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Sui X, Dang HT, Porey A, Trevino R, Das A, Fremin SO, Hughes WB, Thompson WT, Dhakal SK, Arman HD, Larionov OV. Acridine photocatalysis enables tricomponent direct decarboxylative amine construction. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9582-9590. [PMID: 38939159 PMCID: PMC11206229 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02356k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Amines are centrally important motifs in medicinal chemistry and biochemistry, and indispensable intermediates and linchpins in organic synthesis. Despite their cross-disciplinary prominence, synthetic access to amine continues to rely on two-electron approaches based on reductions and additions of organometallic reagents, limiting their accessible chemical space and necessitating stepwise preassembly of synthetic precursors. We report herein a homogeneous photocatalytic tricomponent decarboxylative radical-mediated amine construction that enables modular access to α-branched secondary amines directly from the broad and structurally diverse chemical space of carboxylic acids in a tricomponent reaction with aldehydes and aromatic amines. Our studies reveal the key role of acridine photocatalysis acting in concert with copper and Brønsted acid catalytic processes in facilitating the previously inaccessible homogeneous photocatalytic reaction and provide a streamlined segue to a wide range of amines and nonproteinogenic α-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Sui
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Hang T Dang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Arka Porey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Ramon Trevino
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Arko Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Seth O Fremin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - William B Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - William T Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Shree Krishna Dhakal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Oleg V Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
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2
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Porey A, Fremin SO, Nand S, Trevino R, Hughes WB, Dhakal SK, Nguyen VD, Greco SG, Arman HD, Larionov OV. Multimodal Acridine Photocatalysis Enables Direct Access to Thiols from Carboxylic Acids and Elemental Sulfur. ACS Catal 2024; 14:6973-6980. [PMID: 38737399 PMCID: PMC11081195 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Development of photocatalytic systems that facilitate mechanistically divergent steps in complex catalytic manifolds by distinct activation modes can enable previously inaccessible synthetic transformations. However, multimodal photocatalytic systems remain understudied, impeding their implementation in catalytic methodology. We report herein a photocatalytic access to thiols that directly merges the structural diversity of carboxylic acids with the ready availability of elemental sulfur without substrate preactivation. The photocatalytic transformation provides a direct radical-mediated segue to one of the most biologically important and synthetically versatile organosulfur functionalities, whose synthetic accessibility remains largely dominated by two-electron-mediated processes based on toxic and uneconomical reagents and precursors. The two-phase radical process is facilitated by a multimodal catalytic reactivity of acridine photocatalysis that enables both the singlet excited state PCET-mediated decarboxylative carbon-sulfur bond formation and the previously unknown radical reductive disulfur bond cleavage by a photoinduced HAT process in the silane-triplet acridine system. The study points to a significant potential of multimodal photocatalytic systems in providing unexplored directions to previously inaccessible transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Porey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Seth O Fremin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Sachchida Nand
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Ramon Trevino
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - William B Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Shree Krishna Dhakal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Viet D Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Samuel G Greco
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Oleg V Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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3
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Rubanov ZM, Levin VV, Dilman AD. Dual Acridine/Decatungstate Photocatalysis for the Decarboxylative Radical Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Azomethines. Org Lett 2024; 26:3174-3178. [PMID: 38587457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
A concept for the dual use of acridine and tetrabutylammonium decatungstate photocatalysts in the reactions of carboxylic acids is proposed. Imines generated in situ from aldehydes and p-methoxyaniline, as well as other azomethines, were used as radical acceptors. The role of the decatungstate is believed to facilitate the turnover of the acridine photocatalyst by means of hydrogen atom transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakhar M Rubanov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vitalij V Levin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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4
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Zhuang K, Haug GC, Wang Y, Yin S, Sun H, Huang S, Trevino R, Shen K, Sun Y, Huang C, Qin B, Liu Y, Cheng M, Larionov OV, Jin S. Cobalt-Catalyzed Carbon-Heteroatom Transfer Enables Regioselective Tricomponent 1,4-Carboamination. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8508-8519. [PMID: 38382542 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Tricomponent cobalt(salen)-catalyzed carbofunctionalization of unsaturated substrates by radical-polar crossover has the potential to streamline access to broad classes of heteroatom-functionalized synthetic targets, yet the reaction platform has remained elusive, despite the well-developed analogous hydrofunctionalizations mediated by high-valent alkylcobalt intermediates. We report herein the development of a cobalt(salen) catalytic system that enables carbofunctionalization. The reaction entails a tricomponent decarboxylative 1,4-carboamination of dienes and provides a direct route to aromatic allylic amines by obviating preformed allylation reagents and protection of oxidation-sensitive aromatic amines. The catalytic system merges acridine photocatalysis with cobalt(salen)-catalyzed regioselective 1,4-carbofunctionalization that facilitates the crossover of the radical and polar phases of the tricomponent coupling process, revealing critical roles of the reactants, as well as ligand effects and the nature of the formal high-valent alkylcobalt species on the chemo- and regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitong Zhuang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Graham C Haug
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Shuyu Yin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Siwen Huang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ramon Trevino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Kunzhi Shen
- Shenyang Photosensitive Chemical Research Institute Company Limited, 8-12 No. 6 Road, Shenyang 110141, P. R. China
| | - Yao Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Chao Huang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Bin Qin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Oleg V Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Shengfei Jin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
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de Araujo JGL, da Silva MDSB, Bento JCCV, de Azevêdo AM, de M Araújo AM, Dos Anjos ASD, Martínez-Huitle CA, Dos Santos EV, Gondim AD, Cavalcanti LN. Photocatalytic Hydrodecarboxylation of Fatty Acids for Drop-in Biofuels Production. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302330. [PMID: 37646537 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A mild, practical, and environmentally friendly method for the hydrodecarboxylation of fatty acids using an acridine-based photoredox catalyst and thiophenol was developed. Cn-1 alkanes were synthesized in good to excellent yields (up to 99 %) from C10-C18 saturated fatty acids under visible light irradiation (405 nm). The developed protocol was employed for a mixture of fatty acids obtained from the hydrolysis of Licuri oil, affording a mixture of C9-C17 hydrocarbons in quantitative yield, which demonstrates the potential application of the method to produce drop-in biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhudson G L de Araujo
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Maria do S B da Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Júlia C C V Bento
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Amanda M de Azevêdo
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Aruzza M de M Araújo
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Aecia S D Dos Anjos
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Martínez-Huitle
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Elisama V Dos Santos
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Amanda D Gondim
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Lívia N Cavalcanti
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Avenida Sen. Salgado Filho s/n, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Dang HT, Porey A, Nand S, Trevino R, Manning-Lorino P, Hughes WB, Fremin SO, Thompson WT, Dhakal SK, Arman HD, Larionov OV. Kinetically-driven reactivity of sulfinylamines enables direct conversion of carboxylic acids to sulfinamides. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13384-13391. [PMID: 38033883 PMCID: PMC10685282 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04727j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfinamides are some of the most centrally important four-valent sulfur compounds that serve as critical entry points to an array of emergent medicinal functional groups, molecular tools for bioconjugation, and synthetic intermediates including sulfoximines, sulfonimidamides, and sulfonimidoyl halides, as well as a wide range of other S(iv) and S(vi) functionalities. Yet, the accessible chemical space of sulfinamides remains limited, and the approaches to sulfinamides are largely confined to two-electron nucleophilic substitution reactions. We report herein a direct radical-mediated decarboxylative sulfinamidation that for the first time enables access to sulfinamides from the broad and structurally diverse chemical space of carboxylic acids. Our studies show that the formation of sulfinamides prevails despite the inherent thermodynamic preference for the radical addition to the nitrogen atom, while a machine learning-derived model facilitates prediction of the reaction efficiency based on computationally generated descriptors of the underlying radical reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang T Dang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Arka Porey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Sachchida Nand
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Ramon Trevino
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Patrick Manning-Lorino
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - William B Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Seth O Fremin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - William T Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Shree Krishna Dhakal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Oleg V Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249 USA
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