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Xia Q, Perera HA, Bolarinho R, Piskulich ZA, Guo Z, Yin J, He H, Li M, Ge X, Cui Q, Ramström O, Yan M, Cheng JX. Click-free imaging of carbohydrate trafficking in live cells using an azido photothermal probe. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadq0294. [PMID: 39167637 PMCID: PMC11338237 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adq0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Real-time tracking of intracellular carbohydrates remains challenging. While click chemistry allows bio-orthogonal tagging with fluorescent probes, the reaction permanently alters the target molecule and only allows a single snapshot. Here, we demonstrate click-free mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) imaging of azide-tagged carbohydrates in live cells. Leveraging the micromolar detection sensitivity for 6-azido-trehalose (TreAz) and the 300-nm spatial resolution of MIP imaging, the trehalose recycling pathway in single mycobacteria, from cytoplasmic uptake to membrane localization, is directly visualized. A peak shift of azide in MIP spectrum further uncovers interactions between TreAz and intracellular protein. MIP mapping of unreacted azide after click reaction reveals click chemistry heterogeneity within a bacterium. Broader applications of azido photothermal probes to visualize the initial steps of the Leloir pathway in yeasts and the newly synthesized glycans in mammalian cells are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Harini A. Perera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Rylie Bolarinho
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Zhongyue Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jiaze Yin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hongjian He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mingsheng Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xiaowei Ge
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Qiang Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Mingdi Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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2
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Kozobkova NV, Samtsov MP, Lugovski AP, Bel’ko NV, Tarasov DS, Kaprelyants AS, Savitsky AP, Shleeva MO. Photoinactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis by Near-Infrared Radiation Using a Trehalose-Conjugated Heptamethine Cyanine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8505. [PMID: 39126073 PMCID: PMC11313374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The spread of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium strains requires the development of new approaches to combat diseases caused by these pathogens. For that, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising approach. In this study, a tricarbocyanine (TCC) is used for the first time as a near-infrared (740 nm) activatable PDI photosensitizer to kill mycobacteria with deep light penetration. For better targeting, a novel tricarbocyanine dye functionalized with two trehalose units (TCC2Tre) is developed. The photodynamic effect of the conjugates against mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is evaluated. Under irradiation, TCC2Tre causes more effective killing of mycobacteria compared to the photosensitizer without trehalose conjugation, with 99.99% dead vegetative cells of M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis. In addition, effective photoinactivation of dormant forms of M. smegmatis is observed after incubation with TCC2Tre. Mycobacteria treated with TCC2Tre are more sensitive to 740 nm light than the Gram-positive Micrococcus luteus and the Gram-negative Escherichia coli. For the first time, this study demonstrates the proof of principle of in vitro PDI of mycobacteria including the fast-growing M. smegmatis and the slow-growing M. tuberculosis using near-infrared activatable photosensitizers conjugated with trehalose. These findings are useful for the development of new efficient alternatives to antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya V. Kozobkova
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre ‘Fundamentals of Biotechnology’ of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Michael P. Samtsov
- A.N. Sevchenko Institute of Applied Physical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220045 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Anatol P. Lugovski
- A.N. Sevchenko Institute of Applied Physical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220045 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Nikita V. Bel’ko
- A.N. Sevchenko Institute of Applied Physical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220045 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Dmitri S. Tarasov
- A.N. Sevchenko Institute of Applied Physical Problems of the Belarusian State University, 220045 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Arseny S. Kaprelyants
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre ‘Fundamentals of Biotechnology’ of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Alexander P. Savitsky
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre ‘Fundamentals of Biotechnology’ of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Margarita O. Shleeva
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre ‘Fundamentals of Biotechnology’ of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
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3
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Stavropoulou K, Papanastasiou IP. Overview of Small Molecules as Fluorescent Probes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:31220-31227. [PMID: 39072060 PMCID: PMC11270572 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious causes of death worldwide. Detecting and precisely quantifying viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is crucial for comprehending mycobacterial pathogenicity; the progression and outcomes of tuberculosis; and the action, efficacy, and resistance of drugs. Fluorescent probes have emerged as indispensable tools for studying the intricate structure and dynamic interactions of M. tuberculosis with its host environment. This minireview underscores the significance of small molecules as fluorescent probes in advancing our understanding of mycobacterial biology and highlights their potential for guiding the development of novel therapeutic interventions against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Stavropoulou
- Division of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P. Papanastasiou
- Division of Pharmaceutical
Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli-Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece
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4
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Wuo MG, Dulberger CL, Warner TC, Brown RA, Sturm A, Ultee E, Bloom-Ackermann Z, Choi C, Zhu J, Garner EC, Briegel A, Hung DT, Rubin EJ, Kiessling LL. Fluorogenic Probes of the Mycobacterial Membrane as Reporters of Antibiotic Action. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17669-17678. [PMID: 38905328 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The genus Mycobacterium includes species such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can cause deadly human diseases. These bacteria have a protective cell envelope that can be remodeled to facilitate their survival in challenging conditions. Understanding how such conditions affect membrane remodeling can facilitate antibiotic discovery and treatment. To this end, we describe an optimized fluorogenic probe, N-QTF, that reports on mycolyltransferase activity, which is vital for cell division and remodeling. N-QTF is a glycolipid probe that can reveal dynamic changes in the mycobacterial cell envelope in both fast- and slow-growing mycobacterial species. Using this probe to monitor the consequences of antibiotic treatment uncovered distinct cellular phenotypes. Even antibiotics that do not directly inhibit cell envelope biosynthesis cause conspicuous phenotypes. For instance, mycobacteria exposed to the RNA polymerase inhibitor rifampicin release fluorescent extracellular vesicles (EVs). While all mycobacteria release EVs, fluorescent EVs were detected only in the presence of RIF, indicating that exposure to the drug alters EV content. Macrophages exposed to the EVs derived from RIF-treated cells released lower levels of cytokines, suggesting the EVs moderate immune responses. These data suggest that antibiotics can alter EV content to impact immunity. Our ability to see such changes in EV constituents directly results from exploiting these chemical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Wuo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Charles L Dulberger
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 52 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Theodore C Warner
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert A Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Alexander Sturm
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Eveline Ultee
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Rapenburg 70, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zohar Bloom-Ackermann
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Catherine Choi
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Junhao Zhu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ethan C Garner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 52 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ariane Briegel
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Rapenburg 70, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah T Hung
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Eric J Rubin
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Laura L Kiessling
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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5
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Xia Q, Perera HA, Bolarinho R, Piskulich ZA, Guo Z, Yin J, He H, Li M, Ge X, Cui Q, Ramström O, Yan M, Cheng JX. Click-free imaging of carbohydrate trafficking in live cells using an azido photothermal probe. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.08.584185. [PMID: 38559219 PMCID: PMC10979903 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.08.584185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Real-time tracking of intracellular carbohydrates remains challenging. While click chemistry allows bio-orthogonal tagging with fluorescent probes, the reaction permanently alters the target molecule and only allows a single snapshot. Here, we demonstrate click-free mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) imaging of azide-tagged carbohydrates in live cells. Leveraging the micromolar detection sensitivity for 6-azido-trehalose (TreAz) and the 300-nm spatial resolution of MIP imaging, the trehalose recycling pathway in single mycobacteria, from cytoplasmic uptake to membrane localization, is directly visualized. A peak shift of azide in MIP spectrum further uncovers interactions between TreAz and intracellular protein. MIP mapping of unreacted azide after click reaction reveals click chemistry heterogeneity within a bacterium. Broader applications of azido photothermal probes to visualize the initial steps of the Leloir pathway in yeasts and the newly synthesized glycans in mammalian cells are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Harini A. Perera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Rylie Bolarinho
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Zeke A. Piskulich
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Zhongyue Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Jiaze Yin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Hongjian He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Mingsheng Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Xiaowei Ge
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Qiang Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Mingdi Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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6
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Hong X, Geng P, Tian N, Li X, Gao M, Nie L, Sun Z, Liu G. From Bench to Clinic: A Nitroreductase Rv3368c-Responsive Cyanine-Based Probe for the Specific Detection of Live Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1576-1586. [PMID: 38190499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), characterized by high mortality and low diagnosis, is caused by a single pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Imaging tools that can be used to track Mtb without pre-labeling and to diagnose live Mtb in clinical samples can shorten the gap between bench and clinic, fuel the development of novel anti-TB drugs, strengthen TB prevention, and improve patient treatment. In this study, we report an unprecedented novel nitroreductase-responsive cyanine-based fluorescent probe (Cy3-NO2-tre) that rapidly and specifically labels Mtb and detects it in clinical samples. Cy3-NO2-tre generated fluorescence after activation by a specific nitroreductase, Rv3368c, which is conserved in the Mycobacteriaceae. Cy3-NO2-tre effectively imaged mycobacteria within infected host cells, tracked the infection process, and visualized Mycobacterium smegmatis being endocytosed by macrophages. Cy3-NO2-tre also detected Mtb in the sputum of patients with TB and exhibited excellent photostability. Furthermore, the Cy3-NO2-tre/auramine O percentage change within 7 ± 2 days post drug treatment in the sputum of inpatients was closely correlated with the reexamination results of the chest computed tomography, strongly demonstrating the clinical application of Cy3-NO2-tre as a prognostic indicator in monitoring the therapeutic efficacy of anti-TB drugs in the early patient care stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiao Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pengfei Geng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Na Tian
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Xueyuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengqiu Gao
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Lihui Nie
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Zhaogang Sun
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Liyanage SH, Yan M. Maltose-Derivatized Fluorescence Turn-On Imaging Probe for Bacteria Detection. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:2560-2571. [PMID: 37936289 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
We report a maltose-derivatized fluorescence turn-on imaging probe, Mal-Cz, to detect E. coli and Staphylococci. The fluorescence turn-on is achieved through an intramolecular C-H insertion reaction of the perfluoroaryl azide-functionalized carbazole to give a fluorescent product. Confocal fluorescence microscopy confirmed the successful uptake of Mal-Cz by E. coli and Staphylococci upon photoactivation. The Mal-Cz probe could selectively detect E. coli and S. epidermidis in the presence of P. aeruginosa and M. smegmatis without interference from these bacteria. Both the photoactivation and bacteria detection can be accomplished using a hand-held UV lamp at 365 nm, with the limit of detection of 103 CFU/mL by the naked eye. Mal-Cz could also be used to detect E. coli and S. epidermidis spiked in milk by the naked eye under a hand-held UV lamp. The uptake of Mal-Cz requires metabolically active bacteria: the uptake was reduced in stationary phase bacteria and was diminished in bacteria that were killed by heating or treating with antibiotics or sodium azide. The uptake decreased with increasing concentration of added free maltose, indicating that Mal-Cz hijacked the maltose uptake pathways. In E. coli, the maltose transport systems, including maltoporin LamB, maltose binding protein MBP, and the maltose ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter MalFGK2, are all critical for the transport of Mal-Cz. The uptake was diminished in the deletion mutants ΔLamB, ΔMalE, ΔMalF, and ΔMalK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajani H Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Mingdi Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
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8
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Liang J, Liu F, Xu P, Shangguan W, Hu T, Wang S, Yang X, Xiong Z, Yang X, Guddat LW, Yu B, Rao Z, Zhang B. Molecular recognition of trehalose and trehalose analogues by Mycobacterium tuberculosis LpqY-SugABC. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2307625120. [PMID: 37603751 PMCID: PMC10466184 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307625120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose plays a crucial role in the survival and virulence of the deadly human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The type I ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter LpqY-SugABC is the sole pathway for trehalose to enter Mtb. The substrate-binding protein, LpqY, which forms a stable complex with the translocator SugABC, recognizes and captures trehalose and its analogues in the periplasmic space, but the precise molecular mechanism for this process is still not well understood. This study reports a 3.02-Å cryoelectron microscopy structure of trehalose-bound Mtb LpqY-SugABC in the pretranslocation state, a crystal structure of Mtb LpqY in a closed form with trehalose bound and five crystal structures of Mtb LpqY in complex with different trehalose analogues. These structures, accompanied by substrate-stimulated ATPase activity data, reveal how LpqY recognizes and binds trehalose and its analogues, and highlight the flexibility in the substrate binding pocket of LpqY. These data provide critical insights into the design of trehalose analogues that could serve as potential molecular probe tools or as anti-TB drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin300353, China
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Fengjiang Liu
- Innovative Center For Pathogen Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou510005, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Wei Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Tianyu Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Shule Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Zhiqi Xiong
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Xiuna Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Luke W. Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Zihe Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin300353, China
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
- Innovative Center For Pathogen Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou510005, China
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai201210, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai201210, China
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9
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Chen X, Wu B, Perera HA, Yan M. Synthesis of Glycopolymer Micelles for Antibiotic Delivery. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104031. [PMID: 37241780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we designed biodegradable glycopolymers consisting of a carbohydrate conjugated to a biodegradable polymer, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), through a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker. The glycopolymers were synthesized by coupling alkyne end-functionalized PEG-PLA with azide-derivatized mannose, trehalose, or maltoheptaose via the click reaction. The coupling yield was in the range of 40-50% and was independent of the size of the carbohydrate. The resulting glycopolymers were able to form micelles with the hydrophobic PLA in the core and the carbohydrates on the surface, as confirmed by binding with the lectin Concanavalin A. The glycomicelles were ~30 nm in diameter with low size dispersity. The glycomicelles were able to encapsulate both non-polar (rifampicin) and polar (ciprofloxacin) antibiotics. Rifampicin-encapsulated micelles were much smaller (27-32 nm) compared to the ciprofloxacin-encapsulated micelles (~417 nm). Moreover, more rifampicin was loaded into the glycomicelles (66-80 μg/mg, 7-8%) than ciprofloxacin (1.2-2.5 μg/mg, 0.1-0.2%). Despite the low loading, the antibiotic-encapsulated glycomicelles were at least as active or 2-4 times more active than the free antibiotics. For glycopolymers without the PEG linker, the antibiotics encapsulated in micelles were 2-6 times worse than the free antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Harini A Perera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Mingdi Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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