1
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Chang CY, Aponick A. Enantioselective Synthesis of Allylic Sulfones via Rhodium-Catalyzed Direct Hydrosulfonylation of Allenes and Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16996-17002. [PMID: 38875709 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
A highly regio- and enantioselective hydrosulfonylation using commercially available sodium sulfinates is reported, providing the first direct asymmetric rhodium-catalyzed hydrosulfonylation of allenes/alkynes to synthesize chiral allylic sulfones. Ligand screening studies demonstrated the indispensable role of the C1-symmetric P,N-ligand (Rax,S,S)-StackPhim for achieving both high regioselecitivity (>20:1) and enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee). Notably, the operationally simple method and mild conditions allow for the rapid preparation of chiral allylic sulfones with a wide scope of functional groups. Moreover, the use of sodium tert-butyldimethylsilyloxymethanesulfinate enables the collective synthesis of various chiral sulfone derivatives after simple transformations of the protected hydroxymethyl product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Yu Chang
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Aaron Aponick
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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2
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Lu HX, Wang C, Gao TT, Lin EZ, Lu SL, Hong X, Li BJ. Rhodium-Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydroboration of Acyclic Tetrasubstituted Alkenes Directed by an Amide. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16194-16202. [PMID: 38832699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Although progress has been made in enantioselective hydroboration of di- and trisubstituted alkenes over the past decades, enantioselective hydroboration of tetrasubstituted alkenes with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities continues as an unmet challenge since the 1950s due to its extremely low reactivity and the difficulties to simultaneously control the regio- and stereoselectivity of a tetrasubstituted alkene. Here, we report highly regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective catalytic hydroboration of diverse acyclic tetrasubstituted alkenes. The delicate interplay of an electron-rich rhodium complex and coordination-assistance forms a highly adaptive catalyst that effectively overcomes the low reactivity and controls the stereoselectivity. The generality of the catalyst system is exemplified by its efficacy across various tetrasubstituted alkenes with diverse steric and electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Xiang Lu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tao-Tao Gao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - En-Ze Lin
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shou-Lin Lu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Bi-Jie Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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3
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Ren J, Sun Z, Zhao S, Huang J, Wang Y, Zhang C, Huang J, Zhang C, Zhang R, Zhang Z, Ji X, Shao Z. Enantioselective synthesis of chiral α,α-dialkyl indoles and related azoles by cobalt-catalyzed hydroalkylation and regioselectivity switch. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3783. [PMID: 38710722 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
General, catalytic and enantioselective construction of chiral α,α-dialkyl indoles represents an important yet challenging objective to be developed. Herein we describe a cobalt catalyzed enantioselective anti-Markovnikov alkene hydroalkylation via the remote stereocontrol for the synthesis of α,α-dialkyl indoles and other N-heterocycles. This asymmetric C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling features high flexibility in introducing a diverse set of alkyl groups at the α-position of chiral N-heterocycles. The utility of this methodology has been demonstrated by late-stage functionalization of drug molecules, asymmetric synthesis of bioactive molecules, natural products and functional materials, and identification of a class of molecules exhibiting anti-apoptosis activities in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. Ligands play a vital role in controlling the reaction regioselectivity. Changing the ligand from bi-dentate L6 to tridentate L12 enables CoH-catalyzed Markovnikov hydroalkylation. Mechanistic studies disclose that the anti-Markovnikov hydroalkylation involves a migratory insertion process while the Markovnikov hydroalkylation involves a MHAT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, 650092, Kunming, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Jinyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Yukun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Jinhai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Chenhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Ruipu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Zhihan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China.
| | - Zhihui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China.
- Southwest United Graduate School, 650092, Kunming, China.
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4
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Fan C, Dhawa U, Qian D, Sakic D, Morel J, Hu X. Regiodivergent and Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfones via Ligand-Controlled Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202406767. [PMID: 38682392 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic sulfones have demonstrated important applications in drug discovery. However, the catalytic and enantioselective synthesis of chiral cyclic sulfones remains challenging. Herein, we develop nickel-catalyzed regiodivergent and enantioselective hydroalkylation of sulfolenes to streamline the synthesis of chiral alkyl cyclic sulfones. The method has broad scope and high functional group tolerance. The regioselectivity can be controlled by ligands only. A neutral PYROX ligand favors C3-alkylation whereas an anionic BOX ligand favors C2-alkylation. This control is kinetic in origin as the C2-bound Ni intermediates are always thermodynamically more stable. Reactivity study of a wide range of relevant Ni intermediates reveal a NiI/NiIII catalytic cycle with a NiII-H species as the resting state. The regio- and enantio-determining step is the insertion of this NiII-H species into 2-sulfolene. This work provides an efficient catalytic method for the synthesis of an important class of organic compounds and enhances the mechanistic understanding of Ni-catalyzed stereoselective hydroalkylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Uttam Dhawa
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Deyun Qian
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Davor Sakic
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jennifer Morel
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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Gu YW, Chen M, Deng W, Xu ZY. Computational Exploration of 1,2-Carboamine Carbonylation Catalyzed by Nickel. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4484-4495. [PMID: 38470436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed carbonylation of alkenes is a stereoselective and regioselective method for the synthesis of amide compounds. Theoretical predictions with density functional theory calculations revealed the mechanism and origin of stereoselectivity and regioselectivity for the nickel-catalyzed carbonylation of norbornene. The carbonylation reaction proceeds through oxidative addition, migration insertion of alkenes, and subsequent reduction elimination to afford cis-carbonylation product. The C-N bond activation of amides is unfavorable because the oxidative addition ability of the C-C bond is stronger than that of the C-N bond. The determining step of stereoselectivity is the migratory insertion of the strained olefin. The structural analysis shows that steroselectivity is controlled by the steric hindrance of methyl groups to olefins and substituents to IMes in ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Gu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai201418, PR China
| | - Man Chen
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai201418, PR China
| | - Wei Deng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai201418, PR China
| | - Zheng-Yang Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai201418, PR China
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6
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Zhou J, He Y, Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhu S. Ligand Relay Catalysis Enables Asymmetric Migratory Hydroarylation for the Concise Synthesis of Chiral α-(Hetero)Aryl-Substituted Amines. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306447. [PMID: 38419384 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Complementary to the design of a single structurally complex chiral ligand to promote each step in transition-metal catalysis, multiligand relay catalysis through dynamic ligand exchange with each step in the catalytic cycle promoted by its best ligand provides an attractive approach to enhance the whole reaction reactivity and selectivity. Herein, a regio- and enantioselective NiH-catalyzed migratory hydroarylation process with a simple combination of a chain-walking ligand and an asymmetric arylation ligand, producing high-value chiral α-(hetero)aryl-substituted amines and their derivatives under mild conditions, is reported. The potential synthetic applications of this transformation are demonstrated by the concise synthesis of (S)-nicotine and a CDK8 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yuli He
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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7
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Tian Y, Li XT, Liu JR, Cheng J, Gao A, Yang NY, Li Z, Guo KX, Zhang W, Wen HT, Li ZL, Gu QS, Hong X, Liu XY. A general copper-catalysed enantioconvergent C(sp 3)-S cross-coupling via biomimetic radical homolytic substitution. Nat Chem 2024; 16:466-475. [PMID: 38057367 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01385-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Although α-chiral C(sp3)-S bonds are of enormous importance in organic synthesis and related areas, the transition-metal-catalysed enantioselective C(sp3)-S bond construction still represents an underdeveloped domain probably due to the difficult heterolytic metal-sulfur bond cleavage and notorious catalyst-poisoning capability of sulfur nucleophiles. Here we demonstrate the use of chiral tridentate anionic ligands in combination with Cu(I) catalysts to enable a biomimetic enantioconvergent radical C(sp3)-S cross-coupling reaction of both racemic secondary and tertiary alkyl halides with highly transformable sulfur nucleophiles. This protocol not only exhibits a broad substrate scope with high enantioselectivity but also provides universal access to a range of useful α-chiral alkyl organosulfur compounds with different sulfur oxidation states, thus providing a complementary approach to known asymmetric C(sp3)-S bond formation methods. Mechanistic results support a biomimetic radical homolytic substitution pathway for the critical C(sp3)-S bond formation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tian
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-Coupling Reactions, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi-Tao Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Ren Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ang Gao
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ning-Yuan Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai-Xin Guo
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han-Tao Wen
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang-Shuai Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cross-Coupling Reactions, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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8
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Brösamlen D, Oestreich M. Ligand-Controlled On-Off Switch of a Silicon-Tethered Directing Group Enabling the Regiodivergent Hydroalkylation of Vinylsilanes under Ni-H Catalysis. Org Lett 2024; 26:977-982. [PMID: 38051157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
A regiodivergent Ni-H-catalyzed hydroalkylation of vinylsilanes is described. Depending on the ancillary ligand at the nickel catalyst, the regioselectivity can be steered by a directing group attached to the silicon atom. The mild protocols allow for the selective synthesis of either branched or linear alkylsilanes. An example of a vinylgermane is also reported. The method features a broad scope with high functional-group tolerance and follows a radical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brösamlen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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9
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Li Z, Liu B, Yao CY, Gao GW, Zhang JY, Tong YZ, Zhou JX, Sun HK, Liu Q, Lu X, Fu Y. Ligand-Controlled Cobalt-Catalyzed Regio-, Enantio-, and Diastereoselective Oxyheterocyclic Alkene Hydroalkylation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3405-3415. [PMID: 38282378 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Metal-hydride-catalyzed alkene hydroalkylation has been developed as an efficient method for C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling with broad substrate availability and high functional group compatibility. However, auxiliary groups, a conjugated group or a chelation-directing group, are commonly required to attain high regio- and enantioselectivities. Herein, we reported a ligand-controlled cobalt-hydride-catalyzed regio-, enantio-, and diastereoselective oxyheterocyclic alkene hydroalkylation without chelation-directing groups. This reaction enables the hydroalkylation of conjugated and unconjugated oxyheterocyclic alkenes to deliver C2- or C3-alkylated tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydropyran in uniformly good yields and with high regio- and enantioselectivities. In addition, hydroalkylation of C2-substituted 2,5-dihydrofuran resulted in the simultaneous construction of 1,3-distereocenters, providing convenient access to polysubstituted tetrahydrofuran with multiple enantioenriched C(sp3) centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Bingxue Liu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Gen-Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jun-Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Tong
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jing-Xiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hao-Kai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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10
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Huang Y, Zhang Y, Pan L, Wu Q, Li N, Shi E, Xiao J. CAMDOL-enabled diastereoselective synthesis of α-substituted phosphonates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 38265054 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05436e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Enantiopure α-substituted phosphonic acids are widely utilized as drugs, pesticides, and ligands. Despite numerous synthetic approaches having been investigated, precise construction of P-adjacent chiral tertiary carbon centres by the employment of recoverable chiral auxiliaries is traditional and still one of the most reliable and practical synthetic methodologies so far. Herein, we present a highly diastereoselective synthesis of α-substituted phosphonates via the unique CAMDOL-derived P-substrates by an efficient sequential deprotonation with LiHMDS and alkylation/arylation with RI. A wide range of 30 structurally diverse α-substituted phosphonate products, including the well-known P-analogues of naproxen and ibuprofen, were thus afforded conveniently in up to 92% yields and 99 : 1 diastereomeric ratios. The related chiral phosphonic acid could be easily obtained by simple acidic hydrolysis with fully recovered auxiliary. This CAMDOL-enabled asymmetric synthetic protocol exhibits comparative advantages over known chiral-induction methods with easy accessibility and compatibility of furnishing a variety of C-stereogenic centres in the proximity of the phosphorus atom, including some rare examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Yulong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Li Pan
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Enxue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Junhua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
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11
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Wang Y, He Y, Zhu S. Nickel-Catalyzed Migratory Cross-Coupling Reactions: New Opportunities for Selective C-H Functionalization. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3475-3491. [PMID: 37971926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusMigratory cross-coupling via metal migration is a process of significant academic and industrial interest. It provides an attractive alternative for the selective installation of a functional group at remote C-H positions from simple precursors, thus enabling the direct synthesis of challenging structures not accessible with traditional cross-coupling. In particular, with the merger of 1,n-Ni/H shift and cross-coupling of nickel, the Ni-catalyzed migratory functionalization of simple precursors has undergone particularly intense development and emerged as a valuable field of research in the past few years. This Account will outline the recent progress made in this arena in terms of migration-functionalization modes, diverse functionalizations, and strategies for regio- and stereocontrol. Mechanistic studies and synthetic applications are also discussed.In detail, we systematically categorize our work into two parts based on the migration modes. In the first part, a platform is created for Ni-catalyzed migratory sp3 C-H functionalization of alkenes or alkyl halides via iterative 1,2-Ni/H shift-selective cross-coupling. The key reactive Ni(II)H species for chain-walking could be generated in situ either in a polarity-reversed fashion relying on stoichiometric reductants (X-Ni(II)-H) or in a redox-neutral fashion with the participation of nucleophilic coupling partners (FG-Ni(II)-H). One significant advantage associated with the polarity-reversed NiH system is the use of relatively stable, abundant, and safe olefin surrogates or alkyl halides instead of the sensitive organometallics required in traditional cross-coupling reactions. Another advantage is that diverse functionalizations, including carbonation and more challenging amination and thiolation could be smoothly achieved with suitable electrophiles or their precursors. Finally, to address the challenging multifaceted selectivity and reactivity issues in asymmetric migratory cross-coupling reactions, we have developed a feasible ligand relay catalytic strategy. In this dynamic ligand exchange process, one ligand promotes rapid migration while the other promotes highly regio- and stereoselective coupling. This innovative strategy overcomes the formidable challenge stemming from the difficulty of designing a single ligand to efficiently promote both steps of chain-walking and asymmetric coupling. In the second part, a new platform for Ni-catalyzed migratory sp2 C-H functionalization via 1,4-Ni/H shift-selective cross-coupling has been reported. Starting from readily available aryl or vinyl coupling partners, the in situ-generated aryl- or vinylnickel(II) species could undergo a rapid and reversible 1,4-Ni/H shift along an sp2 backbone, and subsequent selective coupling with various coupling partners would allow regio- and stereoselective access to diverse 1,4-migratory functionalization products. The key to success was the discovery of an appropriate ligand to efficiently promote both migration and subsequent selective cross-coupling. A vinyl-to-aryl 1,4-Ni/H shift successfully enables the modular ipso/ortho difunctionalization of aryl coupling partners, while an aryl-to-vinyl 1,4-Ni/H shift enables regio- and stereoselective access to functionalized trisubstituted alkenes.We hope that this Account will inspire broad interest and future development of migratory cross-coupling reactions. We strongly believe that continued efforts in this fascinating field will overcome many of the remaining challenges, including cutting-edge ligand/catalyst design to enhance reactivity and selectivity, conceptually new migration modes for additional transformations, and in-depth mechanistic studies for rational reaction design.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuli He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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12
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Tong WY, Su X, Sun P, Xu S, Qu S, Wang X. Understanding the Reaction Mechanism of Ni-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydroalkylation of Enamines: Chemoselectivity of (Bi-oxazoline)NiH. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15404-15413. [PMID: 37853516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This density functional theory study explores the detailed mechanism of nickel-catalyzed hydroalkylation of the C═C bond of N-Cbz-protected enamines (Cbz = benzyloxycarbonyl) with alkyl iodides to give chiral α-alkyl amines. The active catalyst (biOx)NiH, a chiral bioxazoline (biOx)-chelated Ni(I) hydride, exhibits chemoselectivity that favors single electron transfer to the alkyl iodide over C═C hydrometalation with the enamine. This generates an alkyl radical and a Ni(II) intermediate, which takes up the enamine substrate CbzNHCH═CH2CH3 via a regio- and enantioselective C═C insertion into the NiII-H bond. The resulting Ni(II) alkyl complex combines with the alkyl radical, forming a Ni(III) intermediate, from which the alkyl-alkyl reductive elimination delivers the chiral amine product. The regioselectivity arises from a combination of orbital and noncovalent interactions, both of which are induced by the Cbz group. Thus, Cbz plays an additional role in controlling regioselectivity. The enantioselectivity stems from the differing distortion energies of CbzNHCH═CH2CH3. The reductive elimination is the rate-determining step (ΔG⧧ = 18.7 kcal/mol). In addition, the calculations show a noninnocent behavior of the biOx ligand induced by the insertion of CbzNHCH═CH2CH3 into the Ni-H bond of (biOx)NiH. These computationally gained insights can have implications for developing new Ni(I)-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Tong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoxi Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Pengrui Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shaojie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuanglin Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
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13
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Chen J, Wu L, Zhao Y, Zhu S. Enantio- and Diastereoselective NiH-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Enamides or Enecarbamates with Racemic α-Bromoamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311094. [PMID: 37721974 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic methods which control multiple stereogenic centers simultaneously are highly desirable in modern organic synthesis and chemical manufacturing. Herein, we report a regio-, enantio-, and diastereoselective NiH-catalyzed hydroalkylation process which proceeds with simultaneous control of vicinal stereocenters originating from two readily accessible partners, prochiral internal alkenes (enamides or enecarbamates) and racemic alkyl electrophiles (α-bromoamides or Katritzky salts). This reaction produces high-value β-aminoamides and their derivatives under mild conditions and with precise selectivity. Preliminary studies of the mechanism indicate that the reaction involves an enantioselective syn-hydronickelation to generate an enantiomerically enriched alkylnickel(II) species. Subsequent enantioconvergent alkylation with a racemic alkyl electrophile generates the desired product as a single stereoisomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lifu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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14
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Yus M, Nájera C, Foubelo F, Sansano JM. Metal-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Transformations. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11817-11893. [PMID: 37793021 PMCID: PMC10603790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Enantioconvergent catalysis has expanded asymmetric synthesis to new methodologies able to convert racemic compounds into a single enantiomer. This review covers recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed transformations, such as radical-based cross-coupling of racemic alkyl electrophiles with nucleophiles or racemic alkylmetals with electrophiles and reductive cross-coupling of two electrophiles mainly under Ni/bis(oxazoline) catalysis. C-H functionalization of racemic electrophiles or nucleophiles can be performed in an enantioconvergent manner. Hydroalkylation of alkenes, allenes, and acetylenes is an alternative to cross-coupling reactions. Hydrogen autotransfer has been applied to amination of racemic alcohols and C-C bond forming reactions (Guerbet reaction). Other metal-catalyzed reactions involve addition of racemic allylic systems to carbonyl compounds, propargylation of alcohols and phenols, amination of racemic 3-bromooxindoles, allenylation of carbonyl compounds with racemic allenolates or propargyl bromides, and hydroxylation of racemic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Yus
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Nájera
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco Foubelo
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica and Instituto de Síntesis
Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - José M. Sansano
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica and Instituto de Síntesis
Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
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15
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Yang JS, Lu K, Li CX, Zhao ZH, Zhang FM, Zhang XM, Tu YQ. NiH-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydroalkylation for the Synthesis of β- or γ-Branched Chiral Aromatic N-Heterocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22122-22134. [PMID: 37749771 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
A nickel hydride-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective hydroalkylation reaction was developed to give access to a library of chiral β- or γ-branched aromatic N-heterocycles. This intriguing asymmetric transformation features excellent selectivities, step- and atom-economies, and generating two kinds of chiral products through one synthetic strategy. Furthermore, the possible reaction mechanism was extensively investigated using numerous control experiments and density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ka Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chen-Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zu-Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frontier Scientific Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, Minhang, China
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16
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Chen C, Guo W, Qiao D, Zhu S. Synthesis of Enantioenriched 1,2-cis Disubstituted Cycloalkanes by Convergent NiH Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308320. [PMID: 37470299 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Enantioenriched multi-substituted cycloalkanes constitute an essential class of compounds in pharmaceuticals, natural products and agrochemicals. Here we report an NiH-catalyzed asymmetric migratory hydroalkylation process for the efficient and selective construction of such compounds. Through a dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DYKAT), easily accessible racemic and isomeric mixtures of cycloalkenes could be directly utilized as starting materials, convergently producing thermo-dynamically disfavored chiral 1,2-cis disubstituted cycloalkanes bearing vicinal stereocenters with high levels of regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivity. In addition, prochiral cyclic alkenes can be also employed, and deliver chiral 1,2-cis disubstituted cycloalkanes through desymmetrization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Deyong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
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17
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Song T, Wang K, Yuan Q, Zhang W. Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroamination and Hydroalkoxylation of Enelactams with Unactivated Amines and Alcohols. Org Lett 2023; 25:6093-6098. [PMID: 37560920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed hydroamination and hydroalkoxylation of enelactams with unactivated amines and alcohols are reported. This method showed good functional group tolerance and delivered the corresponding hydrofunctionalized products in good to excellent yields (≤98%). Furthermore, an intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of an enelactam was also realized, giving a cyclization product in a good yield. Mechanistic studies indicated that tBuI acts as a hydride donor and radical precursor, which is crucial for the success of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kuiyang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Qianjia Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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18
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Yang H, Ye Y. Recent Progress in NiH-Catalyzed Linear or Branch Hydrofunctionalization of Terminal or Internal Alkenes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:23. [PMID: 37474812 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00433-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The construction of C-C and C-X (X = N, O, Si, etc.) bonds is an important field in organic synthesis and methodology. In recent decades, studies on transition metal-catalyzed functionalization of alkenes have been on the rise. The individual properties of different transition metals determine the type of reaction that can be applied. Generally, post-transition metals with a large number of electrons in the d-orbit such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn, etc., can be applied to more reaction types than pre-transition metals with a small number of electrons (e.g., Ti, Zr, etc.). Alkyl nickel intermediates formed by oxidative addition could couple with various of nucleophiles or electrophiles. Moreover, nickel has several oxidation valence states, which can flexibly realize a variety of catalytic cycles. These characteristics make nickel favored by researchers in the field of functionalization of alkenes, especially for the hydrofunctionalization of alkenes. Both terminal and internal alkenes could be converted, and the strategies of synthesizing linear and branched compounds have been expanded. Moreover, the guiding groups in alkenes played an almost decisive role in the regional selectivity, and the ligand or temperature also had regulating effects. Herein, we will give a comprehensive and timely overview of the works about the Ni-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of alkenes and some insights on regional selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Brösamlen D, Oestreich M. Regioselective Hydroalkylation of Vinyl- and Allylsilanes as Well as Vinylgermanes under Ni-H Catalysis. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37418633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
A Ni-H-catalyzed hydroalkylation of vinylsilanes and -germanes as well as allylsilanes with unactivated alkyl iodides is reported. Unlike related reactions of styrene or vinyl boronate esters, the addition across the C-C double bond proceeds with anti-Markovnikov selectivity to deliver the linear regioisomer. Mechanistic control experiments support a radical mechanism, and a competition experiment reveals that the chemoselectivity is in favor of the vinyl over the allyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brösamlen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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20
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Zhao WT, Shu W. Enantioselective Csp3-Csp3 formation by nickel-catalyzed enantioconvergent cross-electrophile alkyl-alkyl coupling of unactivated alkyl halides. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg9898. [PMID: 37418514 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg9898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The pervasive occurrence of saturated stereogenic carbon centers in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, functional organic materials, and natural products has stimulated great efforts toward the construction of such saturated carbon centers. We report a reaction mode for the enantioselective construction of alkyl-alkyl bond to access saturated stereogenic carbon centers by asymmetric reductive cross-coupling between different alkyl electrophiles in good yields with great levels of enantioselectivity. This reaction mode uses only alkyl electrophiles for enantioselective Csp3-Csp3 bond-formation, rendering reductive alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling as an alternative to traditional alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling reactions between alkyl nucleophiles and alkyl electrophiles to access saturated stereogenic carbon centers without the use of organometallic reagents. The reaction displays a broad scope for two alkyl electrophiles with good functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies reveal that the reaction undergoes a single electron transfer that enabled the reductive coupling pathway to form the alkyl-alkyl bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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21
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Zhao WT, Zhang JX, Chen BH, Shu W. Ligand-enabled Ni-catalysed enantioconvergent intermolecular Alkyl-Alkyl cross-coupling between distinct Alkyl halides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2938. [PMID: 37217551 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Tertiary aliphatic amides are key elements in organic molecules, which are abundantly present in natural products, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional organic materials. Enantioconvergent alkyl-alkyl bond-forming process is one of the most straightforward and efficient, yet highly challenging ways to build such stereogenic carbon centers. Herein, we report an enantioselective alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling between two different alkyl electrophiles to access α-tertiary aliphatic amides. With a newly-developed chiral tridentate ligand, two distinct alkyl halides were successfully cross-coupled together to forge an alkyl-alkyl bond enantioselectively under reductive conditions. Mechanistic investigations reveal that one alkyl halides exclusively undergo oxidative addition with nickel versus in-situ formation of alkyl zinc reagents from the other alkyl halides, rendering formal reductive alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling from easily available alkyl electrophiles without preformation of organometallic reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Bi-Hong Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.
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22
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Wang JW, Li Z, Liu D, Zhang JY, Lu X, Fu Y. Nickel-Catalyzed Remote Asymmetric Hydroalkylation of Alkenyl Ethers to Access Ethers of Chiral Dialkyl Carbinols. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10411-10421. [PMID: 37127544 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Site- and enantio-selective alkyl-alkyl bond formation is privileged in the retrosynthetic analysis due to the universality of sp3-hybridized carbon atoms in organic molecules. Herein, we report a nickel-catalyzed remote asymmetric hydroalkylation of alkenyl ethers via synchronous implementation of alkene isomerization and enantioselective C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond formation. Regression analysis of catalyst structure-activity relationships accelerates the rational ligand modification through modular regulation. This reaction has several advantages for synthesizing chiral dialkyl carbinols and their ether derivatives, including the broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, excellent regioselectivity (>20:1 regioisomeric ratio), and high enantioselectivity (up to 95% enantiomeric excess).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wang Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Deguang Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Yang Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
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23
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Song T, Luo Y, Wang K, Wang B, Yuan Q, Zhang W. Nickel-Catalyzed Remote C(sp 3)–N/O Bond Formation of Alkenes with Unactivated Amines and Alcohols. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yicong Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kuiyang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bingyi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qianjia Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 75 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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24
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Liao G, Shi BF. Two birds with one stone: asymmetric construction of vicinal C(sp 3) centres by nickel-catalyzed hydroalkylation of alkenes. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:462-464. [PMID: 36813581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
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25
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Sheng FT, Wang SC, Zhou J, Chen C, Wang Y, Zhu S. Control of Axial Chirality through NiH-Catalyzed Atroposelective Hydrofunctionalization of Alkynes. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Tao Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changpeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Zhao WT, Meng H, Lin JN, Shu W. Ligand-Controlled Nickel-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Cross-Electrophile Alkyl-Alkyl Couplings of Alkyl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215779. [PMID: 36515409 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Functionalizing specific positions on a saturated alkyl molecule is a key challenge in synthetic chemistry. Herein, a ligand-controlled regiodivergent alkylations of alkyl bromides at different positions by Ni-catalyzed alkyl-alkyl cross-electrophile coupling with the second alkyl bromides has been developed. The reaction undergoes site-selective isomerization on one alkyl bromides in a controlled manner, providing switchable access to diverse alkylated structures at different sites of alkyl bromides. The reaction occurs at three similar positions with excellent chemo- and regioselectivity, representing a remarkable ligand tuned reactivity between alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling and nickel migration along the hydrocarbon side chain. This reaction offers a catalytic platform to diverse saturated architectures by alkyl-alkyl bond-formation from identical starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Huan Meng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Ni Lin
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, P. R. China
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27
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Zhou J, Wang D, Xu W, Hu Z, Xu T. Enantioselective C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Reductive Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Unactivated Alkyl Halides with α-Chloroboronates via Dual Nickel/Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2081-2087. [PMID: 36688920 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Substantial advances in enantioconvergent C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond formations have been made with nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of racemic alkyl electrophiles with organometallic reagents or nickel-hydride-catalyzed hydrocarbonation of alkenes. Herein, we report an unprecedented enantioselective C(sp3)-C(sp3) reductive cross-coupling by the direct utilization of two different alkyl halides with dual nickel/photoredox catalysis system. This highly selective coupling of racemic α-chloroboronates and unactivated alkyl iodides furnishes chiral secondary alkyl boronic esters, which serve as useful and important intermediates in the realm of organic synthesis and enable a desirable protocol to fast construction of enantioenriched complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
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28
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Li H, Cheng L, Li G, Xu T, Zhang S, Zeng F. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Boroprotonation of Phosphinylallenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:488-493. [PMID: 36637444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds from readily available substrates by a facile method is an attractive strategy. In this study, an efficient route for copper-catalyzed asymmetric boroprotonation of phosphinylallenes with bis(pinacolato)diboron with high regioselectivity was developed, affording chiral allylphosphine oxides in high yields with high enantioselectivities of up to 98% ee. The synthetic utility was further demonstrated by the facile transformation of the chiral allylphosphine oxides to several stereospecific products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Long Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Guiqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Tongyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Shengjun Zhang
- State Energy Key Lab of Clean Coal Grading Conversion, Modern Chemical Technology Department, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Rank Coal Pyrolysis, Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Technology Institute Co., Ltd., 166 Seventh Shenzhou Road, Xi'an 710100, P. R. China
| | - Fanlong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
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29
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Bera S, Fan C, Hu X. Enantio- and diastereoselective construction of vicinal C(sp3) centres via nickel-catalysed hydroalkylation of alkenes. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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30
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Wang Y, He Y, Zhu S. NiH-Catalyzed Functionalization of Remote and Proximal Olefins: New Reactions and Innovative Strategies. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3519-3536. [PMID: 36350093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal hydride catalyzed functionalization of remote and proximal olefins has many advantages over conventional cross-coupling reactions. It avoids the separate, prior generation of stoichiometric amounts of organometallic reagents and the use of preformed organometallic reagents, which are sometimes hard to access and may compromise functional group compatibility. The migratory insertion of metal hydride complexes generated in situ into readily available alkene starting materials, the hydrometalation process, provides an attractive and straightforward route to alkyl metal intermediates, which can undergo a variety of sequential cross-coupling reactions. In particular, with the synergistic combination of chain-walking and cross-coupling chemistry of nickel, NiH-catalyzed functionalization of remote and proximal olefins has undergone particularly intense development in the past few years. This Account aims to chronicle the progress made in this arena in terms of activation modes, diverse functionalizations, and chemo-, regio-, and enantioselectivity.We first provide a brief introduction to the general reaction mechanisms. Taking remote hydroarylation as an example, the four oxidation states of Ni have allowed us to develop two different reaction strategies to form the final product: a Ni(I)-H/X-Ni(II)-H platform that relies on stoichiometric reductants and a Ni(I/II/III) cycle and a redox-neutral functional group or FG-Ni(II)-H platform that reacts with an alkene substrate and forms the migratory products via a Ni(0/II) pathway. We also demonstrate that diverse functionalization, including general C-C bond-forming reactions and the more challenging C-N/C-S bond-forming reactions could be realized. Moreover, the employment of appropriate chiral ligands has allowed us to successfully realize the corresponding asymmetric hydrofunctionalization reactions of olefins, including hydroalkylation, hydroarylation, hydroalkenylation, hydroalkynylation, and hydroamination. Interestingly, the enantio-determining step could be enantioselective hydronickelation, selective oxidative addition, or selective reductive elimination. To realize more challenging asymmetric migratory hydrofunctionalization, we have developed a general ligand relay catalytic strategy with a combination of two simple ligands, the first for chain-walking and the second for asymmetric coupling. This novel strategy avoids the design of a single, possibly structurally complex chiral ligand to promote both steps of chain-walking and asymmetric coupling. In addition, the success of multicomponent hydrofunctionalization provides a convenient approach to gain simple access to complex molecules. Finally, alkyl halides could be used as olefin precursors to undergo a variety of reductive migratory cross-electrophile coupling reactions. Applications of these remote hydrofunctionalization reactions are also discussed. We hope this Account will inspire future development in the field to overcome key challenges, including conceptually new catalytic strategies, development of high-performance systems with enhanced reactivity and selectivity, cutting-edge catalyst design, and further mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuli He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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31
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Jiang X, Sheng FT, Zhang Y, Deng G, Zhu S. Ligand Relay Catalysis Enables Asymmetric Migratory Reductive Acylation of Olefins or Alkyl Halides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21448-21456. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Feng-Tao Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Gao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang453007, China
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32
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Li L, Ren J, Zhou J, Wu X, Shao Z, Yang X, Qian D. Enantioselective synthesis of N-alkylindoles enabled by nickel-catalyzed C-C coupling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6861. [PMID: 36369422 PMCID: PMC9652415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioenriched N-alkylindole compounds, in which nitrogen is bound to a stereogenic sp3 carbon, are an important entity of target molecules in the fields of biological, medicinal, and organic chemistry. Despite considerable efforts aimed at inventing methods for stereoselective indole functionalization, straightforward access to a diverse range of chiral N-alkylindoles in an intermolecular catalytic fashion from readily available indole substrates remains an ongoing challenge. In sharp contrast to existing C-N bond-forming strategies, here, we describe a modular nickel-catalyzed C-C coupling protocol that couples a broad array of N-indolyl-substituted alkenes with aryl/alkenyl/alkynyl bromides to produce chiral N-alkylindole adducts in single regioisomeric form, in up to 91% yield and 97% ee. The process is amenable to proceed under mild conditions and exhibit broad scope and high functional group compatibility. Utility is highlighted through late-stage functionalization of natural products and drug molecules, preparation of chiral building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Li
- grid.440773.30000 0000 9342 2456Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiangtao Ren
- grid.440773.30000 0000 9342 2456Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China ,Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, China
| | - Jingjie Zhou
- grid.440773.30000 0000 9342 2456Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- grid.440773.30000 0000 9342 2456Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhihui Shao
- grid.440773.30000 0000 9342 2456Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China ,Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- grid.440773.30000 0000 9342 2456Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Deyun Qian
- grid.440773.30000 0000 9342 2456Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, and State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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33
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Zhang JX, Yang PF, Shu W. Access to dialkylated allylic stereogenic centers by Ni-catalysed enantioselective hydrovinylation of unactivated alkenes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11405-11410. [PMID: 36320572 PMCID: PMC9533468 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04350e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary dialkylated allylic stereogenic centers are widespread substructures in bioactive molecules and natural products. However, enantioselective access to dialkyl substituted allylic motifs remains a long-term challenge. Herein, a straightforward protocol to build allylic dialkylated stereogenic centers enabled by nickel-catalysed regio- and enantioselective hydrovinylation of isolated unactivated alkenes facilitated by a weakly coordinating group with vinyl bromides was developed, affording dialkylated allylic species in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities. The reaction distinguishes distinct alkenes and works for both terminal and internal aliphatic alkenes. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and tolerates a wide range of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong P. R. China
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34
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Li X, Yuan M, Chen F, Huang Z, Qing FL, Gutierrez O, Chu L. Three-component enantioselective alkenylation of organophosphonates via nickel metallaphotoredox catalysis. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Enantioselective synthesis of α-aminoboronates by NiH-catalysed asymmetric hydroamidation of alkenyl boronates. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5630. [PMID: 36163363 PMCID: PMC9512809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral α-aminoboronic acids and their derivatives are generally useful as bioactive compounds and some have been approved as therapeutic agents. Here we report a NiH-catalysed asymmetric hydroamidation process that with a simple amino alcohol ligand can easily produce a wide range of highly enantioenriched α-aminoboronates from alkenyl boronates and dioxazolones under mild conditions. The reaction is proposed to proceed by an enantioselective hydrometallation followed by an inner-sphere nitrenoid transfer and C–N bond forming sequence. The synthetic utility of this transformation was demonstrated by the efficient synthesis of a current pharmaceutical agent, Vaborbactam. Enantioenriched α-aminoboronic acid, a structural unit in many bioactive molecules, is also a valuable synthon in organic synthesis. Here, the authors disclose a NiH-catalysed asymmetric hydroamidation process for their direct synthesis.
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36
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Direct Electrooxidative Selenylation/Cyclization of Alkynes: Access to Functionalized Benzo[b]furans. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196314. [PMID: 36234851 PMCID: PMC9572441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A mild, practical, metal and oxidant-free methodology for the synthesis of various C-3 selenylated benzo[b]furan derivatives was developed through the intramolecular cyclization of alkynes promoted with diselenides via electrooxidation. A wide range of selenium-substituted benzo[b]furan derivatives were obtained in good to excellent yields with high regioselectivity under constant current in an undivided cell equipped with carbon and platinum plates as the anode and cathode, respectively. Moreover, the convergent approach exhibited good functional group tolerance and could be easily scaled up with good efficiency, providing rapid access to a diverse range of selenylated benzo[b]furans derivatives from simple, readily available starting materials.
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37
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Wang J, Liu D, Chang Z, Li Z, Fu Y, Lu X. Nickel‐Catalyzed Switchable Site‐Selective Alkene Hydroalkylation by Temperature Regulation**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205537. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Wang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - De‐Guang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhe Chang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yao Fu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xi Lu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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38
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Yang PF, Liang JX, Zhao HT, Shu W. Access to Enantioenriched 1, n-Diamines via Ni-Catalyzed Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes with Weakly Coordinating Groups. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Xing Liang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Han-Tong Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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39
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Zhao L, Zhu Y, Liu M, Xie L, Liang J, Shi H, Meng X, Chen Z, Han J, Wang C. Ligand-Controlled NiH-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Chain-Walking Hydroalkylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204716. [PMID: 35608276 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A NiH-catalyzed migratory hydroalkylation of alkenyl amines with predictable and switchable regioselectivity is reported. By utilizing a ligand-controlled, directing group-assisted strategy, various alkyl units are site-selectively installed at inert sp3 C-H sites far away from the original C=C bonds. A range of structurally diverse α- and β-branched protected amines are conveniently synthesized via stabilization of 5- and 6-membered nickelacycles respectively. This method exhibits broad scope and high functional group tolerance, and can be applied to late-stage modification of medicinally relevant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Leipeng Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
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40
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Li Y, Liu D, Wan L, Zhang JY, Lu X, Fu Y. Ligand-Controlled Cobalt-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Alkyne Hydroalkylation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13961-13972. [PMID: 35866845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Regiodivergent alkyne hydroalkylation to generate different isomers of an alkene from the same alkyne starting material would be beneficial; however, it remains a challenge. Herein, we report a ligand-controlled cobalt-catalyzed regiodivergent alkyne hydroalkylation. The sensible selection of bisoxazoline (L1) and pyridine-oxazoline (L8) ligands led to reliable and predictable protocols that provided (E)-1,2-disubstituted and 1,1-disubstituted alkenes with high E/Z stereoselectivity and regioisomeric ratio starting from identical terminal alkyne and alkyl halide substrates and produced trisubstituted alkenes in the case of internal alkynes. This method exhibits a broad scope for terminal and internal alkynes with a wide range of activated and unactivated alkyl halides and shows excellent functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Deguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Yang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China.,Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, 230031 Hefei, China
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41
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Gao Y, Zhang B, Levy L, Zhang HJ, Chi H, Baran PS. Ni-Catalyzed Enantioselective Dialkyl Carbinol Synthesis via Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling: Development, Scope, and Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10992-11002. [PMID: 35671374 PMCID: PMC9800071 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The first enantioselective decarboxylative Negishi-type alkylations of α-oxy carboxylic acids are reported via the intermediacy of redox-active esters (RAEs). This transformation enables a radical-based retrosynthesis of seemingly trivial enantiopure dialkyl carbinols. This article includes a discussion of the history of such couplings, the retrosynthetic ramifications of such a coupling, the development of general conditions, and an extensive series of applications that vividly demonstrate how it can simplify synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Phil S. Baran
- Corresponding Author: Phil S. Baran − Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States;
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42
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Zhao L, Zhu Y, Liu M, Xie L, Liang J, Shi H, Meng X, Chen Z, Han J, Wang C. Ligand‐Controlled NiH‐Catalyzed Regiodivergent Chain‐Walking Hydroalkylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Leipeng Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Haoran Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Zhengyang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
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43
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Wang JW, Liu DG, Chang Z, Li Z, Fu Y, Lu X. Nickel‐Catalyzed Switchable Site‐Selective Alkene Hydroalkylation by Temperature Regulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wang Wang
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - De-Guang Liu
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhe Chang
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhen Li
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yao Fu
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Xi Lu
- University of Science and Technology of China Chemistry Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
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44
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Regio- and enantioselective remote hydroarylation using a ligand-relay strategy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2471. [PMID: 35513385 PMCID: PMC9072428 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of a single complicated chiral ligand to well-promote each step of an asymmetric cascade reaction is sometimes a formidable challenge in transition metal catalysis. In this work, a highly regio- and enantioselective Ni-catalysed migratory hydroarylation relay process has been achieved with the combination of two simple ligands, one which accomplishes chain-walking and the other causing asymmetric arylation. This formal asymmetric C(sp3)−H arylation provides direct access to a wide range of structurally diverse chiral 1,1-diarylalkanes, a structural unit found in a number of bioactive molecules. The value of this strategy was further demonstrated by the Ni-catalysed migratory asymmetric 1,3-arylboration. Migratory alkene isomerizations and cross-coupling reactions are both possible under nickel catalysis, but usually require different conditions. Here the authors show a combined protocol to isomerize a double bond and then, via an in-situ exchange of ligands, perform an enantioselective C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-coupling.
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45
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Yang PF, Zhu L, Liang JX, Zhao HT, Zhang JX, Zeng XW, Ouyang Q, Shu W. Regio- and Enantioselective Hydroalkylations of Unactivated Olefins Enabled by Nickel Catalysis: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insights. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Xing Liang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Han-Tong Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Wang Zeng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
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46
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Zhang Z, Bera S, Fan C, Hu X. Streamlined Alkylation via Nickel-Hydride-Catalyzed Hydrocarbonation of Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7015-7029. [PMID: 35413202 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Compounds rich in sp3-hybridized carbons are desirable in drug discovery. Nickel-catalyzed hydrocarbonation of alkenes is a potentially efficient method to synthesize these compounds. By using abundant, readily available, and stable alkenes as pro-nucleophiles, these reactions can have broad scope and high functional group tolerance. However, this methodology is still in an early stage of development, as the first efficient examples were reported only in 2016. Herein, we summarize the progress of this emerging field, with an emphasis on enantioselective reactions. We highlight major developments, critically discuss a wide range of possible mechanisms, and offer our perspective of the state and challenges of the field. We hope this Perspective will stimulate future works in this area, making the methodology widely applicable in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Zhang
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, Lausanne, CH 1015 Switzerland
| | - Srikrishna Bera
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, Lausanne, CH 1015 Switzerland
| | - Chao Fan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, Lausanne, CH 1015 Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, Lausanne, CH 1015 Switzerland
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47
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NiH-catalysed proximal-selective hydroalkylation of unactivated alkenes and the ligand effects on regioselectivity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1890. [PMID: 35393419 PMCID: PMC8990077 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkene hydrocarbonation reactions have been developed to supplement traditional electrophile-nucleophile cross-coupling reactions. The branch-selective hydroalkylation method applied to a broad range of unactivated alkenes remains challenging. Herein, we report a NiH-catalysed proximal-selective hydroalkylation of unactivated alkenes to access β- or γ-branched alkyl carboxylic acids and β-, γ- or δ-branched alkyl amines. A broad range of alkyl iodides and bromides with different functional groups can be installed with excellent regiocontrol and availability for site-selective late-stage functionalization of biorelevant molecules. Under modified reaction conditions with NiCl2(PPh3)2 as the catalyst, migratory hydroalkylation takes place to provide β- (rather than γ-) branched products. The keys to success are the use of aminoquinoline and picolinamide as suitable directing groups and combined experimental and computational studies of ligand effects on the regioselectivity and detailed reaction mechanisms. Difunctionalization of olefins is an ongoing and important focus of synthetic organic chemistry. Here the authors report a nickel-catalysed hydroalkylation of unactivated alkenes to obtain branched alkyl carboxylic acids or alkyl amines, using aminoquinoline and picolinamide as directing groups.
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48
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Theoretical study of nickel-catalyzed hydroalkylation of 3-pyrrolines: Origin of ligand-controlled regioselectivity. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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49
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Zhang CS, Zhang BB, Zhong L, Chen XY, Wang ZX. DFT insight into asymmetric alkyl-alkyl bond formation via nickel-catalysed enantioconvergent reductive coupling of racemic electrophiles with olefins. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3728-3739. [PMID: 35432909 PMCID: PMC8966719 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05605k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A DFT study has been conducted to understand the asymmetric alkyl–alkyl bond formation through nickel-catalysed reductive coupling of racemic alkyl bromide with olefin in the presence of hydrosilane and K3PO4. The key findings of the study include: (i) under the reductive experimental conditions, the Ni(ii) precursor is easily activated/reduced to Ni(0) species which can serve as an active species to start a Ni(0)/Ni(ii) catalytic cycle. (ii) Alternatively, the reaction may proceed via a Ni(i)/Ni(ii)/Ni(iii) catalytic cycle starting with a Ni(i) species such as Ni(i)–Br. The generation of a Ni(i) active species via comproportionation of Ni(ii) and Ni(0) species is highly unlikely, because the necessary Ni(0) species is strongly stabilized by olefin. Alternatively, a cage effect enabled generation of a Ni(i) active catalyst from the Ni(ii) species involved in the Ni(0)/Ni(ii) cycle was proposed to be a viable mechanism. (iii) In both catalytic cycles, K3PO4 greatly facilitates the hydrosilane hydride transfer for reducing olefin to an alkyl coupling partner. The reduction proceeds by converting a Ni–Br bond to a Ni–H bond via hydrosilane hydride transfer to a Ni–alkyl bond via olefin insertion. On the basis of two catalytic cycles, the origins for enantioconvergence and enantioselectivity control were discussed. The enantioconvergent alkyl–alkyl coupling involves two competitive catalytic cycles with nickel(0) and nickel(i) active catalysts, respectively. K3PO4 plays a crucial role to enable the hydride transfer from hydrosilane to nickel–bromine species.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Shen Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Liang Zhong
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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50
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Guo W, Cheng L, Ma G, Tong W, Wu F. Diverse Synthesis of Chiral Trifluoromethylated Alkanes via Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Reductive Hydroalkylation of Unactivated Olefins. Org Lett 2022; 24:1796-1801. [PMID: 35235316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a nickel-catalyzed enantioconvergent hydroalkylation of olefins with trifluoromethyl-containing α-alkyl halides for the synthesis of enantioenriched trifluoromethylated alkanes. This reaction employs readily available and bench-stable alkenes as alkyl coupling partners, featuring mild conditions, a broad substrate scope, and high functional group tolerance. The synthetic utility of this method is further demonstrated in the late-stage functionalization of a range of drug molecules and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Guo
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guobin Ma
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Weiqi Tong
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology and Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
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