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Ye M, Hueckel T, Gatenil PP, Nagao K, Carter WC, Macfarlane RJ. Nanoparticle Superlattices with Nonequilibrium Crystal Shapes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15970-15977. [PMID: 38838258 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticle assembly is a material synthesis strategy that enables precise control of nanoscale structural features. Concepts from traditional crystal growth research have been tremendously useful in predicting and programming the unit cell symmetries of these assemblies, as their thermodynamically favored structures are often identical to atomic crystal analogues. However, these analogies have not yielded similar levels of influence in programming crystallite shapes, which are a consequence of both the thermodynamics and kinetics of crystal growth. Here, we demonstrate kinetic control of the colloidal crystal shape using nanoparticle building blocks that rapidly assemble over a broad range of concentrations, thereby producing well-defined crystal habits with symmetrically oriented dendritic protrusions and providing insight into the crystals' morphological evolution. Counterintuitively, these nonequilibrium crystal shapes actually become more common for colloidal crystals synthesized closer to equilibrium growth conditions. This deviation from typical crystal growth processes observed in atomic or molecular crystals is shown to be a function of the drastically different time scales of atomic and colloidal mass transport. Moreover, the particles are spherical with isotropic ligand grafts, and these kinetic crystal habits are achieved without the need for specifically shaped particle building blocks or external templating or shape-directing agents. Thus, this work provides generalizable design principles to expand the morphological diversity of nanoparticle superlattice crystal habits beyond the anhedral or equilibrium polyhedral shapes synthesized to date. Finally, we use this insight to synthesize crystallite shapes that have never before been observed, demonstrating the ability to both predict and program kinetically controlled superlattice morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Theodore Hueckel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Perapat P Gatenil
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Keisuke Nagao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - W Craig Carter
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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2
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Wu R, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Liu R, Zhang Q, Zhang C. Catalytic Gold Nanoparticle Assembly Programmed by DNAzyme Circuits. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307107. [PMID: 38191832 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Assembled gold nanoparticle (AuNP) superstructures can generate unique physicochemical characteristics and be used in various applications, thus becoming an attractive research field. Recently, several DNA-assisted gold nanoparticle assembly methods have been rigorously developed that typically require a non-catalytic equimolar molecular assembly to guarantee the designed assembly. Although efficient and accurate, exploring such non-catalytic nanoparticle assemblies in the complex cellular milieu under low trigger concentrations remains challenging. Therefore, developing a catalytic method that facilitates gold nanoparticle assemblies with relatively low DNA trigger concentrations is desirable. In this report, a catalytic method to program gold nanoparticle assemblies by DNAzyme circuits is presented, where only a small number of DNA triggers are able to induce the production of a large number of the desired nanoparticle assemblies. The feasibility of using logic DNAzyme circuits to control catalytic nanoparticle assemblies is experimentally verified. Additionally, catalytic AuNP assembly systems are established with cascading and feedback functions. The work provides an alternative research direction to enrich the tool library of nanoparticle assembly and their application in biosensing and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranfeng Wu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- School of Computer Science, Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongpeng Zhang
- School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Rongming Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Computer Science, Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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3
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Thrasher CJ, Jia F, Yee DW, Kubiak JM, Wang Y, Lee MS, Onoda M, Hart AJ, Macfarlane RJ. Rationally Designing the Supramolecular Interfaces of Nanoparticle Superlattices with Multivalent Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38622048 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
In supramolecular materials, multiple weak binding groups can act as a single collective unit when confined to a localized volume, thereby producing strong but dynamic bonds between material building blocks. This principle of multivalency provides a versatile means of controlling material assembly, as both the number and the type of supramolecular moieties become design handles to modulate the strength of intermolecular interactions. However, in materials with building blocks significantly larger than individual supramolecular moieties (e.g., polymer or nanoparticle scaffolds), the degree of multivalency is difficult to predict or control, as sufficiently large scaffolds inherently preclude separated supramolecular moieties from interacting. Because molecular models commonly used to examine supramolecular interactions are intrinsically unable to examine any trends or emergent behaviors that arise due to nanoscale scaffold geometry, our understanding of the thermodynamics of these massively multivalent systems remains limited. Here we address this challenge via the coassembly of polymer-grafted nanoparticles and multivalent polymers, systematically examining how multivalent scaffold size, shape, and spacing affect their collective thermodynamics. Investigating the interplay of polymer structure and supramolecular group stoichiometry reveals complicated but rationally describable trends that demonstrate how the supramolecular scaffold design can modulate the strength of multivalent interactions. This approach to self-assembled supramolecular materials thus allows for the manipulation of polymer-nanoparticle composites with controlled thermal stability, nanoparticle organization, and tailored meso- to microscopic structures. The sophisticated control of multivalent thermodynamics through precise modulation of the nanoscale scaffold geometry represents a significant advance in the ability to rationally design complex hierarchically structured materials via self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl J Thrasher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Fei Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daryl W Yee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joshua M Kubiak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Margaret S Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michika Onoda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - A John Hart
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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4
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Zhang C, Peng H, Waite JH, Zhao Q. Coacervate Phase Evolution and Membrane Formation in Natural Seawater. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2219-2226. [PMID: 38207218 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Marine organisms produce biological materials through the complex self-assembly of protein condensates in seawater, but our understanding of the mechanisms of microstructure evolution and maturation remains incomplete. Here, we show that critical processing attributes of mussel holdfast proteins can be captured by the design of an amphiphilic, fluorescent polymer (PECHIA) consisting of a polyepichlorohydrin backbone grafted with 1-imidazolium acetonitrile. Aqueous solutions of PECHIA were extruded into seawater, wherein the charge repulsion of PECHIA is screened by high salinity, facilitating interfacial condensation via enhanced "cation-dipole" interactions. Diffusion of seawater into the PECHIA solution caused droplets to form immiscibly within the PECHIA phase (i.e., inverse coacervation). Simultaneously, weakly alkaline seawater catalyzes nitrile cyclization and time-dependent solidification of the PECHIA phase, leading to hierarchically porous membranes analogous to porous architectures in mussel plaques. In contrast to conventional polymer processing technologies, processing of this biomimetic polymer required neither organic solvents nor heating and enabled the template-free production of hollow spheres and fibers over a wide range of salinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huawen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - J Herbert Waite
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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5
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Li C, Zhao J, Gao X, Hao C, Hu S, Qu A, Sun M, Kuang H, Xu C, Xu L. Chiral Iron Oxide Supraparticles Enable Enantiomer-Dependent Tumor-Targeted Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2308198. [PMID: 37721365 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The chemical, physical and biological effects of chiral nanomaterials have inspired general interest and demonstrated important advantages in fundamental science. Here, chiral iron oxide supraparticles (Fe3 O4 SPs) modified by chiral penicillamine (Pen) molecules with g-factor of ≈2 × 10-3 at 415 nm are fabricated, and these SPs act as high-quality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Therein, the transverse relaxation efficiency and T2 -MRI results demonstrated chiral Fe3 O4 SPs have a r2 relaxivity of 157.39 ± 2.34 mM-1 ·S-1 for D-Fe3 O4 SPs and 136.21 ± 1.26 mM-1 ·S-1 for L-Fe3 O4 SPs due to enhanced electronic transition dipole moment for D-Fe3 O4 SPs compared with L-Fe3 O4 SPs. The in vivo MRI results show that D-Fe3 O4 SPs exhibit two-fold lower contrast ratio than L-Fe3 O4 SPs, which enhances targeted enrichment in tumor tissue, such as prostate cancer, melanoma and brain glioma tumors. Notably, it is found that D-Fe3 O4 SPs have 7.7-fold higher affinity for the tumor cell surface receptor cluster-of-differentiation 47 (CD47) than L-Fe3 O4 SPs. These findings uncover that chiral Fe3 O4 SPs act as a highly effective MRI contrast agent for targeting and imaging broad tumors, thus accelerating the practical application of chiral nanomaterials and deepening the understanding of chirality in biological and non-biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, P. R. China
| | - Changlong Hao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Shudong Hu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Qu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Maozhong Sun
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Liguang Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
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6
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Hueckel T, Luo X, Aly OF, Macfarlane RJ. Nanoparticle Brushes: Macromolecular Ligands for Materials Synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2023. [PMID: 37390490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusColloidal nanoparticles have unique attributes that can be used to synthesize materials with exotic properties, but leveraging these properties requires fine control over the particles' interactions with one another and their surrounding environment. Small molecules adsorbed on a nanoparticle's surface have traditionally served as ligands to govern these interactions, providing a means of ensuring colloidal stability and dictating the particles' assembly behavior. Alternatively, nanoscience is increasingly interested in instead using macromolecular ligands that form well-defined polymer brushes, as these brushes provide a much more tailorable surface ligand with significantly greater versatility in both composition and ligand size. While initial research in this area is promising, synthesizing macromolecules that can appropriately form brush architectures remains a barrier to their more widespread use and limits understanding of the fundamental chemical and physical principles that influence brush-grafted particles' ability to form functional materials. Therefore, enhancing the capabilities of polymer-grafted nanoparticles as tools for materials synthesis requires a multidisciplinary effort, with specific focus on both developing new synthetic routes to polymer-brush-coated nanoparticles and investigating the structure-property relationships the brush enables.In this Account, we describe our recent work in developing polymer brush coatings for nanoparticles, which we use to modulate particle behavior on demand, select specific nanoscopic architectures to form, and bolster traditional bulk polymers to form stronger materials by design. Distinguished by the polymer type and capabilities, three classes of nanoparticles are discussed here: nanocomposite tectons (NCTs), which use synthetic polymers end-functionalized with supramolecular recognition groups capable of directing their assembly; programmable atom equivalents (PAEs) containing brushes of synthetic DNA that employ Watson-Crick base pairing to encode particle binding interactions; and cross-linkable nanoparticles (XNPs) that can both stabilize nanoparticles in solution and polymer matrices and subsequently form multivalent cross-links to strengthen polymer composites. We describe the formation of these brushes through "grafting-from" and "grafting-to" strategies and illustrate aspects that are important for future advancement. We also examine the new capabilities brushes provide, looking closely at dynamic polymer processes that provide control over the assembly state of particles. Finally, we provide a brief overview of the technological applications of nanoparticles with polymer brushes, focusing on the integration of nanoparticles into traditional materials and the processing of nanoparticles into bulk solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Hueckel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Omar F Aly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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7
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Dhulipala S, Yee DW, Zhou Z, Sun R, Andrade JE, Macfarlane RJ, Portela CM. Tunable Mechanical Response of Self-Assembled Nanoparticle Superlattices. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37216440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled nanoparticle superlattices (NPSLs) are an emergent class of self-architected nanocomposite materials that possess promising properties arising from precise nanoparticle ordering. Their multiple coupled properties make them desirable as functional components in devices where mechanical robustness is critical. However, questions remain about NPSL mechanical properties and how shaping them affects their mechanical response. Here, we perform in situ nanomechanical experiments that evidence up to an 11-fold increase in stiffness (∼1.49 to 16.9 GPa) and a 5-fold increase in strength (∼88 to 426 MPa) because of surface stiffening/strengthening from shaping these nanomaterials via focused-ion-beam milling. To predict the mechanical properties of shaped NPSLs, we present discrete element method (DEM) simulations and an analytical core-shell model that capture the FIB-induced stiffening response. This work presents a route for tunable mechanical responses of self-architected NPSLs and provides two frameworks to predict their mechanical response and guide the design of future NPSL-containing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayajulu Dhulipala
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daryl W Yee
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ziran Zhou
- Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Rachel Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - José E Andrade
- Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Carlos M Portela
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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8
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Liu M, Yang M, Wan X, Tang Z, Jiang L, Wang S. From Nanoscopic to Macroscopic Materials by Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticle Aggregation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208995. [PMID: 36409139 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive nanoparticle (NP) aggregation plays an increasingly important role in regulating NP assembly into microscopic superstructures, macroscopic 2D, and 3D functional materials. Diverse external stimuli are widely used to adjust the aggregation of responsive NPs, such as light, temperature, pH, electric, and magnetic fields. Many unique structures based on responsive NPs are constructed including disordered aggregates, ordered superlattices, structural droplets, colloidosomes, and bulk solids. In this review, the strategies for NP aggregation by external stimuli, and their recent progress ranging from nanoscale aggregates, microscale superstructures to macroscale bulk materials along the length scales as well as their applications are summarized. The future opportunities and challenges for designing functional materials through NP aggregation at different length scales are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Man Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xizi Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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9
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Du Y, Zhang Y, Jin J, Xiao S, Liang H, Jiang W. Topology-Directed Self-Locking of Colloidal Suprastructures. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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10
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Yee DW, Lee MS, An J, Macfarlane RJ. Reversible Diffusionless Phase Transitions in 3D Nanoparticle Superlattices. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6051-6056. [PMID: 36898204 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite tectons (NCTs), polymer brush-grafted nanoparticles that use supramolecular interactions to drive their assembly, form ordered nanoparticle superlattices (NPSLs) with well-defined unit cell symmetries when thermally annealed. In this work, we demonstrate that appropriate assembly and processing conditions can also enable control over the microstructure of NCT lattices by balancing the enthalpic and entropic factors associated with ligand packing and supramolecular bonding during crystallization. Unary systems of NCTs are assembled via the addition of a small molecule capable of binding to multiple nanoparticle ligands; these NCTs initially form face-centered-cubic (FCC) structures in solvents that are favorable for the particles' polymer brushes. However, the FCC lattices undergo a reversible, diffusionless phase transition to body-centered-cubic (BCC) lattices when transferred to a solvent that induces polymer brush collapse. The BCC superlattices maintain the same crystal habit as the parent FCC phase but exhibit significant transformation twinning similar to that seen in martensitic alloys. This previously unseen diffusionless phase transformation in NPSLs enables unique microstructural features in the resulting assemblies, suggesting that NPSLs could serve as models for the investigation of microstructural evolution in crystalline systems and extend our understanding of NPSLs as atomic material analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl W Yee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Margaret S Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joyce An
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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11
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Lee MS, Yee DW, Kubiak JM, Santos PJ, Macfarlane RJ. Improving nanoparticle superlattice stability with deformable polymer gels. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:064901. [PMID: 36792494 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of colloidal nanoparticles into ordered superlattices typically uses dynamic interactions to govern particle crystallization, as these non-permanent bonds prevent the formation of kinetically trapped, disordered aggregates. However, while the use of reversible bonding is critical in the formation of highly ordered particle arrangements, dynamic interactions also inherently make the structures more prone to disassembly or disruption when subjected to different environmental stimuli. Thus, there is typically a trade-off between the ability to initially form an ordered colloidal material and the ability of that material to retain its order under different conditions. Here, we present a method for embedding colloidal nanoparticle superlattices into a polymer gel matrix. This encapsulation strategy physically prevents the nanoparticles from dissociating upon heating, drying, or the introduction of chemicals that would normally disrupt the lattice. However, the use of a gel as the embedding medium still permits further modification of the colloidal nanoparticle lattice by introducing stimuli that deform the gel network (as this deformation in turn alters the nanoparticle lattice structure in a predictable manner). Moreover, encapsulation of the lattice within a gel permits further stabilization into fully solid materials by removing the solvent from the gel or by replacing the solvent with a liquid monomer that can be photopolymerized. This embedding method therefore makes it possible to incorporate ordered colloidal arrays into a polymer matrix as either dynamic or static structures, expanding their potential for use in responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Daryl W Yee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Joshua M Kubiak
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Peter J Santos
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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12
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Chen Y, El-Ghazaly A. Self-Assembly of Magnetic Nanochains in an Intrinsic Magnetic Dipole Force-Dominated Regime. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205079. [PMID: 36504439 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticle chains offer the anisotropic magnetic properties that are often desirable for micro- and nanoscale systems; however, to date, large-scale fabrication of these nanochains is limited by the need for an external magnetic field during the synthesis. In this work, the unique self-assembly of nanoparticles into chains as a result of their intrinsic dipolar interactions only is examined. In particular, it is shown that in a high concentration reaction regime, the dipole-dipole coupling between two neighboring magnetic iron cobalt (FeCo) nanocubes, was significantly strengthened due to small separation between particles and their high magnetic moments. This dipole-dipole interaction enables the independent alignment and synthesis of magnetic FeCo nanochains without the assistance of any templates, surfactants, or even external magnetic field. Furthermore, the precursor concentration ([M] = 0.016, 0.021, 0.032, 0.048, 0.064, and 0.096 m) that dictates the degree of dipole interaction is examined-a property dependent on particle size and inter-particle distance. By varying the spinner speed, it is demonstrated that the balance between magnetic dipole coupling and fluid dynamics can be used to understand the self-assembly process and control the final structural topology from that of dimers to linear chains (with aspect ratio >10:1) and even to branched networks. Simulations unveil the magnetic and fluid force landscapes that determine the individual nanoparticle interactions and provide a general insight into predicting the resulting nanochain morphology. This work uncovers the enormous potential of an intrinsic magnetic dipole-induced assembly, which is expected to open new doors for efficient fabrication of 1D magnetic materials, and the potential for more complex assemblies with further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Amal El-Ghazaly
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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13
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Sasaki SS, Udalov OG, Kurish JA, Ishii M, Beloborodov IS, Tolbert SH. Tuning Exchange Coupling in a New Family of Nanocrystal-Based Granular Multiferroics Using an Applied Electric Field. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16505-16514. [PMID: 35353487 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate an experimental realization of a granular multiferroic composite, where the magnetic state of a nanocrystal array is modified by tuning the interparticle exchange coupling using an applied electric field. Previous theoretical models of a granular multiferroic composite predicted a unique magnetoelectric coupling mechanism, in which the magnetic spins of the ensemble are governed by interparticle exchange. The extent of these exchange interactions can be controlled by varying the local dielectric environment between grains. We specifically utilize the strong dielectric dependence of ferroelectric materials to modify the interparticle coupling of closely spaced magnetic nanoparticles using either a change in temperature or an electric field. This coupling modifies the ensemble magnetic coercivity and thus the superparamagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition temperature. Through the use of two different ferroelectrics, our results suggest that this magnetoelectric coupling mechanism could be generalized as a new class of multiferroic material, applicable to a broad range of ferroelectric/magnetic nanocrystal composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Oleg G Udalov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, United States
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures RAS, Nizhny Novgorod 603087, Russia
| | - Jeffrey A Kurish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Momoko Ishii
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Igor S Beloborodov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, United States
| | - Sarah H Tolbert
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- The California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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14
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Xia J, Lee M, Santos PJ, Horst N, Macfarlane RJ, Guo H, Travesset A. Nanocomposite tectons as unifying systems for nanoparticle assembly. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2176-2192. [PMID: 35212698 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01738a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite tectons (NCTs) are nanocomposite building blocks consisting of nanoparticle cores functionalized with a polymer brush, where each polymer chain terminates in a supramolecular recognition group capable of driving particle assembly. Like other ligand-driven nanoparticle assembly schemes (for example those using DNA-hybridization or solvent evaporation), NCTs are able to make colloidal crystal structures with precise particle organization in three dimensions. However, despite the similarity of NCT assembly to other methods of engineering ordered particle arrays, the crystallographic symmetries of assembled NCTs are significantly different. In this study, we provide a detailed characterization of the dynamics of hybridizations through universal (independent of microscopic details) parameters. We perform rigorous free energy calculations and identify the persistence length of the ligand as the critical parameter accounting for the differences in the phase diagrams of NCTs and other assembly methods driven by hydrogen bond hybridizations. We also report new experiments to provide direct verification for the predictions. We conclude by discussing the role of non-equilibrium effects and illustrating how NCTs provide a unification of the two most successful strategies for nanoparticle assembly: solvent evaporation and DNA programmable assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshe Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Margaret Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Peter J Santos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Nathan Horst
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Hongxia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Alex Travesset
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University and Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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15
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Deng Y, Xi X, Xia Y, Cao Y, Xue S, Wan S, Dong A, Yang D. 2D FeP Nanoframe Superlattices via Space-Confined Topochemical Transformation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109145. [PMID: 34982834 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled nanocrystal superlattices represent an emergent class of designer materials with potentially programmable functionalities. The ability to construct hierarchically structured nanocrystal superlattices with tailored geometry and porosity is critical for extending their applications. Here, 2D superlattices comprising monolayer FeP nanoframes are synthesized through a space-confined topochemical transformation approach induced by the Kirkendall effect, using carbon-coated Fe3 O4 nanocube superlattices as a precursor. The particle shape and the close-packed nature of Fe3 O4 nanocubes as well as the interconnected carbon layer network contribute to the topochemical transformation process. The resulting 2D FeP nanoframe superlattices possess several unique and advantageous structural features that are unavailable in conventional 3D nanocrystal superlattices, which make them particularly attractive for catalytic applications. As a proof of concept, such 2D FeP nanoframe superlattices are harnessed as highly efficient and durable electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction, the performance of which is superior to that of most FeP-based catalysts reported previously. This topochemical transformation approach is scalable and general, representing a new route of designing hierarchical superlattices with highly open features that cannot be accessible by traditional self-assembly methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiangyun Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecule Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecule Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yangfei Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shuqing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecule Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Siyu Wan
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Angang Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecule Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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16
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Lee MS, Yee DW, Ye M, Macfarlane RJ. Nanoparticle Assembly as a Materials Development Tool. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3330-3346. [PMID: 35171596 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle assembly is a complex and versatile method of generating new materials, capable of using thousands of different combinations of particle size, shape, composition, and ligand chemistry to generate a library of unique structures. Here, a history of particle self-assembly as a strategy for materials discovery is presented, focusing on key advances in both synthesis and measurement of emergent properties to describe the current state of the field. Several key challenges for further advancement of nanoparticle assembly are also outlined, establishing a roadmap of critical research areas to enable the next generation of nanoparticle-based materials synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret S Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 13-5056 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daryl W Yee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 13-5056 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 13-5056 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, 13-5056 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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17
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Ryu C, Lee H, Kim H, Hwang S, Hadadian Y, Mohanty A, Park IK, Cho B, Yoon J, Lee JY. Highly Optimized Iron Oxide Embedded Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Effective Magnetic Hyperthermia and Biosecurity. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:31-44. [PMID: 35023918 PMCID: PMC8743620 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s344257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) have attracted considerable attention for various biomedical applications owing to their ease of synthesis, strong magnetic properties, and biocompatibility. In particular, IONPs can generate heat under an alternating magnetic field, the effects of which have been extensively studied for magnetic hyperthermia therapy. However, the development of IONPs with high heating efficiency, biocompatibility, and colloidal stability in physiological environments is still required for their safe and effective application in biomedical fields. Methods We synthesized magnetic IONP/polymer nanocomposites (MNCs) by embedding IONPs in a poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) matrix via nanoemulsion. The IONP contents (Fe: 9–22 [w/w]%) in MNCs were varied to investigate their effects on the magnetic and hyperthermia performances based on their optimal interparticle interactions. Further, we explored the stability, cytocompatibility, biodistribution, and in vivo tissue compatibility of the MNCs. Results The MNCs showed enhanced heating efficiency with over two-fold increase compared to nonembedded bare IONPs. The relationship between the IONP content and heating performance in MNCs was nonmonotonous. The highest heating performance was obtained from MNC2, which contain 13% Fe (w/w), implying that interparticle interactions in MNCs can be optimized to achieve high heating performance. In addition, the MNCs exhibited good colloidal stability under physiological conditions and maintained their heating efficiency during 48 h of incubation in cell culture medium. Both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed excellent biocompatibility of the MNC. Conclusion Our nanocomposites, comprising biocompatible IONPs and PLA, display improved heating efficiency, good colloidal stability, and cytocompatibility, and thus will be beneficial for diverse biomedical applications, including magnetic hyperthermia for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiseon Ryu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangjae Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hohyeon Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hwang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaser Hadadian
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Research Center for Nanorobotics in Brain, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Beongki Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Yoon
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Research Center for Nanorobotics in Brain, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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18
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Yuan C, Käfer F, Ober CK. Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles (PGNs) with Adjustable Graft-Density and Interparticle Hydrogen Bonding Interaction. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 43:e2100629. [PMID: 34743391 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNs) receive great attention because they possess the advantages of both the grafted polymer and inorganic cores, and thus demonstrate superior optical, electronic, and mechanical properties. Thus, PGNs with tailorable interparticle interactions are indispensable for the formation of a superlattice with a defined and ordered structure. In this work, the synthesis of PGNs is reported which can form interparticle hydrogen-bonding to enhance the formation of well-defined 2D nanoparticle arrays. Various polymers, including poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VP), poly(dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate) (PDMAEMA), and poly(4-acetoxy styrene) (PAcS), are attached to silica cores by a "grafting from" in a mini emulsion-like synthesis approach. SiO2 -PAcS brushes are deprotected by hydrazinolysis and converted into poly(4-vinyl phenol) (PVP), containing hydroxyl groups as potential hydrogen-bonding donor sites. Understanding and controlling interparticle interactions by varying grafting density in the range of 10-2 -10-3 chain nm-2 , and the formation of interparticle hydrogen bonding relevant for self-assembly of PGNs and potential formation of PGN superlattice structures are the motivations for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyun Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Florian Käfer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Christopher K Ober
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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19
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Lee MS, Alexander-Katz A, Macfarlane RJ. Nanoparticle Assembly in High Polymer Concentration Solutions Increases Superlattice Stability. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102107. [PMID: 34319651 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites are made by combining a nanoscale filler with a polymer matrix, where polymer-particle interactions can enhance matrix properties and introduce behaviors distinct from either component. Manipulating particle organization within a composite potentially allows for better control over polymer-particle interactions, and the formation of ordered arrays can introduce new, emergent properties not observed in random composites. However, self-assembly of ordered particle arrays typically requires weak interparticle interactions to prevent kinetic traps, making these assemblies incompatible with most conventional processing techniques. As a result, more fundamental investigations are needed into methods to provide additional stability to these lattices without disrupting their internal organization. The authors show that the addition of free polymer chains to the assembly solution is a simple means to increase the stability of nanoparticle superlattices against thermal dissociation. By adding high concentrations (>50 mg mL-1 ) of free polymer to nanoparticle superlattices, it is possible to significantly elevate their thermal stability without adversely affecting ordering. Moreover, polymer topology, molecular weight, and concentration can also be used as independent design handles to tune this behavior. Collectively, this work allows for a wider range of processing conditions for generating future nanocomposites with complete control over particle organization within the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alfredo Alexander-Katz
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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20
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Zhong H, Zhao B, Deng J. Chiral magnetic hybrid materials constructed from macromolecules and their chiral applications. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:11765-11780. [PMID: 34231630 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01939b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental and ubiquitous feature of living organisms in nature. Magnetic materials, in particular magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), show some interesting properties such as large specific surface area, easy surface modification, magnetic responsivity and separation ability. Integrating MNPs with chirality in a single material will undoubtedly create a large number of advanced multi-functional materials. Despite the great advancements made in this area, there have been no review articles to summarize the relevant studies. The present work reviews the major progress recently made in constructing chiral magnetic hybrid materials (CMHMs) using macromolecules, which are classified based on the primary chiral macromolecular organic components, namely, biological polymers and synthetic polymers, and the applications of the resulting chiral hybrids in chiral research fields, including asymmetric catalysis, enzymatic resolution, chromatographic separation, enantioselective crystallization and enantioselective adsorption, are also summarized. The challenges and prospects of related research fields are proposed in the last section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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21
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Macroscopic materials assembled from nanoparticle superlattices. Nature 2021; 591:586-591. [PMID: 33762767 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle assembly has been proposed as an ideal means to program the hierarchical organization of a material by using a selection of nanoscale components to build the entire material from the bottom up. Multiscale structural control is highly desirable because chemical composition, nanoscale ordering, microstructure and macroscopic form all affect physical properties1,2. However, the chemical interactions that typically dictate nanoparticle ordering3-5 do not inherently provide any means to manipulate structure at larger length scales6-9. Nanoparticle-based materials development therefore requires processing strategies to tailor micro- and macrostructure without sacrificing their self-assembled nanoscale arrangements. Here we demonstrate methods to rapidly assemble gram-scale quantities of faceted nanoparticle superlattice crystallites that can be further shaped into macroscopic objects in a manner analogous to the sintering of bulk solids. The key advance of this method is that the chemical interactions that govern nanoparticle assembly remain active during the subsequent processing steps, which enables the local nanoscale ordering of the particles to be preserved as the macroscopic materials are formed. The nano- and microstructure of the bulk solids can be tuned as a function of the size, chemical makeup and crystallographic symmetry of the superlattice crystallites, and the micro- and macrostructures can be controlled via subsequent processing steps. This work therefore provides a versatile method to simultaneously control structural organization across the molecular to macroscopic length scales.
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22
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Urbach ZJ, Park SS, Weigand SL, Rix JE, Lee B, Mirkin CA. Probing the Consequences of Cubic Particle Shape and Applied Field on Colloidal Crystal Engineering with DNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Urbach
- Department of Chemistry International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Sarah S. Park
- Department of Chemistry International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Steven L. Weigand
- DND-CAT Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory ANL Bldg. 432, 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - James E. Rix
- DND-CAT Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory ANL Bldg. 432, 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
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23
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Veloso SR, Andrade RG, Castanheira EM. Review on the advancements of magnetic gels: towards multifunctional magnetic liposome-hydrogel composites for biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 288:102351. [PMID: 33387893 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic gels have been gaining great attention in nanomedicine, as they combine features of hydrogels and magnetic nanoparticles into a single system. The incorporation of liposomes in magnetic gels further leads to a more robust multifunctional system enabling more functions and spatiotemporal control required for biomedical applications, which includes on-demand drug release. In this review, magnetic gels components are initially introduced, as well as an overview of advancements on the development, tuneability, manipulation and application of these materials. After a discussion of the advantages of combining hydrogels with liposomes, the properties, fabrication strategies and applications of magnetic liposome-hydrogel composites (magnetic lipogels or magnetolipogels) are reviewed. Overall, the progress of magnetic gels towards smart multifunctional materials are emphasized, considering the contributions for future developments.
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24
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Wang Y, Desroches GJ, Macfarlane RJ. Ordered polymer composite materials: challenges and opportunities. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:426-443. [PMID: 33367442 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07547g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites containing nanoscale fillers are an important class of materials due to their ability to access a wide variety of properties as a function of their composition. In order to take full advantage of these properties, it is critical to control the distribution of nanofillers within the parent polymer matrix, as this structural organization affects how the two constituent components interact with one another. In particular, new methods for generating ordered arrays of nanofillers represent a key underexplored research area, as emergent properties arising from nanoscale ordering can be used to introduce novel functionality currently inaccessible in random composites. The knowledge gained from developing such methods will provide important insight into the thermodynamics and kinetics associated with nanomaterial and polymer assembly. These insights will not only benefit researchers working on new composite materials, but will also deepen our understanding of soft matter systems in general. In this review, we summarize contemporary research efforts in manipulating nanofiller organization in polymer nanocomposites and highlight future challenges and opportunities for constructing ordered nanocomposite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Griffen J Desroches
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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25
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Bai X, Wang C, Wang X, Jia T, Sun B, Yang S, Li D, Li J, Li H. Strong electron affinity PDI supramolecules form anion radicals for the degradation of organic pollutants via direct electrophilic attack. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01982h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Strong electron affinity PDI supramolecules degrade organic pollutants efficiently through directly electrophilic attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- China
| | - Xuyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- China
| | - Tianqi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- China
| | - Boxuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- China
| | - Shengqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- China
| | - Di Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Junqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
| | - Haiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
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26
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Urbach ZJ, Park SS, Weigand SL, Rix JE, Lee B, Mirkin CA. Probing the Consequences of Cubic Particle Shape and Applied Field on Colloidal Crystal Engineering with DNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:4065-4069. [PMID: 33350557 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In a magnetic field, cubic Fe3 O4 nanoparticles exhibit assembly behavior that is a consequence of a competition between magnetic dipole-dipole and ligand interactions. In most cases, the interactions between short hydrophobic ligands dominate and dictate assembly outcome. To better tune the face-to-face interactions, cubic Fe3 O4 nanoparticles were functionalized with DNA. Their assembly behaviors were investigated both with and without an applied magnetic field. Upon application of a field, the tilted orientation of cubes, enabled by the flexible DNA ligand shell, led to an unexpected crystallographic alignment of the entire superlattice, as opposed to just the individual particles, along the field direction as revealed by small and wide-angle X-ray scattering. This observation is dependent upon DNA length and sequence and cube dimensions. Taken together, these studies show how combining physical and chemical control can expand the possibilities of crystal engineering with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Urbach
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sarah S Park
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Steven L Weigand
- DND-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, ANL Bldg. 432, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - James E Rix
- DND-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, ANL Bldg. 432, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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27
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Lee YH, Shi W, Yang Y, Kao YC, Lee HK, Chu R, Pang YL, Lay CL, Li S, Ling XY. Modulating Orientational Order to Organize Polyhedral Nanoparticles into Plastic Crystals and Uniform Metacrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21183-21189. [PMID: 32767617 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In nanoparticle self-assembly, the current lack of strategy to modulate orientational order creates challenges in isolating large-area plastic crystals. Here, we achieve two orientationally distinct supercrystals using one nanoparticle shape, including plastic crystals and uniform metacrystals. Our approach integrates multi-faceted Archimedean polyhedra with molecular-level surface polymeric interactions to tune nanoparticle orientational order during self-assembly. Experiments and simulations show that coiled surface polymer chains limit interparticle interactions, creating various geometrical configurations among Archimedean polyhedra to form plastic crystals. In contrast, brush-like polymer chains enable molecular interdigitation between neighboring particles, favoring consistent particle configurations and result in uniform metacrystals. Our strategy enhances supercrystal diversity for polyhedra comprising multiple nondegenerate facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih Hong Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Yang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Ya-Chuan Kao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Hiang Kwee Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rongrong Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Yee Ling Pang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chee Leng Lay
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Shuzhou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xing Yi Ling
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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Lee YH, Shi W, Yang Y, Kao Y, Lee HK, Chu R, Pang YL, Lay CL, Li S, Ling XY. Modulating Orientational Order to Organize Polyhedral Nanoparticles into Plastic Crystals and Uniform Metacrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yih Hong Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of Materials Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Yijie Yang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Ya‐Chuan Kao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Hiang Kwee Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Rongrong Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of Materials Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin 300387 P. R. China
| | - Yee Ling Pang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Chee Leng Lay
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Shuzhou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Xing Yi Ling
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
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