1
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A review of synthetic methods of 1,2,4-triazolopyridines and their therapeutic properties. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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2
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Phillips JE. Inhaled Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) Inhibitors for Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:259. [PMID: 32226383 PMCID: PMC7080983 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PDE4 inhibitors can suppress a variety of inflammatory cell functions that contribute to their anti-inflammatory actions in respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The systemically delivered PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast has been approved for use in a subset of patients with severe COPD with chronic bronchitis and a history of exacerbations. Use of systemically delivered PDE4 inhibitors has been limited by systemic side effects. Inhaled PDE4 inhibitors have been considered as a viable alternative to increase tolerability and determine the maximum therapeutic potential of PDE4 inhibition in respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E. Phillips
- Department of Inflammation Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, United States
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3
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Pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-2-thioxo-4-ones derivatives as thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors: Structure, drug-like calculations and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) modeling. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Keerthy HK, Mohan S, Basappa, Bharathkumar H, Rangappa S, Svensson F, Bender A, Mohan CD, Rangappa KS, Bhatnagar R. Triazole-Pyridine Dicarbonitrile Targets Phosphodiesterase 4 to Induce Cytotoxicity in Lung Carcinoma Cells. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900234. [PMID: 31287204 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a key enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and widely expressed in several types of cancers. The inhibition of PDE4 results in an increased concentration of intracellular cAMP levels that imparts the anti-inflammatory response in the target cells. In the present report, two series of triazolo-pyridine dicarbonitriles and substituted dihydropyridine dicarbonitriles were synthesized using green protocol (TBAB in refluxed water). We next evaluated the title compounds for their cytotoxicity towards lung cancer (A549) cells and identified 7'-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5'-oxo-1',5'-dihydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,2'-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine]-6',8'-dicarbonitrile (5h) and 7'-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5'-oxo-1',5'-dihydrospiro[cyclohexane-1,2'-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine]-6',8'-dicarbonitrile (5j) as lead analogs with the IC50 values of 15.2 and 24.1 μm, respectively. Furthermore, all the new compounds were tested for PDE4 inhibitory activity and 5j showed relatively good inhibitory activity towards PDE4 with inhibition of 50.9 % at 10 μm. In silico analysis demonstrated the favorable interaction of the title compounds with the target enzyme. Taken together, the present study introduces a new scaffold for the development of novel PDE4 inhibitors to fight against inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosadurga K Keerthy
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Post Graduate Studies and Research, St. Agnes College, Bendur, Mangalore, 575002, India.,Center for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Surender Mohan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Basappa
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College campus, Palace Road, Bangalore, 560001, India.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Studies in Organic Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, India
| | - Hanumantharayappa Bharathkumar
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College campus, Palace Road, Bangalore, 560001, India
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, BG Nagara, 571448, Nagamangala Taluk, Mandya District, India
| | - Fredrick Svensson
- Center for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Bender
- Center for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Rakesh Bhatnagar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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5
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Bechara WS, Khazhieva IS, Rodriguez E, Charette AB. One-pot synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazoles via the addition of hydrazides to activated secondary amides. Org Lett 2015; 17:1184-7. [PMID: 25700199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A general approach has been developed for the one-pot synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazoles from secondary amides and hydrazides via triflic anhydride activation followed by microwave-induced cyclodehydration. In addition, the 1,2,4-triazole moiety is shown to be a useful directing group for Ru-catalyzed C-H arylation. Access to 1,2,4-triazolophenanthridine can be achieved from the reaction products using a Pd-catalyzed intramolecular C-H functionalization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Bechara
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal , P.O. Box 6128, Station Downtown, Montréal, Québec Canada H3C 3J7
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6
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Ochiana SO, Bland ND, Settimo L, Campbell RK, Pollastri MP. Repurposing human PDE4 inhibitors for neglected tropical diseases. Evaluation of analogs of the human PDE4 inhibitor GSK-256066 as inhibitors of PDEB1 of Trypanosoma brucei. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 85:549-64. [PMID: 25283372 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have been identified as important enzyme targets for drug development in both humans and Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis. With this in mind, we recently reported the profiling of a range of human phosphodiesterase inhibitors, showing that human PDE4 inhibitors tend to display the best potency against the trypanosomal phosphodiesterase TbrPDEB1. Among these was GSK-256066, a potent inhibitor of human PDE4 and a weak inhibitor of TbrPDEB1. In this report, we describe the results of a structure-activity relationship study of this chemotype, leading to the discovery of analogs with improved potency against TbrPDEB1 and micromolar inhibition of T. brucei cellular growth. We rationalize the potency trends via molecular docking of the new inhibitors into a recently reported apo structure of TbrPDEB1. The studies in this article will inform future efforts in repurposing human PDE inhibitors as antitrypanosomal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan O Ochiana
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 417 Egan Research Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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7
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Amata E, Bland ND, Hoyt CT, Settimo L, Campbell RK, Pollastri MP. Repurposing human PDE4 inhibitors for neglected tropical diseases: design, synthesis and evaluation of cilomilast analogues as Trypanosoma brucei PDEB1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4084-9. [PMID: 25127163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A medicinal chemistry exploration of the human phosphodiesterase 4 (hPDE4) inhibitor cilomilast (1) was undertaken in order to identify inhibitors of phosphodiesterase B1 of Trypanosoma brucei (TbrPDEB1). T. brucei is the parasite which causes African sleeping sickness, a neglected tropical disease that affects thousands each year, and TbrPDEB1 has been shown to be an essential target of therapeutic relevance. Noting that 1 is a weak inhibitor of TbrPDEB1, we report the design and synthesis of analogs of this compound, culminating in 12b, a sub-micromolar inhibitor of TbrPDEB1 that shows modest inhibition of T. brucei proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Amata
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 417 Egan Research Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicholas D Bland
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Charles T Hoyt
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 417 Egan Research Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luca Settimo
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 417 Egan Research Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert K Campbell
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Michael P Pollastri
- Northeastern University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 417 Egan Research Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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8
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Abbott-Banner KH, Page CP. Dual PDE3/4 and PDE4 inhibitors: novel treatments for COPD and other inflammatory airway diseases. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 114:365-76. [PMID: 24517491 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 and dual PDE3/4 inhibitors have attracted considerable interest as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of respiratory diseases, largely by virtue of their anti-inflammatory (PDE4) and bifunctional bronchodilator/anti-inflammatory (PDE3/4) effects. Many of these agents have, however, failed in early development for various reasons, including dose-limiting side effects when administered orally and lack of sufficient activity when inhaled. Indeed, only one selective PDE4 inhibitor, the orally active roflumilast-n-oxide, has to date received marketing authorization. The majority of the compounds that have failed were, however, orally administered and non-selective for either PDE3 (A,B) or PDE4 (A,B,C,D) subtypes. Developing an inhaled dual PDE3/4 inhibitor that is rapidly cleared from the systemic circulation, potentially with subtype specificity, may represent one strategy to improve the therapeutic index and also exhibit enhanced efficacy versus inhibition of either PDE3 or PDE4 alone, given the potential positive interactions with regard to anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator effects that have been observed pre-clinically with dual inhibition of PDE3 and PDE4 compared with inhibition of either isozyme alone. This MiniReview will summarize recent clinical data obtained with PDE inhibitors and the potential for these drugs to treat COPD and other inflammatory airways diseases such as asthma and cystic fibrosis.
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9
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Armani E, Amari G, Rizzi A, De Fanti R, Ghidini E, Capaldi C, Carzaniga L, Caruso P, Guala M, Peretto I, La Porta E, Bolzoni PT, Facchinetti F, Carnini C, Moretto N, Patacchini R, Bassani F, Cenacchi V, Volta R, Amadei F, Capacchi S, Delcanale M, Puccini P, Catinella S, Civelli M, Villetti G. Novel class of benzoic acid ester derivatives as potent PDE4 inhibitors for inhaled administration in the treatment of respiratory diseases. J Med Chem 2014; 57:793-816. [PMID: 24400806 DOI: 10.1021/jm401549m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The first steps in the selection process of a new anti-inflammatory drug for the inhaled treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are herein described. A series of novel ester derivatives of 1-(3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-(3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl) ethanol have been synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity toward cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4). In particular, esters of variously substituted benzoic acids were extensively explored, and structural modification of the alcoholic and benzoic moieties were performed to maximize the inhibitory potency. Several compounds with high activity in cell-free and cell-based assays were obtained. Through the evaluation of opportune in vitro ADME properties, a potential candidate suitable for inhaled administration in respiratory diseases was identified and tested in an in vivo model of pulmonary inflammation, proving its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Armani
- Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Nuovo Centro Ricerche , Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
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10
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Ting PC, Lee JF, Kuang R, Cao J, Gu D, Huang Y, Liu Z, Aslanian RG, Feng KI, Prelusky D, Lamca J, House A, Phillips JE, Wang P, Wu P, Lundell D, Chapman RW, Celly CS. Discovery of oral and inhaled PDE4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5528-32. [PMID: 24018187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of oxazole-based PDE4 inhibitor 1 has led to the identification of both oral (compound 16) and inhaled (compound 34) PDE4 inhibitors. Selectivity against PDE10/PDE11, off target screening, and in vivo activity in the rat are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline C Ting
- Department of Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 E. Lincoln Ave., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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11
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Ábrányi-Balogh P, Milen M, Dancsó A, Frigyes D, Pongó L, Keglevich G. Synthesis of Dihydrothienopyridine Derivatives Fused with Triazole Rings. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Ábrányi-Balogh
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; 1521; Budapest; Hungary
| | | | - András Dancsó
- EGIS Pharmaceuticals PLC.; Division for Chemical Research; 1475; Budapest; Hungary
| | - Dávid Frigyes
- EGIS Pharmaceuticals PLC.; Division for Chemical Research; 1475; Budapest; Hungary
| | - László Pongó
- EGIS Pharmaceuticals PLC.; Division for Chemical Research; 1475; Budapest; Hungary
| | - György Keglevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; 1521; Budapest; Hungary
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12
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Kümmerle AE, Schmitt M, Cardozo SVS, Lugnier C, Villa P, Lopes AB, Romeiro NC, Justiniano H, Martins MA, Fraga CAM, Bourguignon JJ, Barreiro EJ. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of N-Acylhydrazones and Novel Conformationally Constrained Compounds as Selective and Potent Orally Active Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7525-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300514y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur E. Kümmerle
- Laboratório de Avaliacão
e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 68023, RJ 21944-971, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação
em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil
| | - Martine Schmitt
- Laboratoire d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route
du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Suzana V. S. Cardozo
- Laboratório de Inflamação,
Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacodinâmica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação
em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências
Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claire Lugnier
- Biophotonique et Pharmacologie,
UMR7213, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden,
France
| | - Pascal Villa
- Plate-forme de Chimie Biologie
Integrative
de Strasbourg (PCBIS), UMR3286, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Ecole Supérieur de Biotechnologie
et Faculté de Pharmacie, Boulevard Sebastien Brant, 67412 Illkirch-Graffenstaden,
France
| | - Alexandra B. Lopes
- Laboratório de Avaliacão
e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 68023, RJ 21944-971, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação
em Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil
| | - Nelilma C. Romeiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)-Macaé-Rua Aluísio
da Silva Gomes, 50 Granja dos Cavaleiros, 27930-560 Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil
| | - Hélène Justiniano
- Biophotonique et Pharmacologie,
UMR7213, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden,
France
| | - Marco A. Martins
- Laboratório de Inflamação,
Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacodinâmica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil
| | - Carlos A. M. Fraga
- Laboratório de Avaliacão
e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 68023, RJ 21944-971, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação
em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências
Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jean-Jacques Bourguignon
- Laboratoire d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route
du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Eliezer J. Barreiro
- Laboratório de Avaliacão
e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 68023, RJ 21944-971, Brazil
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13
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Shyamsunder Reddy T, Shiva Kumar K, Meda CL, Kandale A, Rambabu D, Rama Krishna G, Hariprasad C, Venugopala Rao V, Venkataiah S, Malla Reddy C, Naidu A, Dubey P, Parsa KV, Pal M. Conformationally restricted novel pyrazole derivatives: Synthesis of 1,8-disubstituted 5,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]indazoles as a new class of PDE4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3248-55. [PMID: 22464134 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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14
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Mustyala KK, Chitturi AR, Naikal James PS, Vuruputuri U. Pharmacophore mapping and in silico screening to identify new potent leads for A2Aadenosine receptor as antagonists. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2012; 32:102-13. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2012.660532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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15
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Tralau-Stewart CJ, Williamson RA, Nials AT, Gascoigne M, Dawson J, Hart GJ, Angell ADR, Solanke YE, Lucas FS, Wiseman J, Ward P, Ranshaw LE, Knowles RG. GSK256066, an exceptionally high-affinity and selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 suitable for administration by inhalation: in vitro, kinetic, and in vivo characterization. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 337:145-54. [PMID: 21205923 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.110.173690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 inhibitors such as roflumilast have established the potential of PDE4 inhibition for the treatment of respiratory diseases. However, PDE4 inhibitor efficacy is limited by mechanism-related side effects such as emesis and nausea. Delivering the inhibitor by the inhaled route may improve therapeutic index, and we describe 6-({3-[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)-8-methyl-4-{[3-methyloxy) phenyl]amino}-3-quinolinecarboxamide (GSK256066), an exceptionally high-affinity inhibitor of PDE4 designed for inhaled administration. GSK256066 is a slow and tight binding inhibitor of PDE4B (apparent IC(50) 3.2 pM; steady-state IC(50) <0.5 pM), which is more potent than any previously documented compound, for example, roflumilast (IC(50) 390 pM), tofimilast (IC(50) 1.6 nM), and cilomilast (IC(50) 74 nM). Consistent with this, GSK256066 inhibited tumor necrosis factor α production by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human peripheral blood monocytes with 0.01 nM IC(50) (compared with IC(50) values of 5, 22, and 389 nM for roflumilast, tofimilast, and cilomilast, respectively) and by LPS-stimulated whole blood with 126 pM IC(50). GSK256066 was highly selective for PDE4 (>380,000-fold versus PDE1, PDE2, PDE3, PDE5, and PDE6 and >2500-fold against PDE7), inhibited PDE4 isoforms A-D with equal affinity, and had a substantial high-affinity rolipram binding site ratio (>17). When administered intratracheally to rats, GSK256066 inhibited LPS-induced pulmonary neutrophilia with ED(50) values of 1.1 μg/kg (aqueous suspension) and 2.9 μg/kg (dry powder formulation) and was more potent than an aqueous suspension of the corticosteroid fluticasone propionate (ED(50) 9.3 μg/kg). Thus, GSK256066 has been demonstrated to have exceptional potency in vitro and in vivo and is being clinically investigated as a treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy J Tralau-Stewart
- Drug Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Chen S, Xia Z, Nagai M, Lu R, Kostik E, Przewloka T, Song M, Chimmanamada D, James D, Zhang S, Jiang J, Ono M, Koya K, Sun L. Novel indolizine compounds as potent inhibitors of phosphodiesterase IV (PDE4): structure–activity relationship. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0md00215a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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17
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Giovannoni MP, Graziano A, Matucci R, Nesi M, Cesari N, Vergelli C, Biancalani C, Crocetti L, Cilibrizzi A, Dal Piaz V. Synthesis and evaluation as PDE4 inhibitors of pyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives. Drug Dev Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Ozturk T, Ertas E, Mert O. A Berzelius reagent, phosphorus decasulfide (P4S10), in organic syntheses. Chem Rev 2010; 110:3419-78. [PMID: 20429553 DOI: 10.1021/cr900243d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Turan Ozturk
- Istanbul Technical University, Science Faculty, Chemistry Department, Organic Chemistry, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
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19
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Chapman RW, House A, Richard J, Prelusky D, Lamca J, Wang P, Lundell D, Wu P, Ting PC, Lee JF, Aslanian R, Phillips JE. Pharmacology of a potent and selective inhibitor of PDE4 for inhaled administration. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 643:274-81. [PMID: 20621091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A strategy to overcome the side effect liabilities of oral PDE4 inhibitors has been to deliver the drugs by inhalation. In this report, we identify 1-[[5-(1(S)-aminoethly)-2-[8-methoxy-2-(triflurormethyl)-5-quinolinyl]-4-oxazolyl] carbonyl]-4(R)-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)amino]-L-proline, ethyl ester xinafoate salt, (COMPOUND 1) as a potent and selective inhibitor of PDE4 with biological and pharmacokinetic properties suitable for delivery by the inhaled route. COMPOUND 1 potently inhibits human PDE4 (IC(50)=70pM) with little or no activity against other PDEs. It is highly potent against PDE4B and PDE4D which are important isoforms of PDE4 controlling inflammation and airway functions. In an allergen-challenged Brown Norway rat model of asthma, COMPOUND 1 inhibited the late phase influx of inflammatory cells and reductions in lung function following its administration by the intratracheal or nose-only routes of administration. Important differences were seen between intratracheal COMPOUND 1 and our previously published results with the oral PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast (Celly et al., 2005), as COMPOUND 1 rapidly (within 1h) reversed the decline in lung function when it was given therapeutically to rats already challenged with antigen. COMPOUND 1 was weakly active by the oral route which is a finding consistent with results showing this compound has poor oral bioavailability in animals. Positive interactions between COMPOUND 1 and albuterol, and COMPOUND 1 and mometasone furoate were seen on the improvement in lung functions in allergen-challenged rats. These results identify COMPOUND 1 as a potent and selective inhibitor of PDE4 with properties suitable for delivery by inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Chapman
- Department of Bone, Respiratory, Immunology and Dermatology, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA.
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Pagès L, Gavaldà A, Lehner MD. PDE4 inhibitors: a review of current developments (2005 – 2009). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2009; 19:1501-19. [DOI: 10.1517/13543770903313753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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21
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Kagayama K, Morimoto T, Nagata S, Katoh F, Zhang X, Inoue N, Hashino A, Kageyama K, Shikaura J, Niwa T. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel phthalazinone derivatives as topically active phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:6959-70. [PMID: 19744860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) are an important class of anti-inflammatory drug that act by inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). We have synthesized and evaluated a series of 2-substituted phthalazinone derivatives as PDE4 inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship studies led to the identification of benzylamine-substituted phthalazinones as potent PDE4 inhibitors that also suppressed TNF-alpha production by whole rat blood cells. The most potent of these, when topically administered, were effective in a mouse model of dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kagayama
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd, 14 Nishinosho-Monguchi-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8550, Japan.
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Press NJ, Banner KH. PDE4 inhibitors - a review of the current field. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2009; 47:37-74. [PMID: 19328289 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(08)00202-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Press
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Horsham, West Sussex RH12 5AB, UK
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Kodimuthali A, Jabaris SSL, Pal M. Recent advances on phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Med Chem 2008; 51:5471-89. [PMID: 18686943 DOI: 10.1021/jm800582j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Kodimuthali
- New Drug Discovery, R & D Center, Matrix Laboratories Limited, Anrich Industrial Estate, Bollaram, Jinnaram Mandal, Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, 502 325, India
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Skoumbourdis AP, Huang R, Southall N, Leister W, Guo V, Cho MH, Inglese J, Nirenberg M, Austin CP, Xia M, Thomas CJ. Identification of a potent new chemotype for the selective inhibition of PDE4. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1297-303. [PMID: 18243697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Revised: 01/06/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of substituted 3,6-diphenyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines were prepared and analyzed as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4). Synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and the selectivity of a highly potent analogue against related phosphodiesterase isoforms are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P Skoumbourdis
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, 9800 Medical Center Drive, MSC 3370, Bethesda, MD 20892-3370, USA
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Halpin DMG. ABCD of the phosphodiesterase family: interaction and differential activity in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2008; 3:543-61. [PMID: 19281073 PMCID: PMC2650605 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are important enzymes that hydrolyze the cyclic nucleotides adenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) to their inactive 5' monophosphates. They are highly conserved across species and as well as their role in signal termination, they also have a vital role in intra-cellular localization of cyclic nucleotide signaling and integration of the cyclic nucleotide pathways with other signaling pathways. Because of their pivotal role in intracellular signaling, they are now of considerable interest as therapeutic targets in a wide variety diseases, including COPD where PDE inhibitors may have bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory and pulmonary vasodilator actions. This review examines the diversity and cellular localization of the isoforms of PDE, the known and speculative relevance of this to the treatment of COPD, and the range of PDE inhibitors in development together with a discussion of their possible role in treating COPD.
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Klingensmith LM, Bio MM, Moniz GA. Selective protodeboronation: synthesis of 4-methyl-2-thiopheneboronic anhydride and demonstration of its utility in Suzuki–Miyaura reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Vijayakrishnan L, Rudra S, Eapen MS, Dastidar S, Ray A. Small-molecule inhibitors of PDE-IV and -VII in the treatment of respiratory diseases and chronic inflammation. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007; 16:1585-99. [PMID: 17922623 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.16.10.1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Targeting phosphodiesterase IV (PDE-IV) with small-molecule inhibitors as a therapeutic for chronic inflammatory disorders has been an active area of research interest for many years. The major drawback, however, has been to develop pharmacophores that would differentiate between targeting isoforms of PDE-IV associated with inflammation, as opposed to those that cause emesis, a major side effect associated with PDE-IV inhibition. Several different approaches have been employed, including designing subtype selective PDE-IV inhibitors. A recent approach has been to develop chemotypes that target PDE-VII, a cAMP-specific PDE, expressed widely in immune and pro-inflammatory cells. It is hypothesized that dual inhibitors, which function to inhibit both PDE-IV and VII, may achieve a higher therapeutic index and thereby exhibit a lower propensity to cause adverse side effects that are characteristic when targeting PDE-IV alone. This review focuses on the major classes of compounds that are presently being studied for their potential to inhibit PDE-VII and discusses the available data in the development of dual PDE-IV and -VII inhibitors, their biologic activity and their scope as a therapeutic choice in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Vijayakrishnan
- Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd, Department of Pharmacology, New Drug Discovery Research (R & D III), Plot No. 20, Sector-18, Gurgaon-122 001, India.
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3D-QSAR Study of Potent Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase-4 Using a CoMFA Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.3390/i8070714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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