1
|
Correia C, Leite AC, Fraga AG, Proença MF, Pedrosa J, Carvalho MA. Discovery of 2,9-diaryl-6-carbamoylpurines as a novel class of antitubercular agents. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116297. [PMID: 38458108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
A series of novel 9-alkyl/aryl-2-aryl-6-carbamoylpurines were synthesized, and their activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv was assessed. The SAR analysis on the first set of derivatives, with an alkyl or aryl unit at N-9 and a phenolic unit at C-2, showed that the activity depends on the purine ring substituents at N-9 and C-2. A phenyl group at N-9 combined with a 3-hydroxyphenyl or 4-hydroxyphenyl at C-2 improve the activity. The most active compound of this set has a phenyl group at N-9 and a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at C-2, displaying an IC90 = 1.2 μg/mL and a selectivity index higher than 25.5. This compound served as a Hit to design the second set of derivatives. A phenyl group at N-9 was maintained, and the group at C-2 was diversified. The SAR analysis showed that the aryl unit at C-2 must have an oxygen or nitrogen atom bonded in the para position. A proton, a small alkyl or a substituted aryl group may also be bonded to the oxygen. The compound with the 4-methoxyphenyl group at C-2, 1Bd, exhibits the highest activity with an IC90 < 0.19 μg/mL. This compound is highly potent against M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv and non-toxic for VERO mammalian cells with an SI > 153.8. Compound 1Bd was also non-cytotoxic against primary macrophage cultures at IC90, 2xIC90, and 10xIC90 and significantly reduced the bacterial load in M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages at the same concentrations. Compound 1Bd showed a favorable pharmacokinetic profile when administered orally, with major lung and liver accumulation. In vivo antimycobacterial efficacy of 1Bd was tested at 25 mg/kg. At the tested regimen, a decrease in bacterial burden was observed in the liver. Optimization of the treatment regimen should be performed to fully potentiate the in vivo efficacy of our lead molecule, particularly in the lung, the main target organ of M. tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Correia
- CQUM - Centre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Claúdia Leite
- CQUM - Centre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; PT Government Associate Laboratory ICVS/3B's, Portugal
| | - Alexandra G Fraga
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; PT Government Associate Laboratory ICVS/3B's, Portugal
| | - M Fernanda Proença
- CQUM - Centre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Jorge Pedrosa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; PT Government Associate Laboratory ICVS/3B's, Portugal
| | - M Alice Carvalho
- CQUM - Centre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khandazhinskaya A, Eletskaya B, Mironov A, Konstantinova I, Efremenkova O, Andreevskaya S, Smirnova T, Chernousova L, Kondrashova E, Chizhov A, Seley-Radtke K, Kochetkov S, Matyugina E. New Flexible Analogues of 8-Aza-7-deazapurine Nucleosides as Potential Antibacterial Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15421. [PMID: 37895100 PMCID: PMC10607158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of ribo-, 2'-deoxyribo-, and 5'-norcarbocyclic derivatives of the 8-aza-7-deazahypoxanthine fleximer scaffolds were designed, synthesized, and screened for antibacterial activity. Both chemical and chemoenzymatic methods of synthesis for the 8-aza-7-deazainosine fleximers were compared. In the case of the 8-aza-7-deazahypoxanthine fleximer, the transglycosylation reaction proceeded with the formation of side products. In the case of the protected fleximer base, 1-(4-benzyloxypyrimidin-5-yl)pyrazole, the reaction proceeded selectively with formation of only one product. However, both synthetic routes to realize the fleximer ribonucleoside (3) worked with equal efficiency. The new compounds, as well as some 8-aza-7-deazapurine nucleosides synthesized previously, were studied against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and M. tuberculosis. It was shown that 1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-4-(2-aminopyridin-3-yl)pyrazole (19) and 1-(2',3',4'-trihydroxycyclopent-1'-yl)-4-(pyrimidin-4(3H)-on-5-yl)pyrazole (9) were able to inhibit the growth of M. smegmatis mc2 155 by 99% at concentrations (MIC99) of 50 and 13 µg/mL, respectively. Antimycobacterial activities were revealed for 4-(4-aminopyridin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol (10) and 1-(4'-hydroxy-2'-cyclopenten-1'-yl)-4-(4-benzyloxypyrimidin-5-yl)pyrazole (6). At concentrations (MIC99) of 40 and 20 µg/mL, respectively, the compounds resulted in 99% inhibition of M. tuberculosis growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Khandazhinskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Barbara Eletskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (B.E.); (A.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Anton Mironov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (B.E.); (A.M.); (I.K.)
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Konstantinova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (B.E.); (A.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Olga Efremenkova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Bol’shaya Pirogovskaya St. 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Sofya Andreevskaya
- Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, 2 Yauzskaya Alley, 107564 Moscow, Russia; (S.A.); (T.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Tatiana Smirnova
- Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, 2 Yauzskaya Alley, 107564 Moscow, Russia; (S.A.); (T.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Larisa Chernousova
- Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, 2 Yauzskaya Alley, 107564 Moscow, Russia; (S.A.); (T.S.); (L.C.)
| | - Evgenia Kondrashova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Alexander Chizhov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Katherine Seley-Radtke
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA;
| | - Sergey Kochetkov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Elena Matyugina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.K.); (S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Finger V, Kucera T, Kafkova R, Muckova L, Dolezal R, Kubes J, Novak M, Prchal L, Lakatos L, Andrs M, Hympanova M, Marek J, Kufa M, Spiwok V, Soukup O, Mezeiova E, Janousek J, Nevosadova L, Benkova M, Kitson RRA, Kratky M, Bősze S, Mikusova K, Hartkoorn R, Roh J, Korabecny J. 2,6-Disubstituted 7-(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-7H-purines as a new class of potent antitubercular agents inhibiting DprE1. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115611. [PMID: 37421887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic screening of an in-house library of small molecule purine derivatives against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) led to the identification of 2-morpholino-7-(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one 10 as a potent antimycobacterial agent with MIC99 of 4 μM. Thorough structure-activity relationship studies revealed the importance of 7-(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl) substitution for antimycobacterial activity, yet opened the possibility of structural modifications at positions 2 and 6 of the purine core. As the result, optimized analogues with 6-amino or ethylamino substitution 56 and 64, respectively, were developed. These compounds showed strong in vitro antimycobacterial activity with MIC of 1 μM against Mtb H37Rv and against several clinically isolated drug-resistant strains, had limited toxicity to mammalian cell lines, medium clearance with respect to phase I metabolic deactivation (27 and 16.8 μL/min/mg), sufficient aqueous solubility (>90 μM) and high plasma stability. Interestingly, investigated purines, including compounds 56 and 64, lacked activity against a panel of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains, indicating a specific mycobacterial molecular target. To investigate the mechanism of action, Mtb mutants resistant to hit compound 10 were isolated and their genomes were sequenced. Mutations were found in dprE1 (Rv3790), which encodes decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose oxidase DprE1, enzyme essential for the biosynthesis of arabinose, a vital component of the mycobacterial cell wall. Inhibition of DprE1 by 2,6-disubstituted 7-(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-7H-purines was proved using radiolabelling experiments in Mtb H37Rv in vitro. Finally, structure-binding relationships between selected purines and DprE1 using molecular modeling studies in tandem with molecular dynamic simulations revealed the key structural features for effective drug-target interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Finger
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Kucera
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska, 1575, 500 01, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Kafkova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubica Muckova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska, 1575, 500 01, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kubes
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Novak
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Levente Lakatos
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary
| | - Martin Andrs
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Hympanova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska, 1575, 500 01, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Marek
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska, 1575, 500 01, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kufa
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Spiwok
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Janousek
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Nevosadova
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Benkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Russell R A Kitson
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kratky
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary
| | - Katarina Mikusova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ruben Hartkoorn
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jaroslav Roh
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reddy DS, Sinha A, Kurjogi MM, Shanavaz H, Kumar A. Design, synthesis, molecular docking, and biological evaluation of coumarin-thymidine analogs as potent anti-TB agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200633. [PMID: 36634969 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
With the intent to discover new antituberculosis (TB) compounds, coumarin-thymidine analogs were synthesized using second-order nucleophilic substitution reactions of bromomethyl coumarin with thymidine. The newly synthesized coumarin-thymidine conjugates (1a-l) were characterized using IR, NMR, GC-MS, and CHN elemental analysis. The novel conjugates were found to exhibit potent anti-TB activity against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 Rv strain, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the active compounds ranging between 0.012 and 0.482 µM. Compound 1k was established as the most active candidate with a MIC of 0.012 µM. The toxicity study on HEK cells confirmed the nontoxic nature of compounds 1e, 1h, 1i, 1j, and 1k. Also, the most active compounds (1k, 1j, and 1e) were stable in the pH range from 2.5 to 10, indicating compatibility with the biophysical environment. Based on the pKa studies, compounds 1k, 1j, and 1e are capable of crossing lipid-membrane barriers and acting on target cells. Molecular docking studies on the M. tuberculosis β-oxidation trifunctional enzyme (PDB ID: 7O4V) were conducted to investigate the mechanisms of anti-TB activity. All compounds showed excellent hydrogen binding interactions and exceptional docking scores against M. tuberculosis, which was in accordance with the results. Compounds 1a-l possessed excellent affinity to proteins, with binding energies ranging from -7.4 to -8.7 kcal/mol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh S Reddy
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be-University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Anamika Sinha
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be-University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahantesh M Kurjogi
- Multi-Disciplinary Research Unit, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India
| | - H Shanavaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be-University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Anti-Mycobacterial Activity of Flavonoid and Pyrimidine Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196714. [PMID: 36235249 PMCID: PMC9572476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the anti-mycobacterial effect of a flavonoid 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) 4H-chromen-4-one (1) and two pyrimidines, 4-hydroxy-2-dimethylamino-5-nitroso-6-aminopyrimidine (2) and 2-chloro-5-n-nonylpyrimidine (3) in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis, H37Ra) and Mycobacterium avium (M. avium), using a Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA). The effects of the compounds 1-3 in combination with first- and second-line anti-TB drugs isoniazid, rifampicin, cycloserine, and clarithromycin on the growth of M. tuberculosis and M. avium were also evaluated in in vitro assays. As a single agent, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited modest activity while compound 3 was the most effective against M. tuberculosis and M. avium. When compounds 1-3 were evaluated at lower than 50% of their inhibitory concentrations in a two-drug combination with isoniazid or rifampicin, they showed additive to synergistic interactions. This inhibitory effect was improved when each of the three compounds was tested together in a three-drug combination with two of the first-line anti-TB drugs. Compounds 1-3 also demonstrated strong synergistic interaction in combination with cycloserine and clarithromycin in inhibiting the growth of M. tuberculosis and M. avium, respectively. This study demonstrated that compounds 1-3 have potential to be developed as effective anti-TB agents with combined use.
Collapse
|
6
|
Synthesis of Novel N4-Hydrocytidine Analogs as Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091144. [PMID: 36145365 PMCID: PMC9504122 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging global pandemic with severe morbidity and mortality caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Molnupiravir, an ester prodrug form of N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC), was recently emergency-use approved for the treatment of early SARS-CoV-2 infections. Herein, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a series of novel NHC analogs.
Collapse
|
7
|
Alexandrova LA, Khandazhinskaya AL, Matyugina ES, Makarov DA, Kochetkov SN. Analogues of Pyrimidine Nucleosides as Mycobacteria Growth Inhibitors. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071299. [PMID: 35889017 PMCID: PMC9322969 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the oldest human infection disease. Mortality from TB significantly decreased in the 20th century, because of vaccination and the widespread use of antibiotics. However, about a third of the world’s population is currently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the death rate from TB is about 1.4–2 million people per year. In the second half of the 20th century, new extensively multidrug-resistant strains of Mtb were identified, which are steadily increasing among TB patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new anti-TB drugs, which remains one of the priorities of pharmacology and medicinal chemistry. The antimycobacterial activity of nucleoside derivatives and analogues was revealed not so long ago, and a lot of studies on their antibacterial properties have been published. Despite the fact that there are no clinically used drugs based on nucleoside analogues, some progress has been made in this area. This review summarizes current research in the field of the design and study of inhibitors of mycobacteria, primarily Mtb.
Collapse
|
8
|
Volov AN, Volov NA, Platonova YB. Design and synthesis of novel 5-alkynyl pyrimidine nucleosides derivatives: Influence of C-6-substituent on antituberculosis activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 48:128261. [PMID: 34265421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We herein report new 5-substituted uridine derivatives as potent inhibitors of mycobacteria - causative agents of tuberculosis. A series of new 5-alkynyl-substituted uridine derivatives were synthesised via palladium-catalysed Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction of 5-iodo-6-methylpyrimidine base with terminal acetylenes with good yields in DMF at room temperature. It was found that methyl group in C-6 position of pyrimidine ring had no impact on yields of target compounds. All obtained compounds were evaluated for their antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacetrium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis at concentrations of 1-100 µg/ml using MABA test. Synthesized nucleosides showed high antimycobacterial activity against M. bovis and M. Tuberculosis. The MIC50 values of 11 and 13 were similar or close to that of the reference drug rifampicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Volov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Nikolai A Volov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Yana B Platonova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Severny proezd, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zampieri D, Mamolo MG. Hybridization Approach to Drug Discovery Inhibiting Mycobacterium tuberculosis-An Overview. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:777-788. [PMID: 32814528 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200819151342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, mainly due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Recently, clinical prognoses have worsened due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensive-drug resistant (XDR) tuberculosis, which lead to the need for new, efficient and safe drugs. Among the several strategies, polypharmacology could be considered one of the best solutions, in particular, the multitarget directed ligands strategy (MTDLs), based on the synthesis of hybrid ligands acting against two targets of the pathogen. The framework strategy comprises linking, fusing and merging approaches to develop new chemical entities. With these premises, this review aims to provide an overview of the recent hybridization approach, in medicinal chemistry, of the most recent and promising multitargeting antimycobacterial candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zampieri
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Maria G Mamolo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Platonova YB, Volov AN, Tomilova LG. The synthesis and antituberculosis activity of 5-alkynyl uracil derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
11
|
Gruzdev DA, Musiyak VV, Levit GL, Krasnov VP, Charushin VN. Purine derivatives with antituberculosis activity. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The review summarizes the data published over the last 10 – 15 years concerning the key groups of purine derivatives with antituberculosis activity. The structures of purines containing heteroatoms (S, O, N), fragments of heterocycles, amino acids and peptides, in the 6-position, as well as of purine nucleosides are presented. The possible targets for the action of such compounds and structure – activity relationship are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the most active compounds, which are of considerable interest as a basis for the development of efficient antituberculosis drugs.
The bibliography includes 99 references.
Collapse
|
12
|
Singh A, Biot C, Viljoen A, Dupont C, Kremer L, Kumar K, Kumar V. 1H
-1,2,3-triazole-tethered uracil-ferrocene and uracil-ferrocenylchalcone conjugates: Synthesis and antitubercular evaluation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 89:856-861. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar Punjab India
| | - Christophe Biot
- UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle; University of Lille; Lille France
- CNRS; UMR 8576; Lille France
| | - Albertus Viljoen
- CNRS; Centre d'étude d'agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Christian Dupont
- CNRS; Centre d'étude d'agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Laurent Kremer
- CNRS; Centre d'étude d'agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
- INSERM; CPBS; Montpellier France
| | - Kewal Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar Punjab India
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Giani Zail Singh Campus College of Engineering and Technology; MRSPTU; Bathinda Punjab India
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar Punjab India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Garg S, Shakya N, Srivastav NC, Agrawal B, Kunimoto DY, Kumar R. Investigation of C-5 alkynyl (alkynyloxy or hydroxymethyl) and/or N-3 propynyl substituted pyrimidine nucleoside analogs as a new class of antimicrobial agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:5521-5533. [PMID: 27665179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The resurgence of mycobacterial infections and the emergence of drug-resistant strains urgently require a new class of agents that are distinct than current therapies. A group of 5-ethynyl (6-10), 5-(2-propynyloxy) (16, 18, 20, 22, 24), 5-(2-propynyloxy)-3-N-(2-propynyl) (17, 19, 21, 23, 25) and 5-hydroxymethyl-3-N-(2-propynyl) (30-33) derivatives of pyrimidine nucleosides were synthesized and evaluated against mycobacteria [Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) and Mycobacterium avium], gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) alone and in combination with existing drugs in in vitro assays. Although several compounds exhibited marked inhibitory activity at a higher concentration against Mtb, M. bovis, S. aureus and E. faecalis, they displayed unexpected synergistic and additive interactions at their lower concentrations with antitubercular drugs isoniazid and rifampicin, and antibacterial drug gentamicin. The active analogues were also found to inhibit intracellular Mtb in a human monocytic cell line infected with H37Ra. Oral administration of 5-hydroxymethyl-3-N-(2-propynyl)-3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyuridine (32) and 5-hydroxymethyl-3-N-(2-propynyl)-2',3'-dideoxyuridine (33) at a dose of 100mg/kg for two weeks showed promising in vivo effects in mice infected with Mtb (H37Ra). No in vitro cytotoxicity of the test compounds was observed up to the highest concentration tested (CC50>300μg/mL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Garg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Neeraj Shakya
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Naveen C Srivastav
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Babita Agrawal
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Dennis Y Kunimoto
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mahajan PS, Nikam MD, Nawale LU, Khedkar VM, Sarkar D, Gill CH. Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of New Benzo[b]thiophenes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:751-6. [PMID: 27563398 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro and ex vivo efficacies of four series of benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid derivatives were studied against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (MTB). Benzo[b]thiophenes were also tested in vitro against multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (MDR-MTB), and 7b was found to be highly active against A- and D-MDR-MTB/MTB (MIC ranges 2.73-22.86 μg/mL). The activity of all benzo[b]thiophenes against M. bovis BCG (BCG) was also assessed grown under aerobic and under conditions of oxygen depletion. Compounds 8c and 8g showed significant activity with MICs of 0.60 and 0.61 μg/mL against dormant BCG. The low cytotoxicity and high selectivity index data against human cancer cell lines, HeLa, Panc-1, and THP-1 indicate the potential importance of the development of benzo[b]thiophene-based 1,3-diketones and flavones as lead candidates to treat mycobacterial infections. Molecular docking studies into the active site of DprE1 (Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose-2'-epimerase) enzyme revealed a similar binding mode to native ligand in the crystal structure thereby helping to understand the ligand-protein interactions and establish a structural basis for inhibition of MTB. In summary, its good activity in in vitro and ex vivo model, as well as its activity against multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis H37Ra in a potentially latent state, makes 7b an attractive drug candidate for the therapy of tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin S. Mahajan
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, 431 004 Maharashtra, India
| | - Mukesh D. Nikam
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, 431 004 Maharashtra, India
| | - Laxman U. Nawale
- Combi-Chem Resource
Centre, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
| | - Vijay M. Khedkar
- Combi-Chem Resource
Centre, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhiman Sarkar
- Combi-Chem Resource
Centre, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
| | - Charansingh H. Gill
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, 431 004 Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
De Coen LM, Heugebaert TSA, García D, Stevens CV. Synthetic Entries to and Biological Activity of Pyrrolopyrimidines. Chem Rev 2015; 116:80-139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurens M. De Coen
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas S. A. Heugebaert
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel García
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian V. Stevens
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Purine and pyrimidine nucleoside and nucleotide analogs have been extensively studied as anticancer and antiviral agents. In addition to this, they have recently shown great potential against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. TB ranks as the tenth most common cause of death in the world. The current treatment for TB infection is limited by side effects and cost of the drugs and most importantly by the development of resistance to the therapy. Therefore the development of novel drugs, capable of overcoming the drawbacks of the existing treatments, has become the focus of many research programs. In parallel to that, a tremendous effort has been made to elucidate the unique metabolism of this pathogen with the aim to identify new possible targets. This review presents the state of the art in nucleoside and nucleotide analogs in the treatment of TB. In particular, we report on the inhibitory activity of this class of compounds, both in enzymatic and whole-cell assays, providing a brief insight to which reported target these novel compounds are hitting.
Collapse
|
17
|
Negria SD, Karpenko IL, Efremenkova OV, Chizhov AO, Kochetkov SN, Alexandrova LA. Synthesis and antimicrobial properties of 5,5′-modified 2′,5′-dideoxyuridines. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2015-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAn effective method of synthesis of 5,5′-modified 2′,5′-dideoxyuridine derivatives is based on sequential 5′-iodination and azidation of 5-[4-(1-decyl)-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]methyl-2′-deoxyuridine followed by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the intermediate azide with an olefin under the catalysis of Cu(I) resulting in 75–85% yield of 5′-[4-substituted (1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]-5-[4-(1-decyl)-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]methyl-2′,5′-dideoxyuridine. The compounds were shown to possess low cytotoxicity in Vero, A549 cells and Jurkat cell cultures and did not demonstrate noticeable antimicrobial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey D. Negria
- 1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Inna L. Karpenko
- 1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Olga V. Efremenkova
- 2Gause Institute of New Antibiotics RAMS, Bol’shaya Pirogovskaya str. 11, Moscow 119867, Russia
| | - Alexander O. Chizhov
- 3Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sergey N. Kochetkov
- 1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bou Zerdan R, Cohn P, Puodziukynaite E, Baker MB, Voisin M, Sarun C, Castellano RK. Synthesis, optical properties, and electronic structures of nucleobase-containing π-conjugated oligomers. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1828-40. [PMID: 25581330 DOI: 10.1021/jo502773g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The molecular recognition properties of the nucleobases instruct the formation of complex three-dimensional architectures in natural and synthetic systems; relatively unexplored is their use as building blocks for π-conjugated materials where they might mutually tune electronic and supramolecular structures. Toward this goal, an introductory set (1a-d and 2a-d) of six purine-terminated and two pyrimidine-terminated π-conjugated oligomers has been synthesized and used to develop experimental electronic and photophysical structure-property trends. Unlike 2,2':5',2″-terthiophene (TTT) derivatives 2a-d, intramolecular charge transfer dominates oligomers 1a-d bearing a 4,7-bisthienylbenzothiadiazole (TBT) spacer due to the strong electron-accepting ability of its benzothiadiazole (BTD) ring. The resulting donor-acceptor-donor systems feature lower HOMO-LUMO gaps than the terthiophene-linked nucleobases (ΔE(g) ∼ 1.8 eV vs 2.4 eV based on electrochemical measurements), and the lowest so far for π-conjugated molecules that include nucleobases within the π-framework. Experiments reveal a dependence of photophysical and electronic structure on the nature of the nucleobase and are in good agreement with theoretical calculations performed at the B3LYP/6-31+G** level. Overall, the results show how nucleobase heterocycles can be installed within π-systems to tune optical and electronic properties. Future work will evaluate the consequences of these information-rich components on supramolecular π-conjugated structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghida Bou Zerdan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Choudhury C, Deva Priyakumar U, Sastry GN. Molecular dynamics investigation of the active site dynamics of mycobacterial cyclopropane synthase during various stages of the cyclopropanation process. J Struct Biol 2014; 187:38-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
20
|
Košiová I, Šimák O, Panova N, Buděšínský M, Petrová M, Rejman D, Liboska R, Páv O, Rosenberg I. Inhibition of human thymidine phosphorylase by conformationally constrained pyrimidine nucleoside phosphonic acids and their “open-structure” isosteres. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:145-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
21
|
Šimák O, Pachl P, Fábry M, Buděšínský M, Jandušík T, Hnízda A, Skleničková R, Petrová M, Veverka V, Řezáčová P, Brynda J, Rosenberg I. Conformationally constrained nucleoside phosphonic acids – potent inhibitors of human mitochondrial and cytosolic 5′(3′)-nucleotidases. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:7971-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01332h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conformationally constrained nucleoside phosphonic acids – potent inhibitors of human mitochondrial and cytosolic 5′(3′)-deoxynucleotidases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Šimák
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pachl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics
- of Sciences of the Czech Republic
| | - Milan Fábry
- Institute of Molecular Genetics
- of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Buděšínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Jandušík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds
- Institute of Chemical Technology
| | - Aleš Hnízda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Skleničková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Petrová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Veverka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Řezáčová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics
- of Sciences of the Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Brynda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics
- of Sciences of the Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Rosenberg
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shmalenyuk ER, Kochetkov SN, Alexandrova LA. Novel inhibitors ofMycobacterium tuberculosisgrowth based on modified pyrimidine nucleosides and their analogues. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n09abeh004404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
23
|
Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and MDR MS-115 by a new set of C5 modified pyrimidine nucleosides. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4874-84. [PMID: 23891229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two sets of pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives bearing extended alkyloxymethyl or alkyltriazolidomethyl substituents at position 5 of the nucleobase were synthesized and evaluated as potential antituberculosis agents. The impact of modifications at 3'- and 5'-positions of the carbohydrate moiety on the antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity was studied. The highest effect was shown for 5-dodecyloxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, 5-decyltriazolidomethyl-2'-deoxyuridine, and 5-dodecyltriazolidomethyl-2'-deoxycytidine. They effectively inhibited the growth of two Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in vitro, laboratory H37Rv (MIC99=20, 10, and 20μg/mL, respectively) and clinical MDR MS-115 resistant to five top antituberculosis drugs (МIC99=50, 10, and 10μg/mL, respectively).
Collapse
|
24
|
Schitter G, Wrodnigg TM. Update on carbohydrate-containing antibacterial agents. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 4:315-56. [PMID: 23489128 DOI: 10.1517/17460440902778725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the first known use of antibiotics > 2,500 years ago, a research field with immense importance for the welfare of mankind has been developed. After a decrease in interest in this topic by the end of the 20th century the occurrence of (poly-)resistant strains of bacteria induced a revival of antibiotics research. Health systems have been seeking viable and reliable solutions to this dangerous and expansive threat. OBJECTIVE This review will focus on carbohydrate-containing antibiotics and will give an outline of recently published novel isolated, semisynthetic as well as synthetic structures, their mechanism of action, if known, and the strategies for the design of compounds with potential by improved antibacterial properties. METHODS The literature between 2000 and 2008 was screened with main focus on recent examples of novel structures and strategies for the lead finding of exclusively antibacterial agents. RESULTS/CONCLUSION With the explanation of the role of the carbohydrate moieties in the respective antibacterial agents together with better synthetic strategies in carbohydrate chemistry as well as improvements in assay development for high throughput screening methods, carbohydrate-containing antibiotics can be used for the finding of potential drug leads that contribute to the fight against infections and diseases caused by (resistant) bacterial pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Schitter
- Technical University Graz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Univ.-Doz. TMW, Dip.-Ing. GS, Glycogroup, A-8010 Graz, Austria +43 316 873 8744 ; +43 316 873 8740 ;
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
García D, Jatczak M, Muylaert K, De Coen LM, Stevens CV. Straightforward Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 5,8-Disubstituted 5,6,8,9-Tetrahydro-4H,7H-2,5,6a,8,9a-pentaazaphenalene-1,3-diones. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
26
|
Matyugina E, Khandazhinskaya A, Chernousova L, Andreevskaya S, Smirnova T, Chizhov A, Karpenko I, Kochetkov S, Alexandrova L. The synthesis and antituberculosis activity of 5′-nor carbocyclic uracil derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:6680-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
Shakya N, Garg G, Agrawal B, Kumar R. Chemotherapeutic interventions against tuberculosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2012; 5:690-718. [PMID: 24281707 PMCID: PMC3763665 DOI: 10.3390/ph5070690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is the second leading cause of infectious deaths globally. Many effective conventional antimycobacterial drugs have been available, however, emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has overshadowed the effectiveness of the current first and second line drugs. Further, currently available agents are complicated by serious side effects, drug interactions and long-term administration. This has prompted urgent research efforts in the discovery and development of new anti-tuberculosis agent(s). Several families of compounds are currently being explored for the treatment of tuberculosis. This review article presents an account of the existing chemotherapeutics and highlights the therapeutic potential of emerging molecules that are at different stages of development for the management of tuberculosis disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Shakya
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 728-Heritage Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Poecke SV, Sinnaeve D, Martins JC, Balzarini J, Calenbergh SV. Synthesis of 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridine-5'- phosphonate analogues and evaluation of their antiviral activity. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2012; 31:256-72. [PMID: 22356239 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2012.654876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A small series of 5-(hetero)aryl-modified nucleoside phosphonates was synthesized via an 8-step procedure including a Wittig reaction and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. An unanticipated anomerization during phosphonate deprotection allowed us to isolate both anomers of the 5-substituted 2'-deoxy-uridine phosphonates and assess their antiviral activity against a broad panel of viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Van Poecke
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Synthesis and inhibitory activity of thymidine analogues targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidine monophosphate kinase. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:7603-11. [PMID: 22061826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report on Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidine monophosphate kinase (TMPKmt) inhibitory activities of a series of new 3'- and 5'-modified thymidine analogues including α- and β-derivatives. In addition, several analogues were synthesized in which the 4-oxygen was replaced by a more lipophilic sulfur atom to probe the influence of this modification on TMPKmt inhibitory activity. Several compounds showed an inhibitory potency in the low micromolar range, with the 5'-arylthiourea 4-thio-α-thymidine analogue being the most active one (K(i)=0.17 μM). This compound was capable of inhibiting mycobacteria growth at a concentration of 25 μg/mL.
Collapse
|
30
|
Virsdoia V, Shaikh MS, Manvar A, Desai B, Parecha A, Loriya R, Dholariya K, Patel G, Vora V, Upadhyay K, Denish K, Shah A, Coutinho EC. Screening for In Vitro Antimycobacterial Activity and Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (3D-QSAR) Study of 4-(arylamino)coumarin Derivatives. Chem Biol Drug Des 2010; 76:412-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.00997.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
31
|
Srivastav NC, Rai D, Tse C, Agrawal B, Kunimoto DY, Kumar R. Inhibition of Mycobacterial Replication by Pyrimidines Possessing Various C-5 Functionalities and Related 2′-Deoxynucleoside Analogues Using in Vitro and in Vivo Models. J Med Chem 2010; 53:6180-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100568q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen C. Srivastav
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 1-71 Medical Sciences Building
| | - Dinesh Rai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 1-71 Medical Sciences Building
| | - Christopher Tse
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 1-71 Medical Sciences Building
| | | | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 1-71 Medical Sciences Building
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Januszczyk P, Fogt J, Boryski J, Izawa K, Onishi T, Neyts J, De Clercq E. Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of 2'-C-methyl analogues of 5-alkynyl- and 6-alkylfurano- and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine ribonucleosides. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2010; 28:713-23. [PMID: 20183611 DOI: 10.1080/15257770903128870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 2'-C-methylribonucleosides, involving 5-iodo and 5-alkynyl uridine analogues as well as related bicyclic furano- and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidinone compounds, has been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effect on replication of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The new nucleoside analogues did not show meaningful anti-HCV activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Januszczyk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Substituted hydrazinecarbothioamide as potent antitubercular agents: Synthesis and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2597-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
34
|
Ukrainets IV, Tkach AA, Grinevich LA, Turov AV, Bevz OV. 4-Hydroxy-2-quinolones. 154*. Pyrimidin- 2-ylamides of 1-r-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro- quinoline-3-carboxylic acids. synthesis, structure, and properties. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-009-0297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
35
|
Correia C, Carvalho MA, Proença MF. Synthesis and in vitro activity of 6-amino-2,9-diarylpurines for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|