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Fındık H, Aslan MG, Okutucu M, Yılmaz A, Tümkaya L, Mercantepe T, Akyıldız K, Uzun F. Protective Effect of Vaccinium myrtillus Extract on X-Ray Irradiation-Induced Retinal Toxicity via eNOS and 8-OHdG expression. Cells Tissues Organs 2023; 213:255-264. [PMID: 37517384 PMCID: PMC11152048 DOI: 10.1159/000532011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Every year, hundreds of thousands of cancer patients receive radiotherapy treatment. Oxidative stress is observed in healthy tissues due to irradiation exposure. The present study is the first to address the effects of Vaccinium myrtillus (whortleberry, WB) against the effects of X-ray irradiation on retinal tissue. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups: (1) control group: rats without any treatment, (2) X-ray irradiation group: 8 Gray (Gy) RT for 2 days, (3) 100 mg WB extract + X-ray irradiation group: 8 Gy irradiation for 2 days and followed by intraperitoneal (IP) WB extract (100 mg/kg) supplementation for 10 days, (4) 200 mg WB extract + X-ray irradiation group: 8 Gy irradiation for 2 days and followed by IP WB extract (200 mg/kg) supplementation for 10 days. Eyes were enucleated on the 10th day after RT for histopathological, immunohistochemical (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG], endothelial nitric oxide synthase [eNOS]), and biochemical analyses (glutathione peroxidase [GSH], and malondialdehyde [MDA]). The GSH levels significantly decreased and MDA levels and 8-OHdG staining increased after X-ray irradiation compared to the control group. Combined X-ray irradiation + WB treatment significantly increased GSH levels and significantly decreased MDA production and 8-OHdG staining. However, eNOS staining was not affected in any of the groups. Besides, X-ray irradiation significantly increased cell losses and edematous areas. The WB significantly reversed the cellular damage in ganglion cells, inner nuclear, and outer nuclear layers in quantitative analyses. The X-ray irradiation caused significant retinal impairment, and additional WB therapy provided protective effects against radiation-induced retinopathy. These results may suggest WB extract as an adjuvant therapy to reverse retinal impairments after X-ray irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Fındık
- Department of Ophthalmology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | | | - Murat Okutucu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yılmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tümkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Kerimali Akyıldız
- Department of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Feyzahan Uzun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Bilberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus L.). Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4570-4583. [PMID: 36286028 PMCID: PMC9601269 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties of berries have been investigated but the anti-inflammatory activity of bilberry has received little attention and a detailed review is yet to be published. Therefore, we compiled information on the phytochemicals of bilberry and preclinical and clinical studies of its anti-inflammatory properties. The review was based on studies from 2007 to date. Phytoconstituents of bilberries were phenolic acids, organic acids, anthocyanins, coumarins, flavonols, flavanols, tannins, terpenoids, and volatile chemicals. Data from cell and animal model studies show that bilberry has an anti-inflammatory effect by lowering tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β expression, inducing nitric oxide synthases and cyclooxygenases, and altering the nuclear factor kappa B and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways. Bilberry supplementation as fruits (frozen, processed, and whole), juices, and anthocyanins reduced levels of inflammatory markers in most clinical studies of metabolic disorders. Therefore, bilberry may be useful for the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Yıldırım H, Balbaba M, Erdağ M, Dal A, Canleblebici M, İlhan N, Eröksüz Y. Investigation of effect of nintedanib in experimental uveitis model. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2021; 41:55-59. [PMID: 34905992 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2021.2016804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the protective efficacy of nintedanib in experimental uveitis induced by endotoxins. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 24 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups: Group I was the healthy control with no uveitis that did not receive any treatment, Group II (sham) group did not receive treatment, and Group III (nintedanib) received oral nintedanib for 10 days. On the 10th day, endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection in Groups II and III. The clinical activity score was evaluated in all groups at the 24th hour, when uveitis formation was thought to be the most intense after LPS injection. All rats were then killed via anaesthesia. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured in their right eyes using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Further, histopathological examinations were performed on their left eyes. RESULTS For Groups I, II, and III, the IL-6 levels were 30.88 ± 1.79, 36.77 ± 1.21, and 30.93 ± 3.96 mg/pr, respectively, and TNF-α levels were 50.20 ± 3.24, 59.87 ± 2.98, and 50.23 ± 4.83 mg/pr, respectively. IL-6, TNF-α levels and clinical activity score were higher in the sham group compared to the other groups, and it decreased significantly in the treatment group (p < 0.05). Intense inflammatory cell infiltration of the ciliary body, edema and hyperaemia were evident in the sham group compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.05). These pathological findings were significantly decreased in the treatment group compared to the sham group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Nintedanib may be preferable as a new agent for treating non-infectious uveitis. However, further studies are needed to evaluate its long-term effects, effects on other antiinflammatory pathways, side-effects, and ideal dose optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Yıldırım
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Balbaba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Murat Erdağ
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey.,Department of Ophthalmology, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Ali Dal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr.Kemal Beyazıt State Hospital, Türkoğlu, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Canleblebici
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Nevin İlhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Yesari Eröksüz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Mandell KJ, Clark D, Chu DS, Foster CS, Sheppard J, Brady TC. Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Reproxalap, a Novel Reactive Aldehyde Species Inhibitor, in Patients with Noninfectious Anterior Uveitis: Model for Corticosteroid Replacement. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 36:732-739. [PMID: 32955967 PMCID: PMC7757619 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2020.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Topical corticosteroids used to treat ocular inflammation are associated with a high risk of clinically significant toxicities. Therefore, corticosteroid-sparing medications to treat ocular inflammation are needed. Noninfectious anterior uveitis (NAU) is a sight-threatening ocular inflammatory condition typically treated with topical corticosteroids. This corticosteroid-controlled comparator trial examines the safety and efficacy of reproxalap, a novel inhibitor of reactive aldehyde species (RASP), for the treatment of ocular inflammation, by using NAU as a model. Methods: Forty-five patients with mild-to-moderate acute NAU were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive reproxalap 0.5% ophthalmic solution (4 times daily for 6 weeks), prednisolone 1% ophthalmic solution (Pred Forte®, 4 times daily taper for 6 weeks), or a combination of reproxalap 0.5% ophthalmic solution (4 times daily for 6 weeks) and prednisolone 1% ophthalmic solution (twice daily taper for 6 weeks). Results: All treatments improved anterior cell count and grade, and no differences were observed in change from baseline between groups. Reproxalap monotherapy and combination therapy were statistically noninferior to prednisolone. The proportion of patients requiring rescue therapy was comparable across treatment groups. No safety issues were identified for reproxalap-treated patients, whereas treatment with prednisolone resulted in an average increase of intraocular pressure of ∼2 mm Hg. Conclusions: Reproxalap may be a safe and effective alternative to topical corticosteroids for patients with NAU and other forms of ocular inflammation. These results represent initial clinical evidence of the importance of RASP in ocular inflammation and the applicability of RASP inhibition to immune modulation in ocular disease. Clinical trial (NCT02406209).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Clark
- Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David S. Chu
- Metropolitan Eye Research and Surgery Institute, Palisades Park, New Jersey, USA
| | - C. Stephen Foster
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Todd C. Brady
- Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
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Kalt W, Cassidy A, Howard LR, Krikorian R, Stull AJ, Tremblay F, Zamora-Ros R. Recent Research on the Health Benefits of Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:224-236. [PMID: 31329250 PMCID: PMC7442370 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Awareness of the human health benefits of blueberries is underpinned by a growing body of positive scientific evidence from human observational and clinical research, plus mechanistic research using animal and in vitro models. Blueberries contain a large number of phytochemicals, including abundant anthocyanin pigments. Of their various phytochemicals, anthocyanins probably make the greatest impact on blueberry health functionality. Epidemiological studies associate regular, moderate intake of blueberries and/or anthocyanins with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, death, and type 2 diabetes, and with improved weight maintenance and neuroprotection. These findings are supported by biomarker-based evidence from human clinical studies. Among the more important healthful aspects of blueberries are their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions and their beneficial effects on vascular and glucoregulatory function. Blueberry phytochemicals may affect gastrointestinal microflora and contribute to host health. These aspects have implications in degenerative diseases and conditions as well as the aging process. More evidence, and particularly human clinical evidence, is needed to better understand the potential for anthocyanin-rich blueberries to benefit public health. However, it is widely agreed that the regular consumption of tasty, ripe blueberries can be unconditionally recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmina Kalt
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada (retired)
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Luke R Howard
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Robert Krikorian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - April J Stull
- Department of Human Ecology, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, USA
| | - Francois Tremblay
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
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QUINTERO-QUIROZ J, GALVIS-PÉREZ Y, GALEANO-VÁSQUEZ S, MARÍN-ECHEVERRI C, FRANCO-ESCOBAR C, CIRO-GÓMEZ G, NÚÑEZ-RANGEL V, ARISTIZÁBAL-RIVERA JC, BARONA-ACEVEDO J. Physico-chemical characterization and antioxidant capacity of the colombian berry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) with a high-polyphenol content: potential effects in people with metabolic syndrome. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.32817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Eren H, Aydin HR, Tumkaya L, Kazaz IO, Kalkan Y, Kazaz SN, Mercantepe T, Horsanali MO, Yilmaz A. Whortleberry protects kidney against the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: an experimental study. Ren Fail 2018; 40:466-474. [PMID: 30130136 PMCID: PMC6104611 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2018.1500292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigated the antioxidant effects of whortleberry against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Material and methods: This study included 48 female Sprague–Dawley rats weighing 263.68 ± 8.29 g. The rats were divided into the following six groups, with eight rats in each group: control, ethanol control, whortleberry control, cisplatin control, 16 mg/kg cisplatin +100 mg/kg whortleberry, and 16 mg/kg cisplatin +200 mg/kg whortleberry groups. Biochemical analysis was performed by measuring total oxidant status and total antioxidant status, histopathological analysis was performed by calculating proximal and distal tubule areas (μm2), and immunohistochemical analysis was performed by determining anti-Caspase-3 immunostaining. Differences among the groups were examined using one-way analysis of variance, and p < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Cisplatin treatment decreased the total antioxidant status and increased the total oxidant status and Caspase-3 level. Moreover, it resulted in the dilatation, vacuolization and loss of tubular epithelial cells; and glomerular degeneration and edema in the kidney tissues (p < .05). Treatment with 100 and 200 mg whortleberries increased the total antioxidant status; decreased the total oxidant status and Caspase-3 level and ameliorated distal and proximal tubule degeneration, glomerular degeneration and edema in the kidney tissues (p < .05). Conclusions: Our results indicate that the antioxidant effects of the whortleberry decrease cisplatin-associated nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Eren
- a Urology Department , Recep Tayyip Erdogan University School of Medicine , Rize , Turkey
| | - Hasan Riza Aydin
- b Urology Department, Kanuni Training and Research Hospital , Medical Science University School of Medicine , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- c Histology and Embryology Department , Recep Tayyip Erdogan University School of Medicine , Rize , Turkey
| | - Ilke Onur Kazaz
- d Urology Department, School of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Yildiray Kalkan
- c Histology and Embryology Department , Recep Tayyip Erdogan University School of Medicine , Rize , Turkey
| | - Seher Nazli Kazaz
- e Medical Oncology Department , Kanuni Training and Research Hospital , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- c Histology and Embryology Department , Recep Tayyip Erdogan University School of Medicine , Rize , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozan Horsanali
- f Urology Department , Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital , Rize , Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- g Biochemistry Department , Recep Tayyip Erdogan University School of Medicine , Rize , Turkey
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Hsiao YH, Hsieh JF. The conversion and deglycosylation of isoflavones and anthocyanins in black soymilk process. Food Chem 2018; 261:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Chen P, Cao Y, Bao B, Zhang L, Ding A. Antioxidant capacity of Typha angustifolia extracts and two active flavonoids. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1283-1288. [PMID: 28274161 PMCID: PMC7011981 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1300818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The pollen of Typha angustifolia L. (Typhaceae) has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for improving the microcirculation and promoting wound healing. Flavonoids are the main constituent in the plant, but little is known about the antioxidant activity of the principal constituent of the pollen in detail. OBJECTIVES To assess the antioxidant activities of ethanol and water extracts and two constituents of the pollen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant material (1 g) was extracted by 95% ethanol and water (10 mL × 2, 1 h each), respectively. The extracted activities (0.8-2.6 mg/mL) were measured by DPPH and the reducing activity of ferric chloride (1.7-2.6 mg/mL). Typhaneoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-neohesperidoside (I3ON) (2.8-70 μmol/L) were investigated on the relationship between NO, MDA and SOD in HUVECs treated with 100 μg/mL of LPS for 24 h. RESULTS Nine compounds were identified by UPLC-MS. Ethanol extract showed IC50 values in DPPH (39.51 ± 0.72) and Fe3+ reducing activity (82.76 ± 13.38), higher than the water extract (50.85 ± 0.74) and (106.33 ± 6.35), respectively. Typhaneoside and I3ON promoted cell proliferation at the respective concentration range of 2.8 to 70 μmol/L (p < 0.01). This two compounds decreased MDA (1.91 ± 0.10, 1.80 ± 0.34, p < 0.05) and NO levels (14.64 ± 0.08, 13.10 ± 0.88, p < 0.01), respectively, and increased SOD level (22.94 ± 2.48, 23.57 ± 2.38, p < 0.01) at the concentration of 70 μmol/L compared with LPS group. CONCLUSIONS The constituents from Typha angustifolia could be a novel therapeutic strategy for LPS-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peidong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yudan Cao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Beihua Bao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- CONTACT Li ZhangJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Anwei Ding
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Anand A, Modgil S, Sharma VL, Shri R, Kaushik S. Preserving neural retina through re-emerging herbal interventions. J Cell Biochem 2015; 115:1659-68. [PMID: 24819477 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Eye related diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, cataract, conjunctivitis are very common worldwide. With the current scenario India will be among the top five countries in the number of glaucoma cases. Limited discovery of successful drugs for the treatment of such diseases led scientists to look towards the use of conventional sources for treatment. Herbal extracts from Ayurveda have remained an important part of treatment regime in many parts of world even today. For this reason, local herbs possessing curative properties are still being used by local inhabitants due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Because retinal damage involves alterations in oxidative enzymes, blood flow changes and increase in apoptotic signals, herbal extracts are being tested for their ability to moderate antioxidant machinery and trigger neuroprotective pathways. The present review summarizes some of such herbal extracts which have been tested for their neuroprotective role in eye related diseases. The active components that exert neuroprotective effects have also been discussed along with possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Anand
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Lab, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Vendrame S, Klimis-Zacas D. Anti-inflammatory effect of anthocyanins via modulation of nuclear factor- B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:348-58. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuu066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Gong P, Chen FX, Wang L, Wang J, Jin S, Ma YM. Protective effects of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) extract against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:1015-1027. [PMID: 24751684 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative status and morphological changes of mouse liver exposed to cadmium chloride (Cd(II)) and therapeutic potential of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) extract against Cd(II)-induced hepatic injury were investigated. A variety of parameters were evaluated, including lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl (PCO) level, DNA fragment, as well as antioxidative defense system (i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH)). Elemental analysis and evaluation of morphological changes and NO levels were also performed. Exposure to Cd(II) led to increased LPO and PCO as well as DNA fragment and a reduction of SOD and CAT activities, however, the content of GSH elevated probably due to biological adaptive-response. In contrast, co-treatment of anthocyanin (Ay) inhibited the increased oxidative parameters as well as restored the activities of antioxidative defense system in a dose-dependent manner. Ay administration regained these morphological changes caused by intoxication of Cd(II) to nearly normal levels. Moreover, the accumulation of Cd(II) in liver may be one of the reasons for Cd(II) toxicity and Ay can chelate with Cd(II) to reduce Cd(II) burden. The influence of Cd(II) on the Zn and Ca levels can also be adjusted by the co-administration of Ay. Exposure to Cd(II) led to an increase of NO and Ay reduced NO contents probably by directly scavenging. Potential mechanisms for the protective effect of Ay have been proposed, including its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect along with the metal-chelating capacity. These results suggest that blueberry extract may be valuable as a therapeutic agent in combating Cd(II)-induced tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Gong
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Fu-xin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Lan Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Sai Jin
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yang-min Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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Luo H, Lv XD, Wang GE, Li YF, Kurihara H, He RR. Anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanins-rich extract from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillusL.) on croton oil-induced ear edema andPropionibacterium acnesplus LPS-induced liver damage in mice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65:594-601. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.886184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Yao SW, Wen XX, Huang RQ, He RR, Ou SY, Shen WZ, Huang CH, Peng XC. Protection of feruloylated oligosaccharides from corn bran against oxidative stress in PC 12 cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:668-674. [PMID: 24397832 DOI: 10.1021/jf404841c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Feruloylated oligosaccharides (FOs) were prepared by autoclaving corn bran in oxalic acid (0.6%) solution, and their protection effects against oxidative stress in pheochromocytoma cells (PC 12) cells were investigated. The FOs samples, which comprised a mixture of feruloylated mono- and dipentoses with 4.88% bound ferulic acid (FA), as well as xylose, arabinose, galactose, and glucose amounting to 46.43, 40.46, 3.76, and 8.68% of the total sugars, respectively, were prepared by autoclaving the pretreated corn bran in 0.6% oxalic acid and then further separated. Antioxidant activity was tested by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) methods. Oxidative stress was induced by H2O2 in PC 12 neuronal cell culture model. The results showed that FOs exhibited higher antioxidant activity than free ferulic acid, with an IC50 value of 11 versus 128 μM for DPPH and an ORAC value of 4.77 versus 2.62 μmol Trolox/μmol. Tetrazolium blue assay showed that the addition of FOs with an FA concentration >50 μM significantly increased cell viability after treatment with H2O2. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the addition of FOs at concentrations of 800, 200, and 50 μM significantly decreased the apoptosis rate at the sub-G0 phase from 37.5 to 12.7, 16.2, and 20.9% (P < 0.01), respectively. FOs also significantly decreased the malonic dialdehyde content and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, but increased superoxide dismutase activity in PC 12 cells treated with H2O2 and prevented the damage of cellular membranes by decreasing the release of LDH to the cultures. The addition of FA at 800 μM showed an effect similar to that of FOs at 200 μM. Therefore, the FOs prepared from corn bran are potential functional ingredients for protection against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-wen Yao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, ‡Scool of Medicine, and #College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
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Anthocyanins extract from bilberry enhances the therapeutic effect of pollen of Brassica napus L. on stress-provoked benign prostatic hyperplasia in restrained mice. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Abstract
The lens and retina of the human eye are exposed constantly to light and oxygen. In situ phototransduction and oxidative phosphorylation within photoreceptors produces a high level of phototoxic and oxidative related stress. Within the eye, the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin are present in high concentrations in contrast to other human tissues. We discuss the role of lutein and zeaxanthin in ameliorating light and oxygen damage, and preventing age-related cellular and tissue deterioration in the eye. Epidemiologic research shows an inverse association between levels of lutein and zeaxanthin in eye tissues and age related degenerative diseases such as macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts. We examine the role of these carotenoids as blockers of blue-light damage and quenchers of oxygen free radicals. This article provides a review of possible mechanisms of lutein action at a cellular and molecular level. Our review offers insight into current clinical trials and experimental animal studies involving lutein, and possible role of nutritional intervention in common ocular diseases that cause blindness.
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Jakesevic M, Xu J, Aaby K, Jeppsson B, Ahrné S, Molin G. Effects of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) in combination with lactic acid bacteria on intestinal oxidative stress induced by ischemia-reperfusion in mouse. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3468-3478. [PMID: 23488931 DOI: 10.1021/jf400203h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) results in oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue injuries. The present study investigates the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of a dietary supplement of bilberry, either alone or in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum RESO56, L. plantarum HEAL19, or Pediococcus acidilactici JAM046, in an I/R-induced model for oxidative stress in mice. A bilberry diet without addition of bacteria significantly decreased both lipid peroxidation (p = 0.001) and mucosal injury in the ileum. Of 14 anthocyanins identified in bilberry, anthocyanin arabinosides were the most resistant to absorption and microbial degradation in the intestines. Cyanidin-3-glucoside and delphinidin-3-glucoside seemed to be mostly absorbed in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine, while malvidin-3-galactoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, peonidin-3-galactoside, and petunidin-3-galactoside seemed to be digested by the microbiota in the cecum. Bilberry strongly influenced the composition of the cecal microbiota. In conclusion, a food supplement of bilberry protected small intestine against oxidative stress and inflammation induced by ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Jakesevic
- Food Hygiene, Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Tsoi B, He RR, Yang DH, Li YF, Li XD, Li WX, Abe K, Kurihara H. Carnosine ameliorates stress-induced glucose metabolism disorder in restrained mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2011; 117:223-9. [PMID: 22123261 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11131fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is a natural dipeptide that has shown multiple benefits in the treatment of various diseases. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of carnosine on glucose metabolism in restraint-stressed mice. Our results showed that restraint stress could significantly influence glucose metabolism, as reflected by lowered glucose tolerance, hepatic and muscle glycogen content, and increased plasma corticosterone concentration in mice. Oral administration of carnosine (150 and 300 mg/kg) not only reverted stress-induced decline in glucose tolerance and glycogen content in liver and muscle, but also reduced plasma corticosterone level. Carnosine has also significantly suppressed mRNA expression of glucose-6-phosphatase, while elevating glycogen synthase 2, glucokinase and glucose transporter 2 expressions in the liver. The obtained results demonstrated the harmful effects induced by restraint stress, while proving that carnosine could ameliorate stress-induced glucose metabolism disturbance. It is presumable that carnosine exerts its anti-stress effects by indirectly affecting the histaminergic neuron system, modulating the stress-activated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and improving glucose metabolism through regulation of the enzymes in the glucose metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bun Tsoi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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He RR, Tsoi B, Lan F, Yao N, Yao XS, Kurihara H. Antioxidant properties of lutein contribute to the protection against lipopolysaccharide-induced uveitis in mice. Chin Med 2011; 6:38. [PMID: 22040935 PMCID: PMC3217882 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-6-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lutein is an important eye-protective nutrient. This study investigates the protective effects and mechanisms of lutein on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced uveitis in mice. METHODS Lutein, suspended in drinking water at a final concentration of 12.5 and 25 mg/mL, was administered to mice at 0.1 mL/10 g body weight for five consecutive days. Control and model group received drinking water only. Uveitis was induced by injecting LPS (100 mg per mouse) into the footpad in the model and lutein groups on day 5 after the last drug administration. Eyes of the mice were collected 24 hours after the LPS injection for the detection of indicators using commercial kits and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS LPS-induced uveitis was confirmed by significant pathological damage and increased the nitric oxide level in eye tissue of BALB/C mice 24 hours after the footpad injection. The elevated nitric oxide level was significantly reduced by oral administration of lutein (125 and 500 mg/kg/d for five days) before LPS injection. Moreover, lutein decreased the malondialdehyde content, increased the oxygen radical absorbance capacity level, glutathione, the vitamin C contents and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. Lutein further increased expressions of copper-zinc SOD, manganese SOD and GPx mRNA. Conclusion The antioxidant properties of lutein contribute to the protection against LPS-induced uveitis, partially through the intervention of inflammation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong He
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bun Tsoi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fang Lan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Inorganic arsenic causes cell apoptosis in mouse cerebrum through an oxidative stress-regulated signaling pathway. Arch Toxicol 2011; 85:565-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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