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Yao J, Xu X, Liu L, Kuang H, Xu C. Gold nanoparticle-based immunoassay for the detection of bifenthrin in vegetables. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:531-541. [PMID: 35104182 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.2020909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a sensitive and rapid gold nanoparticle-based immunochromatographic strip (GNP-ICS) for the detection of bifenthrin (BF) using an anti-BF monoclonal antibody (mAb). When used in indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA), the specific anti-BF mAb (3D1) had a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and limit of detection (LOD) of 59 and 15 ng mL-1 respectively. Additionally, its cross-reactivity (CR) with other pyrethroids was negative. The developed GNP-ICS assay based on the GNP-labelled mAb was specific and sensitive for determining BF, with a cut-off value of 1,000 ng mL-1, and a visual LOD (vLOD) value of 50 ng mL-1. Furthermore, the developed icELISA and GNP-ICS were applied with a simple pre-treatment to determine BF-spiked vegetable samples, and the recoveries were validated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed that the developed GNP-ICS was reliable for the detection of BF in practical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
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2
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Yao J, Wang Z, Guo L, Xu X, Liu L, Xu L, Song S, Xu C, Kuang H. Advances in immunoassays for organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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3
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Ishimatsu R, Shimizu S, Hongsibsong S, Nakano K, Malasuk C, Oki Y, Morita K. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on light absorption of enzymatically generated aniline oligomer: Flow injection analysis for 3-phenoxybenzoic acid with anti-3-phenoxybenzoic acid monoclonal antibody. Talanta 2020; 218:121102. [PMID: 32797869 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A flow enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method based on light absorption by enzymatically generated aniline oligomer in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), H2O2, and aniline is proposed. Aniline oligomer is rapidly formed through the polymerization reaction via the enzymatic reaction, and its fast reaction rate is beneficial for flow ELISA. An anti-3-phenoxybenzoic acid monoclonal antibody (mAb) was produced by mice, and was used for the flow competitive ELISA for the determination of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA), which was performed on an acrylic plate having a Y-shaped channel. ABS resin beads (d = 1 mm) were filled in the channel to increase the surface area for the adsorption of the mAb. A clank-type detection chamber (optical length: 1 cm) made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) containing carbon black, which can significantly decrease light scattering, was fabricated with a 3D printer. The PDMS detection chamber was connected to the outlet of the acrylic flow chip with a tube. A blue LED was used as a light source for the flow ELISA. The inhabitation concentration at 50% and the detection range (absorbance change from 90 to 10%) for the proposed flow competitive ELISA were 0.5 ppm and 0.05-5 ppm, respectively. We also performed the flow competitive ELISA in an artificial and real urine, and no significant matrix effect of the urine samples on the ELISA was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Shinichi Shimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Surat Hongsibsong
- NCD Center, Research Institute for Health Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Koji Nakano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chacriya Malasuk
- Department of Electronics, Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuji Oki
- Department of Electronics, Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kinichi Morita
- New Business Development Office, USHIO INC, 6-5 Marunouchi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100- 8150, Japan
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Zhao F, Liu J, Luo J. Development of a High-Quality ELISA Method for Dinotefuran Based on a Novel and Newly-Designed Antigen. Molecules 2019; 24:E2426. [PMID: 31269647 PMCID: PMC6651010 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure of hapten determines the performance of the antibody and the corresponding detection method. A new type of antigen was designed and synthesized to expose the spatial and characteristic structure of dinotefuran molecule, and a type of high-quality antibody was obtained. The IC50 value of the monoclonal antibody was 5.30 ng/mL and its cross-reactivity (CRs) was less than 2% when reacting with other structurally related analytes. The effects of spatial configurations of hapten on the antibody were visually analyzed while using the appropriate software according to the quality of the antibodies, which showed that the specificity of the antibody is closely related with the exposed structure of hapten. An ELISA assay with an IC50 of 5.66 ng/mL and a linear range of 1.95 to 16.29 ng/mL was developed. The results that were obtained from the ELISA and HPLC methods were equivalent. The results showed that spatial simulation is a crucial method that is used in the designing of hapten to obtain a sensitive and specific antibody. The application of this method will highlight the potential aim and improve the detection efficiency of ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zhao
- Analysis & Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Tropical Products(Haikou), Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
- Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of Tropical Agro-Products, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Jingkun Liu
- Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Jinhui Luo
- Analysis & Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Tropical Products(Haikou), Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
- Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of Tropical Agro-Products, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
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5
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Fruhmann P, Sanchis A, Mayerhuber L, Vanka T, Kleber C, Salvador JP, Marco MP. Immunoassay and amperometric biosensor approaches for the detection of deltamethrin in seawater. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:5923-5930. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Zhang Z, Zeng K, Liu J. Immunochemical detection of emerging organic contaminants in environmental waters. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kumar P, Kim KH, Deep A. Recent advancements in sensing techniques based on functional materials for organophosphate pesticides. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 70:469-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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López-Moreno R, Mercader JV, Agulló C, Abad-Somovilla A, Abad-Fuentes A. Immunoassays for trifloxystrobin analysis. Part I. Rational design of regioisomeric haptens and production of monoclonal antibodies. Food Chem 2013; 152:230-6. [PMID: 24444931 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trifloxystrobin is one of the main active principles belonging to the strobilurin family of crop protection compounds. In this article, the synthesis of a battery of regioisomeric functionalized derivatives of trifloxystrobin is described. The same aliphatic linear carboxylated chain was introduced as spacer arm in all of the synthesized haptens, but it was located at different positions of the parent molecule. N,N'-Disuccinimidyl carbonate was employed for hapten activation, so the resulting N-hydroxysuccinimyl ester could be readily purified and efficiently coupled to proteins. After immunization and hybridoma generation, a collection of 20 mouse monoclonal antibodies from different immunizing haptens was obtained. The analytical performance of these immunoreagents was evaluated in terms of affinity and selectivity with the aim to develop rapid and practical immunochemical procedures for trifloxystrobin determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario López-Moreno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Josep V Mercader
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), Agustí Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, València, Spain
| | - Consuelo Agulló
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Antonio Abad-Somovilla
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universitat de València, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
| | - Antonio Abad-Fuentes
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), Agustí Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, València, Spain.
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Chen X, Xu L, Ma W, Liu L, Kuang H, Peng C, Wang L, Xu C. Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Cyhalothrin. Immunol Invest 2013; 42:493-503. [DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2013.797909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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10
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Wei X, Zhao Y, Wang B, Wang Y. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay–based two different polyclonal antibodies for the detection of cypermethrin with phenoxybenzene multiresidue. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2013.805732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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11
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Simultaneous Detection of Fenitrothion and Chlorpyrifos-Methyl with a Photonic Suspension Array. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66703. [PMID: 23805266 PMCID: PMC3689689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A technique was developed for simultaneous detection of fenitrothion (FNT) and chlorpyrifos-methyl (CLT) using a photonic suspension array based on silica colloidal crystal beads (SCCBs). The SCCBs were encoded with the characteristic reflection peak originating from the stop-band of colloidal crystal. This approach avoids the bleaching, fading or potential interference seen when encoding by fluorescence. SCCBs with a nanopatterned surface had increased biomolecule binding capacity and improved stability. Under optimal conditions, the proposed suspension array allowed simultaneous detection of the selected pesticides in the ranges of 0.25 to 1024 ng/mL and 0.40 to 735.37 ng/mL, with the limits of detection (LODs) of 0.25 and 0.40 ng/mL, respectively. The suspension array was specific and had no significant cross-reactivity with other chemicals. The mean recoveries in tests in which samples were spiked with target standards were 82.35% to 109.90% with a standard deviation within 9.93% for CLT and 81.64% to 108.10% with a standard deviation within 8.82% for FNT. The proposed method shows a potentially powerful capability for fast quantitative analysis of pesticide residues.
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12
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Zhang M, Hu Y, Liu S, Cong Y, Liu B, Wang L. A highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of dipropyl phthalate in plastic food contact materials. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2012.670615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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13
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Liu J, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Ding X, Hu X, Zhao F, Li P. Development of a fluorescence-linked immunoassay based on quantum dots for fenvalerate. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2012.749220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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14
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A Highly Sensitive Indirect Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ic-ELISA) by Antigen Coating for Diethyl Phthalate Analysis in Foods. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Zhang T, Xue H, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Song P, Tian X, Xing Y, Wang P, Meng M, Xi R. Determination of folic acid in milk, milk powder and energy drink by an indirect immunoassay. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2012; 92:2297-2304. [PMID: 22378547 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folic acid (FA) is essential for healthy people (reference daily intake 400 µg day⁻¹) and pregnant women (600 µg day⁻¹). Insufficient intake of FA will increase the risk of neural tube defects in newborns. In this study an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for rapid and convenient detection of FA in vitamin-fortified foods. RESULTS A carbodiimide-modified active ester method was used to synthesise the immunogen (FA-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate) to raise polyclonal antibodies for FA. The coupling ratio of FA with BSA was determined to be 14:1 (molar ratio). The detection limit of the immunoassay was 3.0 ng mL⁻¹ in buffer, 3.52 ng mL⁻¹ in energy drink, 11.91 ng mL⁻¹ in milk and 16.50 ng mL⁻¹ in milk powder. Intra- and inter-assay variability ranged from 6.6 to 15.1%. Analytical recoveries of FA-spiked samples were 88.3-108.9%. CONCLUSION The immunoassay developed in this study can be used as a simple, rapid and accurate method for fast semi-quantitative and quantitative on-site analysis of FA in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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A Novel SPME Fiber Chemically Linked with 1-Vinyl-3-hexadecylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate Ionic Liquid Coupled with GC for the Simultaneous Determination of Pyrethroids in Vegetables. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Soman G, Yang X, Jiang H, Giardina S, Mitra G. Comparison of GD2 binding capture ELISA assays for anti-GD2-antibodies using GD2-coated plates and a GD2-expressing cell-based ELISA. J Immunol Methods 2011; 373:181-91. [PMID: 21893062 PMCID: PMC3196293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two assay methods for quantification of the disialoganglioside (GD2)-specific binding activities of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies and antibody immunofusion proteins, such as ch14.18 and hu14.18-IL2, were developed. The methods differed in the use of either microtiter plates coated with purified GD2 or plates seeded with GD2-expressing cell lines to bind the anti-GD2 molecules. The bound antibodies were subsequently detected using the reactivity of the antibodies to an HRP-labeled anti-IgG Fc or antibodies recognizing the conjugate IL-2 part of the Hu 14.18IL-2 fusion protein. The bound HRP was detected using reagents such as orthophenylene diamine, 2, 2'-azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] or tetramethylbenzidine. The capture ELISA using GD2-coated plates was developed earlier in assay development and used to demonstrate assay specificity and to compare lot-to-lot consistency and stability of ch14.18, and Hu14.18 IL-2 in clinical development. During this study, we found a number of issues related to plate-to-plate variability, GD2 lot variability, and variations due to GD2 storage stability, etc., that frequently lead to assay failure in plates coated with purified GD2. The cell-based ELISA (CbELISA) using the GD2 expressing melanoma cell line, M21/P6, was developed as an alternative to the GD2-coated plate ELISA. The results on the comparability of the capture ELISA on GD2-coated plates and the cell-based assay show that both assays give comparable results. However, the cell-based assay is more consistent and reproducible. Subsequently, the anti-GD2 capture ELISA using the GD2-coated plate was replaced with the CbELISA for product lot release testing and stability assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalan Soman
- Biopharmaceutical Development Program, SAIC-Frederick Inc., National Cancer Institute, MD 21702, USA.
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Cui Y, Nan T, Tan G, Li QX, Wang B, Liu S. Production of Monoclonal Antibody to Herbicide Fenoxaprop-ethyl. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2011; 30:463-7. [DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2011.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Cui
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiegui Nan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyu Tan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Baomin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangzhong Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Yu G, Sheng W, Shi M, Guo B, Wang S. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based a monoclonal antibody for the detection of pyrethroids with phenoxybenzene multiresidue in river water. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:2997-3003. [PMID: 21381771 DOI: 10.1021/jf104914d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and broad class selective direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal antibody (McAb) has been described for the detection of pyrethroids with phenoxybenzene group. One monoclonal antibody, 2G(2)E(7), was obtained and characterized after fusion of myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from BALB/c mice. The assay with the most selectivity for the family pyrethroids with phenoxybenzene group was optimized. The IC(50) values of the optimized immunoassay were 1.8 μg L(-1) for deltamethrin, 1.5 μg L(-1) for cypermethrin, 2.0 μg L(-1) for fluvalinate and fenvalerate, 2.2 μg L(-1) for phenothrin, 2.4 μg L(-1) for flucythrinate, 3.0 μg L(-1) for fenpropathrin, and 5.0 μg L(-1) for permethrin. River water samples fortified with pyrethroids were analyzed with the ELISA to evaluate the accuracy of the assay. The recoveries of pyrethroids in spiked water samples ranged from 74 to 108%. The results indicate that the ELISA developed can accurately simultaneously determine pyrethroids with phenoxybenzene group in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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