1
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Zhang Z, Liu Y, Wang S, Zhang C, Lin J. Efficient Synthesis of 7
H
‐Chromeno[3,2‐c]quinolin‐5‐ium Salts and Quinolin‐4‐ones through Acid‐Promoted Cascade Reaction of 3‐Formylchromones and Anilines. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong‐Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource Ministry of Education Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Yue‐Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource Ministry of Education Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Si‐Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource Ministry of Education Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Cong‐Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource Ministry of Education Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource Ministry of Education Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
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2
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Lavanya M, Lin C, Mao J, Thirumalai D, Aabaka SR, Yang X, Mao J, Huang Z, Zhao J. Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Functionalized 1,6-Naphthyridines. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:13. [PMID: 33624162 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The burgeoning interest in synthesis and biological applications of 1,6-naphthyridines reflects the importance of 1,6-naphthyridines in the synthetic as well as medicinal chemistry fields. Specially, 1,6-naphthyridines are pharmacologically active, with variety of applications such as anticancer, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), anti-microbial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Although collective recent synthetic developments have paved a path to a wide range of functionalized 1,6-naphthyridines, a complete correlation of synthesis with biological activity remains elusive. The current review focuses on recent synthetic developments from the last decade and a thorough study of the anticancer activity of 1,6-naphthyridines on different cancer cell lines. Anticancer activity has been correlated to 1,6-naphthyridines using the literature on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) along with molecular modeling studies. Exceptionally, at the end of this review, the utility of 1,6-naphthyridines displaying activities other than anticancer has also been included as a glimmering extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallu Lavanya
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jincheng Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China.
| | | | - Sreenath Reddy Aabaka
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, Xindu, People's Republic of China
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3
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Yang F, Gao Y, Chang YT, Zou Y, Houk KN, Lu JR, He J, Tang WZ, Liao HZ, Han H, Lin HW. Aromatic Ring Substituted Aaptamine Analogues as Potential Cytotoxic Agents against Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3758-3763. [PMID: 33170001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A chemical modification study was conducted on the marine natural product aaptamine (1), isolated from the marine sponge Aaptos aaptos. Thirty new derivatives substituted by various aromatic rings at the 3- and 7-positions of aaptamine were prepared by bromination, followed by the Suzuki coupling reaction. Sixteen compounds displayed cytotoxicities to four cancer cell lines (IC50 < 10 μM). In particular, compound 5i demonstrated a significant antiproliferative effect on the extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKT) cell line SNK-6 with an IC50 value of 0.6 μM. Additionally, compound 5i showed cytotoxicities to multiple lymphoma cell lines, including Ramos, Raji, WSU-DLCL2, and SU-DHL-4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Yung-Ting Chang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Yike Zou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jing-Rong Lu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing He
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Zhuo Tang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ze Liao
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Han
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hou-Wen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
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4
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Sumii Y, Kotoku N, Han C, Kamiya K, Setiawan A, Vilchèze C, Jacobs WR, Arai M. 3-(Phenethylamino)demethyl(oxy)aaptamine as an anti-dormant mycobacterial substance: Isolation, evaluation and total synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2020; 61. [PMID: 32577043 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
3-(Phenethylamino)demethyl(oxy)aaptamine (1) was re-discovered from the marine sponge of Aaptos sp. as an anti-dormant mycobacterial substance through the bioassay-guided separation. Compound 1 showed potent anti-microbial activity against Mycobacterium bovis BCG with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.75 µg/mL under both aerobic conditions and hypoxic conditions inducing dormant state. Compound 1 was also effective against pathogenic M. tuberculosis strains including clinical multidrug-resistant strains. Furthermore, the successful total syntheses of 1 and its analog 3-aminodemethyl(oxy)aaptamine (2) afford sufficient quantities for further biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Sumii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Present affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kotoku
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Present affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Chisu Han
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kamiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Andi Setiawan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lampung University, Jl. Prof. Dr. Sumantri Brodjonegoro No. 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia
| | - Catherine Vilchèze
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine; 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, U.S.A
| | - William R Jacobs
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine; 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, U.S.A
| | - Masayoshi Arai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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5
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Mohamad H, Rosmiati, Muhammad TST, Andriani Y, Bakar K, Ismail N, Saidin J, Latip J, Musa N, Parenrengi A. Potential Secondary Metabolites from Marine Sponge Aaptos aaptosfor Atherosclerosis and Vibriosis Treatments. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products play a crucial role in drug discovery. In the last decade, the advent of marine natural product research has produced a remarkable number of compounds, particularly those isolated from marine sponges, with a broad range of activities for the treatment of human and animal diseases. In this study, five known alkaloids namely aaptamine (1), 9-demethylaaptamine (2), 4- N-methylaaptamine (3), 9-methoxyaaptamine (4), 9-demethyloxyaaptamine (5), an uncommon amide in sponge, 4-hydroxybenzamide (6) and 3 β,5α-cholesterol (7) were isolated from the butanol extract of Aaptos aaptos (Schmidt, 1864) by bioactivity-guided isolation. Their structures were determined based on a detailed analysis of their 1D and 2D spectroscopic NMR and EIMS spectral data as well as comparison with literature data. Cytotoxic activity and anti-atherosclerotic property of the compounds were determined based on their ability to increase the transcriptional activity of SRB1 promoter and PPRE in human liver HepG2 cell line. The results showed that compounds 4 and 7 exhibited cytotoxic effects and compounds 1–4 and 7 increased the transcriptional activity of SRB1 promoter and PPRE. This suggests that compounds isolated from A. aaptos may have potential as anti-cancer agents and to reduce the progression of atherosclerosis. In addition, the compounds 1–4 displayed antibacterial activity against shrimp pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio sp. This suggests that the compounds have potential as vibriosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habsah Mohamad
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Rosmiati
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture (RICA) Jl. Makmur Dg. Sitakka No. 129 Maros 90512. Indonesia
| | | | - Yosie Andriani
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Kamariah Bakar
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Noraznawati Ismail
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jasnizat Saidin
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
- School of Marine & Environmental Sciences, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jalifah Latip
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Najiah Musa
- School of Fisheries Sciences and Aquaculture, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Andi Parenrengi
- Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture (RICA) Jl. Makmur Dg. Sitakka No. 129 Maros 90512. Indonesia
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6
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Arai M, Han C, Yamano Y, Setiawan A, Kobayashi M. Aaptamines, marine spongean alkaloids, as anti-dormant mycobacterial substances. J Nat Med 2014; 68:372-6. [PMID: 24414399 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-013-0811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A new aaptamine class alkaloid, designated 2-methoxy-3-oxoaaptamine (1), together with seven known aaptamines (2-8) were isolated from a marine sponge of Aaptos sp. as anti-mycobacterial substances against active and dormant bacilli. The chemical structure of 1 was determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 was anti-mycobacterial against Mycobacterium smegmatis in both active growing and dormancy-inducing hypoxic conditions with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 μg/ml, and compounds 2, 5, 6, and 7 showed anti-mycobacterial activities under hypoxic condition selectively, with MIC values of 1.5-6.25 μg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Arai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 1-6, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan,
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Bharate SB, Sawant SD, Singh PP, Vishwakarma RA. Kinase inhibitors of marine origin. Chem Rev 2013; 113:6761-815. [PMID: 23679846 DOI: 10.1021/cr300410v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip B Bharate
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
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8
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Shubina LK, Makarieva TN, Dyshlovoy SA, Fedorov SN, Dmitrenok PS, Stonik VA. Three New Aaptamines from the Marine Sponge Aaptos sp. and Their Proapoptotic Properties. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000501208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new aaptamine-type alkaloids, 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dioxoaaptamine (1), 6 -( N-morpholinyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-demethyl(oxy)aaptamine (2) and 3-(methylamino)demethyl(oxy)aaptamine (3), along with known aaptamines were isolated from the sponge Aaptos sp. Their structures were determined on the basis of detailed analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic and mass spectral data. The isolated compounds induced apoptosis in human leukemia THP-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa K. Shubina
- Laboratory of Chemistry MaNaPro, Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana N. Makarieva
- Laboratory of Chemistry MaNaPro, Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Dyshlovoy
- Laboratory of Chemistry MaNaPro, Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Sergey N. Fedorov
- Laboratory of Chemistry MaNaPro, Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Pavel S. Dmitrenok
- Laboratory of Chemistry MaNaPro, Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Valentin A. Stonik
- Laboratory of Chemistry MaNaPro, Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
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9
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Tsukamoto S, Yamanokuchi R, Yoshitomi M, Sato K, Ikeda T, Rotinsulu H, Mangindaan REP, de Voogd NJ, van Soest RWM, Yokosawa H. Aaptamine, an alkaloid from the sponge Aaptos suberitoides, functions as a proteasome inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3341-3. [PMID: 20451377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aaptamine (1), isoaaptamine (2), and demethylaaptamine (3) were isolated from the marine sponge Aaptossuberitoides collected in Indonesia as inhibitors of the proteasome. They inhibited the chymotrypsin-like and caspase-like activities of the proteasome with IC(50) values of 1.6-4.6 microg/mL, while they showed less inhibition of the trypsin-like activity of the proteasome. The three compounds showed cytotoxic activities against HeLa cells, but their cytotoxicity did not correlate with their potency as proteasome inhibitors, strongly suggesting that their proteasomal inhibitory activity is dispensable to their cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Tsukamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
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10
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Larghi EL, Bohn ML, Kaufman TS. Aaptamine and related products. Their isolation, chemical syntheses, and biological activity. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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11
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Kishore N, Mishra BB, Tripathi V, Tiwari VK. Alkaloids as potential anti-tubercular agents. Fitoterapia 2009; 80:149-63. [PMID: 19344681 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 01/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
An increasing incidence of deaths due to tuberculosis and the known drawbacks of the current existing drugs including the emergence of multi drug-resistant strains have led to a renewed interest in the discovery of new anti-tubercular agents with novel modes of actions. The recent researches focused on natural products have shown a useful way to obtain a potentially rich source of drug candidates, where alkaloids have been found more effective. The present review focuses on current epidemiology of tuberculosis, synergy of the disease with HIV, current therapy, available molecular targets and, highlights why natural products especially alkaloids are so important. The review summarizes alkaloids found active against mycobacteria from the mid-1980s to late 2008 with special attention on the study of structure-activity relationship (SAR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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12
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Shaari K, Ling KC, Rashid ZM, Jean TP, Abas F, Raof SM, Zainal Z, Lajis NH, Mohamad H, Ali AM. Cytotoxic aaptamines from Malaysian Aaptos aaptos. Mar Drugs 2008; 7:1-8. [PMID: 19370166 PMCID: PMC2666884 DOI: 10.3390/md7010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a preliminary screen, Aaptos aaptos showed significant cytotoxic activity towards a panel of cell lines and was thus subjected to bioassay-guided isolation of the bioactive constituents. In addition to the known aaptamine, two new derivatives of the alkaloid were isolated from the bioactive chloroform fraction of the crude methanolic extract. Detailed analysis by NMR and mass spectroscopy enabled their identification to be 3-(phenethylamino)demethyl(oxy)aaptamine and 3-(isopentylamino)demethyl(oxy) aaptamine. The cytotoxic activities of the three alkaloids were further evaluated against CEM-SS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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14
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Bowling JJ, Pennaka HK, Ivey K, Wahyuono S, Kelly M, Schinazi RF, Valeriote FA, Graves DE, Hamann MT. Antiviral and anticancer optimization studies of the DNA-binding marine natural product aaptamine. Chem Biol Drug Des 2008; 71:205-15. [PMID: 18251774 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2008.00628.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aaptamine has potent cytotoxicity that may be explained by its ability to intercalate DNA. Aaptamine was evaluated for its ability to bind to DNA to validate DNA binding as the primary mechanism of cytotoxicity. Based on UV-vis absorbance titration data, the K(obs) for aaptamine was 4.0 (+/-0.2) x 10(3) which was essentially equivalent to the known DNA intercalator N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-9-aminoacridine-4-carboxamide. Semi-synthetic core modifications were performed to improve the general structural diversity of known aaptamine analogs and vary its absorption characteristics. Overall, 26 aaptamine derivatives were synthesized which consisted of a simple homologous range of mono and di-N-alkylations as well as some 9-O-sulfonylation and bis-O-isoaaptamine dimer products. Each product was evaluated for activity in a variety of whole cell and viral assays including a unique solid tumor disk diffusion assay. Details of aaptamine's DNA-binding activity and its derivatives' whole cell and viral assay results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Bowling
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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15
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Sączewski J, Gdaniec M. First tandem nucleophilic addition–electrophilic amination reaction of Eschenmoser’s salts: synthesis of cyclic and spiro-fused hydrazonium salts. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.08.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Abstract
This review covers natural products (secondary metabolites) with reported growth inhibitory activity towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis or related organisms. Such compounds have been isolated from a variety of sources including terrestrial and marine plants and animals, and microorganisms, with the express intent of identifying novel scaffolds for the development of new antituberculosis agents. The literature from January 2003 to December 2005 (inclusive) is reviewed and 146 references to 353 compounds are cited. The compounds are presented in order of chemical type, namely lipids/fatty acids and simple aromatics, phenolics and quinones, peptides, alkaloids, terpenes (monoterpenoids, diterpenes, sesquiterpenes and triterpenes), steroids and miscellaneous structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent R Copp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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17
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Gul W, Hammond NL, Yousaf M, Bowling JJ, Schinazi RF, Wirtz SS, de Castro Andrews G, Cuevas C, Hamann MT. Modification at the C9 position of the marine natural product isoaaptamine and the impact on HIV-1, mycobacterial, and tumor cell activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:8495-505. [PMID: 17045480 PMCID: PMC4928486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2006] [Revised: 08/24/2006] [Accepted: 08/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As part of an investigation to generate optimized drug leads from marine natural pharmacophores for the treatment of neoplastic and infectious diseases, a series of novel isoaaptamine analogs were prepared by coupling acyl halides to the C9 position of isoaaptamine (2) isolated from the Aaptos sponge. This library of new semisynthetic products was evaluated for biological activity against HIV-1, Mtb, AIDS-OI, tropical parasitic diseases, and cancer. Compound 4 showed potent activity against HIV-1 (EC(50) 0.47microg/mL), compound 19 proved to possess remarkable activity against Mycobacterium intracellulare with an IC(50) and MIC value of 0.15 and 0.31microg/mL, while compounds 4 and 17 possessed anti-leishmanial activity with IC(50) values of 0.1 and 0.4microg/mL, respectively. Compounds 16 and 17 showed antimalarial activity with EC(50) values of 230 and 240ng/mL, respectively, and compound 14 exhibited an EC(50) of 0.05microM against the Leukemia cell line K-562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Gul
- Department of Pharmacognosy and the National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR), University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, MS 38677, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Hammond
- Department of Pharmacognosy and the National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR), University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, MS 38677, USA
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- Department of Pharmacognosy and the National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR), University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, MS 38677, USA
| | - John J. Bowling
- Department of Pharmacognosy and the National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR), University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, MS 38677, USA
| | - Raymond F. Schinazi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University/VA Medical Center, Decatur Georgia 30033, USA
| | - Susan S. Wirtz
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University/VA Medical Center, Decatur Georgia 30033, USA
| | | | - Carmen Cuevas
- Research & Development, PharmaMar S.A., 28770-Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark T. Hamann
- Department of Pharmacognosy and the National Center for Natural Products Research (NCNPR), University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, MS 38677, USA
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Dondela B, Peszke J, Śliwa W. Semiempirical ZINDO/S, AM1 and ab initio HF/STO-3G and HF/6-31G study of quaternary salts of diazaphenanthrenes with ethyl bromide and 1,3-dibromopropane. J Mol Struct 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2005.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pettit RK, Weber CA, Kean MJ, Hoffmann H, Pettit GR, Tan R, Franks KS, Horton ML. Microplate Alamar blue assay for Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm susceptibility testing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49:2612-7. [PMID: 15980327 PMCID: PMC1168683 DOI: 10.1128/aac.49.7.2612-2617.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are at the root of many infections largely because they are much more antibiotic resistant than their planktonic counterparts. Antibiotics that target the biofilm phenotype are desperately needed, but there is still no standard method to assess biofilm drug susceptibility. Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 biofilms treated with eight different approved antibiotics and five different experimental compounds were exposed to the oxidation reduction indicator Alamar blue for 60 min, and reduction relative to untreated controls was determined visually and spectrophotometrically. The minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration was defined as < or = 50% reduction and a purplish well 60 min after the addition of Alamar blue. All of the approved antibiotics had biofilm MICs (MBICs) of >512 microg/ml (most >4,096 microg/ml), and four of the experimental compounds had MBICs of < or = 128 microg/ml. The experimental aaptamine derivative hystatin 3 was used to correlate Alamar blue reduction with 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) reduction and viable counts (CFU/ml) for S. epidermidis ATCC 35984, ATCC 12228, and two clinical isolates. For all four strains, Alamar blue results correlated well with XTT (r = 0.83 to 0.97) and with CFU/ml results (r = 0.85 to 0.94). Alamar blue's stability and lack of toxicity allowed CFU/ml to be determined from the same wells as Alamar blue absorbances. If the described method of microplate Alamar blue biofilm susceptibility testing, which is simple, reproducible, cost-effective, nontoxic, and amenable to high throughput, is applicable to other important biofilm forming species, it should greatly facilitate the discovery of biofilm specific agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin K Pettit
- Cancer Research Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-2404, USA.
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Abstract
This review covers beta-phenylethylamines and isoquinoline alkaloids derived from them, including further products of oxidation, condensation with formaldehyde and rearrangement, some of which do not contain as isoquinoline system, together with napthylisoquinoline alkaloids, which have a different biogenetic origin. The occurrence of the alkaloids with the structures of new bases, together with their reactions and syntheses, are reported. The literature from July 2003 to June 2004 is reviewed, with 145 references cited.
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