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Dobrovolskaite A, Gardner RA, Delcros JG, Phanstiel O. Development of Polyamine Lassos as Polyamine Transport Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:319-326. [PMID: 35178189 PMCID: PMC8842098 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nine- and twelve-membered triaza-macrocycles were appended to one end of homospermidine to make polyamine lassos. These compounds were shown to be potent polyamine transport inhibitors (PTIs) using pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma L3.6pl cells, which have high polyamine transport activity. The smaller triazacyclononane-based lasso significantly reduced the uptake of a fluorescent polyamine probe and inhibited spermidine uptake and reduced intracellular polyamine levels in difluoromethylornithine (DFMO)-treated L3.6pl cells. Both designs were shown to be effective inhibitors of 3H-spermidine uptake, with the smaller lasso outperforming the larger lasso. When the smaller lasso was challenged to inhibit each of the three radiolabeled native polyamines, it had similar K i values as those of the known PTIs, Trimer44NMe and AMXT1501. Because of these promising properties, these materials may have future anticancer applications in polyamine blocking therapy, an approach that couples a polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor (DFMO) with a PTI to lower intracellular polyamines and suppress cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Dobrovolskaite
- Department
of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | | | - Jean-Guy Delcros
- Univ
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286,
Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie
de Lyon, Small Molecules for Biological
Targets Team, Lyon 69373, France
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department
of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States,. Tel: 407-823-6545. Fax: 407-384-2062
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2
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Nazifi SMR, Sadeghi-aliabadi H, Fassihi A, Aliomrani M, Saghaie L. Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of some iron chelators as polyamine transporter targeting agents. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2019-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of kojic acid derivatives based on monoamines, diamines, and triamines have been synthesized in good yield and purity. A spermidine (spd) rescue experiment was applied against MCF-7 cells to evaluate the polyamine transporter selectivity, and in vitro antiproliferative effects were determined against Hela and DU-145 cell lines. Overall, 5b showed the best selectivity for the polyamine transporter and antiproliferative effects. Therefore, the in-silico metabolism profile and ADMET properties of the title compounds were calculated by the PreADMET server. Additionally, physicochemical properties of ligands were predicted by using the Molinspiration online property calculation server.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohamad Reza Nazifi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hojjat Sadeghi-aliabadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Afshin Fassihi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Aliomrani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Lotfollah Saghaie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461 Isfahan, Iran
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3
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Structure–activity relationship of polyamine conjugates for uptake via polyamine transport system. Struct Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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4
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Panozzo-Zénere EA, Porta EOJ, Arrizabalaga G, Fargnoli L, Khan SI, Tekwani BL, Labadie GR. A minimalistic approach to develop new anti-apicomplexa polyamines analogs. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:866-880. [PMID: 29223887 PMCID: PMC6209510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of new chemical entities against the major diseases caused by parasites is highly desired. A library of thirty diamines analogs following a minimalist approach and supported by chemoinformatics tools have been prepared and evaluated against apicomplexan parasites. Different member of the series of N,N'-disubstituted aliphatic diamines shown in vitro activities at submicromolar concentrations and high levels of selectivity against Toxoplasma gondii and in chloroquine-sensitive and resistant-strains of Plasmodium falciparum. In order to demonstrate the importance of the secondary amines, ten N,N,N',N'-tetrasubstituted aliphatic diamines derivatives were synthesized being considerably less active than their disubstituted counterpart. Theoretical studies were performed to establish the electronic factors that govern the activity of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban A Panozzo-Zénere
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Exequiel O J Porta
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Arrizabalaga
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Lucía Fargnoli
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research & Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research & Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Guillermo R Labadie
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina.
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5
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Wang M, Phanstiel O, von Kalm L. Evaluation of Polyamine Transport Inhibitors in a Drosophila Epithelial Model Suggests the Existence of Multiple Transport Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 5:medsci5040027. [PMID: 29135915 PMCID: PMC5753656 DOI: 10.3390/medsci5040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased polyamine biosynthesis activity and an active polyamine transport system are characteristics of many cancer cell lines and polyamine depletion has been shown to be a viable anticancer strategy. Polyamine levels can be depleted by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of the key polyamine biosynthesis enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). However, malignant cells frequently circumvent DFMO therapy by up-regulating polyamine import. Therefore, there is a need to develop compounds that inhibit polyamine transport. Collectively, DFMO and a polyamine transport inhibitor (PTI) provide the basis for a combination therapy leading to effective intracellular polyamine depletion. We have previously shown that the pattern of uptake of a series of polyamine analogues in a Drosophila model epithelium shares many characteristics with mammalian cells, indicating a high degree of similarity between the mammalian and Drosophila polyamine transport systems. In this report, we focused on the utility of the Drosophila epithelial model to identify and characterize polyamine transport inhibitors. We show that a previously identified inhibitor of transport in mammalian cells has a similar activity profile in Drosophila. The Drosophila model was also used to evaluate two additional transport inhibitors. We further demonstrate that a cocktail of polyamine transport inhibitors is more effective than individual inhibitors, suggesting the existence of multiple transport systems in Drosophila. Our findings reinforce the similarity between the Drosophila and mammalian transport systems and the value of the Drosophila model to provide inexpensive early screening of molecules targeting the transport system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minpei Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
| | - Laurence von Kalm
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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6
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Li Q, Zhai Y, Luo W, Zhu Z, Zhang X, Xie S, Hong C, Wang Y, Su Y, Zhao J, Wang C. Synthesis and biological properties of polyamine modified flavonoids as hepatocellular carcinoma inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:110-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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7
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Sheng R, An F, Wang Z, Li M, Cao A. Assembly of plasmid DNA with pyrene-amines cationic amphiphiles into nanoparticles and their visible lysosome localization. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06879c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we constructed a visible model for drug/gene dual delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Feifei An
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Amin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
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8
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Muth A, Madan M, Archer JJ, Ocampo N, Rodriguez L, Phanstiel O. Polyamine transport inhibitors: design, synthesis, and combination therapies with difluoromethylornithine. J Med Chem 2014; 57:348-63. [PMID: 24405276 DOI: 10.1021/jm401174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of polyamine transport inhibitors (PTIs), in combination with the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), provides a method to target cancers with high polyamine requirements. The DFMO+PTI combination therapy results in sustained intracellular polyamine depletion and cell death. A series of substituted benzene derivatives were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the import of spermidine in DFMO-treated Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and L3.6pl human pancreatic cancer cells. Several design features were discovered which strongly influenced PTI potency, sensitivity to amine oxidases, and cytotoxicity. These included changes in (a) the number of polyamine chains appended to the ring system, (b) the polyamine sequence, (c) the attachment linkage of the polyamine to the aryl core, and (d) the presence of a terminal N-methyl group. Of the series tested, the optimal design was N(1),N(1'),N(1″)-(benzene-1,3,5-triyltris(methylene))tris(N(4)-(4-(methylamino)butyl)butane-1,4-diamine, 6b, which contained three N-methylhomospermidine motifs. This PTI exhibited decreased sensitivity to amine oxidases and low toxicity as well as high potency (EC50 = 1.4 μM) in inhibiting the uptake of spermidine (1 μM) in DFMO-treated L3.6pl human pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Muth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida , 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
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9
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Liu Q, Tang Z, Wu M, Zhou Z. Design, preparation and application of conjugated microporous polymers. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingquan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education; Hunan University of Science and Technology; Xiangtan 411201 China
| | - Zhe Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education; Hunan University of Science and Technology; Xiangtan 411201 China
| | - Minda Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education; Hunan University of Science and Technology; Xiangtan 411201 China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education; Hunan University of Science and Technology; Xiangtan 411201 China
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10
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Muth A, Kamel J, Kaur N, Shicora AC, Ayene IS, Gilmour SK, Phanstiel O. Development of Polyamine Transport Ligands with Improved Metabolic Stability and Selectivity against Specific Human Cancers. J Med Chem 2013; 56:5819-28. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400496a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Muth
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine,
12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826-3227, United States
- Department of Chemistry, 4000
Central Florida Boulevard, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Joseph Kamel
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine,
12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826-3227, United States
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, 4000
Central Florida Boulevard, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Allyson C. Shicora
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood,
Pennsylvania 19096, United States
| | - Iraimoudi S. Ayene
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood,
Pennsylvania 19096, United States
| | - Susan K. Gilmour
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood,
Pennsylvania 19096, United States
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine,
12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826-3227, United States
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11
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Kurihara S, Sakai Y, Suzuki H, Muth A, Phanstiel O, Rather PN. Putrescine importer PlaP contributes to swarming motility and urothelial cell invasion in Proteus mirabilis. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:15668-76. [PMID: 23572531 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.454090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that the speA gene, encoding arginine decarboxylase, is required for swarming in the urinary tract pathogen Proteus mirabilis. In addition, this previous study suggested that putrescine may act as a cell-to-cell signaling molecule (Sturgill, G., and Rather, P. N. (2004) Mol. Microbiol. 51, 437-446). In this new study, PlaP, a putative putrescine importer, was characterized in P. mirabilis. In a wild-type background, a plaP null mutation resulted in a modest swarming defect and slightly decreased levels of intracellular putrescine. In a P. mirabilis speA mutant with greatly reduced levels of intracellular putrescine, plaP was required for the putrescine-dependent rescue of swarming motility. When a speA/plaP double mutant was grown in the presence of extracellular putrescine, the intracellular levels of putrescine were greatly reduced compared with the speA mutant alone, indicating that PlaP functioned as the primary putrescine importer. In urothelial cell invasion assays, a speA mutant exhibited a 50% reduction in invasion when compared with wild type, and this defect could be restored by putrescine in a PlaP-dependent manner. The putrescine analog Triamide-44 partially inhibited the uptake of putrescine by PlaP and decreased both putrescine stimulated swarming and urothelial cell invasion in a speA mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kurihara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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12
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Anthracene-polyamine conjugates inhibit in vitro proliferation of intraerythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:2874-7. [PMID: 23545535 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00106-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracene-polyamine conjugates inhibit the in vitro proliferation of the intraerythrocytic human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) in the nM to μM range. The compounds are taken up into the intraerythrocytic parasite, where they arrest the parasite cell cycle. Both the anthracene and polyamine components of the conjugates play a role in their antiplasmodial effect.
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13
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Caminos AP, Panozzo-Zenere EA, Wilkinson SR, Tekwani BL, Labadie GR. Synthesis and antikinetoplastid activity of a series of N,N′-substituted diamines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:1712-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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14
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Kumar A, Yellepeddi VK, Vangara KK, Strychar KB, Palakurthi S. Mechanism of gene transfection by polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers modified with ornithine residues. J Drug Target 2011; 19:770-80. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2011.568061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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15
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Wang JH, Zhou JJ, Xie SQ, Li Q, Zhao J, Wang CJ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of hydrazino-containing polyamine skeletons as drug delivery system. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the polyamine field and introduces the 32 other chapters that make up this volume. These chapters provide a wide range of methods, advice, and background relevant to studies of the function of polyamines, the regulation of their content, their role in disease, and the therapeutic potential of drugs targeting polyamine content and function. The methodology provided in this new volume will enable laboratories already working in this area to expand their experimental techniques and facilitate the entry of additional workers into this rapidly expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Pegg
- College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
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17
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RETRACTED: Synthesis and bioevaluation of aryl-guanidino polyamine conjugates targeting the polyamine transporter. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6421-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 09/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Xie S, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang C. Antitumor conjugates with polyamine vectors and their molecular mechanisms. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010; 7:1049-61. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2010.504205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Melchiorre C, Bolognesi ML, Minarini A, Rosini M, Tumiatti V. Polyamines in Drug Discovery: From the Universal Template Approach to the Multitarget-Directed Ligand Design Strategy. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5906-14. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100293f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Melchiorre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Minarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Rosini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tumiatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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20
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Tian ZY, Xie SQ, Mei ZH, Zhao J, Gao WY, Wang CJ. Conjugation of substituted naphthalimides to polyamines as cytotoxic agents targeting the Akt/mTOR signal pathway. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:4651-60. [PMID: 19865701 DOI: 10.1039/b912685f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Though several naphthalimide derivatives have exhibited antitumor activity in clinical trials, some issues such as toxicity prompted further structural modifications on the naphthalimide backbone. A series of naphthalimides conjugated with polyamines were synthesized to harness the polyamine transporter (PAT) for drug delivery, which was beneficial for the tumor cell selectivity. Bioevaluation in human hepatoma HepG2 cells treated with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) or spermidine (Spd), human hepatoma Bel-7402 and normal QSG-7701 hepatocyte confirmed the PAT recognition and cell selectivity. In addition, the novel naphthalimide polyamine conjugate kills cells via apoptosis, and the Akt/mTOR signal pathway was first identified as the upstream cellular target through the apoptotic mechanism research. The presence of DFMO or Spd only either elevated or attenuated the cell apoptosis, but did not change the signal pathway. Collectively, the proper polyamine recognition element (i.e., homospermidine) mediated effective drug delivery via the PAT, and helped the proper cytotoxic goods (i.e., diverse naphthalimides) exert antitumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-yong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
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21
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Polyamine transport as a target for treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53:5259-64. [PMID: 19805570 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00662-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamine levels are greatly increased in alveolar macrophages (AMs) during Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), leading to increased production of H(2)O(2), which causes AMs to undergo apoptosis. One of the mechanisms by which polyamine levels in AMs are elevated is enhanced uptake of exogenous polyamines. In this study, the possibility of targeting polyamine uptake as a treatment for PCP was examined. Four anthracene- and one benzene-polyamine conjugates that are potential polyamine transport inhibitors, including N1-anthracen-9-ylmethyl-butane-1,4-diamine; N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-anthracen-9-ylmethylbutane-1,4-diamine; N-[4-(4-aminobutylamino)butyl]-N-anthracen-9-ylmethylbutane-1,4-diamine; N-(4-amino-butyl)-N'-(10-[[4-(4-amino-butylamino)butylamino]-methyl]anthracen-9-ylmethyl)butane-1,4-diamine (44-Ant-44); and benzene-polyamine conjugate N-(4-amino-butyl)-N'-(4-[[4-(4-amino-butylamino)butylamino]-methyl]benzyl)butane-1,4-diamine (44-Bn-44), were tested. Compounds 44-Ant-44 and 44-Bn-44 were found to have a very low toxicity to AMs in vitro and were evaluated for their therapeutic effect on PCP in vivo. Sprague-Dawley rats infected with P. carinii for 28 days were intranasally instilled with 50 microl of a 1 mM solution of 44-Bn-44 or 44-Ant-44 every 2 days. Twenty-one days after initiation of the treatment, three to five rats from each group were sacrificed and examined for lung pathology, organism burden, and apoptosis of AMs. Both 44-Bn-44 and 44-Ant-44 reduced organism burdens; however, only 44-Ant-44 decreased the severity of the infection with reduced lung inflammation, increased clearance of exudates, increased air space, and decreased apoptosis of AMs. 44-Ant-44 also significantly prolonged the survival of treated animals. These results suggest that polyamine uptake is a potential target for treatment of PCP.
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22
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Polyamine transporter recognization and antitumor effects of anthracenymethyl homospermidine. Toxicology 2009; 263:127-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Liao CP, Lasbury ME, Wang SH, Zhang C, Durant PJ, Murakami Y, Matsufuji S, Lee CH. Pneumocystis mediates overexpression of antizyme inhibitor resulting in increased polyamine levels and apoptosis in alveolar macrophages. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:8174-84. [PMID: 19158080 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m805787200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) is the most common opportunistic disease in immunocompromised patients. Alveolar macrophages are responsible for the clearance of Pneumocystis organisms; however, they undergo a high rate of apoptosis during PcP due to increased intracellular polyamine levels. In this study, the sources of polyamines and mechanisms of polyamine increase and polyamine-induced apoptosis were investigated. The level of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was elevated in alveolar macrophages, and the number of alveolar macrophages that took up exogenous polyamines was increased 20-fold during PcP. Monocytes, B lymphocytes, and CD8+ T lymphocytes that were recruited into the lung during PcP expressed high levels of ornithine decarboxylase, suggesting that these cells are sources of polyamines. Both protein and mRNA levels of antizyme inhibitor (AZI) were increased in alveolar macrophages during PcP. This AZI overexpression correlated with increased polyamine uptake by alveolar macrophages, because AZI expression knockdown decreased the polyamine uptake ability of these cells. AZI expression knockdown also decreased the apoptosis rate of alveolar macrophages. Pneumocystis organisms and zymosan A were found to induce AZI overexpression in alveolar macrophages, suggesting that beta-glucan, which is the major component of the Pneumocystis cell wall, induces AZI overexpression. The levels of mRNA, protein, and activity of polyamine oxidase were increased in alveolar macrophages during PcP, indicating that the H(2)O(2) generated during polyamine catabolism caused alveolar macrophages to undergo apoptosis. Taken together, results of this study indicate that Pneumocystis organisms induce AZI overexpression in alveolar macrophages, leading to increased polyamine synthesis and uptake and apoptosis rate of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ping Liao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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