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Aubert C, Rontani JF. Use of Trifluoro-Acetate Derivatives for GC-MS and GC-MS/MS Quantification of Trace Amounts of Stera-3β,5α,6β-Triols (Tracers of Δ 5-Sterol Autoxidation) in Environmental Samples. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041547. [PMID: 36838534 PMCID: PMC9967974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Stera-3β,5α,6β-triols make useful tracers of the autoxidation of Δ5-sterols. These compounds are generally analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after silylation. Unfortunately, the 5α hydroxyl groups of these compounds, which are not derivatized by conventional silylation reagents, substantially alter the chromatographic properties of these derivatives, thus ruling out firm quantification of trace amounts. In this work, we developed a derivatization method (trifluoroacetylation) that enables derivatization of the three hydroxyl groups of 3β,5α,6β-steratriols. The derivatives thus formed present several advantages over silyl ethers: (i) better stability, (ii) shorter retention times, (iii) better chromatographic properties and (iv) mass spectra featuring specific ions or transitions that enable very low limits of detection in selected ion monitoring (SIM) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. This method, validated with cholesta-3β,5α,6β-triol, was applied to several environmental samples (desert dusts, marine sediments and particulate matter) and was able to quantify trace amounts of 3β,5α,6β-steratriols corresponding to several sterols: not only classical monounsaturated sterols (e.g., cholesterol, campesterol and sitosterol) but also, and for the first time, di-unsaturated sterols (e.g., stigmasterol, dehydrocholesterol and brassicasterol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Aubert
- Laboratoire de Pharmacocinétique et Toxicocinétique (Equipe Associée 3286), Faculté de Pharmacie, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Rontani
- CNRS/IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, Aix-Marseille University, Université de Toulon, 13288 Marseille, France
- Correspondence:
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Çapan İ, Sert Y, Shehu A, Koca İ, Servi S. Synthesis, DFT study, molecular docking and drug-likeness analysis of the heteroaryl substituted new pregnenolone derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kuzminac IZ, Jakimov DS, Bekić SS, Ćelić AS, Marinović MA, Savić MP, Raičević VN, Kojić VV, Sakač MN. Synthesis and anticancer potential of novel 5,6-oxygenated and/or halogenated steroidal d-homo lactones. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 30:115935. [PMID: 33340938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5,6-modified steroidal d-homo lactones, comprising of halogenated and/or oxygenated derivatives, was synthesized and evaluated for potential anticancer properties. Preparation of many of these compounds involved investigating alternative synthetic pathways. In silico ADME testing was performed for both novel and some previously synthesized compounds. Calculated physicochemical properties were in accordance with the Lipinski, Veber, Egan, Ghose and Muegge criteria, suggesting the potential of these molecules as orally active agents. Cytotoxicity of the synthesized steroid derivatives was tested on six tumor and one normal human cell line. None of the investigated derivatives was toxic to non-cancerous MRC-5 control cells. Most of the compounds showed significant cytotoxicity against the treated cancer cell lines. Most notably, the 3β,5α,6β-trihydroxy derivative exhibited strong cytotoxicity against multiple cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and HT-29), with the highest effect observed for lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells, for which this steroid was more cytotoxic than all of the three commercial chemotherapeutic agents used as reference compounds. Molecular docking suggests the 3β,5α,6β-trihydroxy derivative could bind the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain with high affinity, providing a potential mechanism for its cytotoxicity via inhibition of EGFR signaling. The most active compounds were further studied for their potential to induce apoptosis by the double-staining fluorescence method; where the 5α,6β-dibromide, 5α,6β-dichloride and 3β,5α,6β-triol induced apoptotic changes in all three treated cell lines: MDA-MB-231, HT-29 and A549. To predict interactions with nuclear steroidal receptors, affinity for the ligand binding domains of ERα, ERβ and AR was measured using a yeast-based fluorescence assay. The 5β,6β-epoxide, dibromide and 5α-hydroxy-3,6-dioxo derivatives showed affinity for ERα, while the 5α-fluoro-6β-hydroxy and 3β-acetoxy-5α,6β-dihydroxy derivatives were identified as ERβ ligands. None of the tested compounds showed affinity for AR. Structure-activity relationships of selected compounds were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Z Kuzminac
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Dimitar S Jakimov
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put Dr Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Sofija S Bekić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Anđelka S Ćelić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja A Marinović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marina P Savić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vidak N Raičević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna V Kojić
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put Dr Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Marija N Sakač
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Rontani JF. Biotic and abiotic degradation of Δ 5-sterols in senescent Mediterranean marine and terrestrial angiosperms. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 167:112097. [PMID: 31445450 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work used Δ5-sterols and their degradation products to compare the efficiency of biotic and abiotic degradation processes in senescent Mediterranean marine (Posidonia oceanica) and terrestrial (Quercus ilex and Smilax aspera) angiosperms. Type II photosensitized oxidation processes appeared to be more efficient in P. oceanica than in Q. ilex and S. aspera. The low efficiency of these processes in senescent terrestrial angiosperms was attributed to: (i) the fast degradation of the sensitizer (chlorophyll) in these organisms and (ii) the relatively high on-ground temperatures observed in Mediterranean regions favoring the diffusion of singlet oxygen outside the membranes. Senescent leaves of P. oceanica contained the highest proportions of photochemically-produced 6-hydroperoxysterols, likely due to the presence of trace amounts of metal ions in seawater catalyzing selective homolytic cleavage of 5- and 7-hydroperoxysterols. Bacterial metabolites of sitosterol and its photooxidation products could be detected in senescent leaves of P. oceanica but not Q. ilex or S. aspera. These results confirmed that biotic and abiotic degradation processes may be intimately linked in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Rontani
- Aix Marseille University, Université de Toulon, CNRS/INSU/IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France.
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Fan P, Su S, Wang C. Molybdenum-Catalyzed Hydroxyl-Directed Anti-Dihydroxylation of Allylic and Homoallylic Alcohols. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shixia Su
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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Kolo AM, İpek E, Çapan İ, Servi S. Synthesis of Heterocyclic-Substituted Novel Hydroxysteroids with Regioselective and Stereoselective Reactions. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emine İpek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Fırat University; Elazığ 23169 Turkey
| | - İrfan Çapan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Fırat University; Elazığ 23169 Turkey
| | - Süleyman Servi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Fırat University; Elazığ 23169 Turkey
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