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Šadibolová M, Juvonen RO, Auriola S, Boušová I. In vitro metabolism of helenalin and its inhibitory effect on human cytochrome P450 activity. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:793-808. [PMID: 34989853 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactone helenalin is used as an antiphlogistic in European and Chinese folk medicine. The pharmacological activities of helenalin have been extensively investigated, yet insufficient information exists about its metabolic properties. The objectives of the present study were (1) to investigate the in vitro NADPH-dependent metabolism of helenalin (5 and 100 µM) using human and rat liver microsomes and liver cytosol, (2) to elucidate the role of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in its oxidative metabolism, and (3) to study the inhibition of human CYPs by helenalin. Five oxidative metabolites were detected in NADPH-dependent human and rat liver microsomal incubations, while two reduced metabolites were detected only in NADPH-dependent human microsomal and cytosolic incubations. In human liver microsomes, the main oxidative metabolite was 14-hydroxyhelenalin, and in rat liver microsomes 9-hydroxyhelenalin. The overall oxidation of helenalin was several times more efficient in rat than in human liver microsomes. In humans, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 followed by CYP2B6 were the main enzymes responsible for the hepatic metabolism of helenalin. The extrahepatic CYP2A13 oxidized helenalin most efficiently among CYP enzymes, possessing the Km value of 0.6 µM. Helenalin inhibited CYP3A4 (IC50 = 18.7 µM) and CYP3A5 (IC50 = 62.6 µM), and acted as a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP2A13 (IC50 = 1.1 µM, KI = 6.7 µM, and kinact = 0.58 ln(%)/min). It may be concluded that the metabolism of helenalin differs between rats and humans, in the latter its oxidation is catalyzed by hepatic CYP2B6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7, and extrahepatic CYP2A13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Šadibolová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Risto O Juvonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iva Boušová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
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2
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In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Leaf Extracts and a Major Compound Isolated from Ranunculus multifidus Forsk. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206179. [PMID: 34684762 PMCID: PMC8537993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Ranunculus multifidus Forsk. are traditionally used for the treatment of malaria in several African countries. In the present study, 80% methanol (RM-M) and hydrodistilled (RM-H) extracts of fresh leaves from R. multifidus and its major constituent anemonin were tested for their in vivo antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei in mice. Anemonin was also tested for its in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis and M. abscessus in a microbroth dilution assay, and bacterial growth was analyzed by OD measurement. The isolation of anemonin from RM-H was carried out using preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC). The chemical structures of anemonin and its hydrolysis product were elucidated using spectroscopic methods (HR–MS; 1D and 2D-NMR). Results of the study revealed that both RM-M and RM-H were active against P. berghei in mice, although the latter demonstrated superior activity (p < 0.001), as compared to the former. At a dose of 35.00 mg/kg/day, RM-H demonstrated a chemosuppression value of 70% in a 4-day suppressive test. In a 4-day suppressive, Rane’s and prophylactic antimalarial tests, anemonin showed median effective doses (ED50s) of 2.17, 2.78 and 2.70 μM, respectively. However, anemonin did not inhibit the growth of M. smegmatis and M. abscessus.
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Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of halogenated furanones. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-020-02708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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4
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Zeng Q, Zeng Y, Nie X, Guo Y, Zhan Y. Britanin Exhibits Potential Inhibitory Activity on Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Through PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Signaling Pathways. PLANTA MEDICA 2020; 86:1401-1410. [PMID: 32781474 DOI: 10.1055/a-1211-4656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Britanin, a natural pseudoguaiacane sesquiterpene lactone, has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, but little is known about its tumor inhibitory activity and the underlying mechanism. Here, we demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that britanin inhibited the growth of human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, PC-3-LUC, and DU-145). Through in vitro study, the results showed that britanin significantly decreased cell proliferation, migration, and motility. The moderate toxicity of britanin was determined with an acute toxicity study. A luciferase-labeled animal tumor xenograft model and bioluminescence imaging were applied, combining with biological validation for assessing the tumor progression. In vivo results demonstrated that britanin inhibited the growth of PC-3-LUC. The interleukin-2 level in mice was upregulated by britanin, which indicated that britanin induced antitumor immune activation. In addition, britanin downregulated the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p105/p50, pp65, IκBα, pIκBα, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, pPI3k, Akt (protein kinase B, PKB), and pAkt proteins and upregulated expression of Bax. We discovered that britanin inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo by regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB-related proteins and activating immunity. These findings shed light on the development of britanin as a promising agent for prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xu Nie
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yonghua Zhan
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
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Jiang Q, Zhu Z, Shou P, Teng F, Zhu Y, Zhao H, Yang B. Targeting pharmacophore with probe-reactivity-guided fractionation to precisely identify electrophilic sesquiterpenes and its activity of anti-TNBC. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2020; 31:322-332. [PMID: 31849131 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Innovative strategy is urgently needed to precisely discover novel natural products as lead compounds for development of new drugs against orphan diseases such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Herein, we describe a targeting pharmacophore with probe-reactivity-guided strategy for the discovery of electrophilic sesquiterpene (ES), a class of bioactive natural product. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify pharmacophore, based on pharmacophore with probe-reactivity-guided strategy for precisely discovering ESs from ethyl acetate extract of Eupatorium chinense L. (EEEChL) METHODOLOGY: MTT assay combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis was used to identify pharmacophore. UPLC-mass spectrometry (MS) was applied to carefully compare the intrinsic reactivity characteristics of two chemoselective nucleophilic probes: glutathione (GSH) and 4-bromothiophenol (BTP) reaction with ESs. ESs was isolated and identified from EEEChL by phytochemical methods. Furthermore, stoichiometric ratio and binding site of one typical ES 8β-[4'-hydroxytigloyloxy]-5-desoxy-8-desacyleuparotin (HDDE) reaction with BTP were studied by UPLC-quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF)-MS and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). RESULTS Eleven ESs were identified from EEEChL, MTT assay illustrated that all of the 11 ESs possess fairly good anti-TNBC activity CONCLUSIONS: Electrophilic groups were confirmed as pharmacophore of bioactive compounds contained in EEEChL. An optimised halogenated aromatic probe BTP furnishes ES-BTP conjugates that are highly conspicuous via MS by virtue of a unique isotopic bromine signature, conjugates also have a considerable separation on C18 column. The new probe-reactivity-guided strategy can effectively improve the traditional bioassay-guided approaches, and significantly increase the probability of obtaining designated bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingLi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, P. R. China
| | - ZhiHui Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, P. R. China
| | - PanTing Shou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, P. R. China
| | - Fei Teng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, P. R. China
| | - HuaJun Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, P. R. China
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Li K, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Zhou L, Liang J. A novel natural product, britanin, inhibits tumor growth of pancreatic cancer by suppressing nuclear factor-κB activation. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 85:699-709. [PMID: 32185482 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04052-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. The development of novel medicines for pancreatic cancer therapy is urgently need. Britanin is a bioactive sesquiterpene lactone, that exhibits excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the potential anti-tumour activity of britanin is also considerable. Hence, in this study, the in vitro and in vivo anti-pancreatic cancer effects of britanin were investigated. Several pancreatic cancer cell lines were applied to evaluate inhibition of proliferation, migration and NF-κB pathway in vitro. Then in vivo toxicity of britanin was evaluated in BALB/c mice. The in vivo inhibitory effects of britanin were investigated by bioluminescence imaging, traditional methods and histological analysis in a pancreatic cancer xenograft mouse model. The results showed that britanin exhibited effective anti-tumour actions both in vitro and in vivo. The IC50 values in PANC-1, BxPC-3 and MIA CaPa-2 cell lines were 1.348, 3.367 and 3.104 μmol/L, respectively, and cell proliferation and migration were significantly inhibited by britanin treatment. Western blotting demonstrated that NF-κB family proteins, such as P50, P65, and P-P65 were affected by britanin treatment. It is worth noting that the P-P65 protein, which regulates the expression of multiple factors downstream, was significantly decreased in britanin treated group. In vivo experiments verified that britanin could suppress the tumour progression in a pancreatic cancer xenograft mouse model, while the compound did not exhibit intolerable toxicity. In conclusion, britanin has remarkable potential treatment effects against pancreatic cancer, and it could be developed as a new agent for pancreatic cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yun Zhou
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liansuo Zhou
- College of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jimin Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
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Liu J, Zhou Z, Liu J, Yan J, Fan L, Tang X, Liu J, Chen F, Yang D. Synthesis and Investigation on the Antidiabetic Effect of 3-aryl-1-(5-methylisoxazol-3-ylamino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl) Propan-1-one. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180608101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Diabetes mellitus is the third-largest non-communicable chronic disease
worldwide. There are many effective drugs, but the long-term use of these clinical drugs may cause
various side effects. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new antidiabetic molecules with higher efficacy
and lower toxicity.
Methods:
Fifteen new 3-aryl-1-(5-methylisoxazol-3-ylamino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-1-one were
synthesized directly through the Mannich reaction of 4-nitroacetophenone, 3-amino-5-
methylisoxazole and aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by concentrated hydrochloric acid. The molecular
structures of the products were fully characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI MS and HRMS.
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) response element and α-glucosidase inhibitory
activity of these compounds were evaluated in vitro. Molecular docking, molecular physical
parameters calculation, and molecular toxicity prediction were performed to analyze the structure-
activity relationship and evaluate the druggability of these compounds theoretically.
Results:
All compounds exhibited weak antidiabetic activities, but compound 15 showed promising
as a high performance, dual-target antidiabetic lead compound with peroxisome proliferatoractivated
receptor (PPAR) response element relative agonist activity of 99.55% at 27.2 nmol·mL−1
and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 35.21% at 13.6 nmol·mL−1. All compounds obtained may
have no cardiotoxicity, no acute toxicity, no carcinogenic, and within safe range of mutagenic risk.
Conclusion:
This study identified a potential PPAR lead molecule and presented an unusual strategy
for antidiabetic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zuwen Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jufang Yan
- Drug Screening Center, Chengdu DiAo Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dacheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Zaki M, Oukhrib A, El Hakmaoui A, Hiebel MA, Berteina-Raboin S, Akssira M. Synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole-substituted tomentosins. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2018-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A series of 1,2,3-triazole-containing tomentosin scaffolds was obtained from tomentosin 1. The synthesis involved a Michael addition of trimethylsilylazide on the α-methylene-γ-lactone function of the natural sesquiterpene lactone 1 to give the diastereoisomers 2 and 3, which were readily separated by column chromatography. These compounds underwent copper-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with various terminal alkynes to provide compounds 4a–h and 5a–h in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zaki
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Chimie Bioorganique, URA C 22, Pole RePAM , F. S. T. Université Hassan II-de Casablanca , B. P. 146 Yasmina, 28800 Mohammedia , Morocco , e-mail:
| | - Abdelouahd Oukhrib
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biomoléculaire, Substances Naturelles et Réactivité (URAC 16), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia , Université Cadi Ayyad , B. P. 2390, Marrakech , Morroco
| | - Ahmed El Hakmaoui
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Chimie Bioorganique, URA C 22, Pole RePAM , F. S. T. Université Hassan II-de Casablanca , B. P. 146 Yasmina, 28800 Mohammedia , Morocco
| | - Marie-Aude Hiebel
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique , Université d’Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311 , B. P. 6759, 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 , France
| | - Sabine Berteina-Raboin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique , Université d’Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311 , B. P. 6759, 45067 Orleans Cedex 2 , France
| | - Mohamed Akssira
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Chimie Bioorganique, URA C 22, Pole RePAM , F. S. T. Université Hassan II-de Casablanca , B. P. 146 Yasmina, 28800 Mohammedia , Morocco
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Chang YT, Wang CCN, Wang JY, Lee TE, Cheng YY, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Hung CC. Tenulin and isotenulin inhibit P-glycoprotein function and overcome multidrug resistance in cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:252-262. [PMID: 30668405 PMCID: PMC6421864 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer is one of the main obstacles in treatment with chemotherapy. Drug efflux through P-glycoprotein is the major mechanism involved in MDR. A potential strategy to provide the best possible clinical outcomes is to develop P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors from natural products. PURPOSE The present study investigated the effects of the natural sesquiterpene lactone tenulin and its derivative isotenulin on human P-gp; the mechanisms of kinetic interactions were also explored. METHODS The human P-gp (ABCB1/Flp-In™-293) stable expression cells were established by using the Flp-In™ system. The effects of tenulin and isotenulin on cell viability were evaluated by SRB assays in established cell lines, sensitive cancer cell line (HeLaS3), and resistant cancer cell line (KB-vin). The transporter inhibition ability was evaluated by calcein-AM uptake assays. The P-gp inhibition kinetics of tenulin and isotenulin were evaluated by rhodamine123 and doxorubicin efflux assays. The ATPase activity was evaluated with the Pgp-Glo™ Assay System. RESULTS Tenulin and isotenulin significantly inhibited the P-gp efflux function by stimulating P-gp ATPase activity. Tenulin and isotenulin interacted with the effluxes of rhodamine 123 and doxorubicin through a competitive and noncompetitive mechanism, respectively. The combinations of tenulin and isotenulin with chemotherapeutic drugs significantly resensitized MDR cancer cells. CONCLUSION These results suggested that tenulin and isotenulin are potential candidates to be developed for synergistic treatment of MDR cancers.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Lactones/pharmacology
- Rhodamine 123/pharmacology
- Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Tzu Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Charles C N Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiun-Yi Wang
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsui-Er Lee
- Office of Physical Education, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Yi Cheng
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, 2 Yude Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Chuan Hung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yude Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan, ROC.
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Xi XN, Liu N, Wang QQ, Wu HT, He HB, Wang LL, Zhang TJ, Sun L, Yin Z, Chen Y, Lu YX. Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of ACT001 in Sprague-Dawley rats and metabolism of ACT001. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1104:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Tian EL, Gu BB, Han Y, Qu XD, Lin HW, Deng ZX, Hong K. Hainanmycin A, a cyclo-heptadeca macrolide bearing a cyclopentenone moiety from the mangrove-derived Streptomyces sp. 219807. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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12
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Bosco A, Golsteyn RM. Emerging Anti-Mitotic Activities and Other Bioactivities of Sesquiterpene Compounds upon Human Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030459. [PMID: 28335397 PMCID: PMC6155193 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the bio-activities of natural product sesquiterpenes and present the first description of their effects upon mitosis. This type of biological effect upon cells is unexpected because sesquiterpenes are believed to inactivate proteins through Michael-type additions that cause non-specific cytotoxicity. Yet, certain types of sesquiterpenes can arrest cells in mitosis as measured by cell biology, biochemical and imaging techniques. We have listed the sesquiterpenes that arrest cells in mitosis and analyzed the biological data that support those observations. In view of the biochemical complexity of mitosis, we propose that a subset of sesquiterpenes have a unique chemical structure that can target a precise protein(s) required for mitosis. Since the process of mitotic arrest precedes that of cell death, it is possible that some sesquiterpenes that are currently classified as cytotoxic might also induce a mitotic arrest. Our analysis provides a new perspective of sesquiterpene chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bosco
- Natural Product and Cancer Cell Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, 4401 University Dr, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - Roy M Golsteyn
- Natural Product and Cancer Cell Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, 4401 University Dr, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
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13
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Jackson PA, Widen JC, Harki DA, Brummond KM. Covalent Modifiers: A Chemical Perspective on the Reactivity of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls with Thiols via Hetero-Michael Addition Reactions. J Med Chem 2017; 60:839-885. [PMID: 27996267 PMCID: PMC5308545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although Michael acceptors display a potent and broad spectrum of bioactivity, they have largely been ignored in drug discovery because of their presumed indiscriminate reactivity. As such, a dearth of information exists relevant to the thiol reactivity of natural products and their analogues possessing this moiety. In the midst of recently approved acrylamide-containing drugs, it is clear that a good understanding of the hetero-Michael addition reaction and the relative reactivities of biological thiols with Michael acceptors under physiological conditions is needed for the design and use of these compounds as biological tools and potential therapeutics. This Perspective provides information that will contribute to this understanding, such as kinetics of thiol addition reactions, bioactivities, as well as steric and electronic factors that influence the electrophilicity and reversibility of Michael acceptors. This Perspective is focused on α,β-unsaturated carbonyls given their preponderance in bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - John C. Widen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Daniel A. Harki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kay M. Brummond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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14
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Widen JC, Kempema AM, Villalta PW, Harki DA. Targeting NF-κB p65 with a Helenalin Inspired Bis-electrophile. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:102-113. [PMID: 28103680 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The canonical NF-κB signaling pathway is a mediator of the cellular inflammatory response and a target for developing therapeutics for multiple human diseases. The furthest downstream proteins in the pathway, the p50/p65 transcription factor heterodimer, have been recalcitrant toward small molecule inhibition despite the substantial number of compounds known to inhibit upstream proteins in the activation pathway. Given the roles of many of these upstream proteins in multiple biochemical pathways, targeting the p50/p65 heterodimer offers an opportunity for enhanced on-target specificity. Toward this end, the p65 protein presents two nondisulfide cysteines, Cys38 and Cys120, at its DNA-binding interface that are amenable to targeting by covalent molecules. The natural product helenalin, a sesquiterpene lactone, has been previously shown to target Cys38 on p65 and ablate its DNA-binding ability. Using helenalin as inspiration, simplified helenalin analogues were designed, synthesized, and shown to inhibit induced canonical NF-κB signaling in cell culture. Moreover, two simplified helenalin probes were proficient at forming covalent protein adducts, binding to Cys38 on recombinant p65, and targeting p65 in HeLa cells without engaging canonical NF-κB signaling proteins IκBα, p50, and IKKα/β. These studies further support that targeting the p65 transcription factor-DNA interface with covalent small molecule inhibitors is a viable approach toward regulating canonical NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Widen
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 2231 Sixth Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aaron M. Kempema
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 2231 Sixth Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Peter W. Villalta
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 2231 Sixth Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Daniel A. Harki
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and ‡Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 2231 Sixth Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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15
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Zaki M, Oukhrib A, Akssira M, Berteina-Raboin S. Synthesis of novel spiro-isoxazoline and spiro-isoxazolidine derivatives of tomentosin. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25869g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel enantiomerically pure spiro-(isoxazolidines/isoxazolines) were synthesized regioselectively by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition using nitrones and nitrile oxides, on the exocyclic double bond of tomentosin extracted from Dittrichia viscosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zaki
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique
- Université d'Orléans
- 45067 Orléans Cedex 2
- France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique & Chimie Bioorganique
| | - Abdelouahd Oukhrib
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biomoléculaire Substances Naturelles et Réactivité (URAC 16)
- Faculté des Sciences Semlalia
- Université Cadi Ayyad
- B.P. 2390 Marrakech
- Morocco
| | - Mohamed Akssira
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique & Chimie Bioorganique
- Département de Chimie
- URA C 22
- Pôle RéPAM
- F. S. T. Université Hassan II de Casablanca
| | - Sabine Berteina-Raboin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique
- Université d'Orléans
- 45067 Orléans Cedex 2
- France
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16
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Barcellos JC, Vilela GVDA, Borges BH, Miranda MF, Dias AG, Costa PR. The syn-selective conjugate addition of amines to enoates derived from d-mannitol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Shao WH, Chen BY, Cheng XR, Yuan H, Chen H, Chang WL, Ye J, Lin S, Sun QY, Zhang WD. Synthesis and evaluation of new α-methylene-γ-lactone carbamates with NO production inhibitory effects in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 93:274-80. [PMID: 25703295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of new α-methylene-γ-lactone carbamates were synthesized by an asymmetric synthetic route. The activities on inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) release of these compounds were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. The results indicated that most of the compounds except one exhibited potent NO inhibitory effect with IC50 value more than 2 μΜ. The cytotoxicities of these compounds were estimated via MTT assays. The results suggested that six compounds were accompanied by low cytotoxicity. The structure-activity relationships were also discussed. The S configuration of C3 on lactones ring would be more helpful to NO inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Shao
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bing-Yang Chen
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hu Yuan
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wan-Lin Chang
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ji Ye
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qing-Yan Sun
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200040, China.
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18
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Clausen TP, Reichardt PB, Bryant JP, Werner RA, Post K, Frisby K. Chemical model for short-term induction in quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) foliage against herbivores. J Chem Ecol 2013; 15:2335-46. [PMID: 24272421 DOI: 10.1007/bf01012085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/1988] [Accepted: 12/13/1988] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Simulated large aspen tortrix (Choristoneura conflictana) herbivory of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) induces significant increases in concentrations of two phenol glycosides, salicortin and tremulacin, in leaves within 24 hr. Crushing of leaf tissue, as must occur when aspen leaves are eaten by chewing insects such as the large aspen tortrix, results in conversion of salicortin and tremulacin to 6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexenone (6-HCH). Salicortin, tremulacin, 6-HCH, and its degradation product, catechol, are all toxic to the large aspen tortrix when fed on an artificial diet. These damage-induced chemical changes provide a plausible mechanism for short-term resistance induced in aspen leaves by insect herbivory.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Clausen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alaska, 99775, Fairbanks, Alaska
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19
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Potential antitumor alpha-methylene-psi-butyrolactone-bearing nucleic acid bases. 2. Synthesis of 5'-methyl-5'-[2-(5-substituted uracil-1-yl)ethyl]-2'-oxo-3'-methylenetetrahydrofurans. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 20:253-8. [PMID: 18975160 DOI: 10.1007/bf02976153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/1997] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ten, heretofore unreported, 5'-methyl-5'-[2-(5-substituted uracil-1-yl)ethyl)]-2'-oxo-3'-methylenetetrahydrofurans (H, F, Cl, Br, I, CH(3), CH(3), CH(2)CH(3), CH=CH(2), SePh) (7a-j) were synthesized and evaluated against four cell lines (K-562, FM-3A, P-388 and U-937). For the preparation of alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone-linked to 5-substituted uracils (7a-j), the convenient Reformasky type reaction was employed which involves the treatment of ethyl alpha-(bromomethyl)acrylate and zinc with the respective 1-(5-substituted uracil-1-yl)-3-butanone (6a-j). The 5-substituted uracil ketones (6a-j) were directly obtained by the respective Michael type reaction of vinyl methyl ketone with the K(2)CO(3) (or NaH)-treated 5-substituted uracils (5a-j) in the presence of acetic acid in the DMF solvent. The alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone compounds showing the most significant antitumor activity are7e, 7f, 7h and7j (inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) ranging from 0.69 to 2.9 mug/ml), while7b, 7g and7i have shown moderate to significant activity. The compounds7a, 7c and7d were found to be inactive. The synthetic intermediate compounds6a-j were also screened and found marginal to moderate activity where compounds6b and6g showed significant activity (IC(50):0.4 approximately 2.8 mug/ml).
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20
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Enantioselective sulfa-Michael addition of thioacids to α,β-unsaturated ketones with bifunctional organocatalyst. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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ZHANG ZHIQIANG, CHOW RAYMONDKWOKKEI, ZHOU HONGWEI, LI JIELIANG, CHEUNG HONYEUNG. AN AB INITIO STUDY ON THE STRUCTURE–CYTOTOXICITY RELATIONSHIP OF TERPENOID LACTONES BASED ON THE MICHAEL REACTION BETWEEN THEIR PHARMACOPHORES AND L-CYSTEINE-METHYLESTER-1. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633608003794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxic effects of terpenoid lactones are attributed to the alkylation of biological nucleophiles, especially sulfhydryl groups in proteins, by the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety of lactones through Michael reaction. Therefore, the cytotoxicity could be reflected by the reactivity of the pharmacophores. In this work, the Michael reaction between 12 α,β-unsaturated-carbonyl-containing small species, i.e. 10 analogues of the alpha methylene gamma butyrolactone moiety of andrographolide, one cyclopentenone, and one methylene–pentanolide, and L-cysteine-methylester-1 were investigated by ab initio methods to mimic the alkylation of proteins by terpenoid lactones. The trend in the calculated reaction free energies of the small species is qualitatively in accordance with the reported cytotoxicity of corresponding terpenoid lactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZHI QIANG ZHANG
- Research Group for Bioactive Products, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - RAYMOND KWOK KEI CHOW
- Research Group for Bioactive Products, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - HONG WEI ZHOU
- Research Group for Bioactive Products, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - JIE LIANG LI
- Research Group for Bioactive Products, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - HON-YEUNG CHEUNG
- Research Group for Bioactive Products, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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22
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Gao N, Zheng S, Yang W, Zhao X. Carbon-sulfur bond formation via iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylation of aliphatic thiols. Org Lett 2011; 13:1514-6. [PMID: 21348506 DOI: 10.1021/ol200197v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An iridium-catalyzed regio- and enatioselective allylation with aliphatic thiols as the nucleophile in dichloromethane has been accomplished; and the branch products were obtained in 34-80% yields with up to 94/6 b/l and 98% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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23
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Arantes FF, Barbosa LC, Maltha CR, Demuner AJ, Marçal da Costa P, Ferreira JR, Costa-Lotufo LV, Moraes MO, Pessoa C. Synthesis of novel α-santonin derivatives as potential cytotoxic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:6045-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Rana NK, Selvakumar S, Singh VK. Highly Enantioselective Organocatalytic Sulfa-Michael Addition to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones. J Org Chem 2010; 75:2089-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902634a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal K. Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India 208 016
| | | | - Vinod K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India 208 016
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, ITI (Gas Rahat) Building, Govindpura, India 462 023
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25
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Murata T, Itoigawa M, Ito C, Nakao K, Tsuboi M, Kaneda N, Furukawa H. Induction of apoptosis in human leukaemia HL-60 cells by furanone-coumarins from Murraya siamensis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:385-9. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.3.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To identify potential anti-tumour agents, we screened five furanone-coumarins isolated from Murraya siamensis Craib (Rutaceae) for their ability to inhibit the growth of human leukaemia HL-60 cells. Among the furanone-coumarins tested, murrayacoumarin B (compound 2) showed significant cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells. Fluorescence microscopy with Hoechst 33342 staining revealed that the percentage of apoptotic cells with fragmented nuclei and condensed chromatin increased in a time-dependent manner after treatment with murrayacoumarin B. Interestingly, this furanone-coumarin induced the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, treatment with murrayacoumarin B stimulated the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and caspase-9 and caspase-3 inhibitors suppressed the apoptosis induced by murrayacoumarin B. These results suggest that murrayacoumarin B induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells through activation of the caspase-9/caspase-3 pathway triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomiyasu Murata
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Masataka Itoigawa
- Faculty of Human Wellness, Tokai Gakuen University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8514, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ito
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Masaru Tsuboi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Norio Kaneda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Furukawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
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26
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Wang D, Yang L, Guan H, Chen YN, Xu WZ, You S. Stereoselective hydrogenation on the exocyclic and conjugated double bond of sesquiterpene lactones by Aspergillus versicolor D-1. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2009; 11:991-996. [PMID: 20183266 DOI: 10.1080/10286020903127258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus versicolor D-1 was employed to convert dehydrocostuslactone (1) and 3-hydroxy-1(10),3,11(13)-guaiatriene-12,6-olide-2-one (5) stereoselectively. The reactions occurring were specific hydrogenation on the exocyclic alpha,beta-double bond of sesquiterpene lactones with excellent conversion. Products were identified by the analysis of their spectra such as UV, IR, MS, (1)H, (13)C NMR, and NOESY, and the structure of one new compound was elucidated. The characteristic of the stereoselective hydrogenation was also discussed and suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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27
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Lelono RAA, Tachibana S, Itoh K. Isolation of antifungal compounds from Gardenia jasminoides. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:949-56. [PMID: 19817121 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.949.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Gardenia jasminoides E. (Rubiaceae) methanol extracts showed the highest level of antifungal activity against Pleurotus ostreatus, a wood-rotting fungus, compared to five other methanol plants extracts; [Thuja orientalis L. (Cupressaceae), Datura innoxia (Solanaceae), Ligustrum japonicum T. (Oleaceae), Juniperus chinensis var. procumbens (Cupressaceae) and Mallotus japonica M. (Euphorbiaceae)] and selected for further analysis. Two antifungal compounds were isolated from n-butanol and ethyl acetate solubles in the methanol extracts of Gardenia jasminoides leaves and stems by bioassay-guided fractionation, using Pleurotus ostreatus. The antifungal compounds found for the first time in Gardenia jasminoides against Pleurotus ostreatus were identified as genipin and geniposide based on instrumental analyses. Both also had potent inhibitory effects on two plant pathogenic fungi; Fusarium oxysporum and Corynespora cassiicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A A Lelono
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
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28
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Berges C, Fuchs D, Opelz G, Daniel V, Naujokat C. Helenalin suppresses essential immune functions of activated CD4+ T cells by multiple mechanisms. Mol Immunol 2009; 46:2892-901. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Revised: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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29
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Arantes FF, Barbosa LC, Alvarenga ES, Demuner AJ, Bezerra DP, Ferreira JR, Costa-Lotufo LV, Pessoa C, Moraes MO. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of α-santonin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:3739-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Shah BA, Kaur R, Gupta P, Kumar A, Sethi VK, Andotra SS, Singh J, Saxena AK, Taneja SC. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) of parthenin analogues with pro-apoptotic activity: Development of novel anti-cancer leads. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4394-8. [PMID: 19501509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of parthenin were synthesized by substitutions at different reaction centres to establish a structure-activity relationship (SAR). Some of the molecules have displayed significant cytotoxicity in human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) and human myeloid leukemia (HL-60) cells. A few of the compounds also induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells measured in terms of sub-Go/G1 DNA fraction. Also one of the lead molecules has been shown to be the inhibitor of both telomerase and topoisomerase-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhahwal Ali Shah
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India.
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31
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Fernandes KM, Auld CA, Hopkins RG, Morrison RF. Helenalin-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of p21(Cip1) inhibits 3T3-L1 preadipocyte proliferation. J Cell Biochem 2008; 105:913-21. [PMID: 18729080 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that post-transcriptional mechanisms involving the 26S proteasome regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) during preadipocyte proliferation. Earlier studies further demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic phytochemical, helenalin is a potent inhibitor of periodic Skp2 accumulation, an F-box protein mediating SCF E3 ligase ubiquitylation and degradation of both CKIs during S phase progression. Data presented here demonstrate that helenalin dose-dependently induced G1 arrest of synchronously replicating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. This effect occurred in the absence of discernable indices of cell toxicity or apoptosis under the conditions used in this study. Our results demonstrate that helenalin markedly increased p21 protein accumulation in both density-arrested and proliferating preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. This increase in p21 protein abundance occurred without change in mRNA transcript demonstrating that post-transcriptional mechanisms were involved. This notion was further supported by the modest accumulation of polyubiquitylated p21 following treatment with helenalin suggesting that suppression of targeted p21 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome contributed to helenalin-mediated p21 accumulation. The increase in p21 protein was compartmentalized to the nucleus where p21 is known to inhibit cell cycle progression. Finally, helenalin increased protein-protein interactions between p21 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) which may account in part for the anti-proliferative effect in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma M Fernandes
- Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA
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32
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Anticancer activities of sesquiterpene lactones from Cyathocline purpurea in vitro. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2008; 64:143-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-008-0863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Lenardão EJ, Ferreira PC, Jacob RG, Perin G, Leite FP. Solvent-free conjugated addition of thiols to citral using KF/alumina: preparation of 3-thioorganylcitronellals, potential antimicrobial agents. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Vasconcellos MC, Rosa RM, Machado MS, Villela IV, Crotti AEM, Lopes JLC, Pessoa C, de Moraes MO, Lopes NP, Costa-Lotufo LV, Saffi J, Henriques JAP. Genotoxicity of 15-deoxygoyazensolide in bacteria and yeast. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2007; 631:16-25. [PMID: 17499014 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) present a wide range of pharmacological activities. The aim of our study was to investigate the genotoxicity of 15-deoxygoyazensolide using the Salmonella/microsome assay and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We also investigated the nature of induced DNA damage using yeast strains defective in DNA repair pathways, such as nucleotide excision repair (RAD3), error prone repair (RAD6), and recombinational repair (RAD52), and in DNA metabolism, such as topoisomerase mutants. 15-deoxygoyasenzolide was not mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium, but it was mutagenic in S. cerevisiae. The hypersensitivity of the rad52 mutant suggests that recombinational repair is critical for processing lesions resulting from 15-deoxygoyazensolide-induced DNA damage, whereas excision repair and mutagenic systems does not appear to be primarily involved. Top 1 defective yeast strain was highly sensitive to the cytotoxic activity of 15-deoxygoyazensolide, suggesting a possible involvement of this enzyme in the reversion of the putative complex formation between DNA and this SL, possibly due to intercalation. Moreover, the treatment with this lactone caused dose-dependent glutathione depletion, generating pro-oxidant status which facilitates oxidative DNA damage, particularly DNA breaks repaired by the recombinational system ruled by RAD52 in yeast. Consistent with this finding, the absence of Top1 directly affects chromatin remodeling, allowing repair factors to access oxidative damage, which explains the high sensitivity to top1 strain. In summary, the present study shows that 15-deoxygoyazensolide is mutagenic in yeast due to the possible intercalation effect, in addition to the pro-oxidant status that exacerbates oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marne C Vasconcellos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal-3157, 60430-270 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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35
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-methylideneisoxazolidin-5-ones – A new class of highly cytotoxic α-methylidene-γ-lactones. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 42:248-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Revised: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Papagni A, Colonna S, Juliá S, Rocas J. Asymmetric Catalytic Michael Reaction by Means of Natural Proteins. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397918508063887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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38
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Wu C, Chen F, Rushing JW, Wang X, Kim HJ, Huang G, Haley-Zitlin V, He G. Antiproliferative Activities of Parthenolide and Golden Feverfew Extract Against Three Human Cancer Cell Lines. J Med Food 2006; 9:55-61. [PMID: 16579729 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2006.9.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal herb feverfew [Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz-Bip.] has long been used as a folk remedy for the treatment of migraine and arthritis. Parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone, is considered to be the primary bioactive compound in feverfew having anti-migraine, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study we determined, through in vitro bioassays, the inhibitory activity of parthenolide and golden feverfew extract against two human breast cancer cell lines (Hs605T and MCF-7) and one human cervical cancer cell line (SiHa). Feverfew ethanolic extract inhibited the growth of all three types of cancer cells with a half-effective concentration (EC50) of 1.5 mg/mL against Hs605T, 2.1 mg/mL against MCF-7, and 0.6 mg/mL against SiHa. Among the tested constituents of feverfew (i.e., parthenolide, camphor, luteolin, and apigenin), parthenolide showed the highest inhibitory effect with an EC50 against Hs605T, MCF-7, and SiHa of 2.6 microg/mL, 2.8 microg/mL, and 2.7 microg/mL, respectively. Interactions between parthenolide and flavonoids (apigenin and luteolin) in feverfew extract also were investigated to elucidate possible synergistic or antagonistic effects. The results revealed that apigenin and luteolin might have moderate to weak synergistic effects with parthenolide on the inhibition of cancer cell growth of Hs605T, MCF-7, and SiHa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Wu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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39
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Schmidt TJ. Structure-Activity Relationships of Sesquiterpene Lactones. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(06)80030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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40
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Nakagawa Y, Iinuma M, Matsuura N, Yi K, Naoi M, Nakayama T, Nozawa Y, Akao Y. A Potent Apoptosis-Inducing Activity of a Sesquiterpene Lactone, Arucanolide, in HL60 Cells: a Crucial Role of Apoptosis-Inducing Factor. J Pharmacol Sci 2005; 97:242-52. [PMID: 15699578 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.fp0040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Six main sesquiterpene lactones (germacranolides) from Calea urticifolia were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines HL60 and SW480 cells. Among them, arucanolide and parthenolide displayed marked cytotoxicity against both cell lines. Arucanolide exhibited a low IC(50) in HL60 cells. The cytotoxic activity of arucanolide was observed at lower concentrations compared to that of parthenolide, which has been reported to be a typical and simple germacranolide. The activity was found to be mainly due to apoptosis that was assessed by morphological findings, DNA ladder formation (24 - 36 h), and flow cytometric analysis in HL60 cells. Western blotting and an apoptosis inhibition assay using caspase inhibitors did not demonstrate the activation of any caspases tested. However, the mitochondrial membrane potential of HL60 cells was lost after 24-h treatment with arucanolide, and concurrently apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) released from mitochondria was detected by Western blot analysis. The inactivation of nuclear factor-kappaB, which has been commonly shown in parthenolide-induced apoptosis, did not occur in arucanolide-induced apoptosis. Taken together, the findings presented here indicate that arucanolide induced marked apoptosis in HL60 cells mainly by dissipating mitochondrial membrane potential, which would trigger AIF-induced apoptosis.
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41
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Zhao K, Wang Y, Zhao L, Ji Z, Li D, Tisdale MJ, Schwalbe CH. Synthesis and cytotoxicity of a novel 1-alkylaminomethyl-2,4-diaryl-butadiene-1,3 fragment integrated within cyclohex(pent)enes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 59:373-9. [PMID: 15120316 DOI: 10.1016/j.farmac.2004.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2003] [Accepted: 01/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A group of 1-alkylaminomethyl-2-aryl-3-arylidenecyclohex(pent)enes 3a-n with a 1-alkylaminomethyl-2,4-diaryl-1,3-butadiene fragment and a group of their congeners 3-alkylaminomethyl-1,2-diarylcyclohexene 7a-f have been synthesised for the first time. The conjugated system in 1-alkylaminomethyl-2-aryl-3-arylidenecyclohex(pent)enes 3a-n was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that 3a-n possess inconsistent cytotoxicity against cancer cells, not their congeners 7a-f.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
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42
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43
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Cho JY, Kim AR, Jung JH, Chun T, Rhee MH, Yoo ES. Cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities of cynaropicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone, on the viability of leukocyte cancer cell lines. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 492:85-94. [PMID: 15178350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2004] [Accepted: 03/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cynaropicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Saussurea lappa, has been reported to possess immunomodulatory effects on cytokine release, nitric oxide production and immunosuppressive effects. In this study, we have examined cytotoxic effect of cynaropicrin against several types of cell lines such as macrophages, eosinophils, fibroblasts and lymphocytes. Cynaropicrin potently inhibited the proliferation of leukocyte cancer cell lines, such as U937, Eol-1 and Jurkat T cells, but some other cells such as Chang liver cells and human fibroblast cell lines were not strongly suppressed by cynaropicrin treatment. The cytotoxic effect of cynaropicrin was due to inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase, according to flow-cytometric, DNA fragmentation and morphological analyses using U937 cells. Evidence that combination treatment with l-cysteine and N-acetyl-l-cysteine, reactive oxygen species scavengers, or rottlerin (1-[6-[(3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2, 2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-8-yl]-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-one), a specific protein kinase (PK) Cdelta inhibitor, abolished cynaropicrin-mediated cytotoxicity and morphological change, and that cynaropicrin-induced proteolytic cleavage of PKCdelta suggests that reactive oxygen species and PKCdelta may play an important role in mediating pro-apoptotic activity by cynaropicrin. Taken together, these results indicate that cynaropicrin may be a potential anticancer agent against some leukocyte cancer cells such as lymphoma or leukemia, through pro-apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Youl Cho
- School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 192-1, Hyoja2-Dong, Chuncheon, Kangwon-Do 200-701, South Korea.
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44
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Garcı́a-Granados A, Gutiérrez MC, Rivas F. Biotransformation of a 4α-hydroxylated eudesmane with Exserohilum halodes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2003.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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45
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Dimmock JR, Jha A, Kumar P, Zello GA, Quail JW, Oloo EO, Oucharek JJ, Pasha MK, Seitz D, Sharma RK, Allen TM, Santos CL, Manavathu EK, De Clercq E, Balzarini J, Stables JP. Cytotoxic 1,4-bis(2-oxo-1-cycloalkylmethylene)benzenes and related compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2002; 37:35-44. [PMID: 11841873 DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(01)01294-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,4-bis(2-oxo-1-cycloalkylmethylene)benzenes 2a-c and 4 and a related acyclic analogue 6a were synthesised and converted to the corresponding Mannich bases 3a-c, 5 and 6b. Evaluation of these compounds against murine P388 and L1210 cells as well as human Molt 4/C8 and CEM T-lymphocytes revealed that the Mannich bases were more cytotoxic than the corresponding unsaturated ketones. 1,4-bis(3-Dimethylaminomethyl-2-oxo-1-cyclohexylmethylene)benzene dihydrochloride (3a) had lower IC(50) values than melphalan against the four cell lines and was 15 times more potent than this drug when examined against a panel of human tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Dimmock
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5C9.
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46
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Dimmock JR, Kumar P, Nazarali AJ, Motaganahalli NL, Kowalchuk TP, Beazely MA, Wilson Quail J, Oloo EO, Allen TM, Szydlowski J, DeClercq E, Balzarini J. Cytotoxic 2,6-bis(arylidene)cyclohexanones and related compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2000; 35:967-77. [PMID: 11137225 DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(00)01173-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A number of 2-arylidenecyclohexanones 1, 2, 6-bis(arylidene)cyclohexanones 2 and related Mannich bases 3-5 were prepared. Various torsion angles as well as atomic charges on olefinic carbon atoms were determined by molecular modelling on all compounds. These molecules showed cytotoxicity towards murine P388 and L1210 cells as well as to human Molt 4/C8 and CEM T-lymphocytes. The average cytotoxicity of the dienones 2 was more than three times greater than was found with the monoarylidene analogues 1, and, in general, were slightly more cytotoxic than the Mannich bases 3-5. A number of the compounds displayed potency towards a panel of human tumour cell lines and most of the representative compounds in series 2-5 were selectively toxic to colon cancers and leukaemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Dimmock
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Cho JY, Baik KU, Jung JH, Park MH. In vitro anti-inflammatory effects of cynaropicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone, from Saussurea lappa. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 398:399-407. [PMID: 10862830 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of cynaropicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Saussurea lappa, on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and nitric oxide (NO) release, and lymphocyte proliferation. Cynaropicrin strongly inhibited TNF-alpha release from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophage, RAW264.7 cells, and differentiated human macrophage, U937 cells, proved to produce notable amount of TNF-alpha. It also potently attenuated the accumulation of NO released from lipopolysaccharide- and interferon-gamma-stimulated RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the immunosuppressive effects of the compound on lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogenic stimuli were examined. Cynaropicrin also dose-dependently suppressed the proliferation of lymphocytes from splenocytes and interleukin-2-sensitive cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTLL-2 cells, stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin and interleukin-2. However, treatment with sulphydryl compound, L-cysteine, abrogated all these inhibitory effects. These results suggest that cynaropicrin may participate in the inflammatory response by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators and the proliferation of lymphocytes and its inhibitory effect is mediated through conjugation with sulphydryl groups of target protein(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Cho
- Department of Inflammation, Allergy and Autoimmune Diseases, R&D Center, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 462-120, Sungnam, South
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Kim JC, Kim SH, Kim JA, Choi SK, Park WW. Potential antitumor alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone-bearing nucleic acid base. 3. Synthesis of 5'-methyl-5'-[(6-substituted-9H-purin-9-yl)methyl]-2'-oxo-3'- methylenetetrahydrofurans. Arch Pharm Res 1998; 21:458-64. [PMID: 9875476 DOI: 10.1007/bf02974643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Search for a new alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone-bearing 6-substituted purine as a potential antitumor agent has led to synthesize seven, hitherto unreported, 5'-Methyl-5'-[(6-substituted-9H-purin-9-yl)methyl]-2'-oxo-3'- methylenetetrahydrofurans (H, Cl, I, CH3, NH2, SH, > C=O) (6a-g). These include 5'-Methyl-5'-[(9H-purin-9-yl)methyl]-2'-oxo-3'-methylenetetrahydrofur ans (6a), 5'-Methyl-5'-[(chloro-9H-purin-9-yl)methyl]-2'-oxo-3'- methylenetetrahydrofurans (6b), 5'-Methyl-5'-[(6-iodo-9H-purin-9-yl) methyl]-2'-oxo-3'-methylenetetrahydrofurans (6c), 5'-Methyl-5'-[(6-methyl-9H-purin-9-yl) methyl]-2'-oxo-3'-methylenetetrahydrofurans (6d), 5'-Methyl-5'-[(9H-adenin-9-yl)methyl]-2'-oxo-3-methylenetetrahy drofurans (6e), 5'-Methyl-5'-[(6-mercapto-9H-purin-9-yl) methyl]-2'-oxo-3'-methylenetetrahydrofurans (6f) and 5'-Methyl-5'-[(9H-hypoxanthin-9-yl)methyl]-2'-oxo-3'- methylenetetrahydrofurans (6g) which were made by the Reformatsky-type reaction of ethyl alpha-(bromomethyl) acrylate with the corresponding (6-substituted-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone intermediates (5a-g). These ketone intermediates 5a-g, 1-(9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5a), 1-(6-chloro-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5b), 1-(6-iodo-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5c), 1-(6-methyl-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5d), 1-(9H-adenin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5e), 1-(6-mercapto-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5f), and 1-(9H-hypoxanthin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5g) were directly obtained by the alkylation of the 6-substituted purine bases with the chloroacetone in the presence of K2CO3 (or NaH) under DMF (or DMSO). The preliminary in vitro cytotoxicity assay for the synthetic alpha-methylene-gamma-butyro-lactone compounds (6a-g) were determined against three cell lines (PM-3A, P-388, and K-562) and showed the moderate antitumor activity (IC50 ranged from 1.4 to 4.3 micrograms/ml) with the compound 5'-methyl-5'-[(9H-hypoxanthin-9-yl)methyl]-2'-oxo-3'- methylenetetrahydrofuran (6g) showing the least antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Korea
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49
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Schmidt TJ. Helenanolide-type sesquiterpene lactones--III. Rates and stereochemistry in the reaction of helenalin and related helenanolides with sulfhydryl containing biomolecules. Bioorg Med Chem 1997; 5:645-53. [PMID: 9158862 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(97)00003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of the two potential Michael addition sites of the helenanolide-type sesquiterpene lactone helenalin towards the physiological thiols glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (cys) in aqueous solution was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopic experiments. In the presence of one molar equivalent of GSH, the reaction was shown to occur with high regio- and stereoselectivity at the beta-position of C-2 in the cyclopentenone ring. Addition to the exocyclic methylene group at the lactone ring was found to occur in the presence, of GSH in molar ratios over 1:1, but proceeded at a rate 10 times smaller than at C-2 leading to the 2 beta,13(11 beta)-bis-glutathionyl adduct. In contrast, addition of free cys highly favoured the exocyclic methylene group. Addition of GSH to the cyclopentenone of 11 alpha, 13-dihydrohelenalin (plenolin) showed the same characteristics as observed with helenalin while 2 alpha-acetoxy-2,3-dihydro-4 beta H-helenalin (chamissonolide) did not form an adduct when incubated with an equimolar amount of GSH. Explanations for the observed differences in reactivity of the two potential reaction sites based on MO computations are given and implications for the biological activity of this type of sesquiterpene lactones are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany
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50
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Synthesis and antitumor evaluation of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone-linked to 5-Substituted uracil nucleic acid bases. Arch Pharm Res 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02976897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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