1
|
Wei Z, Zhao D, Du Y, Li Z. Synthesis of N-Sulfinyl Sulfoximines from 5-(Sulfoximido)dibenzothiophenium Triflates and Sodium Sulfinates. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10311-10315. [PMID: 38985930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free and efficient S-O/S-N bond interconversion reaction has been developed. The protocol facilitates an efficient synthesis of N-sulfinyl sulfoximines by reacting sulfoximido-substituted sulfonium salts with a wide range of sodium sulfinates, featuring broad substrate scope, including a plethora of heterocyclic and fluoroalkyl substrates, high functional group tolerance, and mild conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Wei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Duqin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Du
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rücker T, Schupp N, Sprang F, Horsten T, Wittgens B, Waldvogel SR. Peroxodicarbonate - a renaissance of an electrochemically generated green oxidizer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7136-7147. [PMID: 38912960 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02501f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The direct anodic conversion of alkali carbonates in aqueous media provides access to peroxodicarbonate, which is a safe to use and green oxidizer. Although first reports date back around 150 years, its low concentrations and limited thermal stability have consigned this reagent to oblivion. Boron-doped diamond anodes, novel electrolyser concepts for heat dissipation, and the mixed cation trick allow record breaking peroxodicarbonate concentrations >900 mM. The electrochemical generation of peroxodicarbonate was already demonstrated on a pilot scale. The inherent safety is ensured by the limited stability of the peroxodicarbonate solution, which decomposes under ambient conditions to oxygen and facilitates subsequent downstream processing. This peroxide has, in particular at higher concentrations, an unusual reactivity and seems to be an ideal reagent when peroxo-equivalents in combination with alkaline base are required. The conversions with peroxodicarbonate include the Dakin reaction, epoxidation, oxidation of amines (aliphatic and aromatic) and sulfur compounds, deborolative hydroxylation reactions, and many more. Since the base equivalents also represent the makeup chemical for pulping plants, peroxodicarbonate is an ideal reagent for the selective degradation of lignin to vanillin. Moreover, peroxodicarbonate can be used as a halogen-free bleaching agent. The emerging electrogeneration and use of this green platform oxidizer are surveyed for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Rücker
- Process Technology, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Niclas Schupp
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Fiona Sprang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Tomas Horsten
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | | | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bieniek J, Nater DF, Eberwein SL, Schollmeyer D, Klein M, Waldvogel SR. Efficient and Sustainable Electrosynthesis of N-Sulfonyl Iminophosphoranes by the Dehydrogenative P-N Coupling Reaction. JACS AU 2024; 4:2188-2196. [PMID: 38938819 PMCID: PMC11200248 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Iminophosphoranes are commonly used reagents in organic synthesis and are, therefore, of great interest. An efficient and sustainable iodide-mediated electrochemical synthesis of N-sulfonyl iminophosphoranes from readily available phosphines and sulfonamides is reported. This method features low amounts of supporting electrolytes, inexpensive electrode materials, a simple galvanostatic setup, and high conversion rates. The broad applicability could be demonstrated by synthesizing 20 examples in yields up to 90%, having diverse functional groups including chiral moieties and biologically relevant species. Furthermore, electrolysis was performed on a 20 g scale and could be run in repetitive mode by recycling the electrolyte, which illustrates the suitability for large-scale production. A reaction mechanism involving electrochemical mediation by the iodide-based supporting electrolyte is proposed, completely agreeing with all of the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica
C. Bieniek
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Darryl F. Nater
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute
for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34–36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Sara L. Eberwein
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Klein
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Biological and Chemical Systems—Functional Molecular Systems
(IBCS-FMS), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz
1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute
for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34–36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fimm M, Saito F. Enantioselective Synthesis of Sulfinamidines via Asymmetric Nitrogen Transfer from N-H Oxaziridines to Sulfenamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202408380. [PMID: 38747676 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Sulfinamidines are promising aza-SIV chiral building blocks in asymmetric synthesis and drug discovery. However, no report has documented their enantioselective synthesis. Here we present an enantioselective synthesis of sulfinamidines via electrophilic amination of sulfenamides using an enantiopure N-H oxaziridine. The resulting enantiomerically enriched primary sulfinamidines are configurationally stable at 90 °C in solution and show remarkable stability against organic acids and bases under non-aqueous conditions. We also demonstrate a one-pot, three-component, enantioselective synthesis of sulfinamides using N-H oxaziridine reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Fimm
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Fumito Saito
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schüll A, Grothe L, Rodrigo E, Erhard T, Waldvogel SR. Electrochemical Synthesis of S-Aryl Dibenzothiophenium Triflates as Precursors for Selective Nucleophilic Aromatic (Radio)fluorination. Org Lett 2024; 26:2790-2794. [PMID: 37805940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrosynthetic approach to aryl dibenzothiophenium salts, including the direct intramolecular formation of a C-S bond in a metal-free, electrochemical key step under ambient conditions, is reported. The broad applicability of this method is demonstrated with 14 examples, including nitrogen-containing heterocycles in isolated yields up to 72%. The resulting sulfonium salts can be used as precursors for fluorine labeling to give [18F]fluoroarenes as found in PET tracer ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Schüll
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lisa Grothe
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Eduardo Rodrigo
- Medicinal Chemistry & Screening Biology, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstraße, 67061 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Thomas Erhard
- Medicinal Chemistry & Screening Biology, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstraße, 67061 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Roy A, Gauld JW. Sulfilimine bond formation in collagen IV. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:646-657. [PMID: 38116662 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05715a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The collagen IV network plays a crucial role in providing structural support and mechanical integrity to the basement membrane and surrounding tissues. A key aspect of this network is the formation of intra- and inter-collagen fibril crosslinks. One particular crosslink, an inter-residue sulfilimine bond, has been found, so far, to be unique to collagen IV. More specifically, these crosslinks are primarily formed between methionine and lysine or hydroxylysine residues and can occur within a single collagen fibril or between different collagen fibrils. Due to its significance as the major crosslink in the collagen IV network, the sulfilimine bond plays critical roles in tissue development and various human diseases. While the proposed reaction mechanism for sulfilimine bond formation is supported by experimental evidence, the precise nature of this bond remained uncertain until computational studies were conducted. The process involves the reaction of hypohalous acids (e.g., HOBr, HOCl), produced by a peroxidasin enzyme in the basement membrane, with the sidechain sulfur of methionine or sidechain nitrogen of lysine/hydroxylysine residues in collagen IV, to form halosulfonium or haloamine intermediates, respectively. The halosulfonium/haloamine then reacts with the sidechain amine/sulfide of the lysine (or hydroxylysine) or methionine respectively, eventually resulting in the formation of the sulfilimine (MetSNLys/Hyl) crosslink. The sulfilimine product formed not only plays a crucial role in physiological processes but also finds applications in various industrial and pharmaceutical contexts. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of existing studies, including our own research, aimed at understanding the reaction mechanism, protonation states, characteristic nature, and dynamic behavior of the sulfilimine bond in collagen IV. The goal is to offer readers an overview of this critically important biochemical bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anupom Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - James W Gauld
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang G, Ye J, Tan M, Chen Y, Lu X. Copper-Catalyzed Aerobic S-Amination of Sulfenamides for the Synthesis of Sulfinamidines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16116-16121. [PMID: 37982347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a copper-catalyzed oxidative amination of sulfenamides for the synthesis of sulfinamidines. By the employment of air as the terminal oxidant, a diverse array of secondary and primary amines can be efficiently transformed into their corresponding products. This method is well-suited for last-stage functionalization, and the underlying mechanism has been investigated. The transformation is characterized by exceptional chemoselectivity, mild conditions, facile operation, and broad substrate compatibility, which have significant implications for the fields of pharmaceuticals and organic synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoling Huang
- Laboratory of Marine Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University (LNU), 29 Cunjin Road, Zhanjiang, 524048, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Ye
- Laboratory of Marine Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University (LNU), 29 Cunjin Road, Zhanjiang, 524048, P. R. China
| | - Minxi Tan
- Laboratory of Marine Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University (LNU), 29 Cunjin Road, Zhanjiang, 524048, P. R. China
| | - Yuetong Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University (LNU), 29 Cunjin Road, Zhanjiang, 524048, P. R. China
| | - Xunbo Lu
- Laboratory of Marine Green Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University (LNU), 29 Cunjin Road, Zhanjiang, 524048, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Andresini M, Colella M, Degennaro L, Luisi R. Overlooked aza-S(IV) motifs: synthesis and transformations of sulfinamidines and sulfinimidate esters. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7681-7690. [PMID: 37725053 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01382k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Significant advancements have been made in the synthesis of overlooked aza-S(IV) motifs. The accessibility of sulfinamidines and sulfinimidate esters has greatly improved through the recent development of efficient and complementary synthetic strategies. Intriguingly, new discoveries have emerged regarding the reactivity of these substances, highlighting the electrophilic nature of sulfinimidate esters and the nucleophilic character of sulfinamidines. Moreover, sulfinamidines have been found to be prone to oxidation, leading to the formation of important aza-S(VI) derivatives. In this review, our aim is to present an almost comprehensive overview of the most relevant achievements in the preparation and structural characterization of these overlooked compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Andresini
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E., Orabona 4-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Marco Colella
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E., Orabona 4-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Degennaro
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E., Orabona 4-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Renzo Luisi
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences University of Bari "A. Moro" Via E., Orabona 4-70125 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Y, Fang DM, Huang HS, Nie XK, Zhang SQ, Cui X, Tang Z, Li GX. Synthesis of Sulfilimines via Selective S-C Bond Formation in Water. Org Lett 2023; 25:2134-2138. [PMID: 36939573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Sulfilimines are valuable compounds both in organic synthesis and in pharmaceuticals. Here we developed a mild and simplified method for preparation of sulfilimines via selective S-C bond formation rather than traditional S-N bond formation. The method is both attractive and useful for the following reasons: it uses a readily available alkylation reagent such alkyl bromide or alkyl iodide, it uses water as solvent, it is easy to perform, and it is convenient for late-stage diversification of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Fang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - He-Sen Huang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Nie
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhuo Tang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guang-Xun Li
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|