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Sibhat G, Montalvo LD, Kahsay G, Schepdael A, Adams E. Quality of African moringa (
Moringa stenopetala
) leaf samples by liquid chromatography of phenolics, loss on drying and ash content. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gereziher Sibhat
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2 Leuven Belgium
- Mekelle University College of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy Mekelle Ethiopia
| | - Laura Díaz Montalvo
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2 Leuven Belgium
| | - Getu Kahsay
- Mekelle University College of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy Mekelle Ethiopia
| | - AnnVan Schepdael
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2 Leuven Belgium
| | - Erwin Adams
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2 Leuven Belgium
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Shin NR, Moon JS, Shin SY, Li L, Lee YB, Kim TJ, Han NS. Isolation and characterization of human intestinal Enterococcus avium EFEL009 converting rutin to quercetin. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 62:68-74. [PMID: 26505733 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Quercetin is a flavonol believed to have beneficial effects on human health. Rutin, found in many plants, fruits and vegetables, is metabolized by human intestinal bacteria and converted to quercetin, where it is absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. This study aimed to isolate and characterize human intestinal bacteria capable of converting rutin to quercetin. A bacterium that can metabolize rutin was isolated from human faecal samples and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The whole-cell enzymatic activities on flavonoid glycoside and the conversion profiles of the isolate were also analysed. The bacterium was identified as Enterococcus avium EFEL009 and was shown to convert rutin to isoquercetin and then to quercetin under anaerobic conditions. Microscopic analysis revealed short chains of cocci with diameters of approx. 1 μm. β-Glucosidase was shown to be constitutively expressed in Ent. avium, while α-rhamnosidase was expressed following induction by rutin. Both enzymes were mainly localized to the cell surface. This study is the first report on the isolation of a quercetin-producing Ent. avium FEEL009, which could be a potential industrial starter bacterium. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Quercetin is a member of the flavonoids family reported to have better cytoprotective abilities, stronger inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production, and better chemoprevention than rutin. This is the first report on the isolation and characterization of Enterococcus avium EFEL009 from the human intestine which is capable of converting rutin to quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Shin
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - J S Moon
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - S-Y Shin
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - L Li
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Y B Lee
- Central Research Institute, Dr. Chung's Food Co. Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - T-J Kim
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - N S Han
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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Chen CY, Huang YC, Yang TY, Jian JY, Chen WL, Yang CH. Degradation of konjac glucomannan by Thermobifida fusca thermostable β-mannanase from yeast transformant. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 82:1-6. [PMID: 26476245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Native konjac glucomannan was used as the substrate for thermophilic actinomycetes, Thermobifida fusca BCRC19214, to produce β-mannanase. The β-mannanase was purified and five internal amino acid sequences were determined by LC-MS/MS. These sequences had high homology with the β-mannanase from T. fusca YX. The tfm gene which encoded the β-mannanase was cloned, sequenced and heterologous expressed in Yarrowia lipolytica P01 g expression system. Recombinant heterologous expression resulted in extracellular β-mannanase production at levels as high as 3.16 U/ml in the culture broth within 48 h cultivation. The recombinant β-mannanase from Y. lipolytica transformant had superior thermal property. The optimal temperature of the recombinant β-mannanase from Y. lipolytica transformant (pYLSC1-tfm) was 80°C. When native konjac glucomannan was incubated with the recombinant β-mannanase from Y. lipolytica transformant (pYLSC1-tfm) at 50°C, there was a fast decrease of viscosity happen during the initial phase of reaction. This viscosity reduction was accompanied by an increase of reducing sugars. The surface of konjac glucomannan film became smooth. After 24h of treatment, the DPw of native konjac glucomannan decreased from 6,435,139 to 3089.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Huang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ya Yang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Yi Jian
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsun Yang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan.
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Cui Z, Kong X, Chen Y, Zhang C, Hua Y. Effects of rutin incorporation on the physical and oxidative stability of soy protein-stabilized emulsions. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nishiyama M, Yamamoto S, Kurosawa N. Microbial community analysis of a coastal hot spring in Kagoshima, Japan, using molecular- and culture-based approaches. J Microbiol 2013; 51:413-22. [PMID: 23990291 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-013-2419-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ibusuki hot spring is located on the coastline of Kagoshima Bay, Japan. The hot spring water is characterized by high salinity, high temperature, and neutral pH. The hot spring is covered by the sea during high tide, which leads to severe fluctuations in several environmental variables. A combination of molecular- and culture-based techniques was used to determine the bacterial and archaeal diversity of the hot spring. A total of 48 thermophilic bacterial strains were isolated from two sites (Site 1: 55.6°C; Site 2: 83.1°C) and they were categorized into six groups based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Two groups (including 32 isolates) demonstrated low sequence similarity with published species, suggesting that they might represent novel taxa. The 148 clones from the Site 1 bacterial library included 76 operational taxonomy units (OTUs; 97% threshold), while 132 clones from the Site 2 bacterial library included 31 OTUs. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were frequently detected in both clone libraries. The clones were related to thermophilic, mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria. Approximately half of the sequences in bacterial clone libraries shared <92% sequence similarity with their closest sequences in a public database, suggesting that the Ibusuki hot spring may harbor a unique and novel bacterial community. By contrast, 77 clones from the Site 2 archaeal library contained only three OTUs, most of which were affiliated with Thaumarchaeota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minako Nishiyama
- Department of Environmental Engineering for Symbiosis, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan
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Chen CY, Huang YC, Wei CM, Meng M, Liu WH, Yang CH. Properties of the newly isolated extracellular thermo-alkali-stable laccase from thermophilic actinomycetes, Thermobifida fusca and its application in dye intermediates oxidation. AMB Express 2013; 3:49. [PMID: 23985268 PMCID: PMC3846457 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-3-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Laccases are diphenol oxidases that have numerous applications to biotechnological processes. In this study, the laccase was produced from the thermophilic actinomycetes, Thermobifida fusca BCRC 19214. After 36 h of fermentation in a 5-liter fermentor, the culture broth accumulated 4.96 U/ml laccase activity. The laccase was purified 4.64-fold as measured by specific activity from crude culture filtrate by ultrafiltration concentration, Q-Sepharose FF and Sephacryl™ S-200 column chromatography. The overall yield of the purified enzyme was 7.49%. The molecular mass of purified enzyme as estimated by SDS-PAGE and by gel filtration on Sephacryl™ S-200 was found to be 73.3 kDa and 24.7 kDa, respectively, indicating that the laccase from T. fusca BCRC 19214 is a trimer. The internal amino acid sequences of the purified laccase, as determined by LC-MS/MS, had high homology with a superoxide dismutase from T. fusca YX. Approximately 95% of the original activity remained after treatment at 50°C for 3 h. and approximately 75% of the original activity remained after treatment at pH 10.0 for 24 h. This laccase could oxidize dye intermediates, especially 2,6-dimethylphenylalanine and p-aminophenol, to produce coloring. This is the first report on laccase properties from thermophilic actinomycetes. These properties suggest that this newly isolated laccase has potential for specific industrial applications.
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