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Reboud-Ravaux M. [The proteasome - structural aspects and inhibitors: a second life for a validated drug target]. Biol Aujourdhui 2021; 215:1-23. [PMID: 34397372 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2021005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The proteasome is the central component of the adaptable ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) discovered in the 1980's. It sustains protein homeostasis (proteostasis) under a large variety of physiological and pathological conditions. Its dysregulation has been often associated to various human diseases. Its potential regulation by modulators has emerged as promising avenue to develop treatments of various pathologies. The FDA approval in 2003 of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib to treat multiple myeloma, then mantle lymphoma in 2006, has considerably increased the clinical interest of proteasome inhibition. Second-generation proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib) have been approved to overcome bortezomib resistance and improved toxicity profile and route of administration. Selective inhibition of immunoproteasome is a promising approach towards the development of immunomodulatory drugs. The design of these drugs relies greatly on the elucidation of high-resolution structures of the targeted proteasomes. The ATPase-dependent 26S proteasome (2.4 MDa) consists of a 20S proteolytic core and one or two 19S regulatory particles. The 20S core contains three types of catalytic sites. In recent years, due to technical advances especially in atomic cryo-electron microscopy, significant progress has been made in the understanding of 26S proteasome structure and its dynamics. Stepwise conformational changes of the 19S particle induced by ATP hydrolysis lead to substrate translocation, 20S pore opening and processive protein degradation by the 20S proteolytic subunits (2β1, 2β2 and 2β5). A large variety of structurally different inhibitors, both natural products or synthetic compounds targeting immuno- and constitutive proteasomes, has been discovered. The latest advances in this drug discovery are presented. Knowledge about structures, inhibition mechanism and detailed biological regulations of proteasomes can guide strategies for the development of next-generation inhibitors to treat human diseases, especially cancers, immune disorders and pathogen infections. Proteasome activators are also potentially applicable to the reduction of proteotoxic stresses in neurodegeneration and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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2
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Zhou S, Zhou C, Lu Q, Liu X, Yuan J, Yu X. Convenient access to L-3,4,5-trioxygenated phenylalanine compounds from L-tyrosine. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Yu J, Liu J, Li D, Xu L, Hong D, Chang S, Xu L, Li J, Liu T, Zhou Y. Exploration of novel macrocyclic dipeptide N-benzyl amides as proteasome inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:423-439. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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4
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Richy N, Sarraf D, Maréchal X, Janmamode N, Le Guével R, Genin E, Reboud-Ravaux M, Vidal J. Structure-based design of human immuno- and constitutive proteasomes inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 145:570-587. [PMID: 29339252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Starting from the X-ray structure of our previous tripeptidic linear mimics of TMC-95A in complex with yeast 20S proteasome, we introduced new structural features to induce a differential inhibition between human constitutive and immunoproteasome 20S particles. Libraries of 24 tripeptidic and 6 dipeptidic derivatives were synthesized. The optimized preparation of 3-hydroxyoxindolyl alanine residues from tryptophan and their incorporation in peptides were described. Several potent inhibitors of human constitutive proteasome and immunoproteasome acting at the nanomolar level (IC50 = 7.1 nM against the chymotrypsin-like activity for the best inhibitor) were obtained. A cytotoxic effect at the submicromolar level was observed against 6 human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Richy
- Université Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Bâtiment 10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Daad Sarraf
- Université Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Bâtiment 10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Maréchal
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06-CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256, Inserm ERL1164, B2A, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F75005 Paris, France
| | - Naëla Janmamode
- Université Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Bâtiment 10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Rémy Le Guével
- Université Rennes 1, Technology Platform ImPACcell, SFR UMS CNRS 3480, INSERM 018, Bâtiment 8, Campus de Villejean, 35043 Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Emilie Genin
- Université Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Bâtiment 10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06-CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256, Inserm ERL1164, B2A, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F75005 Paris, France.
| | - Joëlle Vidal
- Université Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Bâtiment 10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, Cedex, France.
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5
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Zhang J, Gao L, Xi J, Sheng L, Zhao Y, Xu L, Shao Y, Liu S, Zhuang R, Zhou Y, Li J. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel non-covalent piperidine-containing peptidyl proteasome inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:6206-6214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Computational Approaches for the Discovery of Human Proteasome Inhibitors: An Overview. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070927. [PMID: 27438821 PMCID: PMC6274525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasome emerged as an important target in recent pharmacological research due to its pivotal role in degrading proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus of eukaryotic cells, regulating a wide variety of cellular pathways, including cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair, transcription, immune response, and signaling processes. The last two decades witnessed intensive efforts to discover 20S proteasome inhibitors with significant chemical diversity and efficacy. To date, the US FDA approved to market three proteasome inhibitors: bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib. However new, safer and more efficient drugs are still required. Computer-aided drug discovery has long being used in drug discovery campaigns targeting the human proteasome. The aim of this review is to illustrate selected in silico methods like homology modeling, molecular docking, pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and combined methods that have been used in proteasome inhibitors discovery. Applications of these methods to proteasome inhibitors discovery will also be presented and discussed to raise improvements in this particular field.
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7
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Śledź P, Baumeister W. Structure-Driven Developments of 26S Proteasome Inhibitors. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 56:191-209. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Śledź
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;
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8
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Discovery of novel non-covalent inhibitors selective to the β5-subunit of the human 20S proteasome. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 98:61-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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9
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Marastoni M, Scotti A, Trapella C, Ferretti V, Sforza F, Gavioli R. Synthesis and activity of isoxazoline vinyl ester pseudopeptides as proteasome inhibitors. J Pept Sci 2014; 20:258-65. [PMID: 24677765 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome pathway (UPP) influences essential cellular functions including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, signal transduction, antigen processing and inflammatory responses. The main proteolytic component of the UPP is the 26S proteasome, which is responsible for the turnover of many cellular proteins and represents an attractive target for the treatment of pathologies such as cancer, as well as inflammatory, immune and neurodegenerative diseases. Natural and synthetic proteasome inhibitors having different chemical structures and potency have been discovered. We report herein the synthesis, proteasome inhibition and modelling studies of novel C-terminal isoxazoline vinyl ester pseudopeptides. Some new compounds that contain a C-terminal extended conjugation inhibit β1 and especially β5 proteasomal catalytic subunits with IC50 values ranging from 10 to 100 µm. These results will permit further optimization based on these structural moieties to develop more active and selective molecules.
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10
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Desvergne A, Cheng Y, Grosay-Gaudrel S, Maréchal X, Reboud-Ravaux M, Genin E, Vidal J. Noncovalent Fluorescent Probes of Human Immuno- and Constitutive Proteasomes. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9211-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5011429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Desvergne
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Yan Cheng
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Grosay-Gaudrel
- Université de Rennes 1, CPM, Bâtiment 10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- CNRS, UMR 6510, Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Xavier Maréchal
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, 7 Quai St Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 8256, Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Emilie Genin
- Université de Rennes 1, CPM, Bâtiment 10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- CNRS, UMR 6510, Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Joëlle Vidal
- Université de Rennes 1, CPM, Bâtiment 10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- CNRS, UMR 6510, Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, 35042 Rennes, France
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11
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Micale N, Scarbaci K, Troiano V, Ettari R, Grasso S, Zappalà M. Peptide-Based Proteasome Inhibitors in Anticancer Drug Design. Med Res Rev 2014; 34:1001-69. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Micale
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute; Università degli Studi di Messina; Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Kety Scarbaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute; Università degli Studi di Messina; Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Valeria Troiano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute; Università degli Studi di Messina; Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Roberta Ettari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via Mangiagalli 25 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Silvana Grasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute; Università degli Studi di Messina; Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
| | - Maria Zappalà
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute; Università degli Studi di Messina; Viale Annunziata 98168 Messina Italy
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12
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Inhibition of human and yeast 20S proteasome by analogues of trypsin inhibitor SFTI-1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89465. [PMID: 24586798 PMCID: PMC3934894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from the primary structure of sunflower trypsin inhibitor SFTI-1, we designed novel non-covalent inhibitors of human and yeast 20S proteasomes. Peptides with Arg residue in P1 position and two basic amino acid residues (Lys or/and Arg) in P2′ and P3′ positions strongly inhibited chymotrypsin-like and caspase-like activities, while trypsin-like activity was poorly modified. We found that some SFTI-1 analogues up-regulated exclusively the chymotrypsin-like activity of latent yeast 20S proteasome.
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13
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Bordessa A, Keita M, Maréchal X, Formicola L, Lagarde N, Rodrigo J, Bernadat G, Bauvais C, Soulier JL, Dufau L, Milcent T, Crousse B, Reboud-Ravaux M, Ongeri S. α- and β-hydrazino acid-based pseudopeptides inhibit the chymotrypsin-like activity of the eukaryotic 20S proteasome. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 70:505-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Hasegawa M, Yasuda Y, Tanaka M, Nakata K, Umeda E, Wang Y, Watanabe C, Uetake S, Kunoh T, Shionyu M, Sasaki R, Shiina I, Mizukami T. A novel tamoxifen derivative, ridaifen-F, is a nonpeptidic small-molecule proteasome inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 71:290-305. [PMID: 24321833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In a survey of nonpeptide noncovalent inhibitors of the human 20S proteasome, we found that a novel tamoxifen derivative, RID-F (compound 6), inhibits all three protease activities of the proteasome at submicromolar levels. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that a RID-F analog (RID-F-S*4, compound 25) is the smallest derivative compound capable of inhibiting proteasome activity, with a potency similar to that of RID-F. Kinetic analyses of the inhibition mode and competition experiments involving biotin-belactosin A (a proteasome inhibitor) binding indicated that the RID-F derivatives interact with the protease subunits in a different manner. Culturing of human cells with these compounds resulted in accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and induction of apoptosis. Thus, the RID-F derivatives may be useful lead chemicals for the generation of a new class of proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hasegawa
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan.
| | - Yukari Yasuda
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Kenya Nakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Eri Umeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yanwen Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Chihiro Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shoko Uetake
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kunoh
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Masafumi Shionyu
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Sasaki
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Isamu Shiina
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Tamio Mizukami
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
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15
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Wei D, Fang L, Tang M, Zhan CG. Fundamental reaction pathway for peptide metabolism by proteasome: insights from first-principles quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical free energy calculations. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13418-34. [PMID: 24111489 DOI: 10.1021/jp405337v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Proteasome is the major component of the crucial non-lysosomal protein degradation pathway in the cells, but the detailed reaction pathway is unclear. In this study, first-principles quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical free energy calculations have been performed to explore, for the first time, possible reaction pathways for proteasomal proteolysis/hydrolysis of a representative peptide, succinyl-leucyl-leucyl-valyl-tyrosyl-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (Suc-LLVY-AMC). The computational results reveal that the most favorable reaction pathway consists of six steps. The first is a water-assisted proton transfer within proteasome, activating Thr1-O(γ). The second is a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of a Tyr residue of substrate by the negatively charged Thr1-O(γ), followed by the dissociation of the amine AMC (third step). The fourth step is a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of the Tyr residue of substrate by a water molecule, accompanied by a proton transfer from the water molecule to Thr1-N(z). Then, Suc-LLVY is dissociated (fifth step), and Thr1 is regenerated via a direct proton transfer from Thr1-N(z) to Thr1-O(γ). According to the calculated energetic results, the overall reaction energy barrier of the proteasomal hydrolysis is associated with the transition state (TS3(b)) for the third step involving a water-assisted proton transfer. The determined most favorable reaction pathway and the rate-determining step have provided a reasonable interpretation of the reported experimental observations concerning the substituent and isotopic effects on the kinetics. The calculated overall free energy barrier of 18.2 kcal/mol is close to the experimentally derived activation free energy of ∼18.3-19.4 kcal/mol, suggesting that the computational results are reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University , 75 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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16
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Ozcan S, Kazi A, Marsilio F, Fang B, Guida WC, Koomen J, Lawrence HR, Sebti SM. Oxadiazole-isopropylamides as potent and noncovalent proteasome inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3783-805. [PMID: 23547706 DOI: 10.1021/jm400221d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Screening of the 50000 ChemBridge compound library led to the identification of the oxadiazole-isopropylamide 1 (PI-1833) which inhibited chymotrypsin-like (CT-L) activity (IC50 = 0.60 μM) with little effects on the other two major proteasome proteolytic activities, trypsin-like (T-L) and postglutamyl-peptide-hydrolysis-like (PGPH-L). LC-MS/MS and dialysis show that 1 is a noncovalent and rapidly reversible CT-L inhibitor. Focused library synthesis provided 11ad (PI-1840) with CT-L activity (IC50 = 27 nM). Detailed SAR studies indicate that the amide moiety and the two phenyl rings are sensitive toward modifications. Hydrophobic residues, such as propyl or butyl in the para position (not ortho or meta) of the A-ring and a m-pyridyl group as B-ring, significantly improve activity. Compound 11ad (IC50 = 0.37 μM) is more potent than 1 (IC50 = 3.5 μM) at inhibiting CT-L activity in intact MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cells and inhibiting their survival. The activity of 11ad warrants further preclinical investigation of this class as noncovalent proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Ozcan
- Drug Discovery Department, Moffitt Cancer Center , 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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17
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Desvergne A, Genin E, Maréchal X, Gallastegui N, Dufau L, Richy N, Groll M, Vidal J, Reboud-Ravaux M. Dimerized Linear Mimics of a Natural Cyclopeptide (TMC-95A) Are Potent Noncovalent Inhibitors of the Eukaryotic 20S Proteasome. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3367-78. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4002007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Desvergne
- Enzymologie
Moléculaire
et Fonctionnelle, UR4, University Paris 6, Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, Case 256, 7 Quai
Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Emilie Genin
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Université de Rennes 1, CNRS-UMR 6510, Bâtiment
10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Maréchal
- Enzymologie
Moléculaire
et Fonctionnelle, UR4, University Paris 6, Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, Case 256, 7 Quai
Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Nerea Gallastegui
- Center for Integrated Protein
Science, Department Chemie Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Lichetenbergstrasse
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Laure Dufau
- Enzymologie
Moléculaire
et Fonctionnelle, UR4, University Paris 6, Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, Case 256, 7 Quai
Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Nicolas Richy
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Université de Rennes 1, CNRS-UMR 6510, Bâtiment
10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Michael Groll
- Center for Integrated Protein
Science, Department Chemie Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Lichetenbergstrasse
4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Joëlle Vidal
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Université de Rennes 1, CNRS-UMR 6510, Bâtiment
10A, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Enzymologie
Moléculaire
et Fonctionnelle, UR4, University Paris 6, Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, Case 256, 7 Quai
Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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18
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Chen R, Liu H, Liu X, Chen X. An efficient synthesis of l-3,4,5-trioxygenated phenylalanine compounds from l-tyrosine. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Wei D, Lei B, Tang M, Zhan CG. Fundamental reaction pathway and free energy profile for inhibition of proteasome by Epoxomicin. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10436-50. [PMID: 22697787 DOI: 10.1021/ja3006463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
First-principles quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical free energy calculations have been performed to provide the first detailed computational study on the possible mechanisms for reaction of proteasome with a representative peptide inhibitor, Epoxomicin (EPX). The calculated results reveal that the most favorable reaction pathway consists of five steps. The first is a proton transfer process, activating Thr1-O(γ) directly by Thr1-N(z) to form a zwitterionic intermediate. The next step is nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon of EPX by the negatively charged Thr1-O(γ) atom, followed by a proton transfer from Thr1-N(z) to the carbonyl oxygen of EPX (third step). Then, Thr1-N(z) attacks on the carbon of the epoxide group of EPX, accompanied by the epoxide ring-opening (S(N)2 nucleophilic substitution) such that a zwitterionic morpholino ring is formed between residue Thr1 and EPX. Finally, the product of morpholino ring is generated via another proton transfer. Noteworthy, Thr1-O(γ) can be activated directly by Thr1-N(z) to form the zwitterionic intermediate (with a free energy barrier of only 9.9 kcal/mol), and water cannot assist the rate-determining step, which is remarkably different from the previous perception that a water molecule should mediate the activation process. The fourth reaction step has the highest free energy barrier (23.6 kcal/mol) which is reasonably close to the activation free energy (∼21-22 kcal/mol) derived from experimental kinetic data. The obtained novel mechanistic insights should be valuable for not only future rational design of more efficient proteasome inhibitors but also understanding the general reaction mechanism of proteasome with a peptide or protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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Maréchal X, Pujol A, Richy N, Genin E, Basse N, Reboud-Ravaux M, Vidal J. Noncovalent inhibition of 20S proteasome by pegylated dimerized inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 52:322-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kisselev AF, van der Linden WA, Overkleeft HS. Proteasome inhibitors: an expanding army attacking a unique target. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:99-115. [PMID: 22284358 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteasomes are large, multisubunit proteolytic complexes presenting multiple targets for therapeutic intervention. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteolytic core and one or two 19S regulatory particles. The 20S core contains three types of active sites. Many structurally diverse inhibitors of these active sites, both natural product and synthetic, have been discovered in the last two decades. One, bortezomib, is used clinically for treatment of multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma, and acute allograft rejection. Five more recently developed proteasome inhibitors are in trials for treatment of myeloma and other cancers. Proteasome inhibitors also have activity in animal models of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, reperfusion injury, promote bone and hair growth, and can potentially be used as anti-infectives. In addition, inhibitors of ATPases and deubiquitinases of 19S regulatory particles have been discovered in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei F Kisselev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
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22
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Franceschini C, Trapella C, Sforza F, Gavioli R, Marastoni M. Synthesis and biological properties of C-terminal vinyl ketone pseudotripeptides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2012; 28:560-4. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.657189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Franceschini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara,
Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Trapella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara,
Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Sforza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara,
Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gavioli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara,
Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Marastoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara,
Ferrara, Italy
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23
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Blackburn C, Barrett C, Blank JL, Bruzzese FJ, Bump N, Dick LR, Fleming P, Garcia K, Hales P, Jones M, Liu JX, Nagayoshi M, Sappal DS, Sintchak MD, Tsu C, Xia C, Zhou X, Gigstad KM. Optimization of a series of dipeptides with a P3 β-neopentyl asparagine residue as non-covalent inhibitors of the chymotrypsin-like activity of human 20S proteasome. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20060k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Lallemand B, Chaix F, Bury M, Bruyère C, Ghostin J, Becker JP, Delporte C, Gelbcke M, Mathieu V, Dubois J, Prévost M, Jabin I, Kiss R. N-(2-{3-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ureido}ethyl)-glycyrrhetinamide (6b): A Novel Anticancer Glycyrrhetinic Acid Derivative that Targets the Proteasome and Displays Anti-Kinase Activity. J Med Chem 2011; 54:6501-13. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200285z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lallemand
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabien Chaix
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marina Bury
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Bruyère
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean Ghostin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Becker
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cédric Delporte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Gelbcke
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Dubois
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Prévost
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Jabin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioanalytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée, ‡Laboratoire de Toxicologie, and #Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), and §Laboratoire de Chimie Organique and ⊥Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
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Lyubimov SE, Petrovskii PV, Rastorguev EA, Davankov VA. Asymmetric hydrogenation of methyl (Z)-2-acetamido-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate catalyzed by Rh complexes with available amidophosphite ligands. Russ Chem Bull 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-010-0309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Krunic A, Vallat A, Mo S, Lantvit DD, Swanson SM, Orjala J. Scytonemides A and B, cyclic peptides with 20S proteasome inhibitory activity from the cultured cyanobacterium Scytonema hofmanii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:1927-32. [PMID: 21058727 PMCID: PMC3074188 DOI: 10.1021/np100600z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two cyclic peptides, scytonemides A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the cultured fresh water cyanobacterium Scytonema hofmannii (UTEX 1834) by bioassay-guided fractionation using a proteasome inhibition assay. The planar structures of the compounds were determined by a combination of MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The advanced Marfey's method was used to determine the absolute configuration of both peptides. Scytonemide A possesses an unusual imino linkage, while scytonemide B is a depsipeptide containing 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid in the macrocycle. Both isolates were evaluated for their inhibition of the 20S proteasome, and scytonemide A displayed an IC(50) value of 96 nM, while scytonemide B was inactive at 50 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jimmy Orjala
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel 1-312-996-5583. Fax: 1-312-413-4034.
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27
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Blackburn C, Barrett C, Blank JL, Bruzzese FJ, Bump N, Dick LR, Fleming P, Garcia K, Hales P, Hu Z, Jones M, Liu JX, Sappal DS, Sintchak MD, Tsu C, Gigstad KM. Optimization of a series of dipeptides with a P3 threonine residue as non-covalent inhibitors of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the human 20S proteasome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6581-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Characterization of a new series of non-covalent proteasome inhibitors with exquisite potency and selectivity for the 20S beta5-subunit. Biochem J 2010; 430:461-76. [PMID: 20632995 PMCID: PMC2933030 DOI: 10.1042/bj20100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian 26S proteasome is a 2500 kDa multi-catalytic complex involved in intracellular protein degradation. We describe the synthesis and properties of a novel series of non-covalent di-peptide inhibitors of the proteasome used on a capped tri-peptide that was first identified by high-throughput screening of a library of approx. 350000 compounds for inhibitors of the ubiquitin–proteasome system in cells. We show that these compounds are entirely selective for the β5 (chymotrypsin-like) site over the β1 (caspase-like) and β2 (trypsin-like) sites of the 20S core particle of the proteasome, and over a panel of less closely related proteases. Compound optimization, guided by X-ray crystallography of the liganded 20S core particle, confirmed their non-covalent binding mode and provided a structural basis for their enhanced in vitro and cellular potencies. We demonstrate that such compounds show low nanomolar IC50 values for the human 20S β5 site in vitro, and that pharmacological inhibition of this site in cells is sufficient to potently inhibit the degradation of a tetra-ubiquitin–luciferase reporter, activation of NFκB (nuclear factor κB) in response to TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor-α) and the proliferation of cancer cells. Finally, we identified capped di-peptides that show differential selectivity for the β5 site of the constitutively expressed proteasome and immunoproteasome in vitro and in B-cell lymphomas. Collectively, these studies describe the synthesis, activity and binding mode of a new series of non-covalent proteasome inhibitors with unprecedented potency and selectivity for the β5 site, and which can discriminate between the constitutive proteasome and immunoproteasome in vitro and in cells.
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29
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Semi-high throughput method of measuring proteasome inhibition in vitro and in cultured cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2010; 27:123-31. [PMID: 20853140 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-010-9175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome-proteolytic pathway has emerged as one of the most significant pathways in modulating protein homeostasis under both normal and disease states. The use of proteasome inhibitors (PI) has played a pivotal role in understanding protein turn over. The main objective of this work was to develop a comprehensive, fast, and reliable, yet simple in vitro assay that would allow for the identification and characterization of a wide range of PIs. The assays consist of a 96-well plate high throughput (HTP) method to assess proteasome activity in Hs578T breast cancer cell extracts, purified 20S proteasome, using a fluorogenic substrate, Suc-leu-leu-val-tyr-7-AMC, specific to the chymotrypsin-like enzymatic activity of the proteasome. We showed that the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome was inhibited in the two in vitro systems, albeit to different degrees. The assay system also includes two cell-based assays consisting of a vector expressing a fusion protein of green fluorescent protein (gfp) and Mouse Ornithine Decarboxylase (MODC) in Zs578T (parental Hs578T carrying the vector that expresses the fusion protein). In the cell-based assay analyses (qualitatively by microscopy and quantitatively by flow cytometry), treatment of Zs578T with PIs prevented the degradation of MODC, accumulated gfp, indicative of increased proteasome inhibition. Because no single assay represents a definitive proof of proteasome inhibitory activity, combined, these assays should serve as a comprehensive benchmark for the identification and partial characterization of novel inhibitors. In summary, the four-step assay protocol can easily be adapted into a high throughput format to rapidly screen unknown inhibitors.
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Baldisserotto A, Franceschini C, Scalambra F, Trapella C, Marastoni M, Sforza F, Gavioli R, Tomatis R. Synthesis and proteasome inhibition of N-allyl vinyl ester-based peptides. J Pept Sci 2010; 16:659-63. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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31
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Proteasome inhibitors: Dozens of molecules and still counting. Biochimie 2010; 92:1530-45. [PMID: 20615448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the proteasome in the late 80's as the core protease of what will be then called the ubiquitin-proteasome system, rapidly followed by the development of specific inhibitors of this enzyme, opened up a new era in biology in the 90's. Indeed, the first proteasome inhibitors were instrumental for understanding that the proteasome is a key actor in most, if not all, cellular processes. The recognition of the central role of this complex in intracellular proteolysis in turn fuelled an intense quest for novel compounds with both increased selectivity towards the proteasome and better bioavailability that could be used in fundamental research or in the clinic. To date, a plethora of molecules that target the proteasome have been identified or designed. The success of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (Velcade(®)) as a new drug for the treatment of Multiple Myeloma, and the ongoing clinical trials to evaluate the effect of several other proteasome inhibitors in various human pathologies, illustrate the interest for human health of these compounds.
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Basse N, Montes M, Maréchal X, Qin L, Bouvier-Durand M, Genin E, Vidal J, Villoutreix BO, Reboud-Ravaux M. Novel Organic Proteasome Inhibitors Identified by Virtual and in Vitro Screening. J Med Chem 2009; 53:509-13. [DOI: 10.1021/jm9011092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Basse
- Enzymologie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle, UR4, UPMC-Université de Paris 6, Case 256, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Matthieu Montes
- Inserm UMR-S 973, Molécules Thérapeutiques in Silico, Université Paris Diderot, 35 rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Maréchal
- Enzymologie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle, UR4, UPMC-Université de Paris 6, Case 256, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Lixian Qin
- Enzymologie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle, UR4, UPMC-Université de Paris 6, Case 256, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Michelle Bouvier-Durand
- Enzymologie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle, UR4, UPMC-Université de Paris 6, Case 256, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Emilie Genin
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, CNRS-UMR 6510, Université de Rennes 1, Campus Beaulieu, Bât. 10A, case 1012, CS 74205, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Joëlle Vidal
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, CNRS-UMR 6510, Université de Rennes 1, Campus Beaulieu, Bât. 10A, case 1012, CS 74205, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Bruno O. Villoutreix
- Inserm UMR-S 973, Molécules Thérapeutiques in Silico, Université Paris Diderot, 35 rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Enzymologie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle, UR4, UPMC-Université de Paris 6, Case 256, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Baldisserotto A, Marastoni M, Gavioli R, Tomatis R. New cyclic peptide proteasome inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1966-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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35
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Formicola L, Maréchal X, Basse N, Bouvier-Durand M, Bonnet-Delpon D, Milcent T, Reboud-Ravaux M, Ongeri S. Novel fluorinated pseudopeptides as proteasome inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:83-6. [PMID: 19041239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 11/02/2008] [Accepted: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Formicola
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud 11, UMR-CNRS 8076, Molécules Fluorées et Chimie Médicinale, IFR 141, Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
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36
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C-terminal constrained phenylalanine as a pharmacophoric unit in peptide-based proteasome inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:1403-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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37
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Baldisserotto A, Marastoni M, Fiorini S, Pretto L, Ferretti V, Gavioli R, Tomatis R. Vinyl ester-based cyclic peptide proteasome inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1849-54. [PMID: 18294845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 02/06/2008] [Accepted: 02/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The 20S proteasome is a multicatalytic protease complex responsible for the degradation of many proteins in mammalian cells. Specific inhibition of proteasome enzymatic subunits represents a topic of great interest for the development of new drug therapies. Following our previous development of a new class of peptide-based inhibitors bearing a C-terminal vinyl ester residue as a pharmacophoric unit that are able to interact with the catalytic threonine, we report here the synthesis and biological properties of a new series of vinyl ester cyclopeptide analogues. Some of these derivatives were shown to inhibit the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome at nanomolar concentration and their potency was found to depend on the size of the tetrapeptidic cyclic portion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy
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Towards the control of intracellular protein turnover: mitochondrial Lon protease inhibitors versus proteasome inhibitors. Biochimie 2007; 90:260-9. [PMID: 18021745 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2007.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2007] [Accepted: 10/19/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cellular protein homeostasis results from the combination of protein biogenesis processes and protein quality control mechanisms, which contribute to the functional state of cells under normal and stress conditions. Proteolysis constitutes the final step by which short-lived, misfolded and damaged intracellular proteins are eliminated. Protein turnover and oxidatively modified protein degradation are mainly achieved by the proteasome in the cytosol and nucleus of eukaryotic cells while several ATP-dependent proteases including the matrix protease Lon take part in the mitochondrial protein degradation. Moreover, Lon protease seems to play a major role in the elimination of oxidatively modified proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. Specific inhibitors are commonly used to assess cellular functions of proteolytic systems as well as to identify their protein substrates. Here, we present and discuss known proteasome and Lon protease inhibitors. To date, very few inhibitors of Lon have been described and no specific inhibitors of this protease are available. The current knowledge on both catalytic mechanisms and inhibitors of these two proteases is first described and attempts to define specific non-peptidic inhibitors of the human Lon protease are presented.
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Basse N, Piguel S, Papapostolou D, Ferrier-Berthelot A, Richy N, Pagano M, Sarthou P, Sobczak-Thépot J, Reboud-Ravaux M, Vidal J. Linear TMC-95-Based Proteasome Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2007; 50:2842-50. [PMID: 17511440 DOI: 10.1021/jm0701324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have designed and evaluated 45 linear analogues of the natural constrained cyclopeptide TMC-95A. These synthetically less demanding molecules are based on the tripeptide sequence Y-N-W of TMC-95A. Structural variations in the amino acid side chains and termini greatly influenced both the efficiency and selectivity of action on a given type of active site. Inhibition constants were submicromolar (Ki approximately 300 nM) despite the absence of the entropically favorable constrained conformation that is characteristic of TMC-95A and its cyclic analogues. These linear compounds were readily prepared and reasonably stable in culture medium and could be optimized to inhibit one, two, or all three proteasome catalytic sites. Cytotoxicity assays performed on a series of human tumor cell lines identified the most potent inhibitors in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Basse
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle, FRE 2852, CNRS, Université de Paris VI, Institut Jacques Monod, T43, 2 Place Jussieu, F 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France
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40
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Baldisserotto A, Marastoni M, Trapella C, Gavioli R, Ferretti V, Pretto L, Tomatis R. Glutamine vinyl ester proteasome inhibitors selective for trypsin-like (β2) subunit. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 42:586-92. [PMID: 17291631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the study of a new series of peptide-based proteasome inhibitors with a vinyl ester moiety at C-terminal. The presence of Tic, a rigid analogue of phenylalanine, in the central portion of some derivatives is not favourable for the activity. The best analogue of the series shows a potent and selective inhibition for the beta2 subunit and good enzymatic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, Ferrara, Italy
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41
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Imbach P, Lang M, García-Echeverría C, Guagnano V, Noorani M, Roesel J, Bitsch F, Rihs G, Furet P. Novel beta-lactam derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the human 20S proteasome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 17:358-62. [PMID: 17095212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2006] [Revised: 10/19/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A series of beta-lactam derivatives has been designed and synthesized to inhibit the chymotrypsin-like activity of the human 20S proteasome. The most potent compounds of this new structural class of beta-subunit selective 20S proteasome inhibitors exhibit IC50 values in the low-nanomolar range and show good selectivity over the trypsin-like and post-glutamyl-peptide hydrolytic activities of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Imbach
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, WKL-136.4.25, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.
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42
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Marastoni M, Baldisserotto A, Trapella C, Gavioli R, Tomatis R. P3 and P4 position analysis of vinyl ester pseudopeptide proteasome inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:3125-30. [PMID: 16603348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Revised: 03/20/2006] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Two small libraries of tripeptidic-based vinyl ester derivative proteasome inhibitors were synthesized and tested, starting with the Hmb-Val-Gln-Leu-VE prototype. The P3 and P4 positions were investigated with a complete set of amino acid residues, some of which showed remarkable selective inhibition of the trypsin-like (beta2) subunit. In both positions, aromatic and hydrophobic residues were preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Marastoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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43
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Marastoni M, Baldisserotto A, Trapella C, Gavioli R, Tomatis R. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new vinyl ester pseudotripeptide proteasome inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2006; 41:978-84. [PMID: 16713026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/23/2006] [Accepted: 04/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the synthesis and biological activities of new tripeptidic-based vinyl ester derivative proteasome inhibitors. Starting from Hmb-Val-Ser-Leu-VE prototype, we investigated P2 position and N-terminal substitution. The more effective inhibitors of the series showed remarkable inhibition and selectivity for the trypsin-like (beta2) subunit and were revealed to be specific for the proteasome. In vitro metabolic stability studies of the new vinyl ester analogues are also reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Marastoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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44
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Basse N, Papapostolou D, Pagano M, Reboud-Ravaux M, Bernard E, Felten AS, Vanderesse R. Development of lipopeptides for inhibiting 20S proteasomes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:3277-81. [PMID: 16630721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2006] [Accepted: 03/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Proteasomes are responsible for the cytoplasmic turnover of the vast majority of proteins including regulatory proteins. We have synthesized lipopeptides a new class of non-covalent inhibitors of the 20S proteasome and assayed their inhibitory capacities. Their ability to inhibit at micromolar concentrations chymotrypsin-like and post-acid activities depends on peptide length (3 or 6 amino acids), sequence (presence of a positively or negatively charged amino acid), and alkyl chain length (C6-C18). These structural features could be varied to selectively inhibit one or more of the three proteasome activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Basse
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle, FRE2852, CNRS-Université Paris VI, Institut Jacques Monod, T43, 2 Place Jussieu, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France
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45
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Laumen K, Ghisalba O. Easy Access to Enantiomerically Pure Nonproteinogenic Amino Acids. Eng Life Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200620905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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46
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García-Echeverría C. Peptide and Peptide-Like Modulators of 20S Proteasome Enzymatic Activity in Cancer Cells. Int J Pept Res Ther 2006; 12:49-64. [PMID: 19617921 PMCID: PMC2710986 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-005-9001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the degradation of critical intracellular regulatory proteins suggested a few years ago the potential use of proteasome inhibitors as novel therapeutic agents being applicable in many different disease indications, and in particular for cancer therapy. This article reviews recent salient medicinal chemistry achievements in the design, synthesis, and biological characterization of both synthetic and natural peptide-like proteasome inhibitors, updating recent reviews on this class of agents. As shown herein, different compound classes are capable of modulating the subunit-specific proteolytic activities of the 20S proteasome in ways not previously possible, and one of them, bortezomib, has provided proof-of-concept for this therapeutic approach in cancer clinical settings.
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47
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Williams SP, Kuyper LF, Pearce KH. Recent applications of protein crystallography and structure-guided drug design. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2005; 9:371-80. [PMID: 16006182 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2005] [Accepted: 06/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Technological advances to increase the throughput of purified protein production and co-crystallization of target proteins with small molecules have helped to solidify the role that structure via crystallography has on drug discovery. Visualization of how drug-like molecules bind to the target protein is a key step in driving follow-up or preclinical chemistry to improve characteristics of the molecule. Using structural information to guide small-molecule design and generate new chemical ideas is now a mainstay in the drug discovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn P Williams
- Department of Computational, Analytical and Structural Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline Discovery Research, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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48
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Marastoni M, Baldisserotto A, Cellini S, Gavioli R, Tomatis R. Peptidyl vinyl ester derivatives: new class of selective inhibitors of proteasome trypsin-like activity. J Med Chem 2005; 48:5038-42. [PMID: 16033282 DOI: 10.1021/jm040905d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which plays a central role in intracellular protein degradation. We report here the synthesis and biological activities of a new class of specific proteasome inhibitors selective for trypsin-like activity. These tripeptide-based compounds bearing a C-terminal vinyl ester are nontoxic, and do not affect cell proliferation, but are able to modulate the generation and presentation of immunogenic peptides presented by MHC class I molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Marastoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Centre, University of Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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