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Sharma K, Choudhary S, Silakari O. Portraying molecular modulation and therapeutic aspects of psoriasis: Retrospection and current status. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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2
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Lionikaite V, Westerlund A, Conaway HH, Henning P, Lerner UH. Effects of retinoids on physiologic and inflammatory osteoclastogenesis in vitro. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:1133-1145. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0318-094rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vikte Lionikaite
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - H. Herschel Conaway
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas, USA
| | - Petra Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ulf H. Lerner
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionInstitute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
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Ali I, Lone MN, Aboul-Enein HY. Imidazoles as potential anticancer agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:1742-1773. [PMID: 30108886 PMCID: PMC6084102 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00067g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a black spot on the face of humanity in this era of science and technology. Presently, several classes of anticancer drugs are available in the market, but issues such as toxicity, low efficacy and solubility have decreased the overall therapeutic indices. Thus, the search for new promising anticancer agents continues, and the battle against cancer is far from over. Imidazole is an aromatic diazole and alkaloid with anticancer properties. There is considerable interest among scientists in developing imidazoles as safe alternatives to anticancer chemotherapy. The present article describes the structural, chemical, and biological features of imidazoles. Several classes of imidazoles as anticancer agents based on their mode of action have been critically discussed. A careful observation has been made into pharmacologically active imidazoles with better or equal therapeutic effects compared to well-known imidazole-based anticancer drugs, which are available on the market. A brief discussion of the toxicities of imidazoles has been made. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of imidazole based anticancer drug development are conferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi-110025 , India . ;
| | - Mohammad Nadeem Lone
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi-110025 , India . ;
| | - Haasan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department , Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division , National Research Centre , Dokki , Giza 12622 , Egypt
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Fluorescence assay of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase that may become a cancer biomarker. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40670. [PMID: 28084471 PMCID: PMC5233952 DOI: 10.1038/srep40670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed an assay method for measuring dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) activity in cultured HeLa cells and fibroblasts, and in stage III stomach cancer and adjacent normal tissues from the same patient. The assay comprised enzymatic reaction of DHODH with a large amount of dihydroorotic acid substrate, followed by fluorescence (FL) detection specific for orotic acid using the 4-trifluoromethyl-benzamidoxime fluorogenic reagent. The DHODH activities in the biologically complex samples were readily measured by the assay method. Our data indicate significantly higher DHODH activity in HeLa cells (340 ± 25.9 pmol/105 cells/h) than in normal fibroblasts (54.1 ± 7.40 pmol/105 cells/h), and in malignant tumour tissue (1.10 ± 0.19 nmol/mg total proteins/h) than in adjacent normal tissue (0.24 ± 0.11 nmol/mg total proteins/h). This is the first report that DHODH activity may be a diagnostic biomarker for cancer.
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5
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Sun B, Liu K, Han J, Zhao LY, Su X, Lin B, Zhao DM, Cheng MS. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of amide imidazole derivatives as novel metabolic enzyme CYP26A1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6763-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Sun B, Song S, Hao CZ, Huang WX, Liu CC, Xie HL, Lin B, Cheng MS, Zhao DM. Molecular recognition of CYP26A1 binding pockets and structure–activity relationship studies for design of potent and selective retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents. J Mol Graph Model 2015; 56:10-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Zhao D, Sun B, Ren J, Li F, Song S, Lv X, Hao C, Cheng M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-phenyl-3-aryl carboxamido propanoic acid derivatives as small molecule inhibitors of retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase (CYP26A1). Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:1356-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Li F, Zhao D, Ren J, Hao F, Liu G, Jin S, Jing Y, Cheng M. 2-(2-Methylfuran-3-carboxamido)-3-phenylpropanoic acid, a potential CYP26A1 inhibitor to enhance all-trans retinoic acid-induced leukemia cell differentiation based on virtual screening and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3256-61. [PMID: 23601821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To develop new CYP26A1 inhibitors, a three-cycle virtual screening was carried out based on the constructed homology model of human CYP26A1 using Dock, Fred, Gold and AutoDock. Twenty-two compounds exhibited high scores and reasonable binding modes in molecular docking were purchased from Specs Company. Eighteen compounds were tested their abilities to enhance ATRA-induced differentiation in human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells. Eight of them enhanced the ability of ATRA to induce differentiation at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 μM. Among these compounds, 2-(2-methylfuran-3-carboxamido)-3-phenylpropanoic acid (S8) is of most effective in blocking ATRA breaking down in NB4 cells based on the LC-MS/MS assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengrong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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9
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Munier-Lehmann H, Vidalain PO, Tangy F, Janin YL. On dihydroorotate dehydrogenases and their inhibitors and uses. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3148-67. [PMID: 23452331 DOI: 10.1021/jm301848w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Proper nucleosides availability is crucial for the proliferation of living entities (eukaryotic cells, parasites, bacteria, and virus). Accordingly, the uses of inhibitors of the de novo nucleosides biosynthetic pathways have been investigated in the past. In the following we have focused on dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), the fourth enzyme in the de novo pyrimidine nucleosides biosynthetic pathway. We first described the different types of enzyme in terms of sequence, structure, and biochemistry, including the reported bioassays. In a second part, the series of inhibitors of this enzyme along with a description of their potential or actual uses were reviewed. These inhibitors are indeed used in medicine to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or multiple sclerosis (leflunomide and teriflunomide) and have been investigated in treatments of cancer, virus, and parasite infections (i.e., malaria) as well as in crop science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Munier-Lehmann
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Chimie et Biocatalyse, Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, 28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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10
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Najafizadeh P, Hashemian F, Mansouri P, Farshi S, Surmaghi MS, Chalangari R. The evaluation of the clinical effect of topical St Johns wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) in plaque type psoriasis vulgaris: A pilot study. Australas J Dermatol 2012; 53:131-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2012.00877.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Purushottamachar P, Patel JB, Gediya LK, Clement OO, Njar VCO. First chemical feature-based pharmacophore modeling of potent retinoidal retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents (RAMBAs): identification of novel RAMBA scaffolds. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 47:412-23. [PMID: 22130607 PMCID: PMC3259215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The first three-dimensional (3D) pharmacophore model was developed for potent retinoidal retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents (RAMBAs) with IC(50) values ranging from 0.0009 to 5.84nM. The seven common chemical features in these RAMBAs as deduced by the Catalyst/HipHop program include five hydrophobic groups (hydrophobes), and two hydrogen bond acceptors. Using the pharmacophore model as a 3D search query against NCI and Maybridge conformational Catalyst formatted databases; we retrieved several compounds with different structures (scaffolds) as hits. Twenty-one retrieved hits were tested for RAMBA activity at 100nM concentration. The most potent of these compounds, NCI10308597 and HTS01914 showed inhibitory potencies less (54.7% and 53.2%, respectively, at 100nM) than those of our best previously reported RAMBAs VN/12-1 and VN/14-1 (90% and 86%, respectively, at 100nM). Docking studies using a CYP26A1 homology model revealed that our most potent RAMBAs showed similar binding to the one observed for a series of RAMBAs reported previously by others. Our data shows the potential of our pharmacophore model in identifying structurally diverse and potent RAMBAs. Further refinement of the model and searches of other robust databases is currently in progress with a view to identifying and optimizing new leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puranik Purushottamachar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, 130 South 9 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jyoti B. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Lalji K Gediya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, 130 South 9 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | | | - Vincent C. O. Njar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, 130 South 9 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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12
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Sagitullina GP, Vorontsova MA, Garkushenko AK, Poendaev NV, Sagitullin RS. Nitropyridines: X. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of 2-bromo-5-nitropyridine with terminal acetylenes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428010120109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Baert B, De Spiegeleer B. Local Skin Pharmacokinetics of Talarozole, a New Retinoic Acid Metabolism-Blocking Agent. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2011; 24:151-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000323012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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14
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Pillai S, Oresajo C, Hayward J. Ultraviolet radiation and skin aging: roles of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and protease activation, and strategies for prevention of inflammation-induced matrix degradation - a review. Int J Cosmet Sci 2010; 27:17-34. [PMID: 18492178 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 443] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and the resulting accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the intrinsic and photoaging of human skin in vivo. Environmental insults such as ultraviolet (UV) rays from sun, cigarette smoke exposure and pollutants, and the natural process of aging contribute to the generation of free radicals and ROS that stimulate the inflammatory process in the skin. UV irradiation initiates and activates a complex cascade of biochemical reactions in human skin. In short, UV causes depletion of cellular antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase), initiates DNA damage leading to the formation of thymidine dimmers, activates the neuroendocrine system leading to immunosuppression and release of neuroendocrine mediators, and causes increased synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory mediators from a variety of skin cells. The pro-inflammatory mediators increase the permeability of capillaries leading to infiltration and activation of neutrophils and other phagocytic cells into the skin. The net result of all these effects is inflammation and free radical generation (both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species). Furthermore, elastsases and other proteases (cathepsin G) released from neutrophils cause further inflammation, and activation of matrix metalloproteases. The inflammation further activates the transcription of various matrixes degrading metalloproteases, leading to abnormal matrix degradation and accumulation of non-functional matrix components. In addition, the inflammation and ROS cause oxidative damage to cellular proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, which accumulates in the dermal and epidermal compartments, contributing to the aetiology of photoaging. Strategies to prevent photodamage caused by this cascade of reactions initiated by UV include: prevention of UV penetration into skin by physical and chemical sunscreens, prevention/reduction of inflammation using anti-inflammatory compounds (e.g. cyclooxygenase inhibitors, inhibitors of cytokine generation); scavenging and quenching of ROS by antioxidants; inhibition of neutrophil elastase activity to prevent extracellular matrix damage and activation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), and inhibition of MMP expression (e.g. by retinoids) and activity (e.g. by natural and synthetic inhibitors).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pillai
- Engelhard Corporation, Long Island, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Das BC, Kabalka GW. Design and synthesis of (E)-4-((3-ethyl-2,4,4-trimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene)methyl)benzoic acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.05.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Sánchez-Abella L, Fernández S, Verstuyf A, Verlinden L, Ferrero M, Gotor V. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 6-s-cis locked 1,2,25-trihydroxyprevitamin D3 analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4193-202. [PMID: 17412598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 03/15/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of several diastereomers of 2-hydroxy substituted 1alpha,25-dihydroxyprevitamin D3 derivatives was accomplished utilizing a practical route to the A-ring synthon. The biological activity of the analogues was evaluated in vitro. All the synthesized derivatives demonstrated low affinity for the vitamin D receptor and vitamin D-binding protein compared with 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the natural hormone. 1alpha,2beta,25-trihydroxy-19-nor-pre-D3 was the most potent of the analogues in inhibiting proliferation of MCF-7 cells but requires higher EC50 concentrations than 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sánchez-Abella
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo (Asturias), Spain
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17
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Oves D, Fernández S, Verlinden L, Bouillon R, Verstuyf A, Ferrero M, Gotor V. Novel A-ring homodimeric C-3-carbamate analogues of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:7512-9. [PMID: 16879968 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2006] [Revised: 06/30/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new class of vitamin D3 analogues in which two units of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 are linked at the C-3 position by a dicarbamate functionality of variable length is described. The analogues demonstrated no affinity for the vitamin D receptor and possessed no antiproliferative or transactivating properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oves
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006-Oviedo (Asturias), Spain
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18
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Njar VCO, Gediya L, Purushottamachar P, Chopra P, Vasaitis TS, Khandelwal A, Mehta J, Huynh C, Belosay A, Patel J. Retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents (RAMBAs) for treatment of cancer and dermatological diseases. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:4323-40. [PMID: 16530416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2006] [Revised: 02/21/2006] [Accepted: 02/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The naturally occurring retinoids and their synthetic analogs play a key role in differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, and their use/potential in oncology, dermatology and a variety of diseases are well documented. This review focuses on the role of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), the principal endogenous metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) and its metabolism in oncology and dermatology. ATRA has been used successfully in differentiated therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia, skin cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and also in the treatment of acne and psoriasis. However, its usefulness is limited by the rapid emergence of acquired ATRA resistance involving multifactoral mechanisms. A key mechanism of resistance involves ATRA-induced catabolism of ATRA. Thus, a novel strategy to overcome the limitation associated with exogenous ATRA therapy has been to modulate and/or increase the levels of endogenous ATRA by inhibiting the cytochrome P450-dependent ATRA-4-hydroxylase enzymes (particularly CYP26s) responsible for ATRA metabolism. These inhibitors are also referred to as retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents (RAMBAs). This review highlights development in the design, synthesis, and evaluation of RAMBAs. Major emphasis is given to liarozole, the most studied and only RAMBA in clinical use and also the new RAMBAs in development and with clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C O Njar
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21201-1559, USA.
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20
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Gu K, Bi L, Zhao M, Wang C, Dolan C, Kao MC, Tok JBH, Peng S. Stereoselective synthesis and anti-inflammatory activities of 6- and 7-membered dioxacycloalkanes. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:1339-47. [PMID: 16263290 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2005] [Revised: 09/26/2005] [Accepted: 09/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A class of 5-trifluoroacetylamino-1,3-dioxacycloalkanes, 5-benzoylamino-1,3-dioxacycloalkanes, and 5-amino-1,3-dioxacycloalkane compounds were stereoselectively synthesized as potential anti-inflammatory drug candidates. The anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds were tested using the xylene-induced mouse ear edema model, from which multiple compounds possessing anti-inflammatory properties which surpass aspirin were identified; these compounds were then compared to establish structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keli Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Bi L, Zhang Y, Zhao M, Wang C, Chan P, Tok JBH, Peng S. Novel synthesis and anti-inflammatory activities of 2,5-disubstituted-dioxacycloalkanes. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:5640-6. [PMID: 15996872 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2005] [Revised: 05/11/2005] [Accepted: 05/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel stereospecific synthetic route to obtain a series of 2,5-disubstituted-dioxacycloalkanes is reported. Using an in vivo inhibition assay by monitoring xylene-induced ear edema in mice, the structure-activity relationship of the dioxacycloalkane compounds was studied, and compounds possessing high anti-inflammatory activity were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanrong Bi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100054, PR China
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22
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Patel JB, Huynh CK, Handratta VD, Gediya LK, Brodie AMH, Goloubeva OG, Clement OO, Nanne IP, Soprano DR, Njar VCO. Novel retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents endowed with multiple biological activities are efficient growth inhibitors of human breast and prostate cancer cells in vitro and a human breast tumor xenograft in nude mice. J Med Chem 2005; 47:6716-29. [PMID: 15615521 DOI: 10.1021/jm0401457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Novel retinoic acid metabolism blocking agents (RAMBAs) have been synthesized and characterized. The synthetic features include introduction of nucleophilic ligands at C-4 of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and 13-cis-retinoic acid, and modification of terminal carboxylic acid group. Most of our compounds are powerful inhibitors of hamster liver microsomal ATRA metabolism enzyme(s). The most potent compound is methyl (2E,4E,6E,8E)-9-(3-imidazolyl-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)-3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoate (5) with an IC(50) value of 0.009 nM, which is 666,667 times more potent than the well-known RAMBA, liarozole (Liazal, IC(50) = 6000 nM). Quite unexpectedly, there was essentially no difference between the enzyme inhibitory activities of the two enantiomers of compound 5. In MCF-7 cell proliferation assays, the RAMBAs also enhance the ATRA-mediated antiproliferative activity in a concentration dependent manner. The novel atypical RAMBAs, in addition to being highly potent inhibitors of ATRA metabolism in microsomal preparations and in intact human cancer cells (MCF-7, T47D, and LNCaP), also exhibit multiple biological activities, including induction of apoptosis and differentiation, retinoic acid receptor binding, and potent antiproliferative activity on a number of human cancer cells. Following subcutaneous administration to mice bearing human breast MCF-7 tumor xenografts, 6 (VN/14-1, the free carboxylic acid of 5) was well-tolerated and caused significant tumor growth suppression ( approximately 85.2% vs control, p = 0.022). Our RAMBAs represent novel anticancer agents with unique multiple mechanisms of action. The most potent compounds are strong candidates for development as therapeutic agents for the treatment of a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti B Patel
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201-1559, USA
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23
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Ben-Shabat S, Benisty R, Wormser U, Sintov AC. Vitamin D3?Based Conjugates for Topical Treatment of Psoriasis: Synthesis, Antiproliferative Activity, and Cutaneous Penetration Studies. Pharm Res 2005; 22:50-7. [PMID: 15771229 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-004-9008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goals of the experiments reported in this paper were to explore skin bioavailability and cell growth inhibitory activity of new vitamin D3-based conjugates studied as a potential drug complex for psoriasis. METHODS Conjugation was made between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as linolenic acid or gamma-linolenic acid, and calcipotriol--a vitamin D3 analogue clinically used for topical treatment of psoriasis. These complexes were prepared by coupling the corresponding fatty acid with calcipotriol in the presence of dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide (DCC) and 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (DMAP) to obtain an ester bond. RESULTS The conjugates were capable of enhancing the penetration of the vitamin into the skin as well as inhibiting proliferation of keratinocytes in cultures. The antiproliferative activity even increased after simulating the full hydrolysis of the conjugates. In vitro skin penetration studies revealed that the conjugates penetrated into the skin at higher levels relative to calcipotriol alone. It was also demonstrated that the conjugate containing n-3 fatty acid penetrated into the skin at higher levels as compared to the conjugate containing n-6 PUFA. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis has shown that after penetration, a major portion of calcipotriol-PUFA conjugate was first converted mainly into another isomer form, presumably by transesterification, and only then it was hydrolyzed to form apparently high local concentrations of both calcipotriol and PUFA. CONCLUSIONS The unique biotransformation that occurred after penetration into the skin indicates that these conjugates are mutual prodrugs that are able to be bioprocessed in the skin and fully converted to the parent therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Ben-Shabat
- The Institutes for Applied Research and the School of Pharmacy, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
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Moriyama H, Tsukida T, Inoue Y, Yokota K, Yoshino K, Kondo H, Miura N, Nishimura SI. Azasugar-Based MMP/ADAM Inhibitors as Antipsoriatic Agents. J Med Chem 2004; 47:1930-8. [PMID: 15055993 DOI: 10.1021/jm0304313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a part of synthetic studies on MMP (matrix metalloproteinase)/ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) inhibitors, we have preliminarily communicated that azasugar-based compound 1a exhibited a potential inhibitory activity on some metalloprotease-catalyzed proteolytic reactions. To find promising candidates for the topical treatment of psoriasis, we investigated stability in aqueous solution of compound 1a and its derivative 1b and then optimized the P1' substuent (2-5). In the present study, we synthesized novel derivatives of compound 1a and evaluated their inhibitory activity toward MMP-1, -3, and -9, TACE, and HB-EGF shedding, from a viewpoint of versatility of azasugars as a functional scaffold. As a result, it was found that compound 1b demonstrated desirable inhibitory activity as an antipsoriatic agent, and some of the derivatives showed selective inhibitory activity. In addition, it was found that compound 1b exhibited a significant therapeutic effect on a mouse TPA-induced epidermal hyperplasia model. Therefore, compound 1b could become a promising candidate as a practical antipsoriatic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Moriyama
- Japan Bioindustry Association, Hokkaido Collaboration Center N-21, W-12, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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The Literature of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Part VIII, 1999–2001. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(04)87001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Oves D, Ferrero M, Fernández S, Gotor V. Efficient synthesis of novel 1alpha-amino and 3beta-amino analogues of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3). J Org Chem 2003; 68:1154-7. [PMID: 12558450 DOI: 10.1021/jo026474t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Convenient synthetic routes to 1alpha-amino-25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (3) and 3beta-amino-3-deoxy-1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (4), novel analogues of vitamin D(3) bearing an amino group at the C-1 or C-3 position, have been developed starting from (S)-(+)-carvone. Construction of the A-ring fragments was accomplished by selective enzymatic hydrolysis of a diester intermediate and introduction of the amino group under Mitsunobu conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oves
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071-Oviedo, Spain
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Sawa M, Tsukamoto T, Kiyoi T, Kurokawa K, Nakajima F, Nakada Y, Yokota K, Inoue Y, Kondo H, Yoshino K. New strategy for antedrug application: development of metalloproteinase inhibitors as antipsoriatic drugs. J Med Chem 2002; 45:930-6. [PMID: 11831905 DOI: 10.1021/jm010349c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phosphonamide-based inhibitors were synthesized and evaluated for the inhibitory activities against the shedding of epidermal growth factors, amphiregulin and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, that would participate in the development of psoriasis. All compounds exhibited excellent inhibitory activities for these EGF sheddings; however, they also inhibited matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). To avoid adverse effects reported by the clinical development of MMP inhibitors, the antedrug concept was introduced. Among the phosphonamide inhibitors, the 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ester 8d and 2,2-difluoroethyl ester 8c showed rapid decomposition in human plasma, which is an essential property for the antedrug. Topical applications of these compounds significantly suppressed TPA-induced epidermal hyperplasia in murin skin, a model of psoriasis. These results suggested that the phosphonamide-based inhibitors have a therapeutic potential for the treatment of psoriasis as an antedrug application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Sawa
- Department of Chemistry, R&D Laboratories, Nippon Organon K.K., 1-5-90, Tomobuchi-cho, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka 534-0016, Japan.
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