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Elucidation of Natural Components of Gardenia thunbergia Thunb. Leaves: Effect of Methanol Extract and Rutin on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020879. [PMID: 36677937 PMCID: PMC9866290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD has strained the healthcare system. Natural products could solve this problem, so the current study focused on the impact of G. thunbergia Thunb. against this ailment. LC-ESI-MS/MS revealed the phytochemical profile of the methanol extract from Gardenia thunbergia leaves (GME). Forty-eight compounds were tentatively identified, and stigmasterol, fucosterol, ursolic acid, and rutin were isolated. The separation of the last three compounds from this plant had not before been achieved. The anti-NAFLD effect of the methanol extract of the leaves of G. thunbergia, and its major metabolite, rutin, was assessed in mice against high-fructose diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Male mice were allocated into nine groups: (1) saline (control), (2) 30% fructose (diseased group), (3) HFD, and 10 mg/kg of simvastatin. Groups 4-6 were administered HFD and rutin 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg. Groups (7-9) were administered HFD and methanol extract of leaves 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg. Methanol extract of G. thunbergia leaves at 200 mg/kg, and rutin at 75 mg/kg significantly reduced HFD-induced increments in mice weight and hepatic damage indicators (AST and ALT), steatosis, and hypertrophy. The levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides in the blood decreased. In addition, the expressions of CYP2E1, JNK1, and iNOS in the diseased mice were downregulated. This study found that GME and rutin could ameliorate NAFLD in HFD-fed mice, with results comparable to simvastatin, validating G. thunbergia's hepatoprotective effects.
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Hanioka N, Tanaka-Kagawa T, Mori Y, Ikushiro S, Jinno H, Ohkawara S, Isobe T. Regioselective Glucuronidation of Flavones at C5, C7, and C4′ Positions in Human Liver and Intestinal Microsomes: Comparison among Apigenin, Acacetin, and Genkwanin. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1116-1123. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yoko Mori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
| | | | | | - Susumu Ohkawara
- Department of Health Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
| | - Takashi Isobe
- Department of Health Pharmacy, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
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Gao S, Siddiqui N, Etim I, Du T, Zhang Y, Liang D. Developing nutritional component chrysin as a therapeutic agent: Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics consideration, and ADME mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112080. [PMID: 34449320 PMCID: PMC8653576 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysin is a promising naturally occurring flavonoid mainly found in honey and propolis. Although chrysin's biological activities have been demonstrated and the mechanism of actions has been determined using in vitro and in vivo models, results from the current clinical studies were largely negative. A potential reason for chrysin's low efficacy in humans is poor oral bioavailability. In this paper, we reviewed the preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetics studies of chrysin and analyzed the mechanism of poor in vivo efficacy with emphasis on its bioavailability and ADME mechanism. Low aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism mediated by UGTs and SULT, efficient excretion through efflux transporters including BCRP and MRP2 are the major reasons causing poor systemic bioavailability for chrysin. However, because of efficient enterohepatic recycling facilitated by phase II metabolism and efflux, chrysin's bioavailability in the low GI tract is high. Thus, chrysin can be ideal for treating diseases in the terminal ileum and colon (e.g., carcinoma, local infection) since it is localized in the lower GI tract with limited delivery to other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004.
| | - Nyma Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
| | - Imoh Etim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
| | - Ting Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne Street, Houston, TX, USA 77004
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Yu H, Song R, Kong Y, Cao T, Chen Y. Synthesis, crystal structure and spectral properties of a copper(II) complex with flavonoxylacetate ligand. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1755035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yangyang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ancuceanu R, Dinu M, Dinu-Pirvu C, Anuţa V, Negulescu V. Pharmacokinetics of B-Ring Unsubstituted Flavones. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E370. [PMID: 31374885 PMCID: PMC6723510 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
B-ring unsubstituted flavones (of which the most widely known are chrysin, baicalein, wogonin, and oroxylin A) are 2-phenylchromen-4-one molecules of which the B-ring is devoid of any hydroxy, methoxy, or other substituent. They may be found naturally in a number of herbal products used for therapeutic purposes, and several have been designed by researchers and obtained in the laboratory. They have generated interest in the scientific community for their potential use in a variety of pathologies, and understanding their pharmacokinetics is important for a grasp of their optimal use. Based on a comprehensive survey of the relevant literature, this paper examines their absorption (with deglycosylation as a preliminary step) and their fate in the body, from metabolism to excretion. Differences among species (inter-individual) and within the same species (intra-individual) variability have been examined based on the available data, and finally, knowledge gaps and directions of future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ancuceanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Dinu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Dinu-Pirvu
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Valentina Anuţa
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Vlad Negulescu
- Department of Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Nie JY, Li R, Wang Y, Tan J, Tang SH, Jiang ZT. Antioxidant activity evaluation of rosemary ethanol extract and their cellular antioxidant activity toward HeLa cells. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12851. [PMID: 31353697 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Rosemary ethanol extract (REE) from Rosmarinus officinalis was identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS and 12 compounds were found. Among them, rosmarinic acid (389.78 μg/mg in REE), luteolin-3'-O-glucuronide (325.58 μg/mg), luteolin-5-O-glucuronide (120.92 μg/mg), and geniposide (120.83 μg/mg) are the major components. The antioxidant activity evaluation of REE by off-line HPLC methods indicated that among the 12 compounds, rosmarinic acid had the strongest scavenging activities in both DPPH· and ·OH. The cytotoxicity experiment showed that REE with the concentration ranges from 1 to 100 µg/ml did not significantly affect the cell viability of HeLa, while inhibitory rate reduced to 62.3% when the concentration was increased to 1,000 µg/ml. The results of intracellular antioxidation assay showed that the ability of REE in reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HeLa cells was higher than rosmanol, and lower than rosmarinic acid without cell toxicity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Plant polyphenols are essential components of functional foods, due to their antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities. This paper is the first study about the quantification of antioxidant compounds, antioxidant activity evaluation, and their cellular antioxidant activity of polyphenols extract from R. officinalis toward HeLa cells. We aimed to elucidate the chemical composition and recognition of antioxidant components with DPPH and OH free radicals scavenging activity. In addition, the polyphenols dose-response correlations with cellular antioxidant activity were also determined. These results indicated that off-line HPLC method with DPPH and OH free radicals as markers is available for screening antioxidant activity of polyphenols from the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yu Nie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu-Hua Tang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Zi-Tao Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
- School of Food Engineering, Tianjin Tianshi College, Tianjin, China
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7
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Chemical profiles and quality evaluation of Buddleja officinalis flowers by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 164:283-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road; Shanghai 20032 China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road; Shanghai 20032 China
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Docampo M, Olubu A, Wang X, Pasinetti G, Dixon RA. Glucuronidated Flavonoids in Neurological Protection: Structural Analysis and Approaches for Chemical and Biological Synthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7607-7623. [PMID: 28789524 PMCID: PMC5954986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Both plant and mammalian cells express glucuronosyltransferases that catalyze glucuronidation of polyphenols such as flavonoids and other small molecules. Oral administration of select polyphenolic compounds leads to the accumulation of the corresponding glucuronidated metabolites at μM and sub-μM concentrations in the brain, associated with amelioration of a range of neurological symptoms. Determining the mechanisms whereby botanical extracts impact cognitive wellbeing and psychological resiliency will require investigation of the modes of action of the brain-targeted metabolites. Unfortunately, many of these compounds are not commercially available. This article describes the latest approaches for the analysis and synthesis of glucuronidated flavonoids. Synthetic schemes include both standard organic synthesis, semisynthesis, enzymatic synthesis and use of synthetic biology utilizing heterologous enzymes in microbial platform organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Docampo
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Adiji Olubu
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Giulio Pasinetti
- Department of Psychiatry, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Richard A Dixon
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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Dong D, Quan E, Yuan X, Xie Q, Li Z, Wu B. Sodium Oleate-Based Nanoemulsion Enhances Oral Absorption of Chrysin through Inhibition of UGT-Mediated Metabolism. Mol Pharm 2016; 14:2864-2874. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Dong
- International
Ocular Surface Research Center and Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enxi Quan
- Division
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Yuan
- Division
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Xie
- Division
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- International
Ocular Surface Research Center and Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojian Wu
- Division
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Hsieh SK, Chung TY, Li YC, Lo YH, Lin NH, Kuo PC, Chen WY, Tzen JTC. Ginkgoghrelins, unique acylated flavonoid diglycosides in Folium Ginkgo, stimulate growth hormone secretion via activation of the ghrelin receptor. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:237-247. [PMID: 27523747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Folium Ginkgo, the dried leaf of Ginkgo biloba L. is a traditional Chinese medicine listed in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China with several therapeutic effects, including prevention of aging. It is used as herbal medicine for the treatment of several aging-related diseases. The therapeutic effects of Folium Ginkgo on aging-related diseases are suspected to be similar to the anti-aging effects of growth hormone release induced by ghrelin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Candidate components responsible for the anti-aging effects via the ghrelin receptor-activated pathway were searched from the known compounds found in Folium Ginkgo. Two acylated flavonoid diglycosides, tentatively named ginkgoghrelins in this study, were selected and isolated from the methanol extract of Folium Ginkgo, and their chemical structures were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis. These two compounds were examined for their capability of stimulating growth hormone release of rat primary anterior pituitary cells via activation of the ghrelin receptor. The major metabolites of ginkgoghrelins in rat bile were detected after intravenous injection and structurally analyzed by mass spectroscopy. Molecular modeling of ginkgoghrelins docking to the ghrelin receptor was exhibited to explore the possible interaction within the binding pocket. RESULTS Similar to growth hormone-releasing hormone-6 (GHRP-6), a synthetic analog of ghrelin, ginkgoghrelins were demonstrated to stimulate growth hormone secretion of rat primary anterior pituitary cells in a dose dependent manner, and the stimulation was inhibited by [d-Arg1, d-Phe5, d-Trp7,9, Leu11]-substance P, an inverse agonist of the ghrelin receptor. Putative metabolites of ginkgoghrelins via glucuronidation and methylation were detected in bile of rats after intravenous injection. Molecular modeling and docking showed that ginkgoghrelins as well as GHRP-6 could fit in and adequately interact with the binding pocket of the ghrelin receptor. CONCLUSION The results suggest that ginkgoghrelins are putative components partly accounting for the anti-aging effects of Folium Ginkgo possibly via activation of the ghrelin receptor, and possess great potential to be developed as non-peptidyl analogs of ghrelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kuo Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Yu Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Chiun Li
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hao Lo
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Hei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jason T C Tzen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Romand S, Rudaz S, Guillarme D. Separation of substrates and closely related glucuronide metabolites using various chromatographic modes. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1435:54-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Li Q, Wang L, Dai P, Zeng X, Qi X, Zhu L, Yan T, Wang Y, Lu L, Hu M, Wang X, Liu Z. A combined strategy of mass fragmentation, post-column cobalt complexation and shift in ultraviolet absorption spectra to determine the uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase metabolism profiling of flavones after oral administration of a flavone mixture in rats. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1395:116-28. [PMID: 25892633 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of dietary flavones is becoming increasingly popular for their prevention of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and other diseases. Despite many pharmacokinetic studies on flavone mixtures, the position(s) of glucuronidation sites on the flavone skeleton in vivo remain(s) uncertain because of the lack of a convenient method to differentiate the isomers in biological samples. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop a new strategy to identify the position of the mono-O-glucuronide of flavones in vivo and to simultaneously determine the parent agent and its major metabolites responsible for complex pharmacokinetic characteristics. The novel strategy involves accurate mass measurements of flavone glucuronides, their [Co(II) (flavone glucuronide-H) (4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)2](+) complexes generated via the post-column addition of CoBr2 and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and their mass spectrometric fragmentation by UPLC-DAD-Q-TOF and the comparison of retention times with biosynthesized standards of different isomers that were identified by analyzing the shift in UV spectra compared with the spectra of their respective aglycones. We successfully generated a metabolite profiling of flavones in rat plasma after oral administration of a flavone mixture from Dracocephalum moldavica L., which was used here as the model to demonstrate the strategy. Twelve flavone glucuronides, which were glucuronidated derivatives of acacetin, apigenin, luteolin, diosmetin, chrysoeriol and cirsimaritin, were detected and identified. Glucuronidation of the flavone skeleton at the 3'-/7-position was more prevalent, however, luteolin 4'-glucuronide levels exceeded luteolin 7-glucuronide levels. Based on the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) metabolism profiling of flavones in rat plasma, six main compounds (tilianin, acacetin 7-glucuronide, apigenin 7-glucuronide, luteolin 3'-glucuronide, acacetin, and apigenin) were selected as pharmacokinetic markers. Pharmacokinetic results indicated that their maximal concentrations in blood were obtained within 0.4h, except for the concentration of luteolin 3'-glucronide (approximately 9h). Rat exposure was practically non-linear under the studied dosages (200 to 400mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Peimin Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongmeng Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Hu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinchun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Petreska Stanoeva J, Stefova M. Assay of urinary excretion of polyphenols after ingestion of a cup of mountain tea (Sideritis scardica) measured by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:10488-10497. [PMID: 24102372 DOI: 10.1021/jf403052w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids and phenolic acid metabolites excreted in human urine after ingestion of Sideritis scardica decoction with characterized polyphenolic composition were studied. A feeding study was carried out with 10 human volunteers, and urine samples were collected for 24 h after ingestion of the Sidertis decoction. Polyphenol metabolites were identified and quantified in urine samples by HPLC with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Thirty-one different metabolites of hypolaetin, methylhypolaetin, isoscutellarein, methylisoscutellarein, and apigenin and 32 phenolic acid metabolites were detected and quantified using a method validated for this purpose. The urinary excretion of polyphenol metabolites corresponded to 5% (n/n) of the intake of polyphenols from the Sideritis decoction. Flavonoid metabolites were dominant in urine samples with 87-94% of total polyphenolic metabolites content. The most abundant metabolites were methylhypolaetin and methylisoscutellarein glucuronides. Urinary excretion of isoscutellarein (35.61%) was 10 times higher than that of hypolaetin (3.67%). Apigenin also showed high urinary excretion (32.46%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University , Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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Niemeyer ED, Brodbelt JS. Regiospecificity of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms in chalcone and flavanone glucuronidation determined by metal complexation and tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:1121-32. [PMID: 23713759 PMCID: PMC3710688 DOI: 10.1021/np400195z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The glucuronidation of a series of chalcones (2'-hydroxychalcone, 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone, 3,2'-dihydroxychalcone, 4,2'-dihydroxychalcone, and cardamonin) and their corresponding cyclized flavanones (7-hydroxyflavanone, 3'-hydroxyflavanone, 4'-hydroxyflavanone, and alpinetin) by eight human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A enzymes was evaluated. A postcolumn metal complexation LC-MS/MS strategy was used successfully to produce characteristic mass spectrometric product ions that were utilized in combination with elution order trends to identify chalcone and flavanone monoglucuronides unambiguously, thus allowing determination of the regioselectivities of the UGT1A isoforms. The presence of hydroxy groups on the A- or B-ring had a significant effect on the glucuronide product yield and the site where glucuronidation occurred. For example, for reaction with UGT1A9, formation of the 2'-O-glucuronide was increased for dihydroxychalcones with A-ring hydroxy substituents. In contrast, although UGT1A8 reacted with 3,2'-dihydroxychalcone and 4,2'-dihydroxychalcone to yield 2'-O-glucuronide products, the presence of a B-ring hydroxy group at the 4' position on cardamonin and 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone quenched the reaction at the OH-2' position. Moreover, the A-ring OH-4 group promoted glucuronidation at the 2' position for the reaction of 4,2'-dihydroxychalcone with UGT1A1 and 1A3. For UGT1A7, hydroxy group substituents on the chalcone A-ring also promoted cyclization and formation of the corresponding flavanone glucuronide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily D Niemeyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southwestern University, Georgetown, Texas 78626, USA.
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Ma GY, Cao YF, Hu CM, Fang ZZ, Sun XY, Hong M, Zhu ZT. Comparison of Inhibition Capability of Scutellarein and Scutellarin Towards Important Liver UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) Isoforms. Phytother Res 2013; 28:382-6. [PMID: 23620377 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-You Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; Jinzhou 121001 China
| | - Yun-Feng Cao
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of sciences and The first Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; No.457, Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Cui-Min Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; Jinzhou 121001 China
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of sciences and The first Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; No.457, Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zhong-Ze Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; Jinzhou 121001 China
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of sciences and The first Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; No.457, Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute; Bethesda Maryland 20892 USA
| | - Xiao-Yu Sun
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of sciences and The first Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; No.457, Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Mo Hong
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of sciences and The first Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; No.457, Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Zhi-Tu Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University; Jinzhou 121001 China
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