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Clavenzani P, Lattanzio G, Bonaldo A, Parma L, Busti S, Oterhals Å, Romarheim OH, Aspevik T, Gatta PP, Mazzoni M. Effects of Bioactive Peptides from Atlantic Salmon Processing By-Products on Oxyntopeptic and Enteroendocrine Cells of the Gastric Mucosa of European Seabass and Gilthead Seabream. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3020. [PMID: 37835626 PMCID: PMC10571541 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary levels of bioactive peptides (BPs) derived from salmon processing by-products on the presence and distribution of peptic cells (oxyntopeptic cells, OPs) and enteric endocrine cells (EECs) that contain GHR, NPY and SOM in the gastric mucosa of European seabass and gilthead seabream. In this study, 27 seabass and 27 seabreams were divided into three experimental groups: a control group (CTR) fed a control diet and two groups fed different levels of BP to replace fishmeal: 5% BP (BP5%) and 10% BP (BP10%). The stomach of each fish was sampled and processed for immunohistochemistry. Some SOM, NPY and GHR-IR cells exhibited alternating "open type" and "closed type" EECs morphologies. The BP10% group (16.8 ± 7.5) showed an increase in the number of NPY-IR cells compared to CTR (CTR 8.5 ± 4.8) and BP5% (BP10% vs. CTR p ≤ 0.01; BP10% vs. BP5% p ≤ 0.05) in the seabream gastric mucosa. In addition, in seabream gastric tissue, SOM-IR cells in the BP 10% diet (16.8 ± 3.5) were different from those in CTR (12.5 ± 5) (CTR vs. BP 10% p ≤ 0.05) and BP 5% (12.9 ± 2.5) (BP 5% vs. BP 10% p ≤ 0.01). EEC SOM-IR cells increased at 10% BP (5.3 ± 0.7) compared to 5% BP (4.4 ± 0.8) (5% BP vs. 10% BP p ≤ 0.05) in seabass. The results obtained may provide a good basis for a better understanding of the potential of salmon BPs as feed ingredients for seabass and seabream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Clavenzani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (P.C.); (G.L.); (A.B.); (L.P.); (S.B.); (P.P.G.)
| | - Giulia Lattanzio
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (P.C.); (G.L.); (A.B.); (L.P.); (S.B.); (P.P.G.)
| | - Alessio Bonaldo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (P.C.); (G.L.); (A.B.); (L.P.); (S.B.); (P.P.G.)
| | - Luca Parma
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (P.C.); (G.L.); (A.B.); (L.P.); (S.B.); (P.P.G.)
| | - Serena Busti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (P.C.); (G.L.); (A.B.); (L.P.); (S.B.); (P.P.G.)
| | - Åge Oterhals
- Nofima, the Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, 5141 Fyllingsdalen, Norway; (Å.O.); (O.H.R.); (T.A.)
| | - Odd Helge Romarheim
- Nofima, the Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, 5141 Fyllingsdalen, Norway; (Å.O.); (O.H.R.); (T.A.)
| | - Tone Aspevik
- Nofima, the Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, 5141 Fyllingsdalen, Norway; (Å.O.); (O.H.R.); (T.A.)
| | - Pier Paolo Gatta
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (P.C.); (G.L.); (A.B.); (L.P.); (S.B.); (P.P.G.)
| | - Maurizio Mazzoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (P.C.); (G.L.); (A.B.); (L.P.); (S.B.); (P.P.G.)
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Abachi S, Pilon G, Marette A, Bazinet L, Beaulieu L. Beneficial effects of fish and fish peptides on main metabolic syndrome associated risk factors: Diabetes, obesity and lipemia. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7896-7944. [PMID: 35297701 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2052261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The definition of metabolic syndrome (MetS) fairly varies from one to another guideline and health organization. Per description of world health organization, occurrence of hyperinsulinemia or hyperglycemia in addition to two or more factors of dyslipidemia, hypoalphalipoproteinemia, hypertension and or large waist circumference factors would be defined as MetS. Conventional therapies and drugs, commonly with adverse effects, are used to treat these conditions and diseases. Nonetheless, in the recent decades scientific community has focused on the discovery of natural compounds to diminish the side effects of these medications. Among many available bioactives, biologically active peptides have notable beneficial effects on the management of diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. Marine inclusive of fish peptides have exerted significant bioactivities in different experimental in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical settings. This review exclusively focuses on studies from the recent decade investigating hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hypercholesterolemic and anti-obesogenic fish and fish peptides. Related extraction, isolation, and purification methodologies of anti-MetS fish biopeptides are reviewed herein for comparison purposes only. Moreover, performance of biopeptides in simulated gastrointestinal environment and structure-activity relationship along with absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties of selected oligopeptides have been discussed, in brief, to broaden the knowledge of readers on the design and discovery trends of anti-MetS compounds.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2052261 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Abachi
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Laboratory of Food Processing and ElectroMembrane Processes (LTAPEM), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lucie Beaulieu
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
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Martínez-Alvarez O, Ravallec R, Cudennec B, Guimas L, Delannoy C, Fouchereau-Peron M. Effect of daily gavage with a collagen hydrolysate containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like molecules on plasma CGRP-levels in rats. J Funct Foods 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Cudennec B, Caradec T, Catiau L, Ravallec R. Upgrading of sea by-products: potential nutraceutical applications. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2012; 65:479-494. [PMID: 22361207 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416003-3.00031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Since many years, numerous kinds of processes based on enzymatic hydrolysis at various pH, involving added plant or bacterial enzymes after inactivation by heating of endogenous enzymes present in the raw material or, alternatively, based on the action of endogenous enzymes, have contributed to the degradation of marine by-product proteins in order to produce fractions exerting biological activities. Peptides obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of fish proteins exhibit not only nutritional but also biological properties of dietary uses, or even therapeutic potential. In this review, we have focused on the different enzymatic processes able to generate bioactive peptides from marine by-products and exerting high potential in nutraceutical applications to fight against important public health issues like obesity, stress, hypertension, and migraine. Beyond the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical aspects, this way of valorization is also included in the necessary development of by-product fishing industries for economic and ecological reasons in the worldwide context of marine resources depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cudennec
- Université Sciences et Technologies, Lille, France
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Picot L, Ravallec R, Fouchereau-Péron M, Vandanjon L, Jaouen P, Chaplain-Derouiniot M, Guérard F, Chabeaud A, Legal Y, Alvarez OM, Bergé JP, Piot JM, Batista I, Pires C, Thorkelsson G, Delannoy C, Jakobsen G, Johansson I, Bourseau P. Impact of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration of an industrial fish protein hydrolysate on its bioactive properties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2010; 90:1819-1826. [PMID: 20602518 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated that in vitro controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of fish and shellfish proteins leads to bioactive peptides. Ultrafiltration (UF) and/or nanofiltration (NF) can be used to refine hydrolysates and also to fractionate them in order to obtain a peptide population enriched in selected sizes. This study was designed to highlight the impact of controlled UF and NF on the stability of biological activities of an industrial fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) and to understand whether fractionation could improve its content in bioactive peptides. RESULTS The starting fish protein hydrolysate exhibited a balanced amino acid composition, a reproducible molecular weight (MW) profile, and a low sodium chloride content, allowing the study of its biological activity. Successive fractionation on UF and NF membranes allowed concentration of peptides of selected sizes, without, however, carrying out sharp separations, some MW classes being found in several fractions. Peptides containing Pro, Hyp, Asp and Glu were concentrated in the UF and NF retentates compared to the unfractionated hydrolysate and UF permeate, respectively. Gastrin/cholecystokinin-like peptides were present in the starting FPH, UF and NF fractions, but fractionation did not increase their concentration. In contrast, quantification of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like peptides demonstrated an increase in CGRP-like activities in the UF permeate, relative to the starting FPH. The starting hydrolysate also showed a potent antioxidant and radical scavenging activity, and a moderate angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-1 inhibitory activity, which were not increased by UF and NF fractionation. CONCLUSION Fractionation of an FPH using membrane separation, with a molecular weight cut-off adapted to the peptide composition, may provide an effective means to concentrate CGRP-like peptides and peptides enriched in selected amino acids. The peptide size distribution observed after UF and NF fractionation demonstrates that it is misleading to characterize the fractions obtained by membrane filtration according to the MW cut-off of the membrane only, as is currently done in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Picot
- UMR CNRS 6250 LIENSs, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France.
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Martínez-Alvarez O, Guimas L, Delannoy C, Fouchereau-Peron M. Use of a commercial protease and yeasts to obtain CGRP-like molecules from saithe protein. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:7853-7859. [PMID: 18707122 DOI: 10.1021/jf801393r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Different bioactive molecules, such as CGRP-like peptides, can be found in fish protein hydrolysates. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide known to act as a potent arterial and venous vasodilator in humans. This study focuses on the industrial obtaining of CGRP-like molecules from saithe (Pollachius virens) byproduct, derived from the filleting process. Protein from P. virens was primarily hydrolyzed with Alcalase and later treated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae live cells. Treatment with Saccharomyces doubled the quantity of bioactive molecules obtained. The CGRP-like molecules were partially purified by chromatography, and the immunoreactive material was further analyzed for its CGRP-like bioactivity, using a specific radioreceptor assay. The concentration of CGRP-like molecules increased over 100-fold after purification. The bioactive molecules were able to induce cyclic AMP stimulation in rat liver membranes. Finally, partial sequencing of the bioactive peptide was performed, showing some homology with alpha-actin and myosin of several fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Martínez-Alvarez
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle USM 405, UMR CNRS/MNHN/UPMC 5178, Station Biologie Marine, B.P. 225, 29182 Concarneau Cedex, France.
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