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2-Cyclopropyl-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,2-d][1,3,2]diazaborinin-4(1H)-one. MOLBANK 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/m1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of our ongoing scaffold hopping work on antimalarial 2-aminothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-one scaffold, we explored the dihydrothieno[3,2-d][1,3,2]diazaborinin-4(1H)-one as a potential new antimalarial series. Using conditions found in the literature, we obtained 2-cyclopropyl-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,2-d][1,3,2]diazaborinin-4(1H)-one with 93% yield through a simple treatment. It was then characterized by NMR (1H and 13C) and HRMS. Given the structure of this molecule, its aqueous stability was assessed to determine its suitability for biological tests. To our knowledge, this is the first dihydrothieno[3,2-d][1,3,2]diazaborinin-4(1H)-one described.
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2
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Massari S, Bertagnin C, Pismataro MC, Donnadio A, Nannetti G, Felicetti T, Di Bona S, Nizi MG, Tensi L, Manfroni G, Loza MI, Sabatini S, Cecchetti V, Brea J, Goracci L, Loregian A, Tabarrini O. Synthesis and characterization of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide-based compounds targeting the PA-PB1 interface of influenza A virus polymerase. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112944. [PMID: 33328103 PMCID: PMC7561591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Influenza viruses (Flu) are responsible for seasonal epidemics causing high rates of morbidity, which can dramatically increase during severe pandemic outbreaks. Antiviral drugs are an indispensable weapon to treat infected people and reduce the impact on human health, nevertheless anti-Flu armamentarium still remains inadequate. In search for new anti-Flu drugs, our group has focused on viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) developing disruptors of PA-PB1 subunits interface with the best compounds characterized by cycloheptathiophene-3-carboxamide and 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxamide scaffolds. By merging these moieties, two very interesting hybrid compounds were recently identified, starting from which, in this paper, a series of analogues were designed and synthesized. In particular, a thorough exploration of the cycloheptathiophene-3-carboxamide moiety led to acquire important SAR insight and identify new active compounds showing both the ability to inhibit PA-PB1 interaction and viral replication in the micromolar range and at non-toxic concentrations. For few compounds, the ability to efficiently inhibit PA-PB1 subunits interaction did not translate into anti-Flu activity. Chemical/physical properties were investigated for a couple of compounds suggesting that the low solubility of compound 14, due to a strong crystal lattice, may have impaired its antiviral activity. Finally, computational studies performed on compound 23, in which the phenyl ring suitably replaced the cycloheptathiophene, suggested that, in addition to hydrophobic interactions, H-bonds enhanced its binding within the PAC cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Massari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Bertagnin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Anna Donnadio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulio Nannetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | - Tommaso Felicetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Bona
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Nizi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Tensi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Manfroni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Isabel Loza
- CIMUS Research Center, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Stefano Sabatini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Violetta Cecchetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jose Brea
- CIMUS Research Center, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Goracci
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Arianna Loregian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | - Oriana Tabarrini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
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3
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Mansour H, Khodair AI, Elsiginy SM, Elghanam AE. Design, synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of Thieno[2,3-b]pyridines-chitosan nanocomposites as drug delivery systems for colon targeting. Carbohydr Res 2020; 492:107990. [PMID: 32259706 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.107990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives DATPa-c have been synthesized based on Thorpe-Ziegler Cyclization. The reaction of arylidene malononitrile derivatives (Ia-c) with thiocyanoacetamide (II) in basic medium (piperidine) followed by alkylation using ethyl chloroacetate and finally, cyclization in sodium ethoxide yielded DATPa-c. Thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-chitosan nanocomposites CS-DATPa-c were prepared from the DATPa-c and CS nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). CS-DATPa-c nanocomposites were characterized using FTIR, TEM and XRD techniques and showed a relatively narrow size distribution of monodispersed nanoparticles with the average size of 14-78 nm. The in vitro release studies of CS-DAΤPa-c nanocomposites were investigated and showed that the drug release rate is pH-dependent and the trend is as follows: basic > neutral > acidic. The faster release rate in basic medium effectively prolongs drug delivery in gastric pH. Additionally, the antibacterial investigation showed that DATPa-c and CS-DATPa-c nanocomposites exhibited antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but CS-DATPa-c nanocomposites showed much higher antibacterial activity compared to the DATPa-c, which in agreement with the particle size measurements as DATPa-c are in the bulky structure whereas, CS-DATPa-c are in the nanostructure. The results may have applications of drug design for colon targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed I Khodair
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Samia M Elsiginy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Amal E Elghanam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
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4
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Zhu X, Chen Q, Yang Y, Ai X, Chen S, Song Y. Synthesis and anti-inflammatory effects of novel emodin derivatives bearing azole moieties. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 353:e1900264. [PMID: 31886579 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Twelve azole derivatives of emodin were designed to possess anti-inflammatory activity and synthesized via a two-step sequence composed of the Williamson ether reaction and N-alkylation. The anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells by measuring lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production. The introduction of imidazole and four carbons into the scaffold of emodin led to the discovery of the potent compound 7e, which showed the best inhibition of NO production among twelve analogs. In our experiential setting, the IC50 of compound 7e in NO production is 1.35 µM, which is lower than that of indomethacin. Mechanically, compound 7e effectively inhibited the protein and messenger RNA expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible NO synthase, as well as that of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6, and the cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Compound 7e exerted inhibitory effects on the nuclear factor κB pathway by reducing the LPS-induced phosphorylation of the inhibitor of NF-κB and the nuclear translation of p-p65. These results suggest the potential of compound 7e in improving inflammatory conditions and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujin Yang
- Research and Development Center, Chongqing Huapont Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chongqing, China
| | - Xixi Ai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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5
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Salem ME, Ahmed AA, Darweesh AF, Kühn O, Elwahy AH. Synthesis and DFT calculations of 2-thioxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile as versatile precursors for novel pharmacophoric hybrid molecules. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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6
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Li Y, Luo X, Shao Y, Chen L. 2-Acetylthienopyridine Synthesis via Thiolation and Copper-Catalyzed Cyclization of o-Propynol Fluoropyridine Using Xanthate as a Thiol Surrogate. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8768-8774. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yibiao Li
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, P. R. China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, P. R. China
| | - Yan Shao
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, P. R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, P. R. China
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7
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Mohamed MS, Mansour YE, Amin HK, El-Araby ME. Molecular modelling insights into a physiologically favourable approach to eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibition through novel thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:755-767. [PMID: 29651867 PMCID: PMC6009894 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1457657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, we exploited derivatives of thieno[2,3-b]pyridine as dual inhibitors of the key enzymes in eicosanoid biosynthesis, cyclooxygenase (COX, subtypes 1 and 2) and 5-lipoxygensase (5-LOX). Testing these compounds in a rat paw oedema model revealed potency higher than ibuprofen. The most active compounds 7a, 7b, 8b, and 8c were screened against COX-1/2 and 5-LOX enzymes. Compound 7a was the most powerful inhibitor of 5-LOX with IC50 = 0.15 µM, while its p-chloro analogue 7b was more active against COX-2 (IC50 = 7.5 µM). The less desirable target COX-1 was inhibited more potently by 8c with IC50 = 7.7 µM. Surflex docking programme predicted that the more stable anti- conformer of compound (7a) formed a favourable complex with the active site of 5-LOX but not COX-1. This is in contrast to the binding mode of 8c, which resembles the syn-conformer of series 7 and binds favourably to COX-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosaad S Mohamed
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Yara E Mansour
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Hatem K Amin
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Moustafa E El-Araby
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
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8
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Han T, Wang Y, Li HL, Luo X, Deng WP. Synthesis of Polysubstituted 3-Aminothiophenes from Thioamides and Allenes via Tandem Thio-Michael Addition/Oxidative Annulation and 1,2-Sulfur Migration. J Org Chem 2018; 83:1538-1542. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Han
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key
Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key
Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hong-Liang Li
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key
Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key
Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei-Ping Deng
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key
Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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9
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Identification and Optimization of Thienopyridine Carboxamides as Inhibitors of HIV Regulatory Complexes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.02366-16. [PMID: 28416550 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02366-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral regulatory complexes perform critical functions during virus replication and are important targets for therapeutic intervention. In HIV, the Tat and Rev proteins form complexes with multiple viral and cellular factors to direct transcription and export of the viral RNA. These complexes are composed of many proteins and are dynamic, making them difficult to fully recapitulate in vitro Therefore, we developed a cell-based reporter assay to monitor the assembly of viral complexes for inhibitor screening. We screened a small-molecule library and identified multiple hits that inhibit the activity of the viral complexes. A subsequent chemistry effort was focused on a thieno[2,3-b]pyridine scaffold, examples of which inhibited HIV replication and the emergence from viral latency. Notable aspects of the effort to determine the structure-activity relationship (SAR) include migration to the regioisomeric thieno[2,3-c]pyridine ring system and the identification of analogs with single-digit nanomolar activity in both reporter and HIV infectivity assays, an improvement of >100-fold in potency over the original hits. These results validate the screening strategy employed and reveal a promising lead series for the development of a new class of HIV therapeutics.
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Al-Sha'er MA, Almazari IS, Taha MO. Discovery of novel potent nuclear factor kappa-B inhibitors (IKK-β) via extensive ligand-based modeling and virtual screening. J Mol Recognit 2016; 30. [PMID: 28008665 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitor kappa-B kinase-beta (IKK-β) controls the activation of nuclear transcription factor kappa-B and has been linked to inflammation and cancer. Therefore, inhibitors of this kinase should have potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Accordingly, we explored the pharmacophoric space of 218 IKK-β inhibitors to identify high-quality binding models. Subsequently, genetic algorithm-based quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis was employed to select the best possible combination of pharmacophoric models and physicochemical descriptors that explain bioactivity variation among training compounds. Three successful pharmacophores emerged in 2 optimal QSAR equations (r12175 = 0.733, r12LOO = 0.52, F1 = 65.62, r12PRESS against 43 test inhibitors = 0.63 and r22175 = 0.683, r22LOO = 0.52, F2 = 72.66, r22PRESS against 43 test inhibitors = 0.65). Two pharmacophores were merged in a single binding model. Receiver operating characteristic curve validation proved the excellent qualities of this model. The merged pharmacophore and the associated QSAR equations were applied to screen the National Cancer Institute list of compounds. Ten hits were found to exhibit potent anti-IKK-β bioactivity, out of which, one illustrates IC50 of 11.0nM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mutasem O Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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11
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Abdurakhmanova ER, Lukashuk EI, Golovchenko AV, Brovarets VS. Synthesis and properties of 4-phosphorylated derivatives of 5-hydroxyalkylamino-1,3-oxazoles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363216070094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Latli B, Eriksson M, Hrapchak M, Busacca CA, Senanayake CH. A potent IκB kinase-β inhibitor labeled with carbon-14 and deuterium. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:300-4. [PMID: 27073120 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
3-Amino-4-(1,1-difluoro-propyl)-6-(4-methanesulfonyl-piperidin-1-yl)-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid amide (1) is a potent IκB Kinase-β (IKK-β) inhibitor. The efficient preparations of this compound labeled with carbon-14 and deuterium are described. The carbon-14 synthesis was accomplished in six radiochemical steps in 25% overall yield. The key transformations were the modified Guareschi-Thorpe condensation of 2-cyano-(14) C-acetamide and a keto-ester followed by chlorination to 2,6-dichloropyridine derivative in one pot. The isolated dichloropyridine was then converted in three steps in one pot to [(14) C]-(1). The carbon-14 labeled (1) was isolated with a specific activity of 54.3 mCi/mmol and radiochemical purity of 99.8%. The deuterium labeled (1) was obtained in eight steps and in 57% overall chemical yield using 4-hydroxypiperidine-2,2,3,3,4,5,5,6,6-(2) H9 . The final three steps of this synthesis were run in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bachir Latli
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT, 06877-0368, USA
| | - Magnus Eriksson
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT, 06877-0368, USA
| | - Matt Hrapchak
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT, 06877-0368, USA
| | - Carl A Busacca
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT, 06877-0368, USA
| | - Chris H Senanayake
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT, 06877-0368, USA
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Kim D, Kim YG, Seo JH, Shin KJ. Identification and characterization of potent, selective and metabolically stable IKKβ inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1120-3. [PMID: 26826731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported the identification of a rhodanine compound (1) with well-balanced inhibitory activity against IKKβ and collagen-induced TNFα activated cells. However, we need more optimized compounds because of its instability over plasma and microsome. As part of a program directed toward the optimization of IKKβ inhibitor, we modified a substituent of parent compound to a series of functional groups. Among substituted compounds, fluorine substituent (12) on the para position of phenyl ring restored the stability toward plasma and microsome while retaining inhibitory potency and selectivity against IKKβ over other kinases. Also, we have demonstrated that compound 12 is an ATP non-competitive inhibitor and safe enough to apply to animal experiment from an acute toxicity test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyeon Kim
- Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Gyeong Kim
- Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Seo
- Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Jung Shin
- Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea.
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Abdurakhmanova ER, Lukashuk EI, Golovchenko AV, Pil’o SG, Brovarets VS. N-methyl-D-glucamine-derived 4-substituted 1,3-oxazoles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363215040143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Thieno[2,3-b]pyridines--a new class of multidrug resistance (MDR) modulators. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5860-70. [PMID: 25311564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To identify new potent multidrug resistance modulators, we have synthesized a series of novel thieno[2,3-b]pyridines and furo[2,3-b]pyridines, and examined their structure-activity relationships. All synthesized compounds were tested to determine BCRP1, P-gp, and MRP1 inhibitor activity, and most potent MDR modulators were also screened for their toxicity, cytotoxicity and Ca(2+) channel antagonist activity. Among these compounds, thieno[2,3-b]pyridine (6r) was found to exhibit a potent P-gp inhibitory action with EC50 = 0.3 ± 0.2 μM, MRP1 inhibitory action with EC50 = 1.1 ± 0.1 μM and BCRP1 inhibitory action with EC50 = 0.2 ± 0.05 μM and may represent suitable candidate for further pharmacological studies.
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Pal S, Bhattacharjee A, Ali A, Mandal NC, Mandal SC, Pal M. Chronic inflammation and cancer: potential chemoprevention through nuclear factor kappa B and p53 mutual antagonism. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2014; 11:23. [PMID: 25152696 PMCID: PMC4142057 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-11-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κB) as a mechanism of host defense against infection and stress is the central mediator of inflammatory responses. A normal (acute) inflammatory response is activated on urgent basis and is auto-regulated. Chronic inflammation that results due to failure in the regulatory mechanism, however, is largely considered as a critical determinant in the initiation and progression of various forms of cancer. Mechanistically, NF- κB favors this process by inducing various genes responsible for cell survival, proliferation, migration, invasion while at the same time antagonizing growth regulators including tumor suppressor p53. It has been shown by various independent investigations that a down regulation of NF- κB activity directly, or indirectly through the activation of the p53 pathway reduces tumor growth substantially. Therefore, there is a huge effort driven by many laboratories to understand the NF- κB signaling pathways to intervene the function of this crucial player in inflammation and tumorigenesis in order to find an effective inhibitor directly, or through the p53 tumor suppressor. We discuss here on the role of NF- κB in chronic inflammation and cancer, highlighting mutual antagonism between NF- κB and p53 pathways in the process. We also discuss prospective pharmacological modulators of these two pathways, including those that were already tested to affect this mutual antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srabani Pal
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ashish Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur-713209, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | | | - Subhash C Mandal
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mahadeb Pal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
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17
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Kornienko AN, Pil’o SG, Prokopenko VM, Brovarets VS. Synthesis and properties of 2-substituted 5-chloro-1,3-oxazole-4-carboxamides. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363214060206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Dahlin JL, Walters MA. The essential roles of chemistry in high-throughput screening triage. Future Med Chem 2014; 6:1265-90. [PMID: 25163000 PMCID: PMC4465542 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly clear that academic high-throughput screening (HTS) and virtual HTS triage suffers from a lack of scientists trained in the art and science of early drug discovery chemistry. Many recent publications report the discovery of compounds by screening that are most likely artifacts or promiscuous bioactive compounds, and these results are not placed into the context of previous studies. For HTS to be most successful, it is our contention that there must exist an early partnership between biologists and medicinal chemists. Their combined skill sets are necessary to design robust assays and efficient workflows that will weed out assay artifacts, false positives, promiscuous bioactive compounds and intractable screening hits, efforts that ultimately give projects a better chance at identifying truly useful chemical matter. Expertise in medicinal chemistry, cheminformatics and purification sciences (analytical chemistry) can enhance the post-HTS triage process by quickly removing these problematic chemotypes from consideration, while simultaneously prioritizing the more promising chemical matter for follow-up testing. It is only when biologists and chemists collaborate effectively that HTS can manifest its full promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayme L Dahlin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael A Walters
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery & Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
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Discovery and structure–activity relationships study of novel thieno[2,3-b]pyridine analogues as hepatitis C virus inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:1581-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Nikkhoo AR, Miri R, Arianpour N, Firuzi O, Ebadi A, Salarian AA. Cytotoxic activity assessment and c-Src tyrosine kinase docking simulation of thieno[2,3-b] pyridine-based derivatives. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Liu H, Li Y, Wang XY, Wang B, He HY, Liu JY, Xiang ML, He J, Wu XH, Yang L. Synthesis, preliminary structure-activity relationships, and in vitro biological evaluation of 6-aryl-3-amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2349-52. [PMID: 23499235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, a series of 6-aryl-3-amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives exhibited potent antiproliferative activities and an unique hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-specific anticancer activity was also observed. In further anti-inflammatory research, thienopyridine derivative 1a showed potent inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production. So a series of thienopyridine analogues of 1a were synthesized and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activities. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) revealed that the most potent analogues 1f and 1o were identified as potent inhibitors of NO production with IC50 values of 3.30 and 3.24 μM, respectively. These results suggest that these 6-aryl-3-amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives might potentially constitute a novel class of anti-inflammatory agents, which require further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medicinal School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta Georgia 30322, United States
| | - James P. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta Georgia 30322, United States
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Braddock M. Cambridge Healthtech Institute's Third Annual Anti-inflammatories: Small Molecules Meeting, April 17 th– 18 th2012, San Diego, USA. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.707194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Braddock
- Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca R&D, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG England, UK
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24
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Duffy BC, Zhu L, Decornez H, Kitchen DB. Early phase drug discovery: cheminformatics and computational techniques in identifying lead series. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:5324-42. [PMID: 22938785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Early drug discovery processes rely on hit finding procedures followed by extensive experimental confirmation in order to select high priority hit series which then undergo further scrutiny in hit-to-lead studies. The experimental cost and the risk associated with poor selection of lead series can be greatly reduced by the use of many different computational and cheminformatic techniques to sort and prioritize compounds. We describe the steps in typical hit identification and hit-to-lead programs and then describe how cheminformatic analysis assists this process. In particular, scaffold analysis, clustering and property calculations assist in the design of high-throughput screening libraries, the early analysis of hits and then organizing compounds into series for their progression from hits to leads. Additionally, these computational tools can be used in virtual screening to design hit-finding libraries and as procedures to help with early SAR exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan C Duffy
- AMRI, 26 Corporate Circle, PO Box 15098, Albany, NY 12212-5098, USA
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25
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Sun H, Chen F, Wang X, Liu Z, Yang Q, Zhang X, Zhu J, Qiang L, Guo Q, You Q. Studies on gambogic acid (IV): Exploring structure-activity relationship with IκB kinase-beta (IKKβ). Eur J Med Chem 2012; 51:110-23. [PMID: 22472167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Previously we have reported a series of gambogic acid's analogs and have identified a compound that possessed comparable in vitro growth inhibitory effect as gambogic acid. However, their target protein as well as the key pharmacophoric motifs on the target have not been identified yet. Herein we report that gambogic acid and its analogs inhibit the activity of IκB Kinase-beta (IKKβ) through suppressing the activation of TNFα/NF-κB pathway, which in turn induces A549 and U251 cell apoptosis. IKKβ can serve as one of gambogic acid's targets. The preparation of the compounds was carefully discussed in the article. Caged 4-oxa-tricyclo[4.3.1.0(3,7)]dec-2-one xanthone, which was identified as the pharmacophoric scaffold, represents a promising therapeutic agent for cancer and useful probe against NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, China
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Li Y, Wang ZL, He F, Wu Y, Huang W, He Y, Tong QY, Wei YQ, Qing Y, Yang L, Wu X. TP-58, a novel thienopyridine derivative, protects mice from concanavalinA-induced hepatitis by suppressing inflammation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 29:31-40. [PMID: 22415072 DOI: 10.1159/000337584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis represents a ubiquitous human health problem but effective therapies with limited side effects are still lacking. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of TP-58, a novel thienopyridine derivative, on a murine fulminant hepatitis model induced by concanavalin A (ConA). We found TP-58 markedly alleviated ConA-caused liver injury and increased survival ratio of mice injected with a lethal dose of ConA. Oral administration of TP-58 significantly alleviated ConA-caused liver injury in mice by the reduction of serum aminotransferases and liver necrosis.The analysis of proinflammatory cytokines showed that TP-58 decreased both hepatic mRNA expressions and serum protein levels of TNF-α and IL-6. And the result from LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells showed TP-58 suppressed the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and Nitro Oxide (NO) in the supernatant of LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The study of activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that TP-58 inhibited the activation of NF-κB both in vivo and in vitro. The inhibitory effect was also accompanied by a parallel reduction of IκB phosphorylation. These results indicate that TP-58 protects against liver injury by inhibition of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation and suggest a potential role of TP-58 against acute liver injury and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Kanawade SB, Patil SP, Nikam PS, Gangurde SA, Jachak MN, Toche RB. Synthesis of new thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines, thieno[3,2-e]pyridines, and thieno[2,3-d][1,3]oxazines. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Patil SP, Kazi MA, Kanawade SB, Nikam PS, Jachak MN, Toche RB. Expedient approach for the synthesis of novel indenothiophene derivatives. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-011-0657-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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29
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Huber MA, Maier HJ, Alacakaptan M, Wiedemann E, Braunger J, Boehmelt G, Madwed JB, Young ERR, Marshall DR, Pehamberger H, Wirth T, Kraut N, Beug H. BI 5700, a Selective Chemical Inhibitor of IκB Kinase 2, Specifically Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis in Mouse Models of Tumor Progression. Genes Cancer 2011; 1:101-14. [PMID: 21779445 DOI: 10.1177/1947601910361749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that processes termed epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) play a key role in therapeutic resistance, tumor recurrence, and metastatic progression. NF-κB signaling has been previously identified as an important pathway in the regulation of EMT in a mouse model of tumor progression. However, it remains unclear whether there is a broad requirement for this pathway to govern EMT and what the relative contribution of IKK family members acting as upstream NF-κB activators is toward promoting EMT and metastasis. To address this question, we have used a novel, small-molecule inhibitor of IκB kinase 2 (IKK2/IKKβ), termed BI 5700. We investigated the role of IKK2 in a number of mouse models of EMT, including TGFβ-induced EMT in the mammary epithelial cell line EpRas, CT26 colon carcinoma cells, and 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells. The latter model was also used to evaluate in vivo activities of BI 5700.We found that BI 5700 inhibits IKK2 with an IC(50) of 9 nM and was highly selective as compared to other IKK family members (IKK1, IKKε, and TBK1) and other kinases. BI 5700 effectively blocks NF-κB activity in EpRas cells and prevents TGFβ-induced EMT. In addition, BI 5700 reverts EMT in mesenchymal CT26 cells and prevents EMT in the 4T1 model. Oral application of BI 5700 significantly interferes with metastasis after mammary fat-pad injection of 4T1 cells, yielding fewer, smaller, and more differentiated metastases as compared to vehicle-treated control animals. We conclude that IKK2 is a key regulator of both the induction and maintenance of EMT in a panel of mouse tumor progression models and that the IKK2 inhibitor BI 5700 constitutes a promising candidate for the treatment of metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit A Huber
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna, Austria
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30
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Sun HP, Zhu J, Chen FH, Zhang SL, Zhang Y, You QD. Combination of pharmacophore model development and binding mode analyses: Identification of ligand features essential for IκB kinase-beta (IKKβ) inhibitors and virtual screening based on it. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:3942-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Xie HZ, Liu LY, Ren JX, Zhou JP, Zheng RL, Li LL, Yang SY. Pharmacophore Modeling and Hybrid Virtual Screening for the Discovery of Novel IκB Kinase 2 (IKK2) Inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2011; 29:165-79. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2011.10507381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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32
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Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives as novel c-Src inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:2517-28. [PMID: 21459579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Among the recently investigated targets for cancer therapy is the c-Src non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Indeed research around deregulated activity of this enzyme has proven its role in tumor progression, while the beneficial effects of c-Src inhibitors in several pathological models has also been demonstrated. We report here the preparation and pharmacological profile of a novel series of c-Src inhibitors that was elaborated around a 3-amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine discovered during an HTS campaign. c-Src enzyme inhibition and c-Src inhibition were investigated in a series of related compounds derived from the initial hit. Molecular modeling as well as X-ray studies on one active compound allowed us to hypothesize on ligand orientation and interactions within the ATP hydrophobic pocket. Design and synthesis of structural analogs then led to new ligands possessing quite efficient enzymatic and c-Src inhibition. The structure-activity elements disclosed in this study shed light on the role played by substituents on the thienopyridine ring as well as the impact of other aromatic moieties in the molecule when interacting with the enzyme.
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Sala E, Guasch L, Iwaszkiewicz J, Mulero M, Salvadó MJ, Pinent M, Zoete V, Grosdidier A, Garcia-Vallvé S, Michielin O, Pujadas G. Identification of human IKK-2 inhibitors of natural origin (part I): modeling of the IKK-2 kinase domain, virtual screening and activity assays. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16903. [PMID: 21390216 PMCID: PMC3044726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Their large scaffold diversity and properties, such as structural complexity and drug similarity, form the basis of claims that natural products are ideal starting points for drug design and development. Consequently, there has been great interest in determining whether such molecules show biological activity toward protein targets of pharmacological relevance. One target of particular interest is hIKK-2, a serine-threonine protein kinase belonging to the IKK complex that is the primary component responsible for activating NF-κB in response to various inflammatory stimuli. Indeed, this has led to the development of synthetic ATP-competitive inhibitors for hIKK-2. Therefore, the main goals of this study were (a) to use virtual screening to identify potential hIKK-2 inhibitors of natural origin that compete with ATP and (b) to evaluate the reliability of our virtual-screening protocol by experimentally testing the in vitro activity of selected natural-product hits. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We thus predicted that 1,061 out of the 89,425 natural products present in the studied database would inhibit hIKK-2 with good ADMET properties. Notably, when these 1,061 molecules were merged with the 98 synthetic hIKK-2 inhibitors used in this study and the resulting set was classified into ten clusters according to chemical similarity, there were three clusters that contained only natural products. Five molecules from these three clusters (for which no anti-inflammatory activity has been previously described) were then selected for in vitro activity testing, in which three out of the five molecules were shown to inhibit hIKK-2. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrated that our virtual-screening protocol was successful in identifying lead compounds for developing new inhibitors for hIKK-2, a target of great interest in medicinal chemistry. Additionally, all the tools developed during the current study (i.e., the homology model for the hIKK-2 kinase domain and the pharmacophore) will be made available to interested readers upon request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Sala
- Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus de Sescelades, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laura Guasch
- Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus de Sescelades, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Justyna Iwaszkiewicz
- Molecular Modeling Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Miquel Mulero
- Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus de Sescelades, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria-Josepa Salvadó
- Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus de Sescelades, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pinent
- Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus de Sescelades, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vincent Zoete
- Molecular Modeling Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Grosdidier
- Molecular Modeling Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Santiago Garcia-Vallvé
- Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus de Sescelades, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centre Tecnològic de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Olivier Michielin
- Molecular Modeling Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Pujadas
- Grup de Recerca en Nutrigenòmica, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus de Sescelades, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centre Tecnològic de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
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Noha SM, Atanasov AG, Schuster D, Markt P, Fakhrudin N, Heiss EH, Schrammel O, Rollinger JM, Stuppner H, Dirsch VM, Wolber G. Discovery of a novel IKK-β inhibitor by ligand-based virtual screening techniques. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:577-83. [PMID: 21078555 PMCID: PMC3013379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Various inflammatory stimuli that activate the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway converge on a serine/threonine kinase that displays a key role in the activation of NF-κB: the I kappa B kinase β (IKK-β). Therefore, IKK-β is considered an interesting target for combating inflammation and cancer. In our study, we developed a ligand-based pharmacophore model for IKK-β inhibitors. This model was employed to virtually screen commercial databases, giving a focused hit list of candidates. Subsequently, we scored by molecular shape to rank and further prioritized virtual hits by three-dimensional shape-based alignment. One out of ten acquired and biologically tested compounds showed inhibitory activity in the low micromolar range on IKK-β enzymatic activity in vitro and on NF-κB transactivation in intact cells. Compound 8 (2-(1-adamantyl)ethyl 4-[(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)methylamino]benzoate) represents a novel chemical class of IKK-β inhibitors and shows that the presented model is a valid approach for identification and development of new IKK-β ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan M. Noha
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Computer-Aided Molecular Design Group and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck—CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Computer-Aided Molecular Design Group and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck—CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklung und Consulting GmbH, Mariahilferstr. 74b/11, A-1070 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Markt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Computer-Aided Molecular Design Group and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck—CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklung und Consulting GmbH, Mariahilferstr. 74b/11, A-1070 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nanang Fakhrudin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H. Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivia Schrammel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M. Rollinger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena M. Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Wolber
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Computer-Aided Molecular Design Group and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck—CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Pharmacy, Computer-Aided Drug Design, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luisestrasse 2+4, D-14194 Berlin, Germany
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Zeng XX, Zheng RL, Zhou T, He HY, Liu JY, Zheng Y, Tong AP, Xiang ML, Song XR, Yang SY, Yu LT, Wei YQ, Zhao YL, Yang L. Novel thienopyridine derivatives as specific anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) agents: Synthesis, preliminary structure–activity relationships, and in vitro biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6282-5. [PMID: 20846862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Nagarajan S, Choo H, Cho YS, Shin KJ, Oh KS, Lee BH, Pae AN. IKKβ inhibitor identification: a multi-filter driven novel scaffold. BMC Bioinformatics 2010; 11 Suppl 7:S15. [PMID: 21106122 PMCID: PMC2957683 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-11-s7-s15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a chief nuclear transcription factor that controls the transcription of various genes; and its activation is tightly controlled by Inhibitor kappa B kinase (IKK). The irregular transcription of NF-κB has been linked to auto-immune disorders, cancer and other diseases. The IKK complex is composed of three units, IKKα, IKKβ, and the regulatory domain NEMO, of which IKKβ is well understood in the canonical pathway. Therefore, the inhibition of IKKβ by drugs forms the molecular basis for anti-inflammatory drug research. Results The ligand- and structure-based virtual screening (VS) technique has been applied to identify IKKβ inhibitors from the ChemDiv database with 0.7 million compounds. Initially, a 3D-QSAR pharmacophore model has been deployed to greatly reduce the database size. Subsequently, recursive partitioning (RP) and docking filters were used to screen the pharmacophore hits. Finally, 29 compounds were selected for IKKβ enzyme inhibition assay to identify a novel small molecule inhibitor of IKKβ protein. Conclusions In the present investigation, we have applied various computational models sequentially to virtually screen the ChemDiv database, and identified a small molecule that has an IC50 value of 20.3μM. This compound is novel among the known IKKβ inhibitors. Further optimization of the hit compound can reveal a more potent anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Nagarajan
- Neuro-Medicine Center, Life/Health Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea.
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Stefely JA, Palchaudhuri R, Miller PA, Peterson RJ, Moraski GC, Hergenrother PJ, Miller MJ. N-((1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)arylamide as a new scaffold that provides rapid access to antimicrotubule agents: synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity against select cancer cell lines. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3389-95. [PMID: 20334421 DOI: 10.1021/jm1000979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-((1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)arylamides was synthesized by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and afforded inhibitors of cancer cell growth. For example, compound 13e had an IC(50) of 46 nM against MCF-7 human breast tumor cells. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies demonstrated that (i) meta-phenoxy substitution of the N-1-benzyl group is important for antiproliferative activity and (ii) a variety of heterocyclic substitutions for the aryl group of the arylamide are tolerated. In silico COMPARE analysis of antiproliferative activity against the NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel revealed a correlation to clinically useful antimicrotubule agents such as paclitaxel and vincristine. This in silico correlation was supported by (i) in vitro inhibition of tubulin polymerization, (ii) G(2)/M-phase arrest in HeLa cells as assessed by flow cytometry, and (iii) perturbation of normal microtubule activity in HeLa cells as observed by confocal microscopy. The results demonstrate that N-((1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)arylamide is a readily accessible small molecule scaffold for compounds that inhibit tubulin polymerization and tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Stefely
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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38
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Nagarajan S, Ahmed A, Choo H, Cho YS, Oh KS, Lee BH, Shin KJ, Pae AN. 3D QSAR pharmacophore model based on diverse IKKβ inhibitors. J Mol Model 2010; 17:209-18. [PMID: 20419497 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitor kappaB kinase β (IKKβ) is a serine-threonine protein kinase that is critically involved in the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in response to various inflammatory stimuli. IKKβ-selective inhibitors could prove useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In the absence of structural information, a ligand-based approach can serve as an alternative to the virtual screening of large databases. We have developed a 3D QSAR pharmacophore model based on 23 IKKβ inhibitors with 3 nM ≤ IC(50) ≤ 50000 nM. A four-feature pharmacophore containing a hydrophobic (Hy) feature, two ring aromatic (RA) features, and a hydrogen bond donor (D) feature was constructed. It yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.93 with experimentally determined activity data, and a correlation coefficient of 0.77 with training set activity data. The best hypothesis, Hypo 1, was validated by estimating the activities of 136 compounds in a test set. As well as the correlation analysis and test set activity estimation, a Fisher's validation test was conducted at the 95% confidence level. The pharmacophore model's specificity and selectivity were determined in an exhaustive enrichment study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Nagarajan
- Center for Chemoinformatics Research, Life Sciences Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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39
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Morwick T, Büttner FH, Cywin CL, Dahmann G, Hickey E, Jakes S, Kaplita P, Kashem MA, Kerr S, Kugler S, Mao W, Marshall D, Paw Z, Shih CK, Wu F, Young E. Hit to lead account of the discovery of bisbenzamide and related ureidobenzamide inhibitors of Rho kinase. J Med Chem 2010; 53:759-77. [PMID: 20000469 DOI: 10.1021/jm9014263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A highly selective series of bisbenzamide inhibitors of Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (ROCK) and a related ureidobenzamide series, both identified by high throughput screening (HTS), are described. Details of the hit validation and lead generation process, including structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, a selectivity assessment, target-independent profiling (TIP) results, and an analysis of functional activity using a rat aortic ring assay are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Morwick
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368, USA.
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40
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Lockman JW, Reeder MD, Suzuki K, Ostanin K, Hoff R, Bhoite L, Austin H, Baichwal V, Adam Willardsen J. Inhibition of eEF2-K by thieno[2,3-b]pyridine analogues. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2283-6. [PMID: 20189382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several series of thieno[2-3-b]pyridine analogues were synthesized and screened for inhibitory activity against eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2-K). Modifications around several regions of the lead molecules were made, with a ring fusion adjacent to the nitrogen on the thienopyridine core being critical for activity. The most active compound 34 shows an IC(50) of 170 nM against eEF2-K in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Lockman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Myriad Pharmaceuticals, 305 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States.
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41
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Wu JP, Fleck R, Brickwood J, Capolino A, Catron K, Chen Z, Cywin C, Emeigh J, Foerst M, Ginn J, Hrapchak M, Hickey E, Hao MH, Kashem M, Li J, Liu W, Morwick T, Nelson R, Marshall D, Martin L, Nemoto P, Potocki I, Liuzzi M, Peet GW, Scouten E, Stefany D, Turner M, Weldon S, Zimmitti C, Spero D, Kelly TA. The discovery of thienopyridine analogues as potent IκB kinase β inhibitors. Part II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5547-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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42
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Missner E, Bahr I, Badock V, Lücking U, Siemeister G, Donner P. Off-target decoding of a multitarget kinase inhibitor by chemical proteomics. Chembiochem 2009; 10:1163-74. [PMID: 19350611 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Unbiased: Chemical proteomics was used to profile compound interactions in an unbiased fashion. We present here the application of different compound-immobilization routes for decoding nonprotein kinase off-targets of the multitarget kinase inhibitor C1, which interacts with distinct compound moieties. Since the approval of the first selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib, various drugs have been developed to target protein kinases. However, due to a high degree of structural conservation of the ATP binding site, off-target effects have been reported for several drugs. Here, we report on off-target decoding for a multitarget protein kinase inhibitor by chemical proteomics, by focusing on interactions with nonprotein kinases. We tested two different routes for the immobilization of the inhibitor on a carrier matrix, and thus identified off-targets that interact with distinct compound moieties. Besides several of the kinases known to bind to the compound, the pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), which has been described to interact with the CDK inhibitor (R)-roscovitine, was captured. The PDXK-inhibitor interaction was shown to occur at the substrate binding site rather than at the ATP binding site. In addition, carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2) binding was demonstrated, and the determination of the IC(50) revealed an enzyme inhibition in the submicromolar range. The data demonstrate that different compound immobilization routes for chemical proteomics approaches are a valuable method to improve the knowledge about the off-target profile of a compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Missner
- Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Global Drug Discovery, 13342 Berlin, Germany.
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43
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Sala E, Guasch L, Vaqué M, Mateo-Sanz J, Blay M, Bladé C, Garcia-Vallvé S, Pujadas G. 3D-QSAR Study of Pyridine Derivates as IKK-2 Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200860167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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44
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Thompson MJ, Adams H, Chen B. Development of a Diversity-Oriented Approach to Oxazole-5-amide Libraries. J Org Chem 2009; 74:3856-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900425w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Harry Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Beining Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
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45
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Qian K, Wang L, Cywin CL, Farmer BT, Hickey E, Homon C, Jakes S, Kashem MA, Lee G, Leonard S, Li J, Magboo R, Mao W, Pack E, Peng C, Prokopowicz A, Welzel M, Wolak J, Morwick T. Hit to Lead Account of the Discovery of a New Class of Inhibitors of Pim Kinases and Crystallographic Studies Revealing an Unusual Kinase Binding Mode. J Med Chem 2009; 52:1814-27. [DOI: 10.1021/jm801242y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Qian
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Lian Wang
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Charles L. Cywin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Bennett T. Farmer
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Eugene Hickey
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Carol Homon
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Scott Jakes
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Mohammed A. Kashem
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - George Lee
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Scott Leonard
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Jun Li
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Ronald Magboo
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Wang Mao
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Edward Pack
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Charlene Peng
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Anthony Prokopowicz
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Morgan Welzel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - John Wolak
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
| | - Tina Morwick
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368
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46
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Nagarajan S, Doddareddy MR, Choo H, Cho YS, Oh KS, Lee BH, Pae AN. IKKbeta inhibitors identification part I: homology model assisted structure based virtual screening. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:2759-66. [PMID: 19285872 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Control of NF-kappaB release through the inhibition of IKKbeta has been identified as a potential target for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. We have employed structure based virtual screening scheme to identify lead like molecule from ChemDiv database. Homology models of IKKbeta enzyme were developed based on the crystal structures of four kinases. The efficiency of the homology model has been validated at different levels. Docking of known inhibitors library revealed the possible binding mode of inhibitors. Besides, the docking sequence analyses results indicate the responsibility of Glu172 in selectivity. Structure based virtual screening of ChemDiv database has yielded 277 hits. Top scoring 75 compounds were selected and purchased for the IKKbeta enzyme inhibition test. From the combined approach of virtual screening followed by biological screening, we have identified six novel compounds that can work against IKKbeta, in which 1 compound had highest inhibition rate 82.09% at 10 microM and IC(50) 1.76 microM and 5 compounds had 25.35-48.80% inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Nagarajan
- Center for Chemoinformatics Research, Life Sciences Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
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47
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Mohler ML, He Y, Wu Z, Hwang DJ, Miller DD. Recent and emerging anti-diabetes targets. Med Res Rev 2009; 29:125-95. [DOI: 10.1002/med.20142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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48
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Heterocyclic compounds that inhibit Rev-RRE function and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008; 52:3169-79. [PMID: 18625767 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00274-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A cell-based screening assay was performed to identify compounds that inhibited the postintegration stage of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) life cycle. This assay utilized a cell line that contains the HIV gag and pol genes expressed in a Rev-dependent fashion. The cell line produces about 10 to 15 ng of p24 per milliliter of medium over a 24-h period in the form of viruslike particles. Any compound that inhibits a postintegration step in the HIV life cycle scores in this assay by decreasing particle production. Forty thousand compounds were screened, and 192 compounds were selected from the original screen because they showed more than 50% inhibition at a 10 muM concentration. The cumulative evidence presented in this study strongly suggests that 2 of the 192 compounds work as inhibitors of HIV Rev function. This was determined by a variety of cell-based assays, although the compounds do not interfere with Rev-RRE (Rev response element) binding in vitro. Both compounds inhibit replication of the lab isolate NL4-3 as well as an HIV primary isolate from Brazil (93BR021) and thus are promising leads as therapeutic candidates that target HIV replication through inhibition of Rev function.
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49
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Goldstein DM, Gray NS, Zarrinkar PP. High-throughput kinase profiling as a platform for drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2008; 7:391-7. [PMID: 18404149 DOI: 10.1038/nrd2541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To fully exploit the potential of kinases as drug targets, novel strategies for the efficient discovery of inhibitors are required. In contrast to the traditional, linear process of inhibitor discovery, high-throughput kinase profiling enables a parallel approach by interrogating compounds against hundreds of targets in a single screen. Compound potency and selectivity are determined simultaneously, providing a choice of targets to pursue that is guided by the quality of lead compounds available, rather than by target biology alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Goldstein
- Roche Palo Alto, 3431 Hillview Avenue, R6-201, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
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50
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Advances in the Discovery of IκB Kinase Inhibitors. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)00010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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