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Attar ES, Chaudhari VH, Deokar CG, Dyawanapelly S, Devarajan PV. Nano Drug Delivery Strategies for an Oral Bioenhanced Quercetin Formulation. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 48:495-514. [PMID: 37523008 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, has been credited with a wide spectrum of therapeutic properties. However, the oral use of quercetin is limited due to its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and rapid plasma clearance. Quercetin has been studied extensively when used with various nanodelivery systems for enhancing quercetin bioavailability. To enhance its oral bioavailability and efficacy, various quercetin-loaded nanosystems such as nanosuspensions, polymer nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, emulsions, liposomes or phytosomes, micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and other lipid-based nanoparticles have been investigated in in-vitro cells, in-vivo animal models, and humans. Among the aforementioned nanosystems, quercetin phytosomes are attracting more interest and are available on the market. The present review covers insights into the possibilities of harnessing quercetin for several therapeutic applications and a special focus on anticancer applications and the clinical benefits of nanoquercetin formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha S Attar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Vanashree H Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Chaitanya G Deokar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Sathish Dyawanapelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Padma V Devarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India.
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Sahoo P, Jana P, Kundu S, Mishra S, Chattopadhyay K, Mukherjee A, Ghosh CK. Quercetin@Gd 3+ doped Prussian blue nanocubes induce the pyroptotic death of MDA-MB-231 cells: combinational targeted multimodal therapy, dual modal MRI, intuitive modelling of r1- r2 relaxivities. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37366114 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00316g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (Qu), a potential bioflavonoid has gained considerable interest as a promising chemotherapeutic drug which can inhibit the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells due to its regulation of the expression of tumor-suppressor gene metastasis and antioxidant property. Notably, Qu exhibits a very negligible cytotoxic effect on normal cells, even with high-dose treatment, while it is shows high affinity to TNBC. However, the efficiency of Qu is limited clinically due to its poor bioavailability, caused by its low aqueous solubility (2.15 μg mL-1 at 25 °C), rapid gastrointestinal digestion and chemical instability in alkaline and neutral media. Herein, polydopamine (PDA)-coated, NH2-PEG-NH2 and hyaluronic acid (HA)-functionalized Gd3+-doped Prussian blue nanocubes (GPBNC) are reported as a multifunctional platform for the codelivery of Qu as a chemotherapeutic agent and GPBNC as a photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal (PTT) agent with improved therapeutic efficiency to overcome theses barriers. PDA, NH2-PEG-NH2 and HA stabilize GPBNC@Qu and facilitate bioavailability and active-targeting, while absorption of near infrared (NIR) (808 nm; 1 W cm-2) induces PDT and PTT activities and dual T1-T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high relaxometric parameters (r1 10.06 mM-1 s-1 and r2 24.96 mM-1 s-1 at a magnetic field of 3 T). The designed platform shows a pH-responsive Qu release profile and NIR-induced therapeutic efficiency of ∼79% in 20 minutes of irradiation, wherein N-terminal gardermin D (N-GSDMD) and a P2X7-receptor-mediated pyroptosis pathway induces cell death, corroborating the up-regulation of NLRP3, caspase-1, caspase-5, N-GSDMD, IL-1β, cleaved Pannexin-1 and P2X7 proteins. More interestingly, the increasing relaxivity values of Prussian blue nanocubes with Gd3+ doping have been explained on the basis of Solomon-Bloembergen-Morgan theory, considering inner- and outer-sphere relaxivity, wherein crystal defects, coordinated water molecules, tumbling rate, metal to water proton distance, correlation time, magnetisation value etc. play a significant role. In summary, our study suggests that GPBNC could be a beneficial nanocarrier for theranostic purposes against TNBC, while our conceptual study clearly demonstrates the role of various factors in increasing relaxometric parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchanan Sahoo
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Biological Science Division, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Pulak Jana
- Structural Biology & Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh-201002, India
| | - Sudip Kundu
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Snehasis Mishra
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Krishnananda Chattopadhyay
- Structural Biology & Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Mukherjee
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Biological Science Division, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Chandan Kumar Ghosh
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
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Homayoonfal M, Gilasi H, Asemi Z, Mahabady MK, Asemi R, Yousefi B. Quercetin modulates signal transductions and targets non-coding RNAs against cancer development. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110667. [PMID: 37023996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, various investigations have indicated that natural compounds have great potential in the prevention and treatment of different chronic disorders including different types of cancer. As a bioactive flavonoid, Quercetin (Qu) is a dietary ingredient enjoying high pharmacological values and health-promoting effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characterization. Conclusive in vitro and in vivo evidence has revealed that Qu has great potential in cancer prevention and development. Qu exerts its anticancer influences by altering various cellular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, metastasis, cell cycle, and proliferation. In this way, Qu by targeting numerous signaling pathways as well as non-coding RNAs regulates several cellular mechanisms to suppress cancer occurrence and promotion. This review aimed to summarize the impact of Qu on the molecular pathways and non-coding RNAs in modulating various cancer-associated cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Gilasi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Kumar G, Du B, Chen J. Effects and mechanisms of dietary bioactive compounds on breast cancer prevention. Pharmacol Res 2021; 178:105974. [PMID: 34818569 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most often diagnosed cancer among females globally and has become an increasing global health issue over the last decades. Despite the substantial improvement in screening methods for initial diagnosis, effective therapy remains lacking. Still, there has been high recurrence and disease progression after treatment of surgery, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Considering this view, there is a crucial requirement to develop safe, freely accessible, and effective anticancer therapy for BC. The dietary bioactive compounds as auspicious anticancer agents have been recognized to be active and their implications in the treatment of BC with negligible side effects. Hence, this review focused on various dietary bioactive compounds as potential therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of BC with the mechanisms of action. Bioactive compounds have chemo-preventive properties as they inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, downregulate the expression of estrogen receptors, and cell cycle arrest by inducing apoptotic settings in tumor cells. Therapeutic drugs or natural compounds generally incorporate engineered nanoparticles with ideal sizes, shapes, and enhance their solubility, circulatory half-life, and biodistribution. All data of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of dietary bioactive compounds and their impact on BC were collected from Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The data of chemopreventive and anticancer activity of dietary bioactive compounds were collected and orchestrated in a suitable place in the review. These shreds of data will be extremely beneficial to recognize a series of additional diet-derived bioactive compounds to treat BC with the lowest side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Kumar
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Huang C, Lin ZJ, Lee CJ, Lai WH, Chen JC, Huang HC. ε-Viniferin and α-viniferin alone or in combination induced apoptosis and necrosis in osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 158:112617. [PMID: 34728247 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of ε-viniferin and α-viniferin in non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549, melanoma cell line A2058, and osteosarcoma cell lines HOS and U2OS. Results showed ε-viniferin having antiproliferative effects on HOS, U2OS, and A549 cells. Compared with ε-viniferin at the same concentration, α-viniferin had higher antiproliferative effects on HOS cells, but not the same effect on U2OS and A549 cells. Lower dose combination of α-viniferin and ε-viniferin had more synergistic effects on A549 cells than either drug alone. α-Viniferin induced apoptosis in HOS cells by decreasing expression of phospho-c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 1/2 (p-JNK1/2) and increasing expression of cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), whereas α-viniferin in combination with ε-viniferin induced apoptosis in A549 cells by decreasing expression of phospho-protein kinase B (p-AKT) and increasing expression of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3. ε-Viniferin and α-viniferin have not been studied using in vivo tumor models for cancer. This research is the first showing that ε-viniferin treatment resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth in A549-cell xenograft-bearing nude mice compared with the control group. Consequently, ε-viniferin and α-viniferin may prove to be new approaches and effective therapeutic agents for osteosarcoma and lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Jun Lin
- Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University, Nanda Campus, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ju Lee
- Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University, Nanda Campus, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Han Lai
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan; Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University, Nanda Campus, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University, Nanda Campus, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Teng NMY, Price CA, McKee AM, Hall LJ, Robinson SD. Exploring the impact of gut microbiota and diet on breast cancer risk and progression. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:494-504. [PMID: 33521932 PMCID: PMC8650995 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is emerging evidence that resident microbiota communities, that is, the microbiota, play a key role in cancer outcomes and anticancer responses. Although this has been relatively well studied in colorectal cancer and melanoma, other cancers, such as breast cancer (BrCa), have been largely overlooked to date. Importantly, many of the environmental factors associated with BrCa incidence and progression are also known to impact the microbiota, for example, diet and antibiotics. Here, we explore BrCa risk factors from large epidemiology studies and microbiota associations, and more recent studies that have directly profiled BrCa patients' gut microbiotas. We also discuss how in vivo studies have begun to unravel the immune mechanisms whereby the microbiota may influence BrCa responses, and finally we examine how diet and specific nutrients are also linked to BrCa outcomes. We also consider future research avenues and important considerations with respect to study design and implementation, and we highlight some of the important unresolved questions, which currently limit our overall understanding of the mechanisms underpinning microbiota-BrCa responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy M. Y. Teng
- Gut Microbes & HealthQuadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Christopher A. Price
- Gut Microbes & HealthQuadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Alastair M. McKee
- Gut Microbes & HealthQuadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Lindsay J. Hall
- Gut Microbes & HealthQuadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
- Norwich Medical SchoolUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
- Chair of Intestinal Microbiome, School of Life Sciences, ZIEL‐Institute for Food & HealthTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Stephen D. Robinson
- Gut Microbes & HealthQuadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East Anglia, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
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Wei T, Ji X, Xue J, Gao Y, Zhu X, Xiao G. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside represses tumor growth and invasion in vivo by suppressing autophagy via inhibition of the JNK signaling pathways. Food Funct 2020; 12:387-396. [PMID: 33326533 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02107e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Black bean seed coat extract (BBSCE) contains a high amount of bioactive compounds which can reduce the risk of cancers, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood in vivo. Here using a Drosophila model of a malignant tumor, wherein the activated oncogene Raf (RafGOF) cooperates with loss-of-function mutations in the conserved tumor suppressor scribble (scrib-/-), we investigated the antitumor mechanism of BBSCE and its main active component cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) in vivo. The results showed that supplementation of either BBSCE or C3G inhibited the tumor growth and invasion of RafGOFscrib-/- and extended their survival in a dose dependent manner. Strikingly, the activation of both autonomous and non-autonomous autophagy in tumor flies was significantly reduced by C3G treatment. A further study indicated that C3G exhibited an antitumor effect in vivo by blocking autophagy both in tumor cells and in its microenvironment by inhibiting the JNK pathway. Interestingly, the efficacy of chloroquine (CQ, an autophagy inhibitor used as an antitumor agent) combined with C3G is much better than either C3G or CQ treatment alone. C3G may be combined with CQ to treat cancers and to provide a theoretical basis for functional food or natural medicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Jinsong Xue
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Xiaomei Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Guiran Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
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Xu X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Wang M, Liu Y, Li X. Systems pharmacology in combination with proteomics reveals underlying mechanisms of Xihuang pill against triple-negative breast cancer. Bioengineered 2020; 11:1170-1188. [PMID: 33092442 PMCID: PMC8291799 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1834726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Xihuang pill (XHP), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has been clinically used as an adjuvant therapy against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) via inhibiting cancer cell invasion and proliferation, as well as promoting cancer cell apoptosis. However, its anti-TNBC bio-active ingredients and possible mechanisms are still unclear. Herein, the hub bio-active compounds and underlying mechanisms of XHP against TNBC were systematically elucidated by integrating systems pharmacology approach and in vitro proteomics analysis. Using systems pharmacology analysis and molecular docking evaluation, 28 bio-active compounds and 10 potential therapeutic targets of XHP were identified. Functional analysis showed that the core therapeutic targets against TNBC were mainly involved in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway to prevent cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis, as well as to enhance cancer cell apoptosis. The in vitro proteomics analysis identified 153 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including HASP90AA1, AKT1, and EGFR, which were also identified as therapeutic targets against TNBC through systems pharmacology analysis. Protein function analysis showed that the DEPs were mainly involved in PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, which was consistent with the result of systems pharmacology, suggesting the reliability of systems pharmacology analysis. Taken together, these findings uncover the underlying mechanism of XHP against TNBC, and provide a scientific method for the rational development of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchao Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University , Tai'an, China
| | - Jimei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Tai'an, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Department of Graduate Student Affairs, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Tai'an, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Graduate Student Affairs, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Tai'an, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Graduate Student Affairs, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Tai'an, China
| | - Xiangqi Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University , Tai'an, China
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9
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A review on anti-cancer properties of Quercetin in breast cancer. Life Sci 2020; 248:117463. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kantapan J, Paksee S, Chawapun P, Sangthong P, Dechsupa N. Pentagalloyl Glucose- and Ethyl Gallate-Rich Extract from Maprang Seeds Induce Apoptosis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells through Mitochondria-Mediated Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:5686029. [PMID: 32382295 PMCID: PMC7193289 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5686029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bouea macrophylla Griffith, locally known as maprang, has important economic value as a Thai fruit tree. The maprang seed extract (MPSE) has been shown to exhibit antibacterial and anticancer activities. However, the bioactive constituents in MPSE and the molecular mechanisms underlying these anticancer activities remain poorly understood. This study aims to identify the active compounds in MPSE and to investigate the mechanisms involved in MPSE-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 treated cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect was determined by MTT assay. The apoptosis induction of MPSE was evaluated in terms of ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, and apoptosis-related gene expression. The compounds identified by HPLC and LC/MS analysis were pentagalloyl glucose, ethyl gallate, and gallic acid. MPSE treatment decreased cell proliferation in MCF-7 cells, and MPSE was postulated to induce G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. MPSE was found to promote intracellular ROS production in MCF-7 treated cells and to also influence the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, MPSE treatment can lead to increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 gene expression ratio, suggesting that MPSE-induced apoptosis is mitochondria-dependent pathway. Our results suggest that natural products obtained from maprang seeds have the potential to target the apoptosis pathway in breast cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraporn Kantapan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siwaphon Paksee
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanchanabhishek Institute of Medical and Public Health Technology, Nonthaburi 11150, Thailand
| | - Pornthip Chawapun
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Padchanee Sangthong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nathupakorn Dechsupa
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Kaur S, Kumar A, Thakur S, Kumar K, Sharma R, Sharma A, Singh P, Sharma U, Kumar S, Landi M, Brestič M, Kaur S. Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Efficacy of Fractions from Cassia fistula L. Leaves. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E173. [PMID: 32093300 PMCID: PMC7070616 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Cassia fistula L. is a highly admirable traditional medicinal plant used for the treatment of various diseases and disorders. The present study was performed to divulge the antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptosis-inducing efficacy of fractions from C. fistula leaves. The hexane (CaLH fraction), chloroform (CaLC fraction), ethyl acetate (CaLE fraction), n-butanol (CaLB fraction), and aqueous (CaLA fraction) were sequentially fractionated from 80% methanolic (CaLM extract) of C. fistula leaves. The CaLE fraction was fractionated using column chromatography to yield a pure compound, which was characterized as Epiafzelechin (CFL1) based on 1H, 13C, and DEPT135 NMR. Among these fractions, CaLE and isolated CFL1 fractions exhibited an effective antioxidant potential in Ferric ion reducing power, (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulfonic acid)) cation radical scavenging, and nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. Epiafzelechin was investigated for its antiproliferative effects against MG-63 (osteosarcoma), IMR-32 (neuroblastoma), and PC-3 (prostate adenocarcinoma), and was found to inhibit cell proliferation with a GI50 value of 8.73, 9.15, and 11.8 μM respectively. MG-63 cells underwent apoptotic cell death on treatment with Epiafzelechin as the cells showed the formation of apoptotic bodies, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization along with an increase in early apoptotic cell population analyzed using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay. Cells showed cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase accompanied by a downregulation in the expression levels of p-Akt (Protein kinase B), p-GSK-3β (Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta), and Bcl-xl (B-cell lymphoma-extra large) proteins. RT-PCR (Real time-polymerase chain reaction) analysis revealed downregulation in the gene expression level of β-catenin and CDK2 (cyclin-dependent kinases-2) while it upregulated the expression level of caspase-8 and p53 genes in MG-63 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (S.K.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (S.K.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Sharad Thakur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India;
| | - Kapil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (K.K.); (P.S.); (S.K.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Ritika Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India; (R.S.); (U.S.)
| | - Anket Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (S.K.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Prabhpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (K.K.); (P.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur 176061, India; (R.S.); (U.S.)
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (K.K.); (P.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marián Brestič
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India; (S.K.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
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Xiang Q, Tang J, Luo Q, Xue J, Tao Y, Jiang H, Tian J, Fan C. In vitro study of anti-ER positive breast cancer effect and mechanism of 1,2,3,4-6-pentyl-O-galloyl-beta-d-glucose (PGG). Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:813-820. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Pharmacological and polyphenolic profiles of Phyllanthus phillyreifolius var. commersonii Müll. Arg: An unexplored endemic species from Mauritius. Food Res Int 2018; 115:425-438. [PMID: 30599961 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phyllanthus phillyreifolius var. commersonii Müll. Arg is an endemic plant of Mauritius. To date, no study has been performed concerning its polyphenolic profile and pharmacological properties. In this study, a decoction (water), ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the aerial parts of P. phillyreifolius, obtained from different extraction procedures (maceration and Soxhlet), were studied for antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and enzyme inhibitory properties along with their polyphenolic profile. The ethyl acetate macerated extract showed high antibacterial activity against B. cereus (MIC = 0.293 mg/mL) and E. coli (MIC = 0.417 mg/mL) while S. epidermidis was most susceptible to the ethyl acetate-Soxhlet extract (MIC = 0.521 mg/mL). The methanol-Soxhlet extract displayed the most potent cupric and ferric reducing power, and metal chelating effect, while the macerated methanolic extract was the most effective DPPH and ABTS scavenger, and BChE inhibitor. Only the ethyl acetate-Soxhlet extract exhibited α-glucosidase inhibition. All extracts exhibited a strong anti-tyrosinase activity, which was further investigated by molecular docking and molecular dynamic. After 48 h exposure to the extracts for HeLa cell lines, the ethyl acetate-Soxhlet extract showed the highest inhibition (IC50 = 533.1 μg/mL) while the decoction extract was more cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 = 337.4 μg/mL). Treatment of cancer cell lines with all P. phillyreifolius extracts resulted in a time-dependent reduction of cell viability for HeLa and dose-and time-dependent reduction for MDA-MB-231. Gene expression ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax was higher for all Soxhlet-extracts. Total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) content were highest in the decoction and methanol-Soxhlet extract, respectively (122.43 mg GAE/g extract and 31.28 mg RE/g extract, respectively). The extracts were abundant in ellagitannins, although phenolic acids and flavonoids were also detected. Granatin B was detected for the first time in Phyllanthus species. Overall, the aerial parts of P. phillyreifolius exemplify a potent reservoir of bioactive phytochemicals for therapeutic applications.
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Younas M, Hano C, Giglioli-Guivarc'h N, Abbasi BH. Mechanistic evaluation of phytochemicals in breast cancer remedy: current understanding and future perspectives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29714-29744. [PMID: 35547279 PMCID: PMC9085387 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04879g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers around the globe and accounts for a large proportion of fatalities in women. Despite the advancement in therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, breast cancer still represents a major challenge. Current anti-breast cancer approaches include surgical removal, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and the use of various chemotherapeutic drugs. However, drug resistance, associated serious adverse effects, metastasis and recurrence complications still need to be resolved which demand safe and alternative strategies. In this scenario, phytochemicals have recently gained huge attention due to their safety profile and cost-effectiveness. These phytochemicals modulate various genes, gene products and signalling pathways, thereby inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, they also target breast cancer stem cells and overcome drug resistance problems in breast carcinomas. Phytochemicals as adjuvants with chemotherapeutic drugs have greatly enhanced their therapeutic efficacy. This review focuses on the recently recognized molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer chemoprevention with the use of phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, silibinin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, secoisolariciresinol, thymoquinone, kaempferol, quercetin, parthenolide, sulforaphane, ginsenosides, naringenin, isoliquiritigenin, luteolin, benzyl isothiocyanate, α-mangostin, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, pterostilbene, vinca alkaloids and apigenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad-45320 Pakistan +92-51-90644121 +92-51-90644121 +33-767-97-0619
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans F 28000 Chartres France
| | | | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad-45320 Pakistan +92-51-90644121 +92-51-90644121 +33-767-97-0619
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans F 28000 Chartres France
- EA2106 Biomolecules et Biotechnologies Vegetales, Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours Tours France
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Huang C, Lu CK, Tu MC, Chang JH, Chen YJ, Tu YH, Huang HC. Polyphenol-rich Avicennia marina leaf extracts induce apoptosis in human breast and liver cancer cells and in a nude mouse xenograft model. Oncotarget 2017; 7:35874-35893. [PMID: 27078842 PMCID: PMC5094970 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Avicennia marina is the most abundant and common mangrove species and has been used as a traditional medicine for skin diseases, rheumatism, ulcers, and smallpox. However, its anticancer activities and polyphenol contents remain poorly characterized. Thus, here we investigated anticancer activities of secondary A. marina metabolites that were purified by sequential soxhlet extraction in water, ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate (EtOAc). Experiments were performed in three human breast cancer cell lines (AU565, MDA-MB-231, and BT483), two human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2 and Huh7), and one normal cell line (NIH3T3). The chemotherapeutic potential of A. marina extracts was evaluated in a xenograft mouse model. The present data show that EtOAc extracts of A. marina leaves have the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents and anticancer activities and, following column chromatography, the EtOAc fractions F2-5, F3-2-9, and F3-2-10 showed higher cytotoxic effects than the other fractions. 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR profiles indicated that the F3-2-10 fraction contained avicennones D and E. EtOAc extracts of A. marina leaves also suppressed xenograft MDA-MB-231 tumor growth in nude mice, suggesting that EtOAc extracts of A. marina leaves may provide a useful treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Tu
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hua Chang
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Chen
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Tu
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
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Zhang R, Yu R, Xu Q, Li X, Luo J, Jiang B, Wang L, Guo S, Wu N, Shi D. Discovery and evaluation of the hybrid of bromophenol and saccharide as potent and selective protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 134:24-33. [PMID: 28395151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key negative regulator of insulin signaling pathway. Inhibition of PTP1B is expected to improve insulin action. Appropriate selectivity and permeability are the gold standard for excellent PTP1B inhibitors. In this work, molecular hybridization-based screening identified a selective competitive PTP1B inhibitor. Compound 10a has IC50 values of 199 nM against PTP1B, and shows 32-fold selectivity for PTP1B over the closely related phosphatase TCPTP. Molecule docking and molecular dynamics studies reveal the reason of selectivity for PTP1B over TCPTP. Moreover, the cell permeability and cellular activity of compound 10a are demonstrated respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renshuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Rilei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuju Guo
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Dayong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Hu XQ, Sun Y, Lau E, Zhao M, Su SB. Advances in Synergistic Combinations of Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2016; 16:346-56. [PMID: 26638885 PMCID: PMC5425653 DOI: 10.2174/1568009616666151207105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The complex pathology of cancer development requires correspondingly complex treatments. The traditional application of individual single-target drugs fails to sufficiently treat cancer with durable therapeutic effects and tolerable adverse events. Therefore, synergistic combinations of drugs represent a promising way to enhance efficacy, overcome toxicity and optimize safety. Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) have long been used as such synergistic combinations. Therefore, we summarized the synergistic combinations of CHMs used in the treatment of cancer and their roles in chemotherapy in terms of enhancing efficacy, reducing side effects, immune modulation, as well as abrogating drug resistance. Our conclusions support the development of further science-based holistic modalities for cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shi-Bing Su
- Department of Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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The Anti-Cancer Effect of Polyphenols against Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090581. [PMID: 27657126 PMCID: PMC5037565 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of breast cancer in developed and developing countries, and its correlation to cancer-related deaths, has prompted concerned scientists to discover novel alternatives to deal with this challenge. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of polyphenol structures and classifications, as well as on the carcinogenic process. The biology of breast cancer cells will also be discussed. The molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer activities of numerous polyphenols, against a wide range of breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, will be explained in detail. The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in the anti-cancer activity of polyphenols will also be highlighted. In addition, the potential of polyphenols to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) via various mechanisms will be explained. Recently, the use of natural products as chemotherapeutics and chemopreventive drugs to overcome the side effects and resistance that arise from using chemical-based agents has garnered the attention of the scientific community. Polyphenol research is considered a promising field in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
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Huang C, Wei YX, Shen MC, Tu YH, Wang CC, Huang HC. Chrysin, Abundant in Morinda citrifolia Fruit Water-EtOAc Extracts, Combined with Apigenin Synergistically Induced Apoptosis and Inhibited Migration in Human Breast and Liver Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4235-45. [PMID: 27137679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The composition of Morinda citrifolia (M. citrifolia) was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the anticancer effects of M. citrifolia extract evaluated in HepG2, Huh7, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. M. citrifolia fruit extracts were obtained by using five different organic solvents, including hexane (Hex), methanol (MeOH), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), chloroform (CHCl3), and ethanol (EtOH). The water-EtOAc extracts from M. citrifolia fruits was found to have the highest anticancer activity. HPLC data revealed the predominance of chrysin in water-EtOAc extracts of M. citrifolia fruit. Furthermore, the combined effects of cotreatment with apigenin and chrysin on liver and breast cancer were investigated. Treatment with apigenin plus chrysin for 72-96 h reduced HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cell viability and induced apoptosis through down-regulation of S-phase kinase-associated protein-2 (Skp2) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) expression. However, the combination treatment for 36 h synergistically decreased MDA-MB-231 cell motility but not cell viability through down-regulation of MMP2, MMP9, fibronectin, and snail in MDA-MB-231 cells. Additionally, chrysin combined with apigenin also suppressed tumor growth in human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells xenograft through down-regulation of ki-67 and Skp2 protein. The experimental results showed that chrysin combined with apigenin can reduce HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 proliferation and cell motility and induce apoptosis. It also offers opportunities for exploring new drug targets, and further investigations are underway in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Taipei 11221, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Xuan Wei
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education , Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ma-Ching Shen
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education , Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hsuan Tu
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education , Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education , Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Department of Applied Science, National Hsinchu University of Education , Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan, ROC
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Messeha SS, Zarmouh NO, Taka E, Gendy SG, Shokry GR, Kolta MG, Soliman KFA. The Role of Monocarboxylate Transporters and Their Chaperone CD147 in Lactate Efflux Inhibition and the Anticancer Effects of Terminalia chebula in Neuroblastoma Cell Line N2-A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 12. [PMID: 27158628 PMCID: PMC4857771 DOI: 10.9734/ejmp/2016/23992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In the presence of oxygen, most of the synthesized pyruvate during glycolysis in the cancer cell of solid tumors is released away from the mitochondria to form lactate (Warburg Effect). To maintain cell homeostasis, lactate is transported across the cell membrane by monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). The major aim of the current investigation is to identify novel compounds that inhibit lactate efflux that may lead to identifying effective targets for cancer treatment. STUDY DESIGN In this study, 900 ethanol plant extracts were screened for their lactate efflux inhibition using neuroblastoma (N2-A) cell line. Additionally, we investigated the mechanism of inhibition for the most potent plant extract regarding monocarboxylate transporters expression, and consequences effects on viability, growth, and apoptosis. METHODOLOGY The potency of lactate efflux inhibition of ethanol plant extracts was evaluated in N2-A cells by measuring extracellular lactate levels. Caspase 3- activity and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining were performed to assess the apoptotic effect. The antiproliferative effect was measured using WST assay. Western blotting was performed to quantify protein expression of MCTs and their chaperone CD147 in treated cells lysates. RESULTS Terminalia chebula plant extract was the most potent lactate efflux inhibitor in N2-A cells among the 900 - tested plant extracts. The results obtained show that extract of Terminalia chebula fruits (TCE) significantly (P = 0.05) reduced the expression of the MCT1, MCT3, MCT4 and the chaperone CD147. The plant extract was more potent (IC50 of 3.59 ± 0.26 μg/ml) than the MCT standard inhibitor phloretin (IC50 76.54 ± 3.19 μg/ml). The extract also showed more potency and selective cytotoxicity in cancer cells than DI-TNC1 primary cell line (IC50 7.37 ± 0.28 vs. 17.35 ± 0.19 μg/ml). Moreover, TCE Inhibited N2-A cell growth (IG50 = 5.20 ± 0.30 μg/ml) and induced apoptosis at the 7.5 μg/ml concentration. CONCLUSION Out of the 900 plant extracts screened, Terminalia chebula ethanol extract was found to be the most potent lactate efflux inhibitor with the ability to inhibit chaperone CD147 expression and impact the function of monocarboxylate transporters. Furthermore, TCE was found to have growth inhibition and apoptotic effects. The results obtained indicate that Terminalia chebula constituent(s) may contain promising compounds that can be useful in the management of neuroblastoma cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Messeha
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
| | - N O Zarmouh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
| | - E Taka
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
| | - S G Gendy
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
| | - G R Shokry
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
| | - M G Kolta
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
| | - K F A Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA
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Bak MJ, Das Gupta S, Wahler J, Suh N. Role of dietary bioactive natural products in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:170-191. [PMID: 27016037 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, including luminal-A and -B, is the most common type of breast cancer. Extended exposure to estrogen is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Both ER-dependent and ER-independent mechanisms have been implicated in estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. The ER-dependent pathway involves cell growth and proliferation triggered by the binding of estrogen to the ER. The ER-independent mechanisms depend on the metabolism of estrogen to generate genotoxic metabolites, free radicals and reactive oxygen species to induce breast cancer. A better understanding of the mechanisms that drive ER-positive breast cancer will help optimize targeted approaches to prevent or treat breast cancer. A growing emphasis is being placed on alternative medicine and dietary approaches toward the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Many natural products and bioactive compounds found in foods have been shown to inhibit breast carcinogenesis via inhibition of estrogen induced oxidative stress as well as ER signaling. This review summarizes the role of bioactive natural products that are involved in the prevention and treatment of estrogen-related and ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Bak
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Soumyasri Das Gupta
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Joseph Wahler
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Nanjoo Suh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
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Inhibitory effects of polyphenol-enriched extract from Ziyang tea against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells through reactive oxygen species-dependent mitochondria molecular mechanism. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:527-538. [PMID: 28911558 PMCID: PMC9336659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A polyphenol-enriched extract from selenium-enriched Ziyang green tea (ZTP) was selected to evaluate its antitumor effects against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. In ZTP, (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (28.2%) was identified as the major catechin, followed by (−)-epigallocatechin (5.7%) and (−)-epicatechin gallate (12.6%). ZTP was shown to inhibit MCF-7 cell proliferation (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 172.2 μg/mL) by blocking cell-cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase and inducing apoptotic death. Western blotting assay indicated that ZTP induced cell-cycle arrest by upregulation of p53 and reduced the expression of CDK2 in MCF-7 cells. ZTP-caused cell apoptosis was associated with an increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and activation of caspase-3 and -9. MCF-7 cells treated with ZTP also showed an overproduction of reactive oxygen species, suggesting that reactive oxygen species played an important role in the induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. This is the first report showing that ZTP is a potential novel dietary agent for cancer chemoprevention or chemotherapy.
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Wang S, Chen R, Zhong Z, Shi Z, Chen M, Wang Y. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate potentiates the effect of curcumin in inducing growth inhibition and apoptosis of resistant breast cancer cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 42:1279-300. [PMID: 25242081 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains an on-going challenge in breast cancer chemotherapy. Combination of two or more drugs is an effective strategy to access context-specific multiple targets and overcome undesirable toxicity that is almost inevitable in single-drug chemotherapy. Many plant food-derived polyphenolic compounds have been proven to modulate many key factors responsible for cancer drug resistance, which makes them a promising group of low toxicity candidates for reversing cancer resistance. In this study, we analyzed the combination effect of two chemopreventive polyphenols, curcumin (Cur) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), in combating resistant breast cancer. Our present results showed that EGCG significantly enhanced the growth inhibition and apoptosis in both doxorubicin (DOX)-sensitive and resistant MCF-7 cells induced by Cur. The mechanism may be related to the further activation of caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling pathways and the enhanced cellular incorporation of Cur by inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pump function. Moreover, Cur and EGCG in combination could enhance the toxicity of DOX and increase the intracellular level of DOX in resistant MCF-7 cells. Our findings with this practical combination of Cur and EGCG encourage us to move on to a promising strategy for successful treatment of human breast cancer resistance by combining two low-toxic chemotherapeutic agents from diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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Vini R, Sreeja S. Punica granatum and its therapeutic implications on breast carcinogenesis: A review. Biofactors 2015; 41:78-89. [PMID: 25857627 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Punica granatum has a recorded history of pharmacological properties which can be attributed to its rich reservoir of phytochemicals. Investigations in recent years have established its tremendous potential as an antitumorogenic agent against various cancers including breast cancer, which is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. The plausible role of Punica as a therapeutic agent, as an adjuvant in chemotherapy, and its dietary implications as chemopreventive agent in breast cancer have been explored. Mechanistic studies have revealed that Punica extracts and its components, individually or in combination, can modulate and target key proteins and genes involved in breast cancer. Our earlier finding also demonstrated the role of methanolic extract of pomegranate pericarp in reducing proliferation in breast cancer by binding to estrogen receptor at the same time not affecting uterine weight unlike estradiol or tamoxifen. This review analyses other plausible mechanisms of Punica in preventing the progression of breast cancer and how it can possibly be a therapeutic agent by acting at various steps of carcinogenesis including proliferation, invasion, migration, metastasis, angiogenesis, and inflammation via various molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindran Vini
- Cancer Research Programme, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
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Wang S, Chen R, Morott J, Repka MA, Wang Y, Chen M. mPEG-b-PCL/TPGS mixed micelles for delivery of resveratrol in overcoming resistant breast cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:361-73. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.951634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang JY, Zhu C, Qian TW, Guo H, Wang DD, Zhang F, Yin X. Extracts of black bean peel and pomegranate peel ameliorate oxidative stress-induced hyperglycemia in mice. Exp Ther Med 2014; 9:43-48. [PMID: 25452774 PMCID: PMC4247323 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has a central role in the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM), which can directly result in the injury of islet β cells and consequent hyperglycemia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of black bean peel extract (BBPE), pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and a combination of the two (PPE + BBPE) on streptozotocin-induced DM mice. Oxidative stress was assessed by the levels of total antioxidative capability and glutathione in the serum. Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, as well as the pancreas weight index and the histological changes in the pancreas, were also determined. The results showed that, after fours weeks of treatment with PPE, BBPE or PPE + BBPE, DM mice showed, to different degrees, a decrease in blood glucose, increases in insulin secretion and the pancreas weight index, and an increase in antioxidative activity. These changes were particularly evident in the DM mice subjected to the combined intervention strategy of PPE + BBPE. The histological findings indicated that the injury to the pancreatic islets in DM mice was also ameliorated following treatment. In conclusion, PPE and BBPE, particularly the combination of the two, have the ability to ameliorate hyperglycemia by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced pancreatic damage; this finding may be useful in the prevention and treatment of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Chuang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Hao Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Dong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
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Huang C, Chen YJ, Chen WJ, Lin CL, Wei YX, Huang HC. Combined treatment with chrysin and 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose synergistically inhibits LRP6 and Skp2 activation in triple-negative breast cancer and xenografts. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:1613-25. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine; Taipei Taiwan ROC
| | - Yi Jing Chen
- Department of Applied Science; National Hsinchu University of Education; Hsinchu Taiwan ROC
| | - Wei-Jen Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Chung Shan Medical University; Taichung Taiwan ROC
- Department of Medical Research; Chung Shan Medical University Hospital; Taichung Taiwan ROC
| | - Chih-Li Lin
- Department of Medical Research; Chung Shan Medical University Hospital; Taichung Taiwan ROC
- Institute of Medicine; Chung Shan Medical University; Taichung Taiwan ROC
| | - Yu Xuan Wei
- Department of Applied Science; National Hsinchu University of Education; Hsinchu Taiwan ROC
| | - Hsiu Chen Huang
- Department of Applied Science; National Hsinchu University of Education; Hsinchu Taiwan ROC
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28
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Liu W, Xu J, Liu Y, Yu X, Tang X, Wang Z, Li X. Anthocyanins potentiate the activity of trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1921-6. [PMID: 25070704 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been found to be overexpressed in ~25% of invasive breast cancer and is significantly associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. The anthocyanins cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) and peonidin-3-glucoside have been identified as potential drugs for the therapy of HER2‑positive breast cancer. They have been used as supplements in targeted therapeutics and chemotherapeutics in Asia, however, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the synergism between C3G and trastuzumab (Trast). To address this question, the response to C3G, Trast and a combination of the two drugs, in three representative HER2‑positive cell lines was evaluated. The combination treatments induced apoptosis, inhibited cell growth and affected HER2 and its downstream signaling pathway in MDA‑MB‑453, BT474 and HCC1569 cells, and the effects were synergistic. The combination of 3CG and Trast inhibited tumor growth in an in vivo xenograft model. The data from the present study suggested that C3G exhibits potent antitumor activity when combined with Trast under the investigated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
| | - Jinmei Xu
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
| | - Yilun Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
| | - Xi Tang
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Administrative Office, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, P.R. China
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29
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Lamaziere A, Wolf C, Quinn PJ. How lipidomics provides new insight into drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:819-36. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.914026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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30
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Biological and biomedical functions of Penta-O-galloyl-D-glucose and its derivatives. J Nat Med 2014; 68:465-72. [PMID: 24532420 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-014-0823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Penta-O-galloyl-D-glucose (PGG) is a simple hydrolysable tannin in plants. PGG exists in two anomeric forms, α-PGG and β-PGG. While β-PGG can be found in a wide variety of plants, α-PGG is rather rare in nature. Numerous studies with β-PGG revealed a wide variety of biological activities, such as anti-microbial and anti-cancer functions. Until recently, studies with α-PGG were limited by the lack of its availability. Since the development of an efficient chemical synthesis of the compound, several investigations have revealed its anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-platelet-coagulation functions. Based on structure-activity-relationship (SAR) studies with α-PGG, a variety of α-PGG-related novel compounds were synthesized and some of them have been shown to possess promising therapeutic activities. In this review, the authors will survey and evaluate the biological functions of PGG with a focus on α-PGG and its derivatives.
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31
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Alzoubi K, Honisch S, Abed M, Lang F. Triggering of suicidal erythrocyte death by penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose. Toxins (Basel) 2013; 6:54-65. [PMID: 24368324 PMCID: PMC3920249 DOI: 10.3390/toxins6010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The polyphenolic 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-d-glucose from several medicinal herbs triggers apoptosis and has, thus, been proposed for treatment of malignancy. The substance is at least partially effective through caspase activation. In analogy to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may enter suicidal death or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and by phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Eryptosis is triggered by increase of cytosolic Ca2+-activity ([Ca2+]i). The sensitivity to [Ca2+]i is enhanced by ceramide. The present study explored whether penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose stimulates eryptosis. Cell volume was estimated from forward scatter, phosphatidylserine exposure from annexin V binding, hemolysis from hemoglobin-release, [Ca2+]i from Fluo3-fluorescence and ceramide abundance from fluorescent antibodies. A 48-h exposure of human erythrocytes to penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose significantly decreased forward scatter (50 µM) and significantly increased annexin V binding (10 µM). Up to 50 µM penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose did not significantly modify [Ca2+]i. However, the effect of penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (25 µM) induced annexin V binding was slightly, but significantly, blunted by removal of extracellular Ca2+, pointing to sensitization of erythrocytes to the scrambling effect of Ca2+. Penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (25 µM) further increased ceramide formation. In conclusion, penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose stimulates suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis, an effect partially due to stimulation of ceramide formation with subsequent sensitization of erythrocytes to Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstraße 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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Liu W, Xu J, Wu S, Liu Y, Yu X, Chen J, Tang X, Wang Z, Zhu X, Li X. Selective anti-proliferation of HER2-positive breast cancer cells by anthocyanins identified by high-throughput screening. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81586. [PMID: 24312561 PMCID: PMC3849376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpressed Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) drives the biology of 20% breast cancer and is a prediction of a poor prognosis for patients. HER2-targeted therapies significantly improve outcomes for HER2-positive patients. Traditional Chinese herbs/medicines have been used to treat breast cancer patients including HER2-positive patients in Asia for decades. Although the traditional medicines demonstrate efficacy in clinics for HER2-positive patients, the mechanism is largely unknown. In this article, we screened a 10,000 natural product library in 6 different cell lines representing breast cancer, and assessed the ability of each drug to cause cytotoxicity through a high-throughput screening approach. We have identified eight natural compounds that selectively inhibit the proliferation of HER2-positive cells. Two of the hit compounds, peonidin-3-glucoside and cyaniding-3-glucoside, are both extracts from black rice. They inhibit the phospho-HER2 and phospho-AKT and were confirmed to induce HER2-psotive breast cancer cells apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Peonidin-3-glucoside and cyaniding-3-glucoside treatments significantly reduced the tumor size and volume in vivo compared to the control group. There is no significant difference of antitumorgenic effects between peonidin-3-glucoside and cyaniding-3-glucoside treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jinmei Xu
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shaoping Wu
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yilun Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Public Health, The Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Xindu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xi Tang
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhu
- Department of Medical Image, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xin Li
- Administrative Office of Chengdu Medical College, The Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail:
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