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Wax N, Pförtner LS, Holz N, Sterzl S, Melnik M, Kappel K, Bade P, Schröder U, Haase I, Fritsche J, Fischer M. Fast and User-Friendly Detection of Flatfish Species ( Pleuronectes platessa and Solea solea) via Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14795-14805. [PMID: 37751470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The detection of a Cytochrome b gene (cytb) for species differentiation in fish is intensively used. A fast alternative to expensive and time-consuming DNA barcoding is loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in combination with efficient readout systems. For this reason, we developed LAMP assays for rapid species detection of Pleuronectes platessa and Solea solea, two economically important flatfish species in Europe that are prone to mislabeling. Species-specific primer sets targeting cytb were designed, and LAMP assays were optimized. With the optimized LAMP assays, we were able to detect up to 0.1 and 0.01 ng of target DNA of P. platessa and S. solea, respectively, and in each case up to 1% (w/w) of target species in mixtures with nontarget species. For future on-site detection, a lateral flow assay and a pocket-sized lab-on-phone assay were used as readout systems. The lab-on-phone assay with the S. solea specific primer set revealed cross-reactivity to Solea senegalensis. The assay targeting P. platessa proved to be highly specific. Both assays could be performed within 45 min and provided rapid and easy detection of fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Wax
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Sophie Pförtner
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Sterzl
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melina Melnik
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Kappel
- National Reference Centre for Authentic Food, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI), Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany
| | - Patrizia Bade
- National Reference Centre for Authentic Food, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI), Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ute Schröder
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI), Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ilka Haase
- National Reference Centre for Authentic Food, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI), E.-C.-Baumann-Straße 20, 95326 Kulmbach, Germany
| | - Jan Fritsche
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI), Hermann-Weigmann-Straße 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Identification of Fish Species and Targeted Genetic Modifications Based on DNA Analysis: State of the Art. Foods 2023; 12:foods12010228. [PMID: 36613444 PMCID: PMC9818732 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Food adulteration is one of the most serious problems regarding food safety and quality worldwide. Besides misleading consumers, it poses a considerable health risk associated with the potential non-labeled allergen content. Fish and fish products are one of the most expensive and widely traded commodities, which predisposes them to being adulterated. Among all fraud types, replacing high-quality or rare fish with a less valuable species predominates. Because fish differ in their allergen content, specifically the main one, parvalbumin, their replacement can endanger consumers. This underlines the need for reliable, robust control systems for fish species identification. Various methods may be used for the aforementioned purpose. DNA-based methods are favored due to the characteristics of the target molecule, DNA, which is heat resistant, and the fact that through its sequencing, several other traits, including the recognition of genetic modifications, can be determined. Thus, they are considered to be powerful tools for identifying cases of food fraud. In this review, the major DNA-based methods applicable for fish meat and product authentication and their commercial applications are discussed, the possibilities of detecting genetic modifications in fish are evaluated, and future trends are highlighted, emphasizing the need for comprehensive and regularly updated online database resources.
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3
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Firidin S, Ozturk RC, Alemdag M, Eroglu O, Terzi Y, Kutlu I, Duzgunes ZD, Cakmak E, Aydin I. Population genetic structure of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L., 1758) in the Black Sea. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 97:1154-1164. [PMID: 32767370 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, is a commercially important demersal flatfish species distributed throughout the Black Sea. Several studies performed locally with a limited number of specimens using both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite markers evidenced notable genetic variation among populations. However, comprehensive population genetic studies are required to help management of the species in the Black Sea. In the present study eight microsatellite loci were used to resolve the population structure of 414 turbot samples collected from 12 sites across the Black Sea. Moreover, two mtDNA genes, COI and Cyt-b, were used for taxonomic identification. Microsatellite markers of Smax-04 and B12-I GT14 were excluded from analysis due to scoring issues. Data analysis was performed with the remaining six loci. Loci were highly polymorphic (average of 17.8 alleles per locus), indicating high genetic variability. Locus 3/20CA17, with high null allele frequency (>30%), significantly deviated from HW equilibrium. Pairwise comparison of the FST index showed significant differences between most of the surveyed sampling sites (P < 0.01). Cluster analysis evidenced the presence of three genetic groups among sampling sites. Significant genetic differentiation between Northern (Sea of Azov and Crimea) and Southern (Turkish Black Sea Coast) Black Sea sampling sites were detected. The Mantel test supported an isolation by distance model of population structure. These findings are vital for long-term sustainable management of the species and development of conservation programs. Moreover, generated mtDNA sequences would be useful for the establishment of a database for S. maximus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirin Firidin
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Rafet Cagri Ozturk
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | | | - Oguzhan Eroglu
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Kayseri Directorate of Provincial Agriculture and Forestry, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yahya Terzi
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ilyas Kutlu
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, Trabzon, Turkey
| | | | - Eyup Cakmak
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Aydin
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies, Ankara, Turkey
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5
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Rampazzo F, Tosi F, Tedeschi P, Gion C, Arcangeli G, Brandolini V, Giovanardi O, Maietti A, Berto D. Preliminary multi analytical approach to address geographic traceability at the intraspecific level in Scombridae family. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2020; 56:260-279. [PMID: 32216466 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2020.1739671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Globalization of seafood product marketing caused the increase of request of an effective fish traceability that enhances the consumer confidence in food safety. In this study, an integrated multi analytical approach based on two different and independent analytical techniques (carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and fatty acids analysis) was applied in order to identify different fish species and trace their geographical provenience. The investigation was focused on four species (Thunnus thynnus, Thunnus alalunga, Auxis rochei and Scomber scombrus) belonging to the Scombridae family. The DNA barcoding method confirmed genus and species for S. scombrus and A. rochei, but only genus for T. alalunga and T. thynnus. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes results evidenced different fish diets and trophic positions, whereas fatty acids analysis displayed that the unsaturated prevailed (∼60 %) over the saturated compounds with a variation among the species and the geographical area in particular for docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids percentage. The principal component analysis applied to stable isotopes and fatty acids evidenced a good discrimination among species and their geographical catching area. This multi-disciplinary analytical approach could represent a promising tool to identify the commercial fish and trace their origin in order to guarantee the health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Rampazzo
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Chioggia (VE), Italy
| | - Federica Tosi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Paola Tedeschi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara (FE), Ferrara (FE), Italy
| | - Claudia Gion
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Chioggia (VE), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Arcangeli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Brandolini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara (FE), Ferrara (FE), Italy
| | - Otello Giovanardi
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Chioggia (VE), Italy
| | - Annalisa Maietti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara (FE), Ferrara (FE), Italy
| | - Daniela Berto
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Chioggia (VE), Italy
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6
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Ferrito V, Raffa A, Rossitto L, Federico C, Saccone S, Pappalardo AM. Swordfish or Shark Slice? A Rapid Response by COIBar-RFLP. Foods 2019; 8:foods8110537. [PMID: 31683903 PMCID: PMC6915651 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Market transparency is in strong demand by consumers, and the authentication of species is an important step for seafood traceability. In this study, a simple molecular strategy, COIBar–RFLP (cytochrome oxidase I barcode–restriction fragment length polymorphism), is proposed to unveil commercial fraud based on the practice of species substitution in the swordfish trade. In particular, COI barcoding allowed the identification of the species Prionace glauca, Mustelus mustelus, and Oxynotus centrina in slices labeled as Xiphias gladius. Furthermore, the enzymatic digestion of COI amplicons using the MboI restriction endonuclease allowed the simultaneous discrimination of the four species. Interestingly, an intraspecific differential MboI pattern was obtained for the swordfish samples. This pattern was useful to differentiate the two different clades revealed in this species by phylogenetic analyses using several molecular markers. These results indicate the need to strengthen regulations and define molecular tools for combating the occurrence of fraud along the seafood supply chain and show that COIBar–RFLP could become a standardized molecular tool to assess seafood authenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venera Ferrito
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology "M. La Greca", University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Raffa
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology "M. La Greca", University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Luana Rossitto
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology "M. La Greca", University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Concetta Federico
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology "M. La Greca", University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Saccone
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology "M. La Greca", University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Pappalardo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology "M. La Greca", University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy.
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7
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Pappalardo AM, Federico C, Saccone S, Ferrito V. Differential flatfish species detection by COIBar-RFLP in processed seafood products. Eur Food Res Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-018-3129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Hong E, Lee SY, Jeong JY, Park JM, Kim BH, Kwon K, Chun HS. Modern analytical methods for the detection of food fraud and adulteration by food category. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:3877-3896. [PMID: 28397254 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This review provides current information on the analytical methods used to identify food adulteration in the six most adulterated food categories: animal origin and seafood, oils and fats, beverages, spices and sweet foods (e.g. honey), grain-based food, and others (organic food and dietary supplements). The analytical techniques (both conventional and emerging) used to identify adulteration in these six food categories involve sensory, physicochemical, DNA-based, chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, and have been combined with chemometrics, making these techniques more convenient and effective for the analysis of a broad variety of food products. Despite recent advances, the need remains for suitably sensitive and widely applicable methodologies that encompass all the various aspects of food adulteration. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Hong
- Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yoo Lee
- Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yun Jeong
- Science and Technology Management Policy, University of Science & Technology, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- R&D Strategy, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Park
- Science and Technology Management Policy, University of Science & Technology, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- R&D Strategy, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisung Kwon
- New Hazardous Substances Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Sook Chun
- Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BK21 Plus, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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9
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Montes I, Laconcha U, Iriondo M, Manzano C, Arrizabalaga H, Estonba A. Reduced Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Panels for Assigning Atlantic Albacore and Bay of Biscay Anchovy Individuals to Their Geographic Origin: Toward Sustainable Fishery Management. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4351-4358. [PMID: 28489943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing trend upon adding a detailed description of the origin of seafood products driven by a general interest in the implementation of sustainable fishery management plans for the conservation of marine ecosystems. North Atlantic albacore ("Bonito del Norte con Eusko Label") and Bay of Biscay anchovy ("Anchoa del Cantábrico") are two commercially important fish populations with high economical value and vulnerable to commercial fraud. This fact, together with the overexploited situation of these two populations, makes it necessary to develop a tool to identify individual origin and to detect commercial fraud. In the present study, we have developed and validated a traceability tool consisting of reduced panels of gene-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) suitable for assigning individuals of two species to their origin with unprecedented accuracy levels. Only 48 SNPs are necessary to assign 81.1% albacore and 93.4% anchovy individuals with 100% accuracy to their geographic origin. The total accuracy of the results demonstrates how gene-associated SNPs can revolutionize food traceability. Gene-associated SNP panels are not of mere commercial interest, but they also can result in a positive impact on sustainability of marine ecosystems through conservation of fish populations through establishing a more effective and sustainable fishery management framework and contributing to the prevention of falsified labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iratxe Montes
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Urtzi Laconcha
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Marine Research Division, AZTI , 20110 Pasaia, Spain
| | - Mikel Iriondo
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Carmen Manzano
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Andone Estonba
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) , 48940 Leioa, Spain
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10
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Espiñeira M, Vieites JM. FAST Real Time PCR for control of intra-species recycling in aquaculture feed, focused to the most relevant fish species farmed in Europe. Food Chem 2016; 204:352-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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DNA barcoding for the identification of common economic aquatic products in Central China and its application for the supervision of the market trade. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Genetic system for an integral traceability of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in aquaculture and seafood products: authentication by fast real-time PCR. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Dalama J, Vieites JM, Espiñeira M. Detection of the causal agents of Keriorrhea (Lepidocybium flavobrunneum and Ruvettus pretiosus) by means of Real Time PCR. Food Chem 2015; 174:326-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Detection of dog and cat traces in food, pet food and farm animal feed by real-time PCR. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Laknerová I, Zdeňková K, Purkrtová S, Piknová Ľ, Vyroubalová Š, Hanák P. Interlaboratory Identification of Black Seabream (S
pondyliosoma cantharus
) as a Model Species on Basis of Polymerase Chain Reaction Targeting the Second Intron of the Parvalbumin Gene. J FOOD QUALITY 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfq.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Laknerová
- Food Research Institute Prague; Radiová 1285/7 Praha 10 102 31 Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | - Petr Hanák
- Food Research Institute Prague; Radiová 1285/7 Praha 10 102 31 Czech Republic
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16
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Genetic system for traceability of goatfishes by FINS methodology and authentication of mullets (Mullus barbatus and Mullus surmuletus) by RT-PCR. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Caldelli A, Gigliarelli L, Bottinelli T, Palomba A, Chiesa S, Lucentini L. PCR-RFLP approaches to easily identifyPleuronectes platessafrom other flatfishes: a rapid and efficient tool to control label information. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2013.876556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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De Battisti C, Marciano S, Magnabosco C, Busato S, Arcangeli G, Cattoli G. Pyrosequencing as a tool for rapid fish species identification and commercial fraud detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:198-205. [PMID: 24350776 DOI: 10.1021/jf403545m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The increased consumption of fish products, as well as the occurrence of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea and in the fish market, has increased the risk of commercial fraud. Furthermore, the great amount of processed seafood products has greatly limited the application of classic identification systems. DNA-based identification allows a clear and unambiguous detection of polymorphisms between species, permitting differentiation and identification of both commercial fraud and introduction of species with potential toxic effects on humans. In this study, a novel DNA-based approach for differentiation of fish species based on pyrosequencing technology has been developed. Raw and processed fish products were tested, and up to 25 species of fish belonging to Clupeiformes and Pleuronectiformes groups were uniquely and rapidly identified. The proper identification based on short and unique genetic sequence signatures demonstrates that this approach is promising and cost-effective for large-scale surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian De Battisti
- Research & Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie , Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
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19
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Dalmasso A, Chiesa F, Civera T, Bottero MT. A novel minisequencing test for species identification of salted and dried products derived from species belonging to Gadiformes. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Santaclara FJ, Pérez-Martín RI, Sotelo CG. Developed of a method for the genetic identification of ling species (Genypterus spp.) in seafood products by FINS methodology. Food Chem 2013; 143:22-6. [PMID: 24054207 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present work a method of authentication of Genypterus and their substitute species was developed, by means of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique followed by phylogenetic analysis (FINS, Forensically Informative Nucleotide Sequencing). The methodology developed allows the identification of all the studied species using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COXI) as molecular marker. Substitutions of the species belonging to Genypterus genera by other species with minor value can take place, since in a lot of seafood products , is not possible the assignation to a particular species based on morphological traits, because it are removed in the transformation process. In this work several methodological strategies were developed and all of them allow the authentication of the studied species in any kind of products, from fresh or frozen fish, to ready-cooked meal. Therefore, the proposed methodology can be used as a routine method to avoid the mislabelling in the marketing of Genypterus species. Also this methodological approximation is suitable to assess the correct seafood traceability of the products elaborated from the mentioned species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Santaclara
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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21
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Soylemez O, Kondrashov FA. Estimating the rate of irreversibility in protein evolution. Genome Biol Evol 2013; 4:1213-22. [PMID: 23132897 PMCID: PMC3542581 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evs096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether or not evolutionary change is inherently irreversible remains a controversial
topic. Some examples of evolutionary irreversibility are known; however, this question has
not been comprehensively addressed at the molecular level. Here, we use data from 221
human genes with known pathogenic mutations to estimate the rate of irreversibility in
protein evolution. For these genes, we reconstruct ancestral amino acid sequences along
the mammalian phylogeny and identify ancestral amino acid states that match known
pathogenic mutations. Such cases represent inherent evolutionary irreversibility because,
at the present moment, reversals to these ancestral amino acid states are impossible for
the human lineage. We estimate that approximately 10% of all amino acid
substitutions along the mammalian phylogeny are irreversible, such that a return to the
ancestral amino acid state would lead to a pathogenic phenotype. For a subset of 51 genes
with high rates of irreversibility, as much as 40% of all amino acid evolution was
estimated to be irreversible. Because pathogenic phenotypes do not resemble ancestral
phenotypes, the molecular nature of the high rate of irreversibility in proteins is best
explained by evolution with a high prevalence of compensatory, epistatic interactions
between amino acid sites. Under such mode of protein evolution, once an amino acid
substitution is fixed, the probability of its reversal declines as the protein sequence
accumulates changes that affect the phenotypic manifestation of the ancestral state. The
prevalence of epistasis in evolution indicates that the observed high rate of
irreversibility in protein evolution is an inherent property of protein structure and
function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onuralp Soylemez
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Chiesa S, Filonzi L, Vaghi M, Papa R, Marzano FN. Molecular barcoding of an atypical cyprinid population assessed by cytochrome B gene sequencing. Zoolog Sci 2013; 30:408-13. [PMID: 23646946 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A fish population of the carp family Cyprinidae with atypical phenotypic characteristics was observed in one of the main catchments of the Pollino National Park, a valuable, protected area in southern Italy. In this area, the Italian roach Rutilus rubilio (Bonaparte, 1837), a native endemic fish of Tyrrhenean regions, has been introduced in sympatric conditions with Squalius squalus (Bonaparte, 1837) and Telestes muticellus (Bonaparte, 1837). A molecular investigation was carried out to assess the genetic identity of the population with a view to conservation. Direct sequencing of a cytochrome b gene fragment was performed based on 30 individuals of cyprinid fish with atypical phenotype, in addition to 30 S. squalus, 10 T. muticellus, and 30 R. rubilio pure individuals collected in different Italian regions, which served as reference samples. Multiple sequence alignments demonstrated that 50% of atypical-cyprinid haplotypes were maternally inherited from either S. squalus or R. rubilio. No contribution by T. muticellus was determined. Our results indicate an intergeneric hybridization event between S. squalus and R. rubilio, as a consequence of trans-introduction activities of alien species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Chiesa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, Italy
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23
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CAO J, LI J, ZHENG Q, XU J. Specific Real-time PCR Detection of Monkfish Ingredients. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.19.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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24
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Boukouvala E, Cariani A, Maes GE, Sevilla RG, Verrez-Bagnis V, Jérôme M, Guarniero I, Monios G, Tinti F, Volckaert FAM, Bautista JM, Krey G. Restriction fragment length analysis of the cytochrome b gene and muscle fatty acid composition differentiate the cryptic flatfish species Solea solea and Solea aegyptiaca. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:7941-7948. [PMID: 22809443 DOI: 10.1021/jf301250v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Overlapping external morphometric characters easily confound the flatfishes Solea aegyptiaca and Solea solea (Soleidae) in areas of the Mediterranean Sea where both species live in sympatry. This leads to uncertainties in the fisheries and marketing of the species, in addition to misinterpretations in biogeography and conservation studies. This paper describes a simple restriction fragment length-based diagnostic test that differentiates S. solea from S. aegyptiaca, as well as from other species of the Soleidae family. Furthermore, the two species living in sympatry in the Gulf of Kavala (North Aegean Sea, Greece) present significant qualitative differences in muscle fatty acid composition, a property that can also be used to distinguish the two cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evridiki Boukouvala
- National Agricultural Research Foundation, Fisheries Research Institute, Kavala, Greece
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25
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Huxley-Jones E, Shaw JLA, Fletcher C, Parnell J, Watts PC. Use of DNA barcoding to reveal species composition of convenience seafood. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2012; 26:367-371. [PMID: 22268756 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01813.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Increased education of consumers can be an effective tool for conservation of commercially harvested marine species when product labeling is accurate and allows an informed choice. However, generic labeling (e.g., as white fish or surimi) and mislabeling of seafood prevents this and may erode consumer confidence in seafood product labels in general. We used DNA barcoding to identify the species composition of two types of convenience seafood (i.e., products processed for ease of consumption): fish fingers (long pieces of fish covered with bread crumbs or batter, n = 241) and seafood sticks (long pieces of cooked fish, n = 30). In products labeled as either white fish or surimi, four teleost species were present. Less than 1.5% of fish fingers with species-specific information were mislabeled. Results of other studies show substantially more mislabeling (e.g., >25%) of teleost products, which likely reflects the lower economic gains associated with mislabeling of convenience seafood compared with whole fillets. In addition to species identification, seafood product labels should be required to contain information about, for example, harvesting practices, and our data indicate that consumers can have reasonable confidence in the accuracy of the labels of convenience seafood and thus select brands on the basis of information about current fisheries practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Huxley-Jones
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
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26
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Alaskan flatfishes on the German market: part 1: identification by DNA and protein analytical methods. Eur Food Res Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-011-1629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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27
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Herrero B, Lago FC, Vieites JM, Espiñeira M. Real-time PCR method applied to seafood products for authentication of European sole (Solea solea) and differentiation of common substitute species. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2011; 29:12-8. [PMID: 22049986 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2011.623682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Judged by quality and taste, the European sole (Solea solea) is considered one of the finest flatfish and is, thus, of considerable commercial value. In the present work, a specific fast real-time PCR was developed for the authentication of S. solea, i.e. to distinguish it from other related species and avoid substitution of this species, either deliberately or unintentionally. The method is based on a species-specific set of primers and MGB Taqman probe which amplifies a 116-bp fragment of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS 1) ribosomal DNA region. This assay combines the high specificity and sensitivity of real-time PCR with the rapidity of the fast mode, allowing the detection of S. solea in a short period of time. The present methodology was validated for application to all types of manufactured products for the presence of S. solea, with successful results. Subsequently, the method was applied to 40 commercial samples to determine whether correct labeling had been employed in the market. It was demonstrated that the assay is a useful tool in monitoring and verifying food labeling regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Herrero
- Area of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Vigo, 36310 Pontevedra, Spain
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28
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Herrero B, Lago FC, Vieites JM, Espiñeira M. Development of a rapid and simple molecular identification methodology for true sardines (Sardina pilchardus) and false sardines (Sardinella aurita) based on the real-time PCR technique. Eur Food Res Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-011-1577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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29
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Carvalho DC, Neto DAP, Brasil BSAF, Oliveira DAA. DNA barcoding unveils a high rate of mislabeling in a commercial freshwater catfish from Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 22 Suppl 1:97-105. [DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2011.588219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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30
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31
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Molecular characterization of icefish, (Salangidae family), using direct sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Lago FC, Herrero B, Vieites JM, Espiñeira M. Genetic identification of horse mackerel and related species in seafood products by means of forensically informative nucleotide sequencing methodology. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:2223-2228. [PMID: 21332203 DOI: 10.1021/jf104505q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a methodology based on the amplification of a fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome b and subsequent phylogenetic analysis (FINS: forensically informative nucleotide sequencing) to genetically identify horse mackerels have been developed. This methodology makes possible the identification of more than 20 species belonging to the families Carangidae, Mullidae, and Scombridae. The main novelty of this work lies in the longest number of different horse mackerel species included and in the applicability of the developed methods to all kinds of processed products that can be found by consumers in markets around the world, including those that have undergone intensive processes of transformation, as for instance canned foods. Finally, the methods were applied to 15 commercial samples, all of them canned products. Therefore, these methods are useful for checking the fulfillment of labeling regulations for horse mackerels and horse mackerel products, verifying the correct traceability in commercial trade, and fisheries control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima C Lago
- Area of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Vigo, 36310 Pontevedra, Spain
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33
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Advances in DNA-based techniques for the detection of seafood species substitution on the commercial market. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 16:308-21. [PMID: 21764026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jala.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increased worldwide trade and processing of seafood has increased the potential for species substitution on the commercial market. To detect and prevent species substitution, several deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based methods have been developed that can be used to identify species in a variety of food types. For large-scale applications, such as regulatory screening, these methods must be rapid, cost-effective, reliable, and have high potential for automation. This review highlights recent technological advances in DNA-based identification methods, with a focus on seafood species identification in automated, high-throughput settings. Advances in DNA isolation methods include silica-based columns for use in high-throughput operations and magnetic bead particles for increased and targeted recovery of DNA. The three most widely used methods for seafood species identification (polymerase chain reaction [PCR] sequencing, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and species-specific PCR) will be discussed, with a focus on the incorporation of technologies such as rapid PCR cycling, microfluidic chips, and real-time PCR. Emerging methods, including DNA microarrays and next-generation sequencing will also be explored for their potential to identify seafood species on a large scale. Overall, many of the technological advances discussed here offer complementary properties that will enable species identification in a variety of settings and with a range of products.
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Herrero B, Madriñán M, Vieites JM, Espiñeira M. Rapid identification of seaweeds in food products by PCR combined with ALF-RFLP and FINS methodologies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:11586-11592. [PMID: 20977237 DOI: 10.1021/jf103464b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, two methods for the genetic identification of the most important seaweed species used for human consumption were developed. Both are carried out through PCR amplification of an 18S rRNA gene fragment. The first one is based on the phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences (FINS), while the second is based on length polymorphism and RFLP visualized by means of an ALF system. The main novelty of this work lies in the fact that it allows genetic identification of the main commercial species of seaweed. Moreover, the developed systems can be applied to all kinds of processed products, including those that have undergone intensive transformation, as for instance canned foods. These methodologies also permit the detection of species in complex matrixes where more than one algal species is present. The methods were validated using products manufactured in a pilot plant showing correct functioning. Finally, the methods were applied to 23 commercial samples including some that had been subjected to intensive thermal treatment, allowing the detection of those that were incorrectly labeled (30%). Therefore, these molecular tools can be used for clarifying questions related to the correct labeling and traceability of commercial products that include some seaweeds in their composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Herrero
- Area of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Vigo, 36310 Pontevedra, Spain
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Kochzius M, Seidel C, Antoniou A, Botla SK, Campo D, Cariani A, Vazquez EG, Hauschild J, Hervet C, Hjörleifsdottir S, Hreggvidsson G, Kappel K, Landi M, Magoulas A, Marteinsson V, Nölte M, Planes S, Tinti F, Turan C, Venugopal MN, Weber H, Blohm D. Identifying Fishes through DNA Barcodes and Microarrays. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12620. [PMID: 20838643 PMCID: PMC2935389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background International fish trade reached an import value of 62.8 billion Euro in 2006, of which 44.6% are covered by the European Union. Species identification is a key problem throughout the life cycle of fishes: from eggs and larvae to adults in fisheries research and control, as well as processed fish products in consumer protection. Methodology/Principal Findings This study aims to evaluate the applicability of the three mitochondrial genes 16S rRNA (16S), cytochrome b (cyt b), and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) for the identification of 50 European marine fish species by combining techniques of “DNA barcoding” and microarrays. In a DNA barcoding approach, neighbour Joining (NJ) phylogenetic trees of 369 16S, 212 cyt b, and 447 COI sequences indicated that cyt b and COI are suitable for unambiguous identification, whereas 16S failed to discriminate closely related flatfish and gurnard species. In course of probe design for DNA microarray development, each of the markers yielded a high number of potentially species-specific probes in silico, although many of them were rejected based on microarray hybridisation experiments. None of the markers provided probes to discriminate the sibling flatfish and gurnard species. However, since 16S-probes were less negatively influenced by the “position of label” effect and showed the lowest rejection rate and the highest mean signal intensity, 16S is more suitable for DNA microarray probe design than cty b and COI. The large portion of rejected COI-probes after hybridisation experiments (>90%) renders the DNA barcoding marker as rather unsuitable for this high-throughput technology. Conclusions/Significance Based on these data, a DNA microarray containing 64 functional oligonucleotide probes for the identification of 30 out of the 50 fish species investigated was developed. It represents the next step towards an automated and easy-to-handle method to identify fish, ichthyoplankton, and fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Kochzius
- Centre for Applied Gene Sensor Technology, FB2-UFT, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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Catanese G, Manchado M, Fernández-Trujillo A, Infante C. A multiplex-PCR assay for the authentication of mackerels of the genus Scomber in processed fish products. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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37
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Filonzi L, Chiesa S, Vaghi M, Nonnis Marzano F. Molecular barcoding reveals mislabelling of commercial fish products in Italy. Food Res Int 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Herrero B, Madriñán M, Vieites JM, Espiñeira M. Authentication of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) using real time PCR. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:4794-4799. [PMID: 20355721 DOI: 10.1021/jf904018h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the development of a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) system for the detection and identification of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Among the advantages of this technique, it is worth highlighting that this is reliable in terms of specificity and sensitivity. The TaqMan real-time PCR is the simplest, fastest testing process and has the highest potential for automation, therefore representing the currently most suitable method for screening, allowing the detection of fraudulent or unintentional mislabeling of this species. The method can be applied to all kinds of products, fresh, frozen, and processed products, including those undergoing intensive processes of transformation. The developed methodology using specific primer-probe set was validated and further applied to 40 commercial samples labeled as cod in order to determinate if the species used for their manufacturing corresponded to G. morhua, detecting 20% that were incorrectly labeled. A C(t) value of about 19 was obtained when G. morhua was present. In samples with a species mixture, all samples that had a fluorescence signal were positive (C(t) < 30) for the presence of G. morhua by conventional end-point RT-PCR, and the estimated limit of detection for these type of samples was of 20 pg of DNA. The methodology herein developed is useful to check the fulfilment of labeling regulations for seafood products and verify the correct traceability in commercial trade and for fisheries control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Herrero
- Area of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Vigo, 36310 Pontevedra, Spain
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Development of a genetic method for the identification of salmon, trout, and bream in seafood products by means of PCR–RFLP and FINS methodologies. Eur Food Res Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-009-1107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Espiñeira M, González-Lavín N, Vieites JM, Santaclara FJ. Authentication of anglerfish species (Lophius spp) by means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and forensically informative nucleotide sequencing (FINS) methodologies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:10594-10599. [PMID: 18975961 DOI: 10.1021/jf801728q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lophius represents the most important genus of the family Lophiidae from a commercial point of view. The main marketing formats of the species included in this genus are tails and cheeks, making impossible the species identification on the basis of their morphological characters. In the present study, two methods based on the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences [forensically informative nucleotide sequencing (FINS)] were developed to differentiate the seven species contained in the genus Lophius. In both cases, the molecular marker studied was the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI). The RFLP analysis of the PCR products digested with the endonuclease Mbo I generated species-specific restriction profiles, and the phylogenetic analysis showing a neighbor-joining tree with independent nodes was strongly supported for all of the studied species. These methods were applied to 40 commercial samples, allowing us to detect the samples incorrectly labeled. The fraudulent labeling ratio was higher in processed products (68.75%) than whole fish (31.25%). The species subjected to mislabeling were L. budegassa (68.75%), L. vomerinus (18.75%), and L. piscatorius (12.5%). Therefore, both methodologies can be independently used to authenticate the species belonging to the genus Lophius, being useful to check the fulfillment of labeling regulations of seafood products and to verify the correct traceability of commercial trade and the control of fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Espiñeira
- Area of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
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