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Nuber S, Zhang X, McCaffery TD, Moors TE, Adom MA, Hahn WN, Martin D, Ericsson M, Tripathi A, Dettmer U, Svenningsson P, Selkoe DJ. Generation of G51D and 3D mice reveals decreased α-synuclein tetramer-monomer ratios promote Parkinson's disease phenotypes. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:47. [PMID: 38424059 PMCID: PMC10904737 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the α-Synuclein (αS) gene promote αS monomer aggregation that causes neurodegeneration in familial Parkinson's disease (fPD). However, most mouse models expressing single-mutant αS transgenes develop neuronal aggregates very slowly, and few have dopaminergic cell loss, both key characteristics of PD. To accelerate neurotoxic aggregation, we previously generated fPD αS E46K mutant mice with rationally designed triple mutations based on the α-helical repeat motif structure of αS (fPD E46K→3 K). The 3 K variant increased αS membrane association and decreased the physiological tetramer:monomer ratio, causing lipid- and vesicle-rich inclusions and robust tremor-predominant, L-DOPA responsive PD-like phenotypes. Here, we applied an analogous approach to the G51D fPD mutation and its rational amplification (G51D → 3D) to generate mutant mice. In contrast to 3 K mice, G51D and 3D mice accumulate monomers almost exclusively in the cytosol while also showing decreased αS tetramer:monomer ratios. Both 1D and 3D mutant mice gradually accumulate insoluble, higher-molecular weight αS oligomers. Round αS neuronal deposits at 12 mos immunolabel for ubiquitin and pSer129 αS, with limited proteinase K resistance. Both 1D and 3D mice undergo loss of striatal TH+ fibers and midbrain dopaminergic neurons by 12 mos and a bradykinesia responsive to L-DOPA. The 3D αS mice have decreased tetramer:monomer equilibria and recapitulate major features of PD. These fPD G51D and 3D mutant mice should be useful models to study neuronal αS-toxicity associated with bradykinetic motor phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Nuber
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Xiaoqun Zhang
- Neuro Svenningsson, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas D McCaffery
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tim E Moors
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marie-Alexandre Adom
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wolf N Hahn
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dylan Martin
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Maria Ericsson
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Arati Tripathi
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ulf Dettmer
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Neuro Svenningsson, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dennis J Selkoe
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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2
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Zhang Y, Bhardwaj SR, Lyu SC, Chinthrajah S, Nadeau KC, Li C. Expression, purification, characterization, and patient IgE reactivity of new macadamia nut iso-allergen. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 203:106211. [PMID: 36462715 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Structural and functional information about food allergens is essential for understanding the allergenicity of food proteins. All allergens belong to a small number of protein families. Various allergens from different families have been successfully produced recombinantly in E. coli for their characterization and applications in allergy diagnosis and treatment. However, recombinant hexameric 11S seed storage protein has not been reported, although numerous 11S legumins are known to be food allergens, including the recently identified macadamia nut allergen Mac i 2. Here we report the production of a macadamia nut legumin by expressing it in E. coli with a substrate site of HRV 3C protease and cleaving the purified protein with HRV 3C protease. The protease divided the protein into two chains and left a native terminus for the C-terminal chain, resulting in a recombinant hexameric 11S allergen for the first time after the residues upstream to the cleavage site flipped out of the way of the trimer-trimer interaction. The 11S allergens are known to have multiple isoforms in many species. The present study removed an obstacle in obtaining homogeneous allergens needed for studying allergens and mitigating allergenicity. Immunoreactivity of the protein with serum IgE confirmed it to be a new isoform of Mac i 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zhang
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710, USA.
| | - Shilpa R Bhardwaj
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710, USA
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sharon Chinthrajah
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Caiming Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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3
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Zhang Y, Bhardwaj SR, Vilches A, Breksa A, Lyu SC, Chinthrajah S, Nadeau KC, Jin T. IgE binding epitope mapping with TL1A tagged peptides. Mol Immunol 2023; 153:194-199. [PMID: 36527758 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Linear IgE epitopes play essential roles in persistent allergies, including peanut and tree nut allergies. Using chemically synthesized peptides attached to membranes and microarray experiments is one approach for determining predominant epitopes that has seen success. However, the overall expense of this approach and the inherent challenges in scaling up the production and purification of synthetic peptides precludes the general application of this approach. To overcome this problem, we have constructed a plasmid vector for expressing peptides sandwiched between an N-terminal His-tag and a trimeric protein. The vector was used to make overlapping peptides derived from peanut allergens Ara h 2. All the peptides were successfully expressed and purified. The resulting peptides were applied to identify IgE binding epitopes of Ara h 2 using four sera samples from individuals with known peanut allergies. New and previously defined dominant IgE binding epitopes of Ara h 2 were identified. This system may be readily applied to produce agents for component- and epitope-resolved food allergy diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zhang
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Shilpa R Bhardwaj
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Ana Vilches
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Andrew Breksa
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sharon Chinthrajah
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Laboratory of Structural Immunology, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027 China.
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Tree Nuts and Peanuts as a Source of Beneficial Compounds and a Threat for Allergic Consumers: Overview on Methods for Their Detection in Complex Food Products. Foods 2022; 11:foods11050728. [PMID: 35267361 PMCID: PMC8909911 DOI: 10.3390/foods11050728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of tree nuts and peanuts has considerably increased over the last decades due to their nutritional composition and the content of beneficial compounds. On the other hand, such widespread consumption worldwide has also generated a growing incidence of allergy in the sensitive population. Allergy to nuts and peanuts represents a global relevant problem, especially due to the risk of the ingestion of hidden allergens as a result of cross-contamination between production lines at industrial level occurring during food manufacturing. The present review provides insights on peanuts, almonds, and four nut allergens—namely hazelnuts, walnuts, cashew, and pistachios—that are likely to cross-contaminate different food commodities. The paper aims at covering both the biochemical aspect linked to the identified allergenic proteins for each allergen category and the different methodological approaches developed for allergens detection and identification. Attention has been also paid to mass spectrometry methods and to current efforts of the scientific community to identify a harmonized approach for allergens quantification through the detection of allergen markers.
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Tomishima H, Luo K, Mitchell AE. The Almond ( Prunus dulcis): Chemical Properties, Utilization, and Valorization of Coproducts. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2021; 13:145-166. [PMID: 34936815 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-052720-111942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Almonds (Prunus dulcis) are one of the most consumed tree-nuts worldwide, with commercial production in arid environments such as California, Spain, and Australia. The high consumption of almonds is partly due to their versatile usage in products such as gluten-free flour and dairy alternatives as well as them being a source of protein in vegetarian diets. They contain high concentrations of health-promoting compounds such as Vitamin E and have demonstrated benefits for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and improving vascular health. In addition, almonds are the least allergenic tree nut and contain minute quantities of cyanogenic glycosides. Production has increased significantly in the past two decades with 3.12 billion pounds of kernel meat produced in California alone in 2020 (USDA 2021), leading to a new emphasis on the valorization of the coproducts (e.g., hulls, shells, skins, and blanch water). This article presents a review of the chemical composition of almond kernels (e.g., macro and micronutrients, phenolic compounds, cyanogenic glycosides, and allergens) and the current research exploring the valorization of almond coproducts. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, Volume 13 is March 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Tomishima
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA;
| | - Kathleen Luo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA;
| | - Alyson E Mitchell
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA;
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Zhang Y, Jin T. Almond allergens: update and perspective on identification and characterization. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:4657-4663. [PMID: 32270879 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Almond (Prunus dulcis) is not only widely used as a human food as a result of its flavor, nutrients, and health benefits, but it is also one of the most likely tree nuts to trigger allergies. Almond allergens, however, have not been studied as extensively as those of peanuts and other selected tree nuts. This review provides an update of the molecular properties of almond allergens to clarify some confusion about the identities of almond allergens and our perspective on characterizing putative almond allergens. At present, the following almond allergens have been designated by the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee: Pru du 3 (a non-specific lipid transfer protein 1, nsLTP1), Pru du 4 (a profilin), Pru du 5 (60S acidic ribosomal protein 2), Pru du 6 (an 11S legumin known as prunin) and Pru du 8 (an antimicrobial protein with cC3C repeats). Besides, almond vicilin and almond γ-conglutin have been identified as food allergens, although further characterization of these allergens is still of interest. In addition, almond 2S albumin was reported as a food allergen as a result of the misidentification of Pru du 8. Two more almond proteins have been called allergens based on their sequence homology with known food allergens and their 'membership' in relevant protein families that contain allergens in many species. These include the pathogenesis related-10 protein (referred to as Pru du 1) and the thaumatin-like protein (referred to as Pru du 2). Almonds thus have five known food allergens and five more likely ones that need to be investigated further. Published 2020. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zhang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Che H, Zhang Y, Jiang S, Jin T, Lyu SC, Nadeau KC, McHugh T. Almond ( Prunus dulcis) Allergen Pru du 8, the First Member of a New Family of Food Allergens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8626-8631. [PMID: 31287307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An almond allergen with two known short peptide sequences was reported as the almond 2S albumin but was later suspected to be almond vicilin. However, this allergen was not designated by the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies. This study aimed to determine the true identity of this elusive almond allergen. cDNAs were synthesized from total RNA of the Nonpareil almond. The complete sequence of the previously reported almond allergen was determined from its coding sequence. The deduced protein was produced recombinantly and was confirmed to be a food allergen by testing with 18 almond-allergic sera. The allergen is a potential cysteine-rich antimicrobial protein with characteristic C[X]3C-[X]10-12-C[X]3C motifs of the hairpinin antimicrobial protein. This first member of a novel family of food allergens was named Pru du 8. The signature motif of the hairpinin antimicrobial protein can be found in the N-terminal region of some vicilin allergens (e.g., Ara h 1). It can also be found in the signal peptide of other vicilin allergens (e.g., Car i 2). In many species, however, vicilins do not contain such a motif, indicating that the presence of the signature motifs of the hairpinin antimicrobial protein in vicilins might be a result of translocation during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilian Che
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghua Donglu , Haidian District, Beijing 100038 , People's Republic of China
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Songsong Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghua Donglu , Haidian District, Beijing 100038 , People's Republic of China
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center , University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230007 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics , Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics , Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Tara McHugh
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
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8
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Che H, Zhang Y, Lyu SC, Nadeau KC, McHugh T. Identification of Almond ( Prunus dulcis) Vicilin As a Food Allergen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:425-432. [PMID: 30512943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Almond is one of the tree nuts listed by U.S. FDA as a food allergen source. A food allergen identified with patient sera has been debated to be the 2S albumin or the 7S vicilin. However, neither of these proteins has been defined as a food allergen. The purpose of this study was to clone, express, and purify almond vicilin and test whether it is a food allergen. Western blot experiment was performed with 18 individual sera from patients with double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical almond allergy. The results showed that 44% of the sera contained IgE antibodies that recognized the recombinant almond vicilin, indicating that it is an almond allergen. Identifying this and additional almond allergens will facilitate the understanding of the allergenicity of seed proteins in tree nuts and their cross-reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilian Che
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , No. 17 Qinghua Donglu, Haidian District , Beijing 100038 , P. R. China
- Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center , U. S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center , U. S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics , Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics , Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Tara McHugh
- Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center , U. S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
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9
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Nuber S, Rajsombath M, Minakaki G, Winkler J, Müller CP, Ericsson M, Caldarone B, Dettmer U, Selkoe DJ. Abrogating Native α-Synuclein Tetramers in Mice Causes a L-DOPA-Responsive Motor Syndrome Closely Resembling Parkinson's Disease. Neuron 2018; 100:75-90.e5. [PMID: 30308173 PMCID: PMC6211795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αS) regulates vesicle exocytosis but forms insoluble deposits in Parkinson's disease (PD). Developing disease-modifying therapies requires animal models that reproduce cardinal features of PD. We recently described a previously unrecognized physiological form of αS, α-helical tetramers, and showed that familial PD-causing missense mutations shift tetramers to aggregation-prone monomers. Here, we generated mice expressing the fPD E46K mutation plus 2 homologous E→K mutations in adjacent KTKEGV motifs. This tetramer-abrogating mutant causes phenotypes similar to PD. αS monomers accumulate at membranes and form vesicle-rich inclusions. αS becomes insoluble, proteinase K-resistant, Ser129-phosphorylated, and C-terminally truncated, as in PD. These changes affect regions controlling motor behavior, including a decrease in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. The outcome is a progressive motor syndrome including tremor and gait and limb deficits partially responsive to L-DOPA. This fully penetrant phenotype indicates that tetramers are required for normal αS homeostasis and that chronically shifting tetramers to monomers may result in PD, with attendant therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Nuber
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Molly Rajsombath
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Georgia Minakaki
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Winkler
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Ericsson
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Barbara Caldarone
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; NeuroBehavior Laboratory, Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ulf Dettmer
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dennis J Selkoe
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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10
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Wang DW, Ni WW, Zhou YJ, Huang W, Cao MD, Meng L, Wei JF. Expression, purification and epitope analysis of Pla a 2 allergen from Platanus acerifolia pollen. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:394-399. [PMID: 29115430 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Platanus acerifolia is one of the major sources of outdoor allergens to humans, and can induce allergic asthma, rhinitis, dermatitis and other allergic diseases. Pla a 2 is a polygalacturonase and represents the major allergen identified in P. acerifolia pollen. The aim of the present study was to express and purify Pla a 2, and to predict B and T cell epitopes of Pla a 2. The gene encoding Pla a 2 was cloned into the pET28a vector and subsequently transfected into ArcticExpress™ (DE3) Escherichia coli cells; purified Pla a 2 was analyzed by western blot analysis. The results of the present study revealed that the Pla a 2 allergen has the ability to bind immunoglobulin E within the sera of patients allergic to P. acerifolia pollen. In addition, the B cell epitopes of Pla a 2 were predicted using the DNAStar Protean system, Bioinformatics Predicted Antigenic Peptides and BepiPred 1.0 software; T cell epitopes were predicted using NetMHCIIpan ‑3.0 and ‑2.2. In total, eight B cell epitopes (15‑24, 60‑66, 78‑86, 109‑124, 232‑240, 260‑269, 298‑306 and 315‑322) and five T cell epitopes (62‑67, 86‑91, 125‑132, 217‑222 and 343‑350) were predicted in the present study. These findings may be used to improve allergen immunotherapies and reduce the frequency of pollen‑associated allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Wang Wang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Ni
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Zhou
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Wen Huang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Da Cao
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ling Meng
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Fu Wei
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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11
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Zhang Y, Fan Y. A Mutant Sumo Facilitates Quick Plasmid Construction for Expressing Proteins with Native N-termini After Tag Removal. Mol Biotechnol 2017; 59:159-167. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-017-9998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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Zhang YZ, Du WX, Fan Y, Yi J, Lyu SC, Nadeau KC, Thomas AL, McHugh T. Purification and Characterization of a Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) Allergen, Jug n 4. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:454-462. [PMID: 27936684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tree nuts as a group cause a significant number of fatal anaphylactic reactions to foods. Walnuts (Juglans spp.) are one of the leading causes of allergic reactions to tree nuts in the U.S. and Japan. The purpose of this study was to purify and characterize potential food allergens from black walnut. Here, we report the isolation of the black walnuts allergen Jug n 4 (an 11S globulin) by ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydrophobic interaction, and size exclusion chromatography. Reducing SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that purified Jug n 4 consists of three major bands. N-Terminal sequencing data of these bands indicated that they were the results of a post-transcriptional protease cleavage of the mature protein at a site that consists of a known conserved protease recognition motif, NGXEET. Western blot experiments revealed that 32% of the sera from 25 patients with double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical walnut allergy contained IgE antibodies that recognized Jug n 4, indicating that it is a walnut allergen. Identifying this and additional allergens may facilitate the understanding of the allergenicity of seed storage proteins in tree nuts and their cross-reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhu Zhang
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Wen-Xian Du
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Yuting Fan
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Jiang Yi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Andrew L Thomas
- Southwest Research Center, Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri , 14548 Highway H, Mt Vernon, Missouri 65712, United States
| | - Tara McHugh
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
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Shen Q, Zhang Y, Yang R, Hua X, Zhang W, Zhao W. Thermostability enhancement of cellobiose 2-epimerase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus by site-directed mutagenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Fan Y, Hua X, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Shen Q, Dong J, Zhao W, Zhang W, Jin Z, Yang R. Cloning, expression and structural stability of a cold-adapted β-galactosidase from Rahnella sp. R3. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 115:158-64. [PMID: 26145832 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel gene was isolated for the first time from a psychrophilic gram-negative bacterium Rahnella sp. R3. The gene encoded a cold-adapted β-galactosidase (R-β-Gal). Recombinant R-β-Gal was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), purified and characterized. R-β-gal belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 42. Circular dichroism spectrometry of the structural stability of R-β-Gal with respect to temperature indicated that the secondary structures of the enzyme were stable to 45°C. In solution, the enzyme was a homo-trimer and was active at temperatures as low as 4°C. The enzyme did not require the presence of metal ions to be active, but Mg(2+), Mn(2+), and Ca(2+) enhanced its activity slightly, whereas Fe(3+), Zn(2+) and Al(3+) appeared to inactive it. The purified enzyme displayed K(m) values of 6.5 mM for ONPG and 2.2mM for lactose at 4°C. These values were lower than the corresponding K(m)s reported for other cold-adapted β-Gals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China.
| | - Xiao Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China.
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA 94710, United States
| | - Yinghui Feng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Qiuyun Shen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Juan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Ruijin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China.
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