung P, Pan S. Investigating the Redox Properties of Two-Dimensional MoS 2 Using Photoluminescence Spectroelectrochemistry and Scanning Electrochemical Cell Microscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3488-3494. [PMID: 32286830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Control over photophysical and chemical properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is the key to advance their applications in next-generation optoelectronics. Although chemical doping and surface modification with plasmonic metals have been reported to tune the photophysical and catalytic properties of 2D TMDs, there have been few reports of tuning optical properties using dynamic electrochemical control of electrode potential. Herein, we report (1) the photoluminescence (PL) enhancement and red-shift in the PL spectrum of 2D MoS2, synthesized by chemical vapor deposition and subsequent transfer onto an indium tin oxide electrode, upon electrochemical anodization and (2) spatial heterogeneities in its photoelectrochemical (PEC) activities. Spectroelectrochemistry shows that positive electrochemical bias causes an initial ten-fold increase in the PL intensity followed by a quick decrease in the enhancement. The PL enhancement and spectrum red-shift are associated with the decrease in nonradiative decay rates of excitons formed upon electrochemical anodization of 2D MoS2. Additionally, scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) study shows that the 2D MoS2 crystal is spatially sensitive to PEC oxidation at positive potentials. SECCM also shows a photocurrent increase caused by spatially heterogeneous edge-type defect sites of the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joshua W Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
| | - Caleb M Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
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32
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Wu YC, Song RJ, Li JH. Recent advances in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) for organic synthesis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00486c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The application of PECs in organic synthesis reactions and their reaction mechanisms are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
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