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Grassi S, Borgonovo G, Gennaro M, Alamprese C. NMR-based approach to detect white wine vinegar fraud. Food Chem 2024; 456:139953. [PMID: 38865821 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF-NMR) can be a valid tool in food fingerprint analyses to detect commercial frauds. Thus, the work aims at exploring the potential of LF-NMR, coupled with chemometrics, in discriminating authentic white wine vinegars from products adulterated with alcohol vinegars (i.e., 5-25% v/v adulteration levels). The monodimensional spectra and transverse relaxation times (T2) of 88 samples, including 32 authentic vinegars and 56 adulterated samples, were collected. Three different spectral regions were investigated (i.e., 3.75-0.90, 3.75-2.00, and 1.50-0.90 ppm) and, for each, fifteen variables were selected from the pretreated monodimensional spectra. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) on monodimensional spectra in the range 3.75-0.90 ppm gave 100% correct classification of authentic and adulterated vinegars in prediction, whereas LDA models developed with acetic acid or water T2 failed. In conclusion, LF-NMR spectra can be effectively used to detect, in a rapid and non-destructive way, white wine vinegar adulteration with alcohol vinegar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Grassi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Gigliola Borgonovo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Matteo Gennaro
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Cristina Alamprese
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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2
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Faux DA, Istók Ö, Rahaman AA, McDonald PJ, McKiernan E, Brougham DF. Nuclear spin relaxation in aqueous paramagnetic ion solutions. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:054605. [PMID: 37328976 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.054605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A Brownian shell model describing the random rotational motion of a spherical shell of uniform particle density is presented and validated by molecular dynamics simulations. The model is applied to proton spin rotation in aqueous paramagnetic ion complexes to yield an expression for the Larmor-frequency-dependent nuclear magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation rate T_{1}^{-1}(ω) describing the dipolar coupling of the nuclear spin of the proton with the electronic spin of the ion. The Brownian shell model provides a significant enhancement to existing particle-particle dipolar models without added complexity, allowing fits to experimental T_{1}^{-1}(ω) dispersion curves without arbitrary scaling parameters. The model is successfully applied to measurements of T_{1}^{-1}(ω) from aqueous manganese(II), iron(III), and copper(II) systems where the scalar coupling contribution is known to be small. Appropriate combinations of Brownian shell and translational diffusion models, representing the inner and outer sphere relaxation contributions, respectively, are shown to provide excellent fits. Quantitative fits are obtained to the full dispersion curve of each aquoion with just five fit parameters, with the distance and time parameters each taking a physically justifiable numerical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Faux
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Eoin McKiernan
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dermot F Brougham
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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3
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Molecular Dynamics of Jelly Candies by Means of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052230. [PMID: 36903475 PMCID: PMC10005792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
1H spin-lattice Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxation studies have been performed for different kinds of Haribo jelly and Vidal jelly in a very broad frequency range from about 10 kHz to 10 MHz to obtain insight into the dynamic and structural properties of jelly candies on the molecular level. This extensive data set has been thoroughly analyzed revealing three dynamic processes, referred to as slow, intermediate and fast dynamics occurring on the timescale of 10-6 s, 10-7 s and 10-8 s, respectively. The parameters have been compared for different kinds of jelly for the purpose of revealing their characteristic dynamic and structural properties as well as to enquire into how increasing temperature affects these properties. It has been shown that dynamic processes in different kinds of Haribo jelly are similar (this can be treated as a sign of their quality and authenticity) and that the fraction of confined water molecules is reduced with increasing temperature. Two groups of Vidal jelly have been identified. For the first one, the parameters (dipolar relaxation constants and correlation times) match those for Haribo jelly. For the second group including cherry jelly, considerable differences in the parameters characterizing their dynamic properties have been revealed.
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İlhan E, Poçan P, Kruk D, Wojciechowski M, Osuch M, Markiewicz R, Jurga S, Oztop MH. Water Dynamics in Starch Based Confectionery Products including Different Types of Sugar. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072216. [PMID: 35408623 PMCID: PMC9000446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch-based confectionery products were prepared using different types of sugar. In addition to using different sugar, starch was replaced with soy protein isolate (SPI) in some of the products. 1H NMR spin-lattice relaxation experiments were performed for the collection of products in a broad frequency range from 4 KHz to 30 MHz to get insight into the influence of different sugar types and SPI on the dynamics of water in composite gel systems. The relaxation data have been decomposed into relaxation contributions associated with two different pools of water molecules characterized by different mobility. The translation dynamics of water molecules has been quantitatively described in terms of a dedicated relaxation model. The influence of the sample composition (the type of sugar and/or the presence of SPI) on the water mobility was thoroughly discussed. The results indicate that the addition of soy protein does not affect water dynamics for samples including sucrose. In addition, as the complementary measurements, physical properties of the products, such as the moisture content, water activity and texture, were investigated in terms of X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmanur İlhan
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (E.İ.); (M.H.O.)
| | - Pelin Poçan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya 42080, Turkey;
| | - Danuta Kruk
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Michala Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Miłosz Wojciechowski
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna 54, 10-710 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Maciej Osuch
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Michala Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Roksana Markiewicz
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (R.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (R.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Mecit Halil Oztop
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (E.İ.); (M.H.O.)
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5
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Piacenza E, Chillura Martino DF, Cinquanta L, Conte P, Lo Meo P. Differentiation among dairy products by combination of fast field cycling NMR relaxometry data and chemometrics. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2022; 60:369-385. [PMID: 34632630 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A set of commercial milk and Sicilian cheeses was analysed by a combination of fast field cycling (FFC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry and chemometrics. The NMR dispersion (NMRD) curves were successfully analysed with a mathematical model applied on Parmigiano-Reggiano (PR) cheese. Regression parameters were led back to the molecular components of cheeses (water trapped in casein micelles, proteins and fats) and milk samples (water belonging to hydration shells around dispersed colloidal particles of different sizes and bulk water). The application of chemometric analysis on relaxometric data enabled differentiating milk from cheeses and revealing differences within the two sample groups of either cheeses or milk samples. Marked differences among cheeses were evidenced by statistical analysis of the sole quadrupolar peaks parameters, suggesting that these contain information on the nature of the milk used during cheese production. Hence, combination of FFC NMR and chemometrics represents a powerful tool to investigate alterations in dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Piacenza
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Luciano Cinquanta
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Conte
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Lo Meo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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6
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Kruk D, Masiewicz E, Budny J, Kolodziejski K, Zulewska J, Wieczorek Z. Relationship between macroscopic properties of honey and molecular dynamics – temperature effects. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Pocan P, Knapkiewicz M, Rachocki A, Oztop MH. Detection of Authenticity and Quality of the Turkish Delights (Lokum) by Means of Conventional and Fast Field Cycling Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12089-12101. [PMID: 34153190 PMCID: PMC8532161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Turkish delights (lokum) are traditional confectionery products that contain mainly sucrose as the sugar source and starch as the gelling agent. However, manufacturers sometimes might prefer to use corn syrup instead of sucrose to decrease the cost. This jeopardizes the originality of Turkish delights and leads to production of adulterated samples. In this study, Turkish delights were formulated using sucrose (original sample) and different types of corn syrups (SBF10, SCG40, and SCG60). Results clearly indicated that corn-syrup-containing samples had improved textural properties and were less prone to crystallization. However, this case affected authenticity of the products negatively. Both time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD NMR) and fast field cycling nuclear magnetic resonance (FFC NMR) techniques were found to be effective to discriminate the original samples from the corn-syrup-containing samples. In addition, quantitative analysis of FFC NMR showed that, apart from the rotational motions, molecules in Turkish delights (mainly water and also sugar molecules) undergo two types of translational dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Pocan
- Department
of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical
University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Adam Rachocki
- Institute
of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of
Sciences, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mecit Halil Oztop
- Department
of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical
University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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8
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Ates EG, Beira MJ, Oztop MH, Sebastião PJ. Characterization of Pectin-Based Gels: A 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry Study. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12102-12110. [PMID: 34553923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rare sugars are monosaccharides and their derivatives that are not commonly found in nature. d-Allulose is a rare sugar that is C-3 epimer of fructose and presents an alternative to sucrose with potential health benefits. In this study, different amounts of sucrose, d-allulose, and soy protein isolate (SPI) were used to prepare a set of pectin gels. The effect of these ingredients on the gels was studied at both a molecular level, by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry, and a macroscopic level, through the assessment of viscoelastic properties as well as hardness and moisture content measurements. The NMR dispersion profiles were analyzed considering relaxation mechanisms associated with rotational and translational diffusion motions of mono- and disaccharides as well as bound water molecules. Significant variations of the local diffusion coefficient for the studied formulations were evidenced by the model fitting analysis. The viscosity trends observed within each group of samples having the same amount of SPI were mostly in agreement with the diffusion coefficients obtained from the NMR relaxometry. The observed discrepancies could be explained considering hardness and moisture content results, which put into evidence the fact that decreasing the moisture (mainly free water) affects the macroscopic properties of the systems, such as hardness and viscosity, but not the local diffusion processes probed by NMR relaxometry. These findings show the importance of combining both micro- and macroscopic information to analyze the different properties of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Gokcen Ates
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Food Engineering, Cankiri Karatekin University, Uluyazi Campus, 18100 Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Maria J Beira
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mecit H Oztop
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pedro J Sebastião
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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9
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Analysis of the Proton Spin–Lattice Relaxation in Wine and Hydroalcoholic Solutions. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Kruk D, Florek-Wojciechowska M, Oztop M, Ilhan E, Wieczorek Z. Water dynamics in eggs by means of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 327:106976. [PMID: 33901897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2021.106976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry has been applied to reveal dynamical properties of water molecules embedded into egg yolk and white of three species: turkey, chicken and quail. Two fractions of water molecules, referred to as confined-water and free-water fractions, have been revealed. It has been demonstrated that translation diffusion of the confined-water fraction is three-dimensional. The dynamics of the confined-water has been quantitatively described in terms of diffusion coefficients and rotational correlation times. The parameters have been compared for egg yolk and white for all the species. In addition to these quantities, the number of the confined-water molecules per unit volume has been provided for all cases. The obtained parameters provide insight into the dynamics of water in eggs of different origin and allow to identify similarities and differences between them in connection to the structure of the network formed by the macromolecular fraction of egg yolk and white.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Kruk
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Michała Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Florek-Wojciechowska
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Michała Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mecit Oztop
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esmanur Ilhan
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zbigniew Wieczorek
- Department of Physics & Biophysics, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Michała Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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11
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Kruk D, Florek – Wojciechowska M, Masiewicz E, Oztop M, Ploch-Jankowska A, Duda P, Wilczynski S. Water mobility in cheese by means of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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13
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Exploring the water mobility in gelatin based soft candies by means of Fast Field Cycling (FFC) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Conte P, Cinquanta L, Lo Meo P, Mazza F, Micalizzi A, Corona O. Fast field cycling NMR relaxometry as a tool to monitor Parmigiano Reggiano cheese ripening. Food Res Int 2021; 139:109845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Preliminary Study on Ultrasonic Ageing Zhenjiang Vinegar Mechanism Based on Maillard Simulation System. J FOOD QUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/1087863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, ultrasonic technology was used to treat Zhenjiang vinegar, and the effects on the physicochemical characteristics of Zhenjiang vinegar were investigated. The influences of ultrasound time and power on the number of induced hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals were also investigated. Besides, the novel simulation system of the Maillard reaction was built to research the effects of different ultrasonic times and power treatment on Zhenjiang vinegar. The results show that, under the conditions of ultrasonic treatment, the changes of Zhenjiang vinegar physiochemical index, such as color, reducing sugar, and amino acid, are consistent with those of natural ageing. In addition, ultrasound can produce a cavitation effect and cracking water molecules to produce hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals, so as to achieve the ageing effect of vinegar.
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16
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance with Fast Field-Cycling Setup: A Valid Tool for Soil Quality Investigation. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques are largely employed in several fields. As an example, NMR spectroscopy is used to provide structural and conformational information on pure systems, while affording quantitative evaluation on the number of nuclei in a given chemical environment. When dealing with relaxation, NMR allows understanding of molecular dynamics, i.e., the time evolution of molecular motions. The analysis of relaxation times conducted on complex liquid–liquid and solid–liquid mixtures is directly related to the nature of the interactions among the components of the mixture. In the present review paper, the peculiarities of low resolution fast field-cycling (FFC) NMR relaxometry in soil science are reported. In particular, the general aspects of the typical FFC NMR relaxometry experiment are firstly provided. Afterwards, a discussion on the main mathematical models to be used to “read” and interpret experimental data on soils is given. Following this, an overview on the main results in soil science is supplied. Finally, new FFC NMR-based hypotheses on nutrient dynamics in soils are described
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17
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Quantification of manganous ions in wine by NMR relaxometry. Talanta 2020; 209:120561. [PMID: 31892047 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Proton relaxation in model and real wines is investigated for the first time by fast field cycling NMR relaxometry. The relaxation mechanism unambiguously originates form proton interaction with paramagnetic ions naturally present in wines. Profiles of a white Chardonnay wine from Burgundy, a red Medoc, and model wines are well reproduced by Solomon-Bloembergen-Morgan equations. Relaxation is primarily governed by interactions with Mn2+. A straightforward model-independent quantification of the manganese ion concentration (down to few tens of μg/L) is proposed.
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18
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FFC NMR Relaxometer with Magnetic Flux Density Control. JOURNAL OF LOW POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/jlpea9030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes an innovative solution for the power supply of a fast field cycling (FFC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer considering its low power consumption, portability and low cost. In FFC cores, the magnetic flux density must be controlled in order to perform magnetic flux density cycles with short transients, while maintaining the magnetic flux density levels with high accuracy and homogeneity. Typical solutions in the FFC NMR literature use current control to get the required magnetic flux density cycles, which correspond to an indirect magnetic flux density control. The main feature of this new relaxometer is the direct control of the magnetic flux density instead of the magnet current, in contrast with other equipment available in the market. This feature is a great progress because it improves the performance. With this solution it is possible to compensate magnetic field disturbances and parasitic magnetic fields guaranteeing, among other possibilities, a field control below the earth magnetic field. Experimental results validating the developed solution and illustrating the real operation of this type of equipment are shown.
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19
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Uguz SS, Ozvural EB, Beira MJ, Oztop MH, Sebastião PJ. Use of NMR Relaxometry to identify frankfurters of different meat sources. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1542162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirvan Sultan Uguz
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - E. Burcin Ozvural
- Department of Food Engineering, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Maria Jardim Beira
- CeFEMA – Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials and Department of Physics, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mecit Halil Oztop
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pedro José Sebastião
- CeFEMA – Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials and Department of Physics, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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20
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Steele RM, Korb JP, Ferrante G, Bubici S. New applications and perspectives of fast field cycling NMR relaxometry. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:502-9. [PMID: 25855084 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The field cycling NMR relaxometry method (also known as fast field cycling (FFC) when instruments employing fast electrical switching of the magnetic field are used) allows determination of the spin-lattice relaxation time (T1 ) continuously over five decades of Larmor frequency. The method can be exploited to observe the T1 frequency dependence of protons, as well as any other NMR-sensitive nuclei, such as (2) H, (13) C, (31) P, and (19) F in a wide range of substances and materials. The information obtained is directly correlated with the physical/chemical properties of the compound and can be represented as a 'nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion' curve. We present some recent academic and industrial applications showing the relevance of exploiting FFC NMR relaxometry in complex materials to study the molecular dynamics or, simply, for fingerprinting or quality control purposes. The basic nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion features are outlined in representative examples of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, porous media, proteins, and food stuffs. We will focus on the new directions and perspectives for the FFC technique. For instance, the introduction of the latest Wide Bore FFC NMR relaxometers allows probing, for the first time, of the dynamics of confined surface water contained in the macro-pores of carbonate rock cores. We also evidence the use of the latest field cycling technology with a new cryogen-free variable-field electromagnet, which enhances the range of available frequencies in the 2D T1 -T2 correlation spectrum for separating oil and water in crude oil. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Pierre Korb
- Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique-CNRS, 91128, Palaiseau, France
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21
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Capitani D, Sobolev AP, Delfini M, Vista S, Antiochia R, Proietti N, Bubici S, Ferrante G, Carradori S, De Salvador FR, Mannina L. NMR methodologies in the analysis of blueberries. Electrophoresis 2015; 35:1615-26. [PMID: 24668393 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An NMR analytical protocol based on complementary high and low field measurements is proposed for blueberry characterization. Untargeted NMR metabolite profiling of blueberries aqueous and organic extracts as well as targeted NMR analysis focused on anthocyanins and other phenols are reported. Bligh-Dyer and microwave-assisted extractions were carried out and compared showing a better recovery of lipidic fraction in the case of microwave procedure. Water-soluble metabolites belonging to different classes such as sugars, amino acids, organic acids, and phenolic compounds, as well as metabolites soluble in organic solvent such as triglycerides, sterols, and fatty acids, were identified. Five anthocyanins (malvidin-3-glucoside, malvidin-3-galactoside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-galactoside, and petunidin-3-glucoside) and 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl quercetin were identified in solid phase extract. The water status of fresh and withered blueberries was monitored by portable NMR and fast-field cycling NMR. (1) H depth profiles, T2 transverse relaxation times and dispersion profiles were found to be sensitive to the withering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Capitani
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
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Valentini M, Ritota M, Cafiero C, Cozzolino S, Leita L, Sequi P. The HRMAS-NMR tool in foodstuff characterisation. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2011; 49 Suppl 1:S121-S125. [PMID: 22290702 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
High resolution magic angle spinning, that is, HRMAS, is a quite novel tool in NMR spectroscopy; it offers the almost unique opportunity of measuring intact tissues disguised as suspended or swollen in a deuterated solvent. The feasibility of (1)H-HRMAS-NMR in foodstuff characterisation has been exploited, but in spite of this, its applications are still limited. Metabolic profiling and biopolymer composition and aggregation are the topics investigated until now for raw vegetables, meat and processed foodstuff. Almost all known studies are reported in the next pages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Valentini
- Agricultural Research Council-Research Centre for Plant Soil System, Instrumental Centre of Tor Mancina, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy.
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