1
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Chen Y, Li T, Jiang L, Huang Z, Zhang W, Luo Y. The composition, extraction, functional property, quality, and health benefits of coconut protein: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135905. [PMID: 39332551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Coconut is widely appreciated for its distinctive flavor and is commonly utilized in the production of a variety of goods. Coconut protein, a by-product derived from coconut oil and coconut milk cake, is frequently underutilized or discarded. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the distribution and composition of coconut protein. Analyses reveal that coconut protein, specifically 11S globulin and 7S globulin, is predominantly found in coconut flesh. Furthermore, various extraction techniques for coconut protein, such as chemical, enzymatic, and physical methods, are discussed. The alkali dissolution and acid precipitation methods are widely utilized for extracting coconut protein, with the potential for enhancement through the incorporation of physical methods such as ultrasound. The evaluation of functional properties, quality, and health benefits of coconut protein is essential, given the limitations imposed by its solubility. Modification may be necessary to optimize its functional properties. Coconut presents a promising source of food protein, characterized by balanced amino acid composition, high digestibility, and low allergenic potential. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the extraction methods, functional properties, quality, and nutritional benefits of coconut protein, offering insights for potential future research directions in the field. Additionally, the information presented may serve as a valuable reference for incorporating coconut protein into plant-based food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Zhaoxian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan Institute for Food Control, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Yangchao Luo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America.
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2
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Hu J, Zhu LP, Wang RQ, Zhu L, Chen F, Hou Y, Ni K, Deng S, Liu S, Ying W, Sun JL, Li H, Jin T. Identification, Characterization, Cloning, and Cross-Reactivity of Zan b 2, a Novel Pepper Allergen of 11S Legumin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8189-8199. [PMID: 38551197 PMCID: PMC11010233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Protein from Sichuan peppers can elicit mild to severe allergic reactions. However, little is known about their allergenic proteins. We aimed to isolate, identify, clone, and characterize Sichuan pepper allergens and to determine its allergenicity and cross-reactivities. Sichuan pepper seed proteins were extracted and then analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was performed with sera from Sichuan pepper-allergic individuals. Proteins of interest were purified using hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration and further analyzed by analytical ultracentrifugation, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (MS). Their coding region was amplified in the genome. IgE reactivity and cross-reactivity of allergens were evaluated by dot blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and competitive ELISA. Western blot showed IgE binding to a 55 kDa protein. This protein was homologous to the citrus proteins and has high stability and a sheet structure. Four DNA sequences were cloned. Six patients' sera (60%) showed specific IgE reactivity to this purified 11S protein, which was proved to have cross-reactivation with extracts of cashew nuts, pistachios, and citrus seeds. A novel allergen in Sichuan pepper seeds, Zan b 2, which belongs to the 11S globulin family, was isolated and identified. Its cross-reactivity with cashew nuts, pistachios, and citrus seeds was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhu
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Rui-qi Wang
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lixia Zhu
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yibo Hou
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kang Ni
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Shasha Deng
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Wantao Ying
- State
Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center,
National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute
of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jin-Lyu Sun
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hong Li
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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3
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Lokya V, Parmar S, Pandey AK, Sudini HK, Huai D, Ozias-Akins P, Foyer CH, Nwosu CV, Karpinska B, Baker A, Xu P, Liao B, Mir RR, Chen X, Guo B, Nguyen HT, Kumar R, Bera SK, Singam P, Kumar A, Varshney RK, Pandey MK. Prospects for developing allergen-depleted food crops. THE PLANT GENOME 2023; 16:e20375. [PMID: 37641460 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the challenge of meeting global demand for food production, there are increasing concerns about food safety and the need to protect consumer health from the negative effects of foodborne allergies. Certain bio-molecules (usually proteins) present in food can act as allergens that trigger unusual immunological reactions, with potentially life-threatening consequences. The relentless working lifestyles of the modern era often incorporate poor eating habits that include readymade prepackaged and processed foods, which contain additives such as peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, and soy-based products, rather than traditional home cooking. Of the predominant allergenic foods (soybean, wheat, fish, peanut, shellfish, tree nuts, eggs, and milk), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) are the best characterized source of allergens, followed by tree nuts (Juglans regia, Prunus amygdalus, Corylus avellana, Carya illinoinensis, Anacardium occidentale, Pistacia vera, Bertholletia excels), wheat (Triticum aestivum), soybeans (Glycine max), and kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The prevalence of food allergies has risen significantly in recent years including chance of accidental exposure to such foods. In contrast, the standards of detection, diagnosis, and cure have not kept pace and unfortunately are often suboptimal. In this review, we mainly focus on the prevalence of allergies associated with peanut, tree nuts, wheat, soybean, and kidney bean, highlighting their physiological properties and functions as well as considering research directions for tailoring allergen gene expression. In particular, we discuss how recent advances in molecular breeding, genetic engineering, and genome editing can be used to develop potential low allergen food crops that protect consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadthya Lokya
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sejal Parmar
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Arun K Pandey
- College of Life Science of China Jiliang University (CJLU), Hangzhou, China
| | - Hari K Sudini
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dongxin Huai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Peggy Ozias-Akins
- Horticulture Department, The University of Georgia Tifton Campus, Tifton, GA, USA
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | | | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Alison Baker
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Pei Xu
- College of Life Science of China Jiliang University (CJLU), Hangzhou, China
| | - Boshou Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, India
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baozhu Guo
- USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA, USA
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Gulbarga, India
| | | | - Prashant Singam
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anirudh Kumar
- Central Tribal University of Andhra Pradesh, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Crop Research Innovation Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Manish K Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
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4
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Zhang Y, Che H, Li C, Jin T. Food Allergens of Plant Origin. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112232. [PMID: 37297475 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents an update on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of food allergens in plant sources, focusing on the few protein families that contribute to multiple food allergens from different species and protein families recently found to contain food allergens. The structures and structural components of the food allergens in the allergen families may provide further directions for discovering new food allergens. Answers as to what makes some food proteins allergens are still elusive. Factors to be considered in mitigating food allergens include the abundance of the protein in a food, the property of short stretches of the sequence of the protein that may constitute linear IgE binding epitopes, the structural properties of the protein, its stability to heat and digestion, the food matrix the protein is in, and the antimicrobial activity to the microbial flora of the human gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, recent data suggest that widely used techniques for mapping linear IgE binding epitopes need to be improved by incorporating positive controls, and methodologies for mapping conformational IgE binding epitopes need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zhang
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Huilian Che
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Caiming Li
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
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5
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Clermont K, Graham CJ, Lloyd SW, Grimm CC, Randall JJ, Mattison CP. Proteomic Analysis of Pecan ( Carya illinoinensis) Nut Development. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040866. [PMID: 36832940 PMCID: PMC9957463 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) nuts are an economically valuable crop native to the United States and Mexico. A proteomic summary from two pecan cultivars at multiple time points was used to compare protein accumulation during pecan kernel development. Patterns of soluble protein accumulation were elucidated using qualitative gel-free and label-free mass-spectrometric proteomic analyses and quantitative (label-free) 2-D gel electrophoresis. Two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis distinguished a total of 1267 protein spots and shotgun proteomics identified 556 proteins. Rapid overall protein accumulation occurred in mid-September during the transition to the dough stage as the cotyledons enlarge within the kernel. Pecan allergens Car i 1 and Car i 2 were first observed to accumulate during the dough stage in late September. While overall protein accumulation increased, the presence of histones diminished during development. Twelve protein spots accumulated differentially based on 2-D gel analysis in the weeklong interval between the dough stage and the transition into a mature kernel, while eleven protein spots were differentially accumulated between the two cultivars. These results provide a foundation for more focused proteomic analyses of pecans that may be used in the future to identify proteins that are important for desirable traits, such as reduced allergen content, improved polyphenol or lipid content, increased tolerance to salinity, biotic stress, seed hardiness, and seed viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Clermont
- Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
- U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 20585, USA
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | | | - Steven W. Lloyd
- Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Casey C. Grimm
- Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Randall
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology, and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Christopher P. Mattison
- Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-504-286-4392
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6
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Oliveira OA, Ferreira SR, Ribeiro EDS, Ferreira ATS, Perales J, Fernandes KVS, Oliveira AEA. Deleterious effects of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi seed flour on cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), larval development. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 183:105082. [PMID: 35430072 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Schinus terebinthifolius, Raddi, has been extensively studied due to its anti-inflammatory and antibiotic properties. S. terebinthifolius was also toxic to some insects, however little has been explored about the nature of its insecticide compounds or the toxicity of this plant to insect species. In this work, we investigate the toxicity of S. terebinthifolius seed flour against the insect C. maculatus. S. terebinthifolius seed flour interfered with the post hatch development of the C. maculatus larvae, decreasing larval survival, mass and length. Using DEAE-cellulose chromatography, five protein fractions were isolated, a non-retained fraction (NRF) and four retained fractions, eluted with 0.25, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 M NaCl. Proteins with varying molecular masses were observed in all fractions. The majority protein bands were identified by mass spectrometry analysis and among the main identified proteins are 11S globulins (such glycinin), lipoxygenase, chitinases, 7S globulins (vicilins, canavalin and β conglycinin), annexin, catalase and sucrose binding protein. All DEAE-protein fractions were toxic to the insect, interfering with the post hatch larval development and survival. Decreases greater than 90% were observed in the larval mass and length at 20 days after oviposition (DAO) for larvae raised on diet containing 0.5% of some fractions. Alterations in the level of proteins, glucose and in the activity of the enzymes lipases and cysteine proteases were also detected in these larvae. Our results show that seeds of S. terebinthifolius have an arsenal of toxic proteins with potential for the control of the insect C. maculatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odara Araújo Oliveira
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sarah Rodrigues Ferreira
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Andre T S Ferreira
- Laboratório de Toxinologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jonas Perales
- Laboratório de Toxinologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Kátia V S Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonia E A Oliveira
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.
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7
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Morales-Amparano MB, Valenzuela-Corral A, Ramos-Clamont Montfort G, Vázquez-Moreno L, Escobedo-Moratilla A, Pastor-Palacios G, Ovando-Vázquez C, Teran LM, Huerta-Ocampo JÁ. Immunoproteomic identification of allergenic proteins in pecan (Carya illinoinensis) pollen. J Proteomics 2021; 248:104348. [PMID: 34391935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pecan (C. illinoinensis) pollen is an important cause of allergic respiratory disease. Pecan is distributed worldwide as shade, ornamental or cultivation tree. To date three well known pecan food allergens have been reported, however, pollen allergens have not been identified. Here, we describe the first identification of IgE recognized pecan pollen proteins, for which proteins were analyzed by 2-DE and immunoblotting using a pool of 8 sera from pecan sensitive patients as primary antibody. IgE recognized protein spots were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and identified using a database of translated protein sequences obtained by the assembly of C. illinoinensis public transcriptomic information. This study has identified 17 IgE binding proteins from pecan pollen including proteins widely recognized as allergens and panallergens. These findings will contribute to develop specific diagnosis and treatment of pecan pollen allergy. SIGNIFICANCE: Pecan is a tree highly valued for its fruits that have a great commercial value. To date three pecan seed storage proteins have been officially recognized by the WHO/IUIS allergen nomenclature subcommittee as food allergens (Car i 1, Car i 2 and Car i 4). Pecan tree pollen is highly allergenic and a clinically relevant cause of allergies in North America (USA and Mexico) and regions where the tree is extensively cultivated (Israel, South Africa, Australia, Egypt, Peru, Argentina, and Brazil). Here, we describe the first identification of IgE recognized pollen proteins using an immunoproteomics approach and a protein database created by the assembly of pecan public transcriptomic information. The findings described here will allow the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for pecan pollen allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luz Vázquez-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - Abraham Escobedo-Moratilla
- CONACYT-Consorcio de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para las Zonas Áridas-IPICYT, San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Pastor-Palacios
- CONACYT-Consorcio de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para las Zonas Áridas-IPICYT, San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico
| | | | - Luis M Teran
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico.
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8
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Fuhrmann V, Huang HJ, Akarsu A, Shilovskiy I, Elisyutina O, Khaitov M, van Hage M, Linhart B, Focke-Tejkl M, Valenta R, Sekerel BE. From Allergen Molecules to Molecular Immunotherapy of Nut Allergy: A Hard Nut to Crack. Front Immunol 2021; 12:742732. [PMID: 34630424 PMCID: PMC8496898 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Peanuts and tree nuts are two of the most common elicitors of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy. Nut allergy is frequently associated with systemic reactions and can lead to potentially life-threatening respiratory and circulatory symptoms. Furthermore, nut allergy usually persists throughout life. Whether sensitized patients exhibit severe and life-threatening reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis), mild and/or local reactions (e.g., pollen-food allergy syndrome) or no relevant symptoms depends much on IgE recognition of digestion-resistant class I food allergens, IgE cross-reactivity of class II food allergens with respiratory allergens and clinically not relevant plant-derived carbohydrate epitopes, respectively. Accordingly, molecular allergy diagnosis based on the measurement of allergen-specific IgE levels to allergen molecules provides important information in addition to provocation testing in the diagnosis of food allergy. Molecular allergy diagnosis helps identifying the genuinely sensitizing nuts, it determines IgE sensitization to class I and II food allergen molecules and hence provides a basis for personalized forms of treatment such as precise prescription of diet and allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Currently available forms of nut-specific AIT are based only on allergen extracts, have been mainly developed for peanut but not for other nuts and, unlike AIT for respiratory allergies which utilize often subcutaneous administration, are given preferentially by the oral route. Here we review prevalence of allergy to peanut and tree nuts in different populations of the world, summarize knowledge regarding the involved nut allergen molecules and current AIT approaches for nut allergy. We argue that nut-specific AIT may benefit from molecular subcutaneous AIT (SCIT) approaches but identify also possible hurdles for such an approach and explain why molecular SCIT may be a hard nut to crack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Fuhrmann
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Huey-Jy Huang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aysegul Akarsu
- Division of Allergy and Asthma, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Igor Shilovskiy
- Laboratory for Molecular Allergology, National Research Center (NRC) Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Elisyutina
- Laboratory for Molecular Allergology, National Research Center (NRC) Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Musa Khaitov
- Laboratory for Molecular Allergology, National Research Center (NRC) Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marianne van Hage
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University, Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgit Linhart
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarete Focke-Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Molecular Allergology, National Research Center (NRC) Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA) of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bulent Enis Sekerel
- Division of Allergy and Asthma, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Zhang J, Jiao Y, Sharma A, Shen D, Wei B, Hong C, Zheng B, Pan C. Transcriptomic analysis reveals potential pathways associated with salt resistance in pecan (Carya illinoensis K. Koch). J Biotechnol 2021; 330:17-26. [PMID: 33607173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a serious abiotic stress worldwide. Pecan plants (Carya illinoensis K. Koch) have been suggested for cultivation in soils with high levels of salinity owing to their huge demand. To understand the potential molecular mechanisms in pecan in response to salt stress, RNA-sequencing technology was used to compare the transcriptomes of pecan plants treated with 0, 0.3 %, or 0.6 % NaCl solutions. The results indicated that 170,086 unigenes were obtained from pecan leaf cDNA samples. Based on the assembled de novo transcriptome, 53, 535, and 7358 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between untreated and salt-treated leaves at 8, 24, and 48 h, respectively. Because of the large number of DEGs across different contrasts, a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was selected to identify gene pathways associated with salt treatment. A total of 1858 DEGs were enriched in 66 gene sets, including 22 up-regulated and 47 down-regulated gene sets in the salt treatment groups, compared with those in the control groups. The up-regulated gene sets were mainly involved in the response to salicylic acid; the regulation of the jasmonic acid-mediated signalling pathway during the short-term treatment (8 h); and the cellular response to hypoxia, cellular respiration, and RNA modification during the long-term treatment (24-48 h). The down-regulated gene sets were predominately associated with photosynthesis, water transport, and the metabolic biosynthetic process under salt stress. Genes related to the Really Interesting New Gene superfamily protein and F-box domain protein in the ubiquitin-dependent degradation pathway were significantly up-regulated or down-regulated in different periods of the regulating process. Overall, these results not only enrich genomic resources but also provide insights into the molecular mechanism in pecan under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Zhang
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; Institute of Forestry, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Science, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Yun Jiao
- Institute of Forestry, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Science, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Dengfeng Shen
- Institute of Forestry, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Science, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Institute of Forestry, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Science, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Chuntao Hong
- Institute of Forestry, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Science, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Cunde Pan
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
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10
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Larsen JM, Bang-Berthelsen CH, Qvortrup K, Sancho AI, Hansen AH, Andersen KIH, Thacker SSN, Eiwegger T, Upton J, Bøgh KL. Production of allergen-specific immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of food allergy. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:881-894. [PMID: 32515236 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1772194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (IT) is emerging as a viable avenue for the treatment of food allergies. Clinical trials currently investigate raw or slightly processed foods as therapeutic agents, as trials using food-grade agents can be performed without the strict regulations to which conventional drugs are subjected. However, this limits the ability of standardization and may affect clinical trial outcomes and reproducibility. Herein, we provide an overview of methods used in the production of immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of food allergies, including processed foods, allergen extracts, recombinant allergens, and synthetic peptides, as well as the physical and chemical processes for the reduction of protein allergenicity. Commercial interests currently favor producing standardized drug-grade allergen extracts for therapeutic use, and clinical trials are ongoing. In the near future, recombinant production could replace purification strategies since it allows the manufacturing of pure, native allergens or sequence-modified allergens with reduced allergenicity. A recurring issue within this field is the inadequate reporting of production procedures, quality control, product physicochemical characteristics, allergenicity, and immunological properties. This information is of vital importance in assessing therapeutic standardization and clinical safety profile, which are central parameters for the development of future therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Madura Larsen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Katrine Qvortrup
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ana Isabel Sancho
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julia Upton
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, The Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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11
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Liu C, Zaffran VD, Gupta S, Roux KH, Sathe SK. Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) detection using a monoclonal antibody-based direct sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Managing Cross-Reactivity in Those with Peanut Allergy. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 7:381-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Baker MG, Sampson HA. Phenotypes and endotypes of food allergy: A path to better understanding the pathogenesis and prognosis of food allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018; 120:245-253. [PMID: 29378246 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Grace Baker
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hugh A Sampson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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14
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Geiselhart S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Bublin M. Tree nut allergens. Mol Immunol 2018; 100:71-81. [PMID: 29680588 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tree nuts are considered as part of a healthy diet due to their high nutritional quality. However, they are also a potent source of allergenic proteins inducing IgE mediated hypersensitivity often causing serious, life-threatening reactions. The reported prevalence of tree nut allergy is up to 4.9% worldwide. The general term "tree nuts" comprises a number of nuts, seeds, and drupes, derived from trees from different botanical families. For hazelnut and walnut several allergens have been identified which are already partly applied in component resolved diagnosis, while for other tree nuts such as macadamia, coconut, and Brazil nut only individual allergens were identified and data on additional allergenic proteins are missing. This review summarizes the current knowledge on tree nut allergens and describes their physicochemical and immunological characterization and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Geiselhart
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Merima Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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15
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Abstract
Tree nut (TN) allergy is common and often severe. It has become an important health concern as availability and consumption have increased. Prevalence varies by age and geographic region and appears to have increased in children. Accidental ingestion of TNs is common. Unfortunately, there is a lower likelihood of resolution of TN allergy, roughly 10%. TN-specific skin tests and serum immunoglobulin E levels can help aid in the diagnosis of TN allergy, but a careful medical history is important because a positive test in isolation is not typically diagnostic. Component-resolved diagnostic tests are being increasingly utilized and may improve accuracy. Management consists of strict avoidance of the causal nut(s) and prompt treatment of symptoms upon accidental exposure. A specific consideration with regard to the management of TN allergy is the decision to avoid all TNs or only the TNs to which a patient is clinically allergic. There are currently no data on the primary or secondary prevention of TN allergy. Treatment strategies are being evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Weinberger
- The Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Kravis Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott Sicherer
- The Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Kravis Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Abstract
Recombinant protein allergens have been used in allergy studies, allergy diagnosis, and epitope mapping. Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are isolated from tissues of interest for complementary DNA (cDNA) library construction. Subsequently, the allergen gene is amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. The amplified gene is then cloned into an expression vector, expressed in Escherichia coli cells, and purified from the cell lysate. This chapter describes the protocols for recombinant allergen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqi Liu
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, 308 ENS Bldg., 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-7251, USA
| | - LeAnna N Willison
- School of Science, Mathematics and Computing, Albany State University, Albany, GA, 31707, USA
| | - Shridhar K Sathe
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, 420 Sandels Bldg., 120 Convocation Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-1493, USA.
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17
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Spiric J, Koppelman SJ, Knulst A, Nordlee JA, Taylor SL, Baumert JL. In vitro
digestion and characterisation of 2S albumin and digestion-resistant peptides in pecan. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Spiric
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program; Department of Food Science and Technology; University of Nebraska; Lincoln NE 68588-6207 USA
- Division of Allergology; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; 63225 Langen Germany
| | - Stef J. Koppelman
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program; Department of Food Science and Technology; University of Nebraska; Lincoln NE 68588-6207 USA
| | - Andre Knulst
- Department of Dermatology/Allergology; UMC Utrecht; 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Julie A. Nordlee
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program; Department of Food Science and Technology; University of Nebraska; Lincoln NE 68588-6207 USA
| | - Steve L. Taylor
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program; Department of Food Science and Technology; University of Nebraska; Lincoln NE 68588-6207 USA
| | - Joseph L. Baumert
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program; Department of Food Science and Technology; University of Nebraska; Lincoln NE 68588-6207 USA
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18
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Jin T, Wang C, Zhang C, Wang Y, Chen YW, Guo F, Howard A, Cao MJ, Fu TJ, McHugh TH, Zhang Y. Crystal Structure of Cocosin, A Potential Food Allergen from Coconut (Cocos nucifera). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7560-7568. [PMID: 28712292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Coconut (Cocos nucifera) is an important palm tree. Coconut fruit is widely consumed. The most abundant storage protein in coconut fruit is cocosin (a likely food allergen), which belongs to the 11S globulin family. Cocosin was crystallized near a century ago, but its structure remains unknown. By optimizing crystallization conditions and cryoprotectant solutions, we were able to obtain cocosin crystals that diffracted to 1.85 Å. The cocosin gene was cloned from genomic DNA isolated from dry coconut tissue. The protein sequence deduced from the predicted cocosin coding sequence was used to guide model building and structure refinement. The structure of cocosin was determined for the first time, and it revealed a typical 11S globulin feature of a double layer doughnut-shaped hexamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengchuan Jin
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Diseases, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology , 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University , Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Diseases, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University , Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Laboratory of Structural Immunology, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Diseases, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology , 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology , 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology , 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Andrew Howard
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology , 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Min-Jie Cao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University , Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Tong-Jen Fu
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Division of Food Processing Science and Technology, 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States
| | - Tara H McHugh
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Western Regional Research Center , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology , 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Western Regional Research Center , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
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19
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Vanga SK, Raghavan V. Processing effects on tree nut allergens: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:3794-3806. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1175415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Kranthi Vanga
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Studies, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Studies, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Mattison CP, Rai R, Settlage RE, Hinchliffe DJ, Madison C, Bland JM, Brashear S, Graham CJ, Tarver MR, Florane C, Bechtel PJ. RNA-Seq Analysis of Developing Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) Embryos Reveals Parallel Expression Patterns among Allergen and Lipid Metabolism Genes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:1443-1455. [PMID: 28121438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The pecan nut is a nutrient-rich part of a healthy diet full of beneficial fatty acids and antioxidants, but can also cause allergic reactions in people suffering from food allergy to the nuts. The transcriptome of a developing pecan nut was characterized to identify the gene expression occurring during the process of nut development and to highlight those genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and those that commonly act as food allergens. Pecan samples were collected at several time points during the embryo development process including the water, gel, dough, and mature nut stages. Library preparation and sequencing were performed using Illumina-based mRNA HiSeq with RNA from four time points during the growing season during August and September 2012. Sequence analysis with Trinotate software following the Trinity protocol identified 133,000 unigenes with 52,267 named transcripts and 45,882 annotated genes. A total of 27,312 genes were defined by GO annotation. Gene expression clustering analysis identified 12 different gene expression profiles, each containing a number of genes. Three pecan seed storage proteins that commonly act as allergens, Car i 1, Car i 2, and Car i 4, were significantly up-regulated during the time course. Up-regulated fatty acid metabolism genes that were identified included acyl-[ACP] desaturase and omega-6 desaturase genes involved in oleic and linoleic acid metabolism. Notably, a few of the up-regulated acyl-[ACP] desaturase and omega-6 desaturase genes that were identified have expression patterns similar to the allergen genes based upon gene expression clustering and qPCR analysis. These findings suggest the possibility of coordinated accumulation of lipids and allergens during pecan nut embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Mattison
- Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Ruhi Rai
- Virginia Bioinformatics Institute , 1015 Life Science Circle, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Robert E Settlage
- Virginia Bioinformatics Institute , 1015 Life Science Circle, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Doug J Hinchliffe
- Southern Regional Research Center, CCU, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Crista Madison
- Southern Regional Research Center, CCU, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - John M Bland
- Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Suzanne Brashear
- Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Charles J Graham
- Pecan Research & Extension Station, Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University-AgCenter , 10300 Harts Island Road, Shreveport, Louisiana 71115, United States
| | - Matthew R Tarver
- Biologics, Bayer CropScience , 890 Embarcadero Drive, West Sacramento, California 95605, United States
| | - Christopher Florane
- Southern Regional Research Center, CFB, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Peter J Bechtel
- Southern Regional Research Center, FPSQ, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
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21
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Eigenmann PA, Lack G, Mazon A, Nieto A, Haddad D, Brough HA, Caubet JC. Managing Nut Allergy: A Remaining Clinical Challenge. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2016; 5:296-300. [PMID: 27793601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peanut and tree nut allergies have become a public health problem over the last 2 decades. The diagnostic procedure relies on a suggestive history, as well as on evidence of sensitization (skin prick testing and/or specific IgE blood testing), followed in selected cases by a food challenge. Standard IgE tests may be positive to more than 1 nut, due to cross-reactivity (allergens common to several nuts) or cosensitivity (frequently associated positive test results without cross-reactivity). Thus, many patients with a peanut or a tree nut allergy avoid all nuts, relying on positive test results without clinical evidence of reactivity. In addition, coexisting pollen sensitivity may add to diagnostic uncertainty due to potential cross-reactivity between pollens and nuts. In this article, we discuss challenges in diagnosis and clinical management of peanut and tree nut allergy related to cross-reactivity and cosensitization, as well as the avoidance of nuts tested positive to reduce the risk of reactions by cross-contamination. Studies to provide more accurate characterization of genuine clinically relevant cross-reactivity or cosensitivity to multiple nuts are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe A Eigenmann
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Gideon Lack
- King's College London, Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angel Mazon
- Children's Hospital La Fe, Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Unit, Instituto de Investigacion La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Nieto
- Children's Hospital La Fe, Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Unit, Instituto de Investigacion La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Diab Haddad
- St Peter's Hospital, Chertsey, United Kingdom
| | - Helen A Brough
- King's College London, Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Christoph Caubet
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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22
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Zhang Y, Lee B, Du WX, Lyu SC, Nadeau KC, Grauke LJ, Zhang Y, Wang S, Fan Y, Yi J, McHugh TH. Identification and Characterization of a New Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] Allergen, Car i 2. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4146-4151. [PMID: 27128197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The 7S vicilin and 11S legumin seed storage globulins belong to the cupin protein superfamily and are major food allergens in many foods from the "big eight" food allergen groups. Here, for the first time, pecan vicilin was found to be a food allergen. Western blot experiments revealed that 30% of 27 sera used in this study and 24% of the sera from 25 patients with double-blind, placebo controlled clinical pecan allergy contained IgE antibodies specific to pecan vicilin. This allergen consists of a low-complexity region at its N-terminal and a structured domain at the C-terminal that contains two cupin motifs and forms homotrimers. The crystal structure of recombinant pecan vicilin was determined. The refined structure gave R/Rfree values of 0.218/0.262 for all data to 2.65 Å. There were two trimeric biological units in the crystallographic asymmetric unit. Pecan vicilin is also a copper protein. These data may facilitate the understanding of the nutritional value and the allergenicity relevance of the copper binding property of seed storage proteins in tree nuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zhang
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - BoRam Lee
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Wen-Xian Du
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Larry J Grauke
- Crop Germplasm Research, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS-SPA , 2881 F&B Road, College Station, Texas 77845, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Yuting Fan
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiang Yi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tara H McHugh
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
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23
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Saeed H, Gagnon C, Cober E, Gleddie S. Using patient serum to epitope map soybean glycinins reveals common epitopes shared with many legumes and tree nuts. Mol Immunol 2016; 70:125-33. [PMID: 26766775 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Soybean consumption is increasing in many Western diets; however, recent reviews suggest that the prevalence of soy allergy can be as high as 0.5% for the general population and up to 13% for children. The immunoglobulin-E (IgE) binding of sera from six soy-sensitive adult human subjects to soybean proteins separated by 2D gel electrophoresis was studied. Synthetic peptide sets spanning the mature glycinin subunit A2 and A3 primary sequences were used to map the IgE-binding regions. Putative epitopes identified in this study were also localized on glycinin hexamer models using bioinformatics software. We identified linear IgE-binding epitopes of the major storage protein Gly m 6 by screening individual soy-sensitive patient sera. These epitopes were then further analysed by 3D in silico model localization and compared to other plant storage protein epitopes. Web-based software applications were also used to study the ability to accurately predict epitopes with mixed results. A total of nine putative IgE-binding epitopes were identified in the glycinin A3 (A3.1-A3.3) and A2 (A2.1-A2.6) subunits. Most patients' sera IgE bound to only one or two epitopes, except for one patient's serum which bound to four different A2 epitopes. Two epitopes (A3.2 and A2.4) overlapped with a previously identified epitope hot spot of 11S globulins from other plant species. Most epitopes were predicted to be exposed on the surface of the 3D model of the glycinin hexamer. Amino acid sequence alignments of soybean acidic glycinins and other plant globulins revealed one dominant epitope hot spot among the four reported hot spots. This study may be helpful for future development of soy allergy immunotherapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Saeed
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research & Development Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research & Development Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Elroy Cober
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research & Development Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Steve Gleddie
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research & Development Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada.
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Liu C, Chhabra GS, Sathe SK. Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Detection and Quantification Using a Murine Monoclonal Antibody-Based Direct Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9139-9149. [PMID: 26416205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A commercially available direct sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (BioFront Technologies, Tallahassee, FL, USA) using murine anti-pistachio monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as capture and detection antibodies was evaluated. The assay was sensitive (limit of detection = 0.09 ± 0.02 ppm full fat pistachio, linear detection range = 0.5-36 ppm, 50% maximum signal concentration = 7.9 ± 0.7 ppm), reproducible (intra- and inter-assay variability < 24% CV), and rapid (post-extraction testing time ∼ 1.5 h). The target antigen was stable and detectable in whole pistachio seeds subjected to autoclaving (121 °C, 15 psi, 15, 30 min), blanching (100 °C, 5, 10 min), frying (191 °C, 1 min), microwaving (500, 1000 W, 3 min), and dry roasting (140 °C, 30 min; 168 °C, 12 min). No cross-reactivity was observed in 156 food matrices, each tested at 100,000 ppm, suggesting the ELISA to be pistachio specific. The pistachio recovery ranges for spiked (10 ppm) and incurred (10-50000 ppm) food matrices were 93.1-125.6% and 35.7-112.2%, respectively. The assay did not register any false-positive or -negative results among the tested commercial and laboratory prepared samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqi Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Guneet S Chhabra
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Shridhar K Sathe
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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25
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Scientific Opinion on the evaluation of allergenic foods and food ingredients for labelling purposes. EFSA J 2014. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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26
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Lee B, Zhang R, Du WX, Grauke LJ, McHugh TH, Zhang YZ. Expression, purification and crystallization of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) vicilin. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2014; 70:1049-52. [PMID: 25084379 PMCID: PMC4118801 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x14012369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tree nuts are responsible for many cases of severe food allergies. The 7S seed storage protein vicilin has been identified as a food allergen in many kinds of tree nuts. The vicilin protein consists of an N-terminal low-complexity region with antimicrobial activity and a C-terminal domain that forms a trimeric structure that belongs to the cupin superfamily. In this study, vicilin from pecan (Carya illinoinensis) was isolated and was expressed in bacteria for the first time. The cupin structural core of the protein, residues 369-792, was purified by metal-affinity and gel-filtration chromatography to high purity. Vicilin crystals were obtained and the best crystal diffracted to 2.65 Å resolution in space group P212121.
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Affiliation(s)
- BoRam Lee
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA–ARS–PWA, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Renhao Zhang
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA–ARS–PWA, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Wen-Xian Du
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA–ARS–PWA, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Larry J. Grauke
- Crop Germplasm Research, USDA–ARS–SPA, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, 2881 F&B Road, College Station, TX 778450, USA
| | - Tara H. McHugh
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA–ARS–PWA, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Yu-Zhu Zhang
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA–ARS–PWA, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
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27
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Production and analysis of recombinant tree nut allergens. Methods 2014; 66:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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28
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Myrset HR, Fæste CK, Kristiansen PE, Dooper MM. Mapping of the Immunodominant Regions of Shrimp Tropomyosin Pan b 1 by Human IgE-Binding and IgE Receptor Crosslinking Studies. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013; 162:25-38. [DOI: 10.1159/000350791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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29
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Willison LN, Zhang Q, Su M, Teuber SS, Sathe SK, Roux KH. Conformational epitope mapping of Pru du 6, a major allergen from almond nut. Mol Immunol 2013; 55:253-63. [PMID: 23498967 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tree nuts are a widely consumed food. Although enjoyed safely by most individuals, allergic reactions to tree nuts, including almond, are not uncommon. Almond prunin (Pru du 6), an 11S globulin (legumin), is an abundant nut seed protein and a major allergen. Conformational epitope mapping studies of prunin have been performed with a murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) 4C10. This mAb reacts with non-reduced but not reduced prunin in immunoblotting assays, indicating the recognition of a conformational epitope. 4C10 competes with patient IgE, as assessed by ELISA, indicating clinical significance of the epitope. To characterize the 4C10 epitope, hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) monitored by 14.5 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MS) was performed on the native prunin-4C10 complex and on uncomplexed native prunin. Several epitope candidate peptides that differ in deuterium uptake between the complexed and uncomplexed forms were identified. The epitope was further mapped by analyzing chimeric molecules incorporating segments of the homologous soybean allergen, Gly m 6, in immunoassays. These data indicate that the 4C10 epitope overlaps with a subset of patient IgE binding epitopes on almond prunin and further supports HDX-MS as a valid technique for mapping conformational epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- LeAnna N Willison
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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30
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Sirvent S, Akotenou M, Cuesta-Herranz J, Vereda A, Rodríguez R, Villalba M, Palomares O. The 11S globulin Sin a 2 from yellow mustard seeds shows IgE cross-reactivity with homologous counterparts from tree nuts and peanut. Clin Transl Allergy 2012; 2:23. [PMID: 23231956 PMCID: PMC3583068 DOI: 10.1186/2045-7022-2-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 11S globulin Sin a 2 is a marker to predict severity of symptoms in mustard allergic patients. The potential implication of Sin a 2 in cross-reactivity with tree nuts and peanut has not been investigated so far. In this work, we studied at the IgG and IgE level the involvement of the 11S globulin Sin a 2 in cross-reactivity among mustard, tree nuts and peanut. Methods Eleven well-characterized mustard-allergic patients sensitized to Sin a 2 were included in the study. A specific anti-Sin a 2 serum was obtained in rabbit. Skin prick tests (SPT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblotting and IgG or IgE-inhibition immunoblotting experiments using purified Sin a 2, Sin a 1, Sin a 3, mustard, almond, hazelnut, pistachio, walnut or peanut extracts were performed. Results The rabbit anti-Sin a 2 serum showed high affinity and specificity to Sin a 2, which allowed us to demonstrate that Sin a 2 shares IgG epitopes with allergenic 11S globulins from tree nuts (almond, hazelnut, pistachio and walnut) but not from peanut. All the patients included in the study had positive skin prick test to tree nuts and/or peanut and we subdivided them into two different groups according to their clinical symptoms after ingestion of such allergenic sources. We showed that 11S globulins contain conserved IgE epitopes involved in cross-reactivity among mustard, tree nuts and peanut as well as species-specific IgE epitopes. Conclusions The allergenic 11S globulin Sin a 2 from mustard is involved in cross-reactivity at the IgE level with tree nuts and peanut. Although the clinical relevance of the cross-reactive IgE epitopes present in 11S globulins needs to be investigated in further detail, our results contribute to improve the diagnosis and management of mustard allergic patients sensitized to Sin a 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Sirvent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
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