1
|
An J, Jackson RK, Tuccinardi JP, Wood JL. Pyrroloiminoquinone Alkaloids: Total Synthesis of Makaluvamines A and K. Org Lett 2023; 25:1868-1871. [PMID: 36913953 PMCID: PMC10044305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an efficient, scalable, and concise approach to an advanced pyrroloiminoquinone synthetic intermediate (6b) by way of a Larock indole synthesis is reported. The synthetic utility of this intermediate is demonstrated by its ready conversion to makaluvamines A (1) and K (4).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason An
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Richard K Jackson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Joseph P Tuccinardi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - John L Wood
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang J, Sun WW, Li JQ, Ma AD, Liu JK, Wu B. Copper-Catalyzed C2- or C3-Thioglycosylation of Indoles with N-(Thioglycosides)succinimides: An Effective Strategy for the Total Synthesis of Isatindigotindolosides. Org Lett 2023; 25:528-532. [PMID: 36646633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Isatindigotindolosides, indoles containing a 1-S-β-glucopyranosyl unit at position C2, show promising bioactivity. Here, we report a copper-catalyzed C2- or C3-thioglycosylation of indoles with N-(thioglycosides)succinimides to construct indole alkaloid glucosides. This reaction is widely tolerant of functional groups, as various indoles and thioglycosides are suitable. It also provides a reliable method for performing late-stage modifications of natural products, such as gramine and melatonin. Total syntheses of isatindigotindolosides I and II were successfully accomplished using the C2-thioglycosylation reaction as a key step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wen-Wu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jin-Quan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ao-Di Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China.,Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A biosynthetic pathway to aromatic amines that uses glycyl-tRNA as nitrogen donor. Nat Chem 2022; 14:71-77. [PMID: 34725492 PMCID: PMC8758506 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic amines in nature are typically installed with Glu or Gln as the nitrogen donor. Here we report a pathway that features glycyl-tRNA instead. During the biosynthesis of pyrroloiminoquinone-type natural products such as ammosamides, peptide-aminoacyl tRNA ligases append amino acids to the C-terminus of a ribosomally synthesized peptide. First, [Formula: see text] adds Trp in a Trp-tRNA-dependent reaction and the flavoprotein AmmC1 then carries out three hydroxylations of the indole ring of Trp. After oxidation to the corresponding ortho-hydroxy para-quinone, [Formula: see text] attaches Gly to the indole ring in a Gly-tRNA dependent fashion. Subsequent decarboxylation and hydrolysis results in an amino-substituted indole. Similar transformations are catalysed by orthologous enzymes from Bacillus halodurans. This pathway features three previously unknown biochemical processes using a ribosomally synthesized peptide as scaffold for non-ribosomal peptide extension and chemical modification to generate an amino acid-derived natural product.
Collapse
|
4
|
Levy T, Marchand L, Stroobant V, Pilotte L, Van den Eynde B, Rodriguez F, Delfourne E. IDO1 and TDO inhibitory evaluation of analogues of the marine pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids: Wakayin and Tsitsikammamines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 40:127910. [PMID: 33711443 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) and tryptophane 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) are two heme-containing enzymes which catalyze the conversion of tryptophan to N-formylkynurenine. Both enzymes are well establish therapeutic targets as important factors in the tumor immune evasion mechanism. A number of analogues of the marine pyrroloquinoline alkaloids tsitsikammamines or wakayin have been synthesized, two of them were synthesized using an original method to build the bispyrroloquinone framework. All the derivatives were evaluated in a cellular assay for their capacity to inhibit the enzymes. Six compounds have shown a significant potency on HEK 293-EBNA cell lines expressing hIDO1 or hTDO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Levy
- Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5068, Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cédex 9, France
| | - Laura Marchand
- Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5068, Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cédex 9, France
| | - Vincent Stroobant
- Ludwig Cancer Research Ltd (Brussels Branch) & de Duve Institute (Tumor Immunology & Antigen Processing Group), Avenue Hippocrate 74 (UCL B1.7403) B-1200, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Luc Pilotte
- Ludwig Cancer Research Ltd (Brussels Branch) & de Duve Institute (Tumor Immunology & Antigen Processing Group), Avenue Hippocrate 74 (UCL B1.7403) B-1200, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Benoît Van den Eynde
- Ludwig Cancer Research Ltd (Brussels Branch) & de Duve Institute (Tumor Immunology & Antigen Processing Group), Avenue Hippocrate 74 (UCL B1.7403) B-1200, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Rodriguez
- Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5068, Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cédex 9, France
| | - Evelyne Delfourne
- Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5068, Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cédex 9, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang F, Niu Y, Hong D, Ye Y, Hua Y, Ding S, Zhang Y. Synthetic studies towards atkamine. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
6
|
Bennani FE, Doudach L, Cherrah Y, Ramli Y, Karrouchi K, Ansar M, Faouzi MEA. Overview of recent developments of pyrazole derivatives as an anticancer agent in different cell line. Bioorg Chem 2019; 97:103470. [PMID: 32120072 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyrazole is a five-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring with two adjacent nitrogen atoms C3H3N2H.The presence of this nucleus in pharmacological agents of various therapeutic categories gifts a broad spectrum of biological activities and pharmaceuticals that contain pyrazole like celecoxib (anti-inflammatory), CDPPB (antipsychotic), Rimonabant (anti-obesity), Difenamizole, (Analgesic), Betazole (H2 receptor agonist), Fezolamide (Antidepressant), etc… The pharmacological potential of the pyrazole fraction is proved in many publication where they synthesized and evaluated pyrazoles against several biological agents. The aim of this article review is to survey recent works linking pyrazole structures to anticancer activities corresponding to 9 different type of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ezzahra Bennani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco; Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Latifa Doudach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Medical Physiology, Higher School of Technical Education of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yahia Cherrah
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Youssef Ramli
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalid Karrouchi
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - M'hammed Ansar
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - My El Abbes Faouzi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bingül M. Synthesis and characterisation of novel 4,6-dimethoxyindole-7- and -2-thiosemicarbazone derivatives: Biological evaluation as antioxidant and anticholinesterase candidates. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519819868386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two sets of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazone systems 8a–d and 9a–d are prepared by the Schiff base condensation reaction of indole carbaldehydes 4 and 6 with a range of thiosemicarbazides 7a–d in high yields and purity. The antioxidant properties of the synthesised compounds 8a–d and 9a–d are determined by employing three different assays, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate–free radical scavenging, ABTS [2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] cationic radical decolarization and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity. The anticholinesterase properties of the products are investigated by acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition assays. The methyl-substituted compounds 8b and 9b display the highest inhibition for the ABTS assay and absorbance values for the cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity assay, while compound 9c shows the best activity for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate assay. Moderate inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase is determined in the case of compound 8b.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Bingül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Manikandan TS, Ramesh R, Semeril D. The Tandem C–H/N–H Activation of N-Methyl Arylamide Catalyzed by Dinuclear Pd(II) Benzhydrazone Complex: A Concise Access to Phenanthridinone. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rengan Ramesh
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli − 620 024, India
| | - David Semeril
- Universite de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Moleculaire et Catalyse, UMR 7177
CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cinelli MA. Topoisomerase 1B poisons: Over a half-century of drug leads, clinical candidates, and serendipitous discoveries. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:1294-1337. [PMID: 30456874 DOI: 10.1002/med.21546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Topoisomerases are DNA processing enzymes that relieve supercoiling (torsional strain) in DNA, are necessary for normal cellular division, and act by nicking (and then religating) DNA strands. Type 1B topoisomerase (Top1) is overexpressed in certain tumors, and the enzyme has been extensively investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy. Various chemical agents can act as "poisons" of the enzyme's religation step, leading to Top1-DNA lesions, DNA breakage, and eventual cellular death. In this review, agents that poison Top1 (and have thus been investigated for their anticancer properties) are surveyed, including natural products (such as camptothecins and indolocarbazoles), semisynthetic camptothecin and luotonin derivatives, and synthetic compounds (such as benzonaphthyridines, aromathecins, and indenoisoquinolines), as well as targeted therapies and conjugates. Top1 has also been investigated as a therapeutic target in certain viral and parasitic infections, as well as autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurological disorders, and a summary of literature describing alternative indications is also provided. This review should provide both a reference for the medicinal chemist and potentially offer clues to aid in the development of new Top1 poisons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maris A Cinelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rafiee F. Synthesis of phenanthridine and phenanthridinone derivatives based on Pd-catalyzed C-H activation. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of physic-chemistry; Alzahra University; Vanak Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Slabko OY, Ageenko NV, Denisenko VA, Kaminskii VA. 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diazomethane to quinoid derivatives of pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428017020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
Vanicat A, André-Barrès C, Delfourne E. New reaction of formation of the fused tricyclic bispyrroloquinone ring system. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
13
|
Advances in the Chemistry of Natural and Semisynthetic Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitors. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63929-5.00002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
14
|
Design, synthesis, cytotoxicity, HuTopoIIα inhibitory activity and molecular docking studies of pyrazole derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2016; 69:77-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
15
|
Alam R, Alam MA, Panda AK, Rahisuddin. Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of 3‐(5‐(3‐(aryl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1‐phenyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine and 5‐(3‐(aryl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐3‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)‐4,5‐dihydropyrazole‐1‐carbaldehyde Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raquib Alam
- Department of ChemistryJamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) Jamia Nagar New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Md. Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied ScienceGalgotias University Greater Noida 201301 UP India
- Product Development CellNational Institute of Immunology New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Amulya K. Panda
- Product Development CellNational Institute of Immunology New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Rahisuddin
- Department of ChemistryJamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) Jamia Nagar New Delhi 110025 India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nijampatnam B, Dutta S, Velu SE. Recent advances in isolation, synthesis, and evaluation of bioactivities of bispyrroloquinone alkaloids of marine origin. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:561-77. [PMID: 26253489 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ocean continues to provide a plethora of unique scaffolds capable of remarkable biological applications. A large number of pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids, including discorhabdins, epinardins, batzellines, makaluvamines, and veiutamine, have been isolated from various marine organisms. A class of pyrroloiminoquinone-related alkaloids, known as bispyrroloquinones, is the focus of this review article. This family of marine alkaloids, which contain an aryl substituted bispyrroloquinone ring system, includes three subclasses of alkaloids namely, wakayin, tsitsikammamines A-B, and zyzzyanones A-D. Both wakayin and the tsitsikammamines contain a tetracyclic fused bispyrroloiminoquinone ring system, while zyzzyanones contain a fused tricyclic bispyrroloquinone ring system. The unique chemical structures of these marine natural products and their diverse biological properties, including antifungal and antimicrobial activity, as well as the potent, albeit generally nonspecific and universal cytotoxicities, have attracted great interest of synthetic chemists over the past three decades. Tsitsikammamines, wakayin, and several of their analogs show inhibition of topoisomerases. One additional possible mechanism of anticancer activity of tsitsikammamines analogs that has been discovered recently is through the inhibition of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, an enzyme involved in tumoral immune resistance. This review discusses the isolation, synthesis, and evaluation of bioactivities of bispyrroloquinone alkaloids and their analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shilpa Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang W, Nijampatnam B, Velu SE, Zhang R. Discovery and development of synthetic tricyclic pyrroloquinone (TPQ) alkaloid analogs for human cancer therapy. Front Chem Sci Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-016-1562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
18
|
Topoisomerase I Inhibitors Derived from Natural Products: Structure–Activity Relationships and Antitumor Potency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63603-4.00001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
|
19
|
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO, subsequently named IDO1) can degrade the level of essential amino acid tryptophan in mammals, and catalyze the initial and rate-limiting step through the kynurenine pathway. Broad evidence implies that IDO is overexpressed in both tumor cells and antigen-presenting cells, facilitating the escape of malignant tumors from immune surveillance. In the past decades, the inhibition of IDO has been one of the most promising areas in cancer immunotherapy and many potential inhibitors of IDO have been designed, synthesized and evaluated, among which d-1-methyl-tryptophan and INCB24360 have advanced to clinical trial stage. This review aims to give an overview of the rationale for IDO as a therapeutic target as well as the research progress of IDO inhibitors.
Collapse
|
20
|
Mayank, Jaitak V. Molecular docking study of natural alkaloids as multi-targeted hedgehog pathway inhibitors in cancer stem cell therapy. Comput Biol Chem 2015; 62:145-54. [PMID: 26278973 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is responsible for millions of deaths throughout the world every year. Increased understanding as well as advancements in the therapeutic aspect seems suboptimal to restrict the huge deaths associated with cancer. The major cause responsible for this is high resistance as well as relapse rate associated with cancers. Several evidences indicated that cancer stem cells (CSC) are mainly responsible for the resistance and relapses associated with cancer. Furthermore, agents targeting a single protein seem to have higher chances of resistance than multitargeting drugs. According to the concept of network model, partial inhibition of multiple targets is more productive than single hit agents. Thus, by fusing both the premises that CSC and single hit anticancer drugs, both are responsible for cancer related resistances and screened alkaloids for the search of leads having CSC targeting ability as well as the capability to modulating multiple target proteins. The in silico experimental data indicated that emetine and cortistatin have the ability to modulate hedgehog (Hh) pathway by binding to sonic hedgehog (Hh), smoothened (Smo) and Gli protein, involved in maintenance CSCs. Furthermore, solamargine, solasonine and tylophorine are also seems to be good lead molecules targeting towards CSCs by modulating Hh pathway. Except solamargine and solasonine, other best lead molecules also showed acceptable in silico ADME profile. The predicted lead molecules can be suitably modified to get multitargeting CSC targeting agent to get rid of associate resistances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank
- Centre for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, PB 151001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Centre for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, PB 151001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yu FC, Zhou B, Xu H, Li YM, Lin J, Yan SJ, Shen Y. Three-component synthesis of functionalized pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinolin-1-ones by an unusual reductive cascade reaction. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Bingul M, Cheung BB, Kumar N, Black DS. Synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical diindolylmethanes via acid-catalysed electrophilic substitution reactions. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
24
|
Lancianesi S, Palmieri A, Petrini M. Synthetic Approaches to 3-(2-Nitroalkyl) Indoles and Their Use to Access Tryptamines and Related Bioactive Compounds. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7108-49. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400676v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lancianesi
- School
of Science and Technology,
Chemistry Division, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino,
1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- School
of Science and Technology,
Chemistry Division, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino,
1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Marino Petrini
- School
of Science and Technology,
Chemistry Division, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino,
1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pouwer RH, Deydier SM, Le PV, Schwartz BD, Franken NC, Davis RA, Coster MJ, Charman SA, Edstein MD, Skinner-Adams TS, Andrews KT, Jenkins ID, Quinn RJ. Total synthesis of thiaplakortone a: derivatives as metabolically stable leads for the treatment of malaria. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:178-82. [PMID: 24900794 DOI: 10.1021/ml400447v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiaplakortone A (3a), an antimalarial natural product, was prepared by an operationally simple and scalable synthesis. In our efforts to deliver a lead compound with improved potency, metabolic stability, and selectivity, the synthesis was diverted to access a series of analogues. Compounds 3a-d showed nanomolar activity against the chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) Plasmodium falciparum line and were more active against the chloroquine- and mefloquine-resistant (Dd2) P. falciparum line. All compounds are "Rule-of-5" compliant, and we show that metabolic stability can be enhanced via modification at either the primary or pyrrole nitrogen. These promising results lay the foundation for the development of this structurally unprecedented natural product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca H. Pouwer
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Sophie M. Deydier
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Phuc Van Le
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Brett D. Schwartz
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Nicole C. Franken
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Rohan A. Davis
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Mark J. Coster
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre
for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal
Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | | | - Tina S. Skinner-Adams
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Katherine T. Andrews
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Ian D. Jenkins
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Ronald J. Quinn
- Eskitis
Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitory activity of derivatives of marine alkaloid tsitsikammamine A. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
27
|
Synthesis of Pyrroloquinones via a CAN Mediated Oxidative Free Radical Reaction of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds with Aminoquinones. J CHEM-NY 2013; 2013. [PMID: 25705550 PMCID: PMC4332705 DOI: 10.1155/2013/262580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrroloquinone ring systems are important structural units present in many biologically active molecules including a number of marine alkaloids. For example, they are found in a series of marine metabolites, such as tsitsikammamines, zyzzyanones, wakayin, and terreusinone. Several of these alkaloids have exhibited antimicrobial, antimalarial, antifungal, antitumor, and photoprotecting activities. Synthesis of pyrroloquinone unit is the key step in the synthesis of many of these important organic molecules. Here, we present a ceric (IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) mediated oxidative free radical cyclization reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with aminoquinones as a facile methodology for making various substituted pyrroloquinones. 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds used in this study are ethyl acetoacetate, acetylacetone, benzoyl acetone, and N,N-dimethyl acetoacetamide. The aminoquinones used in this study are 2-(benzylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione and 6-(benzylamino)-1-tosyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione. The yields of the synthesized pyrroloquinones ranged from 23–91%.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Recent reports on the synthetic studies of marine pyrroloiminoquinone alakloids and their analogs are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kita
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hu JF, Fan H, Xiong J, Wu SB. Discorhabdins and Pyrroloiminoquinone-Related Alkaloids. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5465-91. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100435g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Hu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Department of Natural Products for Chemical Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, No. 3663 Zhongshan Road N, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, No. 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shi-Biao Wu
- Department of Natural Products for Chemical Genetic Research, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, No. 3663 Zhongshan Road N, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Design and preparation of aza-analogues of benzo[c]phenanthridine framework with cytotoxic and antiplasmodial activities. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2854-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Revised: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
31
|
Rives A, Le Calvé B, Delaine T, Legentil L, Kiss R, Delfourne E. Synthesis and antitumor evaluation of analogues of the marine pyrroloiminoquinone tsitsikammamines. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:343-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
32
|
Chassaing S, Delfourne E. 13C NMR discrimination of regioisomeric bispyrroloquinone/bispyrroloiminoquinone ring systems. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2010; 48:9-12. [PMID: 19824003 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The structural assignment of bispyrroloquinone and bispyrroloiminoquinone regioisomers was achieved using (13)C NMR spectral data. In the case of bispyrroloiminoquinones, the carbonyl group in the regioisomer possessing a nitrogen atom in both alpha-positions was systematically less deshielded than the carbonyl group in the other regioisomer. In the case of bispyrroloquinones, the most deshielded carbonyl group in the regioisomer with a nitrogen atom in both alpha-positions was more deshielded than the same carbonyl group in the other regioisomer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Chassaing
- Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5068, Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cédex 9, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Palmieri A, Petrini M, Shaikh RR. Synthesis of 3-substituted indoles via reactive alkylideneindolenine intermediates. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 8:1259-70. [PMID: 20204191 DOI: 10.1039/b919891a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of suitable leaving groups from 3-substituted indoles under basic or acidic conditions readily provides alkylideneindolenine intermediates that may react with a large variety of nucleophilic reagents. This article highlights some recent developments of this synthetic approach for the preparation of functionalized indole derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Palmieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Camerino, via S.Agostino, 1, I-62032, Camerino, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang W, Rayburn ER, Velu SE, Nadkarni DH, Murugesan S, Zhang R. In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of novel synthetic makaluvamine analogues. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:3511-8. [PMID: 19451594 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study was designed to determine biological structure-activity relationships for four newly synthesized analogues of natural compounds (makaluvamines). The compounds, 7-(4-fluorobenzylamino)-1,3,4,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one (FBA-TPQ); 7-(phenethylamino)-1,3,4,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one (PEA-TPQ); 7-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenethylamino)-1,3,4,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one (MPA-TPQ); and 7-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamino)-1,3,4,8-tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one (DPA-TPQ), were synthesized and purified, and their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical constants and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The structure-activity relationship of the compounds was initially evaluated by comparing their in vitro cytotoxicity against 14 human cell lines. Detailed in vitro and in vivo studies were then done in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell lines. RESULTS The in vitro cytotoxicity was compound, dose, and cell line dependent. Whereas all of the compounds exerted some activity, FBA-TPQ was the most potent inducer of apoptosis and the most effective inhibitor of cell growth and proliferation, with half maximal inhibitory concentration values for most cell lines in the range of 0.097 to 2.297 mumol/L. In MCF-7 cells, FBA-TPQ exposure led to an increase in p53/p-p53, Bax, ATM/p-ATM, p-chk1 and p-chk2, and p-H2AX; and cleavage of poly(ADP)ribose polymerase, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. It also decreased the levels of MDM2, E2F1, Bcl-2, chk1/2, and proteins associated with cell proliferation [cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)2, Cdk4, Cdk6, cyclin D1, etc.]. Moreover, FBA-TPQ inhibited the growth of breast cancer xenograft tumors in nude mice in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis ofthe xenograft tumors indicated that similar changes in protein expression also occur in vivo. CONCLUSION Our preclinical data indicate that FBA-TPQ is a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer, providing a basis for the development of the compound as a novel anticancer agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Murugesan S, Nadkarni DH, Velu SE. A facile synthesis of bispyrroloquinone and bispyrroloiminoquinone ring system of marine alkaloids. Tetrahedron Lett 2009; 50:3074-3076. [PMID: 25698845 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bispyrroloquinone and bispyrroloiminoquinone are two important polycyclic ring systems present in biologically active marine alkaloids such as Zyzzyanones, tsitsikammamines and wakayin. A facile synthesis of these two ring systems starting from a 6-benzylamino indole-4,7-quinone or 6-benzylamino pyrroloiminoquinone is described here. This chemistry involves the construction of a pyrrole ring in a single step by treatment of the starting reagents with ethyl acetoacetate or phenylbutane-1,3-dione in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate in MeOH/CH2Cl2 solvent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Murugesan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Dwayaja H Nadkarni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Suzuki Y, Ohta Y, Oishi S, Fujii N, Ohno H. Efficient Synthesis of Aminomethylated Pyrroloindoles and Dipyrrolopyridines via Controlled Copper-Catalyzed Domino Multicomponent Coupling and Bis-cyclization. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4246-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900681p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohta
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rives A, Delaine T, Legentil L, Delfourne E. Total synthesis of the marine pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloid tsitsikammamine A. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
38
|
Marminon C, Fenet B, Mignosi V, Terreux R, Nebois P. Diels-Alder Reactions between Acrolein N,N-Dimethylhydrazone and N-Benzylated Benzotriazole-, Indazole- or Indole-4,7-diones. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-11789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
39
|
Hoang H, Huang X, Skibo EB. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of imidazole-based wakayin analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:3059-64. [PMID: 18698463 DOI: 10.1039/b806883f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of wakayin based on diimidazo[1,5,4-de, 1,5,4-h]-quinoxaline have been prepared and evaluated with respect to cytostatic and cytotoxic activity. Assays in a 60-cell-line human cancer panel revealed selective activity against cells with the VEGF (Flt-1) receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung Hoang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of benzyl and phenethyl analogs of makaluvamines. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 16:2541-9. [PMID: 18093835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2007] [Revised: 11/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Analogs of marine alkaloid, makaluvamine, bearing substituted benzyl and substituted phenethyl side chains have been synthesized and their antiproliferative activities have been evaluated. 4-Methyl, 4-chloro, and 4-fluoro substituted benzyl analogs possessed pronounced antiproliferative effects on the breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 at IC(50) values of 2.3 microM, 1.8 microM, and 2.8 microM, respectively. 4-Methyl, 4-chloro, and 3,4-methylenedioxy derivatives showed the best activity against MCF-7 among the phenethyl analogs with IC(50) values of 2.3 microM, 2.8 microM, and 2.4muM, respectively. In general, methoxy substitutions resulted in slight loss in activity in both benzyl and phenethyl series. Benzyl, 4-fluorobenzyl, 3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl, and 3,4-methylenedioxyphenethyl analogs were tested by NCI in their 60 cell lines in vitro human cancer cell screen. All four compounds showed excellent inhibition against several tested cancer cell lines. Benzyl and 4-fluorobenzyl analogs were relatively more active than 3,4-dimethoxy phenethyl and 3,4-methylenedioxy phenethyl analogs. In NCI assays, the best LogGI(50) values were shown by the fluorobenzyl analog against the renal cancer cell line RXF-393 (<-8.0M) and dimethoxy phenethyl analog against the CNS cancer cell line, SF-268 (<-8.0M). The best LogLC(50) value was shown by the fluorobenzyl analog against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 (-6.01 M).
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Shinkre BA, Raisch KP, Fan L, Velu SE. Analogs of the marine alkaloid makaluvamines: synthesis, topoisomerase II inhibition, and anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:2890-3. [PMID: 17368022 PMCID: PMC2706148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2006] [Revised: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Twelve analogs of makaluvamines have been synthesized. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the enzyme topoisomerase II. Five compounds were shown to inhibit topoisomerase catalytic activity comparable to two known topoisomerase II targeting control drugs, etoposide and m-AMSA. Their cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cell line HCT-116 and human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 has been evaluated. Four makaluvamine analogs exhibited better IC(50) values against HCT-116 as compared to control drug etoposide. One analog exhibited better IC(50) value against HCT-116 as compared to m-AMSA. All 12 of the makaluvamine analogs exhibited better IC(50) values against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 as compared to etoposide as well as m-AMSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan A. Shinkre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Kevin P. Raisch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1824 6 Ave South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Liming Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1824 6 Ave South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14 Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|