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Cao D, Xia S, Li L, Zeng H, Li CJ. PPh 3-Promoted Direct Deoxygenation of Epoxides to Alkenes. Org Lett 2024; 26:6418-6423. [PMID: 39046430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Deoxygenation of epoxides into alkenes is one of the most important strategies in organic synthesis, biomass conversions, and medicinal chemistry. Although metal-catalyzed direct deoxygenation provides one of the most commonly encountered protocols for the conversion of epoxides to alkenes, the requirement of expensive catalysts and extra reductants has largely limited their universal applicability. Herein, we report an efficient PPh3-promoted metal-free strategy for deoxygenation of epoxides to generate alkene derivatives. The success of deoxyalkenylation of epoxides bearing a wide range of functional groups to give terminal, 1,1-disubstituted, and 1,2-disubstituted alkenes manifests the powerfulness and versatility of this strategy. Moreover, gram-scale synthesis with excellent yield and modification of biologically active molecules exemplifies its generality and practicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Technology Research and Development Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lakes Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Shumei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Technology Research and Development Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lakes Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Lijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Technology Research and Development Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lakes Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Huiying Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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Xia D, Li T, Ke XY, Wang J, Luan X, Ni SF, Zhang Y, Zhang WD. Acetone Serving as a Solvent and Interaction Partner Promotes the Direct Olefination of N-Tosylhydrazones under Visible Light. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6180-6192. [PMID: 38632865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The photochemistry of noncovalent interactions to promote organic transformations is an emerging approach to providing fresh opportunities in synthetic chemistry. Generally, the external substance is necessary to add as an interaction partner, thereby sacrificing the atom economy of the reaction. Herein, we describe a catalyst-free and noncovalent interaction-mediated strategy to access the olefination of N-tosylhydrazones using acetone as a solvent and an interaction partner. This protocol also features broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility, and mild reaction conditions without transition metals. Moreover, the gram-scale synthesis of olefins and the generation of pharmaceutical intermediates highlighted its practical applicability. Lastly, mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction was initiated via noncovalent interactions between acetone and N-tosylhydrazone anion, which is also supported by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xin-Yan Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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Hou J, Han X, Zhang Y, Huang J, Wang J, Yuan K. Triflic Acid/Silane Promoted Deoxygenative Transformation of Ketones via Carbocations. Org Lett 2023; 25:5709-5713. [PMID: 37527406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Deoxygenative transformation of ketones into value-added products often suffers from precious-metal-based catalysts or complicated operational conditions. Triflic acid and silane serve as a cooperative reductant to transform ketones via carbocations that undergo β-H elimination much faster than hydride transfer from silane to produce alkenes with high selectivity. Alternatively, the presence of indoles would incept the protonated ketones to generate carbocations, allowing access to Csp2-Csp3 bond formation with high reactivity and selectivity in "one pot".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Xue Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Kedong Yuan
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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Li CJ. HOME-Chemistry: hydrazone as organo-metallic equivalent. PURE APPL CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2022-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The modern synthetic chemistry heavily relies on the use of stoichiometric organometallic reagents to react with various electrophiles. The dependence on stoichiometric quantities of metals and often organic halides as precursors, in turn both produces copious amounts of metal halide wastes as well as leads to concerns on future metal sustainability. Inspired by the classical Wolff-Kishner reduction, our lab has recently developed a general strategy of
HOME-Chemistry
, directly using naturally abundant alcohols/aldehydes and ketones as feedstocks with the releasing of innocuous water and nitrogen gas. These reactions include 1,2-carbonyl/imine addition, conjugate addition, carboxylation, olefination, cross-coupling arylation/allylation, alkylation, hydroalkylation and C-heteroatom formations. This article provides a brief summary on this chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, and FQRNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West , Montreal , Quebec H3A0B8 , Canada
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