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Hernández-Ayala LF, Guzmán-López EG, Galano A. Quinoline Derivatives: Promising Antioxidants with Neuroprotective Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1853. [PMID: 37891932 PMCID: PMC10604020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinoline has been proposed as a privileged molecular framework in medicinal chemistry. Although by itself it has very few applications, its derivatives have diverse biological activities. In this work, 8536 quinoline derivatives, strategically designed using the CADMA-Chem protocol, are presented. This large chemical space was sampled, analyzed and reduced using selection and elimination scores that combine their properties of bioavailability, toxicity and manufacturability. After applying several filters, 25 derivatives were selected to investigate their acid-base, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The antioxidant activity was predicted based on the ionization potential and bond dissociation energies, parameters directly related to the transfer of hydrogen atoms and of a single electron, respectively. These two mechanisms are typically involved in the radical scavenging processes. The antioxidant efficiency was compared with reference compounds, and the most promising antioxidants were found to be more efficient than Trolox but less efficient than ascorbate. In addition, based on molecular docking simulations, some derivatives are expected to act as inhibitors of catechol-O methyltransferase (COMT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) enzymes. Some structural insights about the compounds were found to enhance or decrease the neuroprotection activity. Based on the results, four quinoline derivatives are proposed as candidates to act as multifunctional antioxidants against Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, México City 09310, Mexico; (L.F.H.-A.); (E.G.G.-L.)
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Pérez-González A, Castañeda-Arriaga R, Guzmán-López EG, Hernández-Ayala LF, Galano A. Chalcone Derivatives with a High Potential as Multifunctional Antioxidant Neuroprotectors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:38254-38268. [PMID: 36340167 PMCID: PMC9631883 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A systematic, rational search for chalcone derivatives with multifunctional behavior has been carried out, with the support of a computer-assisted protocol (CADMA-Chem). A total of 568 derivatives were constructed by incorporating functional groups into the chalcone structure. Selection scores were calculated from ADME properties, toxicity, and manufacturability descriptors. They were used to select a subset of molecules (23) with the best drug-like behavior. Reactivity indices were calculated for this subset. They were chosen to account for electron and hydrogen atom donating capabilities, which are key processes for antioxidant activity. The indexes showed that four chalcone derivatives (dCHA-279, dCHA-568, dCHA-553, and dCHA-283) are better electron and H donors than the parent molecule and some reference antioxidants (Trolox, ascorbic acid, and α-tocopherol). In addition, based on molecular docking, they are predicted to act as catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors. Therefore, these four molecules are proposed as promising candidates to act as multifunctional antioxidants with neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Pérez-González
- CONACYT
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Iztapalapa Avenida Ferrocarril
San Rafael Atlixco, número 186, Colonia Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, Código Postal 09310, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Romina Castañeda-Arriaga
- Departamento
de Química. Universidad Autónoma
Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco, número 186, Colonia Leyes
de Reforma 1A Sección, Alcaldía
Iztapalapa, Código Postal 09310, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo Gabriel Guzmán-López
- Departamento
de Química. Universidad Autónoma
Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco, número 186, Colonia Leyes
de Reforma 1A Sección, Alcaldía
Iztapalapa, Código Postal 09310, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis Felipe Hernández-Ayala
- Departamento
de Química. Universidad Autónoma
Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco, número 186, Colonia Leyes
de Reforma 1A Sección, Alcaldía
Iztapalapa, Código Postal 09310, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento
de Química. Universidad Autónoma
Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco, número 186, Colonia Leyes
de Reforma 1A Sección, Alcaldía
Iztapalapa, Código Postal 09310, Ciudad de México, México
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Guzman-Lopez EG, Reina M, Perez-Gonzalez A, Francisco-Marquez M, Hernandez-Ayala LF, Castañeda-Arriaga R, Galano A. CADMA-Chem: A Computational Protocol Based on Chemical Properties Aimed to Design Multifunctional Antioxidants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13246. [PMID: 36362034 PMCID: PMC9658414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A computational protocol aimed to design new antioxidants with versatile behavior is presented. It is called Computer-Assisted Design of Multifunctional Antioxidants and is based on chemical properties (CADMA-Chem). The desired multi-functionality consists of in different methods of antioxidant protection combined with neuroprotection, although the protocol can also be used to pursue other health benefits. The dM38 melatonin derivative is used as a study case to illustrate the protocol in detail. This was found to be a highly promising candidate for the treatment of neurodegeneration, in particular Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. This also has the desired properties of an oral-drug, which is significantly better than Trolox for scavenging free radicals, and has chelates redox metals, prevents the ●OH production, via Fenton-like reactions, repairs oxidative damage in biomolecules (lipids, proteins, and DNA), and acts as a polygenic neuroprotector by inhibiting catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAOB). To the best of our best knowledge, CADMA-Chem is currently the only protocol that simultaneously involves the analyses of drug-like behavior, toxicity, manufacturability, versatile antioxidant protection, and receptor-ligand binding affinities. It is expected to provide a starting point that helps to accelerate the discovery of oral drugs with the potential to prevent, or slow down, multifactorial human health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Gabriel Guzman-Lopez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Mexico City 09310, Mexico
| | - Miguel Reina
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Adriana Perez-Gonzalez
- CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Mexico City 09310, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Felipe Hernandez-Ayala
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Mexico City 09310, Mexico
| | - Romina Castañeda-Arriaga
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Mexico City 09310, Mexico
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Mexico City 09310, Mexico
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Akhtar MJ, Yar MS, Grover G, Nath R. Neurological and psychiatric management using COMT inhibitors: A review. Bioorg Chem 2020; 94:103418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Gallardo E, Sarria B, Espartero JL, Gonzalez Correa JA, Bravo-Clemente L, Mateos R. Evaluation of the Bioavailability and Metabolism of Nitroderivatives of Hydroxytyrosol Using Caco-2 and HepG2 Human Cell Models. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:2289-2297. [PMID: 26915652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Considering that nitrocatechols present putative effects against Parkinson's disease, the absorption and metabolism of nitroderivatives of hydroxytyrosol (HT) were assessed using human cell model systems. The test compounds nitrohydroxytyrosol (NO2HT), nitrohydroxytyrosyl acetate (NO2HT-A), and ethyl nitrohydroxytyrosyl ether (NO2HT-E) were efficiently transferred across human Caco-2 cell monolayers as an intestinal barrier model, NO2HT-A and NO2HT-E being better (p < 0.05) absorbed (absorption rate (AR) = 1.4 ± 0.1 and 1.5 ± 0.2, respectively) than their precursor, NO2HT (AR = 1.1 ± 0.1). A significant amount of the absorbed compounds remained unconjugated (81, 70, and 33% for NO2HT, NO2HT-A, and NO2HT-E, respectively) after incubation in Caco-2 cells, being available for hepatic metabolism. Nitrocatechols were extensively taken up and metabolized by human hepatoma HepG2 cells as a model of the human liver. Both studies revealed extensive hydrolysis of NO2HT-A into NO2HT, whereas NO2HT-E was not hydrolyzed. Glucuronide (75-55%), methylglucuronide (25-33%), and methyl derivatives (0-12%) were the main nitrocatechol metabolites detected after metabolism in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells. In conclusion, NO2HT, NO2HT-A, and NO2HT-E show high in vitro bioavailability and are extensively metabolized by hepatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gallardo
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC , Madrid, Spain
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Malaga , Malaga, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sarria
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC , Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Espartero
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Laura Bravo-Clemente
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC , Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Mateos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC , Madrid, Spain
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6
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Hatstat AK, Morris M, Peterson LW, Cafiero M. Ab initio study of electronic interaction energies and desolvation energies for dopaminergic ligands in the catechol-O-methyltransferase active site. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gallardo E, Madrona A, Palma-Valdés R, Espartero JL, Santiago M. Effect of intracerebral hydroxytyrosol and its nitroderivatives on striatal dopamine metabolism: A study by in vivo microdialysis. Life Sci 2015; 134:30-5. [PMID: 26032260 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The natural phenolic oil compound hydroxytyrosol (HTy) is widely studied because of its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Nitroderivatives of HTy have been studied in order to evaluate their putative effects on catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity. MAIN METHODS To study its effect on dopamine metabolism, nitrohydroxytyrosol and its lipophilic derivatives (nitrohydroxytyrosyl acetate and ethyl nitrohydroxytyrosyl ether), were administered into the rat corpus striatum through a microdialysis probe. Other catechols (HTy and the known COMT inhibitor Ro 41-0960) were also studied for comparison. KEY FINDINGS The olive oil phenolic compounds (nitroderivatives and HTy) increased extracellular levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid during the perfusion with similar maximum values to that of Ro 41-0960 when comparing to basal dialysate levels (approximately 140%). None of the compound series produced a decrease in the homovanillic acid extracellular levels below 75%. Among all novel compounds studied, both lipophilic nitrocatechols (nitrohydroxytyrosyl acetate and ethyl nitrohydroxytyrosyl ether) showed a long-acting effect over time once the perfusion through the microdialysis probe ended. SIGNIFICANCE In accordance with the actual design of novel COMT inhibitors with a long profile, our results suggest a certain influence of the side chain substituent on the COMT activity that could provide new lipophilic COMT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gallardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Andrés Madrona
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Palma-Valdés
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - José Luis Espartero
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Marti Santiago
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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8
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Kiss LE, Soares-da-Silva P. Medicinal chemistry of catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors and their therapeutic utility. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8692-717. [PMID: 25080080 DOI: 10.1021/jm500572b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) is the enzyme responsible for the O-methylation of endogenous neurotransmitters and of xenobiotic substances and hormones incorporating catecholic structures. COMT is a druggable biological target for the treatment of various central and peripheral nervous system disorders, including Parkinson's disease, depression, schizophrenia, and other dopamine deficiency-related diseases. The purpose of this perspective is fourfold: (i) to summarize the physiological role of COMT inhibitors in central and peripheral nervous system disorders; (ii) to provide the history and perspective of the medicinal chemistry behind the discovery and development of COMT inhibitors; (iii) to discuss how the physicochemical properties of recognized COMT inhibitors are understood to exert influence over their pharmacological properties; and (iv) to evaluate the clinical benefits of the most relevant COMT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- László E Kiss
- Department of Research & Development, BIAL - Portela & Ca, S.A. , À Avenida da Siderurgia Nacional, 4745-457 S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
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Nuno Palma P, Kiss LE, Soares‐da‐Silva P. Catechol‐O‐Methyl‐Transferase Inhibitors: Present Problems and Relevance of the New Ones. EMERGING DRUGS AND TARGETS FOR PARKINSON’S DISEASE 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849737357-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Levodopa, in association with a DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor (e.g., carbidopa or benserazide) has for many years been the undisputed gold standard drug for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, given its rapid disposition and elimination in the periphery, it was hypothesized that significant enhancements in levodopa bioavailability and clinical efficacy could be achieved through co‐adjuvant therapy with a catechol‐O‐methyl‐transferase (COMT) inhibitor. Early attempts, dating back to the late 1950s, to discover COMT inhibitors were generally hampered by their lack of in vivo efficacy, target selectivity or by considerable toxicity. It was not until the late 1990s that entacapone and tolcapone, representatives of a new class of potent COMT inhibitors (nitrocatechol derivatives), made their way to clinical practice for the treatment of PD. Even though these drugs have since contributed to an increase in the usefulness of levodopa therapy, each of them presents known limitations, namely concerning their clinical efficacy and safety. The unmet medical need for more efficacious and safer COMT inhibitors has motivated intense research in this field over the last decade. Opicapone is the first, third‐generation COMT inhibitor among the nitrocatechol derivatives under clinical development, and demonstrates superior pharmacodynamic and safety profiles in humans, over previous drugs. In this chapter, we review the major advances in this field, summarize the relevant non‐clinical and clinical human pharmacology and discuss new insights into the mechanism of action of opicapone.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Nuno Palma
- Department of Research & Development, BIAL – Portela & Ca, S.A. À Avenida da Siderurgia Nacional, Mamede do Coronado Portugal
| | - László E. Kiss
- Department of Research & Development, BIAL – Portela & Ca, S.A. À Avenida da Siderurgia Nacional, Mamede do Coronado Portugal
| | - Patrício Soares‐da‐Silva
- Department of Research & Development, BIAL – Portela & Ca, S.A. À Avenida da Siderurgia Nacional, Mamede do Coronado Portugal
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine University Porto Porto, Portugal
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Sousa e Silva JP, Lobo JS, Bonifácio MJ, Machado R, Falcão A, Soares-da-Silva P. In-vivo evaluation of prolonged release bilayer tablets of anti-Parkinson drugs in Göttingen minipigs. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 63:780-5. [PMID: 21585375 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Patients with Parkinson's disease can benefit from controlled released levodopa dosage forms since there is a clear clinical advantage in obtaining sustained plasma concentrations. The purpose of this study was to obtain a tablet that prolonged the release of levodopa.
Methods
A novel bilayer tablet, consisting of an immediate release layer containing nebicapone (100 mg) and an erosion-matrix type prolonged release layer containing levodopa (100 mg) and carbidopa (25 mg) was developed (LCN PR). A pharmacokinetic study in Göttingen minipigs was performed to evaluate this formulation.
Key findings
LCN PR tablets prolonged the in-vitro release of levodopa in HCl 0.1 m for more than 3 h. In-vivo plasma levodopa levels peaked at a later time point with LCN PR tablets as compared with that obtained with Sinemet 100/25 (2.7 vs 0.5 h). Nebicapone increased the maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration–time curve values for levodopa.
Conclusions
The results obtained suggested that LCN PR tablets may have decreased the number of tablets and daily intake in the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Paulo Sousa e Silva
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, S.A., São Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
| | - José S Lobo
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, S.A., São Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
| | - Maria J Bonifácio
- Department of Research and Development, Bial – Portela & C, S.A., São Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
| | - Rita Machado
- Department of Research and Development, Bial – Portela & C, S.A., São Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrício Soares-da-Silva
- Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, S.A., São Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
- Department of Research and Development, Bial – Portela & C, S.A., São Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
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Kiss LE, Ferreira HS, Torrão L, Bonifácio MJ, Palma PN, Soares-da-Silva P, Learmonth DA. Discovery of a long-acting, peripherally selective inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3396-411. [PMID: 20334432 DOI: 10.1021/jm1001524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel nitrocatechol-substituted heterocycles were designed and evaluated for their ability to inhibit catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Replacement of the pyrazole core of the initial hit 4 with a 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring resulted in a series of compounds endowed with longer duration of COMT inhibition. Incorporation of a pyridine N-oxide residue at position 3 of the 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring led to analogue 37f, which was found to possess activity comparable to entacapone and lower toxicity in comparison to tolcapone. Lead structure 37f was systematically modified in order to improve selectivity and duration of COMT inhibition as well as to minimize toxicity. Oxadiazole 37d (2,5-dichloro-3-(5-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-4,6-dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (BIA 9-1067)) was identified as a long-acting, purely peripheral inhibitor, which is currently under clinical evaluation as an adjunct to L-Dopa therapy of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- László E Kiss
- Laboratory of Chemistry, BIAL, A Avenida da Siderurgia Nacional, 4745-457 S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
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Nissinen E, Männistö PT. Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2010; 95:73-118. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-381326-8.00005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Learmonth DA, Kiss LE, Soares-da-Silva P. The Chemistry of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2010; 95:119-62. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-381326-8.00006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Nunes VS, Bonifácio MJ, Queiroz JA, Passarinha LA. Assessment of COMT isolation by HIC using a dual salt system and low temperature. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 24:858-62. [PMID: 20024892 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V S Nunes
- CICS-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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Ai C, Wang Y, Li Y, Li Y, Yang L. A 3-D QSAR Study of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors Using CoMFA and CoMSIA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200730053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Rutherford K, Le Trong I, Stenkamp R, Parson W. Crystal Structures of Human 108V and 108M Catechol O-Methyltransferase. J Mol Biol 2008; 380:120-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Manikumar G, Jin C, Rehder KS. Convenient Synthesis of Tolcapone, a Selective Catechol‐O‐methyltransferase Inhibitor. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910701821077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Govindarajan Manikumar
- a Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Science and Engineering Group , Research Triangle Institute , North Carolina, USA
| | - Chunyang Jin
- a Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Science and Engineering Group , Research Triangle Institute , North Carolina, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Rehder
- a Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Science and Engineering Group , Research Triangle Institute , North Carolina, USA
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18
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Bonifácio MJ, Palma PN, Almeida L, Soares‐da‐Silva P. Catechol-O-methyltransferase and its inhibitors in Parkinson's disease. CNS DRUG REVIEWS 2007; 13:352-79. [PMID: 17894650 PMCID: PMC6494163 DOI: 10.1111/j.1527-3458.2007.00020.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, with consequent reduction in striatal dopamine levels leading to characteristic motor symptoms. The most effective treatment for this disease continues to be the dopamine replacement therapy with levodopa together with an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). The efficacy of this therapy, however, decreases with time and most patients develop fluctuating responses and dyskinesias. The last decade showed that the use of catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors as adjuvants to the levodopa/AADC inhibitor therapy, significantly improves the clinical benefits of this therapy. The purpose of this article is to review the current knowledge on the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and the role of COMT inhibitors in PD as a new therapeutic approach to PD involving conversion of levodopa to dopamine at the target region in the brain and facilitation of the continuous action of this amine at the receptor sites. A historical overview of the discovery and development of COMT inhibitors is presented with a special emphasis on nebicapone, presently under clinical development, as well as entacapone and tolcapone, which are already approved as adjuncts in the therapy of PD. This article reviews human pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of these drugs as well as their clinical efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Bonifácio
- Department of Research and Development, BIAL (Portela & Co S.A.), S Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
| | - P. Nuno Palma
- Department of Research and Development, BIAL (Portela & Co S.A.), S Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
| | - Luís Almeida
- Department of Research and Development, BIAL (Portela & Co S.A.), S Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrício Soares‐da‐Silva
- Department of Research and Development, BIAL (Portela & Co S.A.), S Mamede do Coronado, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
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Palma PN, Rodrigues ML, Archer M, Bonifácio MJ, Loureiro AI, Learmonth DA, Carrondo MA, Soares-da-Silva P. Comparative Study ofortho-andmeta-Nitrated Inhibitors of Catechol-O-methyltransferase: Interactions with the Active Site and Regioselectivity ofO-Methylation. Mol Pharmacol 2006; 70:143-53. [PMID: 16618795 DOI: 10.1124/mol.106.023119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present a comparative case study of "ortho-" and "meta-nitrated" catecholic inhibitors of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), with regard to their interaction with the catalytic site of the enzyme and the in vitro regioselective formation of their mono-O-methyl ether metabolites. In particular, the effects of altering the attachment position of the inhibitors' side-chain substituent, within the classic nitrocatechol pharmacophore, were investigated. For this purpose, we compared two simple regioisomeric nitrocatechol-type inhibitors of COMT, BIA 3-228 and BIA 8-176, which contain the benzoyl substituent attached at the meta and ortho positions, respectively, relative to the nitro group. The two compounds were slowly O-methylated by COMT in vitro, but the particular substitution pattern of each compound was shown to have a profound impact on the regioselectivity of their O-methylation. To provide a plausible interpretation of these results, a comprehensive analysis of the protein-inhibitor interactions and of the relative chemical susceptibility to O-methylation of the catechol hydroxyl groups was performed by means of docking simulations and ab initio molecular orbital calculations. The major structural and chemical factors that determine the enzyme regioselectivity of O-methylation were identified, and the X-ray structure of the complex of COMT with S-adenosyl-l-methionine and BIA 8-176 is herein disclosed. This is the first reported structure of the soluble form of COMT complexed with a nitrocatecholic inhibitor having a bulky substituent group in adjacent position (ortho) to the nitro group. Structural and dynamic aspects of this complex are analyzed and discussed, in the context of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Palma
- Department of Research and Development, Bial., A. Av. da Siderurgia Nacional, 4745-457 S. Mamede do Coronado, Trofa, Portugal.
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