1
|
Marković A, Živković A, Atanasova M, Doytchinova I, Hofmann B, George S, Kretschmer S, Rödl C, Steinhilber D, Stark H, Šmelcerović A. Thiazole derivatives as dual inhibitors of deoxyribonuclease I and 5-lipoxygenase: A promising scaffold for the development of neuroprotective drugs. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 381:110542. [PMID: 37224992 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A library of 43 thiazole derivatives, including 31 previously and 12 newly synthesized in the present study, was evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory properties against bovine pancreatic DNase I. Nine compounds (including three newly synthesized) inhibited the enzyme showing improved inhibitory properties compared to that of the reference crystal violet (IC50 = 346.39 μM). Two compounds (5 and 29) stood out as the most potent DNase I inhibitors, with IC50 values below 100 μM. The 5-LO inhibitory properties of the investigated derivatives were also analyzed due to the importance of this enzyme in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Compounds (12 and 29) proved to be the most prominent new 5-LO inhibitors, with IC50 values of 60 nM and 56 nM, respectively, in cell-free assay. Four compounds, including one previously (41) and three newly (12, 29 and 30) synthesized, have the ability to inhibit DNase I with IC50 values below 200 μM and 5-LO with IC50 values below 150 nM in cell-free assay. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to clarify DNase I and 5-LO inhibitory properties of the most potent representatives at the molecular level. The newly synthesized compound 29 (4-((4-(3-bromo-4-morpholinophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)amino)phenol) represents the most promising dual DNase I and 5-LO inhibitor, as it inhibited 5-LO in the nanomolar and DNase I in the double-digit micromolar concentration ranges. The results obtained in the present study, together with our recently published results for 4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-amines, represent a good basis for the development of new neuroprotective therapeutics based on dual inhibition of DNase I and 5-LO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marković
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Dr Zoran Đinđić Boulevard 81, Niš, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Živković
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mariyana Atanasova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irini Doytchinova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sven George
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Simon Kretschmer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Carmen Rödl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Andrija Šmelcerović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Dr Zoran Đinđić Boulevard 81, Niš, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang YH, Zhao ZN, Kalita SJ, Huang YY. Phosphine-Catalyzed Annulations Based on [3+3] and [3+2] Trapping of Ketene Intermediates with Thioamides. Org Lett 2021; 23:8147-8152. [PMID: 34662133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of developing novel annulations via ketene intermediates, allenyl imide and alkynoates bearing good leaving groups are used for their function in a tandem conjugate addition-elimination reaction (SN2' type) promoted by nucleophilic phosphine catalysts. By utilizing thioamides as 1S,3N-bis-nucleophiles, [3+3] and [3+2] annulations have been established to allow rapid access to 1,3-thiazin-4-ones and 5-alkenyl thiazolones in high yields, respectively. Furthermore, the possible reaction mechanisms are proposed on the basis of deuterium labeling experiments and density functional theory calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Subarna Jyoti Kalita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yi-Yong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li L, Liu T, Zhang X, Hou X, Dong H, Li X, Ren W, Wang Y. Catalyst-free and atom-economical 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of C,N-cyclic azomethine imines: Facile synthesis of isoquinoline-fused spirocycles. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
|
4
|
Shaaban MA, Kamal AM, Faggal SI, Farag NA, Aborehab NM, Elsahar AE, Mohamed KO. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new pyrazoloquinazoline derivatives as dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000027. [PMID: 32696514 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A new series of pyrazoloquinazoline derivatives equipped with different chalcones was designed, synthesized, and identified through 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13 C NMR, and infrared spectroscopic techniques. Our design strategy of the quinazolinone-privileged scaffold as a new scaffold was based on merging pharmacophores previously reported to exhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitory activity. All the newly synthesized derivatives were biologically evaluated for COX and 5-LOX inhibitory activity and COX-2 selectivity, using celecoxib and zileuton as reference drugs, as they exhibited promising anti-inflammatory activity. Compound 3j was found to be the most promising derivative, with IC50 values of 667 and 47 nM against COX-1 and COX-2, respectively, which are superior to that of celecoxib (IC50 value against COX-2 = 95 nM), showing an SI of 14.2 that was much better than celecoxib. Compounds 3f and 3h exhibited COX-1 inhibition, with IC50 values of 1,485 and 684 nM, respectively. The synthesized compounds showed a significant inhibitory activity against 5-LOX, with IC50 values ranging from 0.6 to 4.3 µM, where compounds 3f and 3h were found to be the most potent derivatives, with IC50 values of 0.6 and 1.0 µM, respectively, in comparison with that of zileuton (IC50 = 0.8 µM). These promising derivatives, 3f, 3h, and 3j, were further investigated in vivo for anti-inflammatory, gastric ulcerogenic effects, and prostaglandin production (PGE2) in rat serum. The molecular docking studies concerning the binding sites of COX-2 and 5-LOX revealed similar orientation, compared with reported inhibitors, which encouraged us to design new leads targeting COX-2 and 5-LOX as dual inhibitors, as a new avenue in anti-inflammatory therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aliaa M Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Samar I Faggal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla A Farag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nora M Aborehab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman E Elsahar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled O Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Tang B, Dong S, Gao W, Jiang W, Chen Y. Solvent‐Free Synthesis and In Vitro Antitumor Activity of a New Class of (
Z
)‐3‐Arylidene‐1
H
‐pyrano[3,4‐
b
]quinolin‐4(3
H
)‐ones. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Institute of Superfine ChemicalsBohai University, 19 Keji Rd. Jinzhou City 121000 P.R. China
| | - Bingyue Tang
- Institute of Superfine ChemicalsBohai University, 19 Keji Rd. Jinzhou City 121000 P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Dong
- Institute of Superfine ChemicalsBohai University, 19 Keji Rd. Jinzhou City 121000 P.R. China
| | - Wentao Gao
- Institute of Superfine ChemicalsBohai University, 19 Keji Rd. Jinzhou City 121000 P.R. China
| | - Wenting Jiang
- College of Life ScienceYan'an University, 580 Shengdi Rd. Yan'an City 716000 P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Life Science and BiopharmaceuticsShenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Rd. Shenyang City 110866 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sinha S, Manju SL, Doble M. Chalcone-Thiazole Hybrids: Rational Design, Synthesis, and Lead Identification against 5-Lipoxygenase. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1415-1422. [PMID: 31620227 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A hybrid pharmacophore approach is used to design and synthesize novel chalcone-thiazole hybrid molecules. Herein, thiazole has been hybridized with chalcone to obtain a new class of 5-LOX inhibitors. In vitro biological evaluation showed that most of the compounds were better 5-LOX inhibitors than the positive control, Zileuton (IC50 = 1.05 ± 0.03 μM). The best compounds in the series, namely, 4k, 4n, and 4v (4k: IC50 = 0.07 ± 0.02 μM, 4n: IC50 = 0.08 ± 0.05 μM, 4v: 0.12 ± 0.04 μM) are found to be 10 times more active than previously reported 2-amino thiazole (2m: IC50 = 0.9 ± 0.1 μM) by us. Further, 4k has redox (noncompetitive) while 4n and 4v act through a competitive inhibition mechanism. SAR indicated that the presence of methoxy/methyl either in the vicinity of chalcone or both thiazole and chalcone contributed to the synergistic inhibitory effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sinha
- Bioengineering and Drug Design Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - S. L. Manju
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Bioengineering and Drug Design Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sinha S, Doble M, Manju SL. 5-Lipoxygenase as a drug target: A review on trends in inhibitors structural design, SAR and mechanism based approach. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3745-3759. [PMID: 31331653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The most common inflammatory disease of the airways is asthma among children affecting around 235 million people worldwide. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a crucial enzyme which helps in the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to leukotrienes (LTs), the lipid mediators. It is associated with several inflammation related disorders such as asthma, allergy, and atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is considered as a promising target against inflammation and asthma. Currently, the only drug against 5-LOX which is available is Zileuton, while a few inhibitors are in clinical trial stages such as Atreleuton and Setileuton. So, there is a dire requirement in the area of progress of novel 5-LOX inhibitors which necessitates an understanding of their structure activity relationship and mode of action. In this review, novel 5-LOX inhibitors reported so far, their structural design, SAR and developmental strategies along with clinical updates are discussed over the last two decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - S L Manju
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cui L, Wang Y, Fan Z, Li Z, Zhou Z. Organocatalytic Enantioselective α‐Amination of Thiazol‐4‐one‐5‐carboxylates with Azodicarboxylates. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Cui
- Insitute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of ChemistryNankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Youming Wang
- Insitute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of ChemistryNankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Zhijin Fan
- Insitute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of ChemistryNankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Zhengming Li
- Insitute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of ChemistryNankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Zhenghong Zhou
- Insitute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of ChemistryNankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu K, Tao H, Song JL, Jin L, Zhang Y, Liu J, Chen Z, Jiang CS, Luo C, Zhang H. Identification of 5-benzylidene-2-phenylthiazolones as potent PRMT5 inhibitors by virtual screening, structural optimization and biological evaluations. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:289-298. [PMID: 30172110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an epigenetics related enzyme that has been validated as an important therapeutic target for glioblastoma and mantel cell lymphoma. In the present study, 11 novel PRMT5 inhibitors with 5-benzylidene-2-phenylthiazolone scaffold were identified by molecular docking-based virtual screening and structural optimization. Their IC50 values against PRMT5 at enzymatic level were ranging from 0.77 to 23 μM. As expected, the top two active hits (5 and 19) showed potent anti-proliferative activity against MV4-11 cells with EC50 values lower than 10 μM and reduced the cellular symmetric arginine dimethylation levels of SmD3 protein. Besides, 5 and 19 demonstrated the mechanism of cell killing in cell cycle arrest and apoptotic effect. The probable binding modes of the two compounds were explored and further verified by molecular dynamics simulation. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of this class of structures was also discussed and further demonstrated by molecular docking simulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kongkai Zhu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Hongrui Tao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China; Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jia-Li Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Lu Jin
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products & Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jingqiu Liu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen Y, Sun P, Li T, Zou Y, Huang Y, Shen Y. Enantioselective Michael addition of 3-ethyl carboxylate substituted pyrazolones to 5-alkenyl thiazolones catalyzed by squaramide organocatalyst. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
11
|
Synthesis, evaluation and docking studies of some 4-thiazolone derivatives as effective lipoxygenase inhibitors. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
12
|
Xiao Y, Jiang R, Wang Y, Zhou Z. Enantioselective Construction of Spiro Thiazol-4-one Derivatives with Multiple Stereocenters via an Organocatalyzed Multicomponent Cascade Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xiao
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry, Nankai University
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science; Engineering, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Jiang
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry, Nankai University
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science; Engineering, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Youming Wang
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry, Nankai University
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science; Engineering, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghong Zhou
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry, Nankai University
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science; Engineering, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shah R, Shchepinov MS, Pratt DA. Resolving the Role of Lipoxygenases in the Initiation and Execution of Ferroptosis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:387-396. [PMID: 29632885 PMCID: PMC5879472 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) have been implicated as central players in ferroptosis, a recently characterized cell death modality associated with the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides: the products of LOX catalysis. To provide insight on their role, human embryonic kidney cells were transfected to overexpress each of the human isoforms associated with disease, 5-LOX, p12-LOX, and 15-LOX-1, which yielded stable cell lines that were demonstrably sensitized to ferroptosis. Interestingly, the cells could be rescued by less than half of a diverse collection of known LOX inhibitors. Furthermore, the cytoprotective compounds were similarly potent in each of the cell lines even though some were clearly isoform-selective LOX inhibitors. The cytoprotective compounds were subsequently demonstrated to be effective radical-trapping antioxidants, which protect lipids from autoxidation, the autocatalytic radical chain reaction that produces lipid hydroperoxides. From these data (and others reported herein), a picture emerges wherein LOX activity may contribute to the cellular pool of lipid hydroperoxides that initiate ferroptosis, but lipid autoxidation drives the cell death process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Shah
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | | | - Derek A. Pratt
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liaras K, Fesatidou M, Geronikaki A. Thiazoles and Thiazolidinones as COX/LOX Inhibitors. Molecules 2018; 23:E685. [PMID: 29562646 PMCID: PMC6017610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural process that is connected to various conditions and disorders such as arthritis, psoriasis, cancer, infections, asthma, etc. Based on the fact that cyclooxygenase isoenzymes (COX-1, COX-2) are responsible for the production of prostaglandins that play an important role in inflammation, traditional treatment approaches include administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which act as selective or non-selective COX inhibitors. Almost all of them present a number of unwanted, often serious, side effects as a consequence of interference with the arachidonic acid cascade. In search for new drugs to avoid side effects, while maintaining high potency over inflammation, scientists turned their interest to the synthesis of dual COX/LOX inhibitors, which could provide numerous therapeutic advantages in terms of anti-inflammatory activity, improved gastric protection and safer cardiovascular profile compared to conventional NSAIDs. Τhiazole and thiazolidinone moieties can be found in numerous biologically active compounds of natural origin, as well as synthetic molecules that possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. This review focuses on the biological activity of several thiazole and thiazolidinone derivatives as COX-1/COX-2 and LOX inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Liaras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Maria Fesatidou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kaminskyy D, Kryshchyshyn A, Lesyk R. 5-Ene-4-thiazolidinones - An efficient tool in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 140:542-594. [PMID: 28987611 PMCID: PMC7111298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The presented review is an attempt to summarize a huge volume of data on 5-ene-4-thiazolidinones being a widely studied class of small molecules used in modern organic and medicinal chemistry. The manuscript covers approaches to the synthesis of 5-ene-4-thiazolidinone derivatives: modification of the C5 position of the basic core; synthesis of the target compounds in the one-pot or multistage reactions or transformation of other related heterocycles. The most prominent pharmacological profiles of 5-ene derivatives of different 4-thiazolidinone subtypes belonging to hit-, lead-compounds, drug-candidates and drugs as well as the most studied targets have been discussed. Currently target compounds (especially 5-en-rhodanines) are assigned as frequent hitters or pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) within high-throughput screening campaigns. Nevertheless, the crucial impact of the presence/nature of C5 substituent (namely 5-ene) on the pharmacological effects of 5-ene-4-thiazolidinones was confirmed by the numerous listed findings from the original articles. The main directions for active 5-ene-4-thiazolidinones optimization have been shown: i) complication of the fragment in the C5 position; ii) introduction of the substituents in the N3 position (especially fragments with carboxylic group or its derivatives); iii) annealing in complex heterocyclic systems; iv) combination with other pharmacologically attractive fragments within hybrid pharmacophore approach. Moreover, the utilization of 5-ene-4-thiazolidinones in the synthesis of complex compounds with potent pharmacological application is described. The chemical transformations cover mainly the reactions which involve the exocyclic double bond in C5 position of the main core and correspond to the abovementioned direction of the 5-ene-4-thiazolidinone modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danylo Kaminskyy
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv-10, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Anna Kryshchyshyn
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv-10, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv-10, 79010, Ukraine.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang S, Izquierdo J, Rodríguez-Escrich C, Pericàs MA. Asymmetric [4 + 2] Annulation Reactions Catalyzed by a Robust, Immobilized Isothiourea. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoulei Wang
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Javier Izquierdo
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carles Rodríguez-Escrich
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08080 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang M, Xia Z, Yan A. Computer modeling in predicting the bioactivity of human 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2016; 21:235-246. [PMID: 27904990 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9709-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a key enzyme in the inflammatory path. Inhibitors of 5-LOX are useful for the treatment of diseases like arthritis, cancer, and asthma. We have collected a dataset including 220 human 5-LOX inhibitors for classification. A self-organizing map (SOM), a support vector machine (SVM), and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithm were used to build models with selected descriptors for classifying 5-LOX inhibitors into active and weakly active ones. MACCS fingerprints were used in this model building process. The accuracy (Q) and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of the best SOM model (Model 1A) were 86.49% and 0.73 on the test set, respectively. The Q and MCC of the best SVM model (Model 2A) were 82.67% and 0.64 on the test set, respectively. The Q and MCC of the best MLP model (Model 3B) were 84.00% and 0.67 on the test set, respectively. In addition, 180 inhibitors with bioactivities measured by fluorescence method were further used for a quantitative prediction. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and SVM algorithms were used to build models to predict the [Formula: see text] values. The correlation coefficients (R) of the MLR model (Model Q1) and the SVM model (Model Q2) were 0.72 and 0.74 on the test set, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Aixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 53, 15 BeiSanHuan East Road, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Active site characterization and structure based 3D-QSAR studies on non-redox type 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 88:26-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
19
|
Ali Y, Alam MS, Hamid H, Husain A, Dhulap A, Hussain F, Bano S, Kharbanda C. Molecular modeling and synthesis of some new 2-imino-4-thiazolidinone derivatives with promising TNF-α inhibitory activity. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00078e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Out of 32 novel 2-imino-4-thiazolidinones, compounds 3f & 3g showed potent anti-inflammatory activity without causing any damage to the stomach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yakub Ali
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University)
- New Delhi-110 062
- India
| | - Mohammad Sarwar Alam
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University)
- New Delhi-110 062
- India
| | - Hinna Hamid
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University)
- New Delhi-110 062
- India
| | - Asif Husain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University)
- New Delhi-110 062
- India
| | - Abhijeet Dhulap
- CSIR Unit for Research and Development of Information Products
- Pune-411038
- India
| | - Firasat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Delhi University
- New Delhi
- India
| | - Sameena Bano
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University)
- New Delhi-110 062
- India
| | - Chetna Kharbanda
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University)
- New Delhi-110 062
- India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lill AP, Rödl CB, Steinhilber D, Stark H, Hofmann B. Development and evaluation of ST-1829 based on 5-benzylidene-2-phenylthiazolones as promising agent for anti-leukotriene therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 89:503-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
21
|
A fluorescence-based assay for measuring the redox potential of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87708. [PMID: 24498359 PMCID: PMC3912022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The activities and side effects of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors can be predicted by identifying their redox mechanisms. In this study, we developed a fluorescence-based method to measure the redox potential of 5-LO inhibitors and compared it to the conventional, absorbance-based method. After the pseudo-peroxidase reaction, the amount of remaining lipid peroxide was quantified using the H2DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate) fluorescence dye. Our method showed large signal windows and provided comparable redox potential values. Importantly, the redox mechanisms of known inhibitors were accurately measured with the fluorescence assay, whereas the conventional, absorbance-based method showed contradictory results. Our findings suggest that our developed method is a better alternative for classifying the redox potential of 5-LO inhibitors, and the fluorescence assay can be effectively used to study the mechanisms of action that are related to redox cycling.
Collapse
|
22
|
Di Gennaro A, Haeggström JZ. The leukotrienes: immune-modulating lipid mediators of disease. Adv Immunol 2013; 116:51-92. [PMID: 23063073 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394300-2.00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The leukotrienes are important lipid mediators with immune modulatory and proinflammatory properties. Classical bioactions of leukotrienes include chemotaxis, endothelial adherence, and activation of leukocytes, chemokine production, as well as contraction of smooth muscles in the microcirculation and respiratory tract. When formed in excess, these compounds play a pathogenic role in several acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. An increasing number of diseases have been linked to inflammation implicating the leukotrienes as potential mediators. For example, recent investigations using genetic, morphological, and biochemical approaches have pointed to the involvement of leukotrienes in cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Moreover, new insights have changed our previous notion of leukotrienes as mediators of inflammatory reactions to molecules that can fine-tune the innate and adaptive immune response. Here, we review the most recent understanding of the leukotriene cascade with emphasis on recently identified roles in immune reactions and pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Gennaro
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Chemistry 2, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tanrikulu Y, Krüger B, Proschak E. The holistic integration of virtual screening in drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2013; 18:358-64. [PMID: 23340112 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, virtual screening (VS) has come of age. In this review, we document the evolution and maturation of VS from a rather exotic, stand-alone method toward a versatile hit and lead identification technology. VS campaigns have become fully integrated into drug discovery campaigns, evenly matched and complementary to high-throughput screening (HTS) methods. Here, we propose a novel classification of VS applications to help to monitor the advances in VS and to support future improvement of computational hit and lead identification methods. Several relevant VS studies from recent publications, in both academic and industrial settings, were selected to demonstrate the progress in this area. Furthermore, we identify challenges that lie ahead for the development of integrated VS campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Tanrikulu
- Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Chemical R&D - Drug Design, Eckenheimer Landstrasse 100, D-60318 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Aparoy P, Reddy KK, Reddanna P. Structure and ligand based drug design strategies in the development of novel 5- LOX inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2012; 19:3763-78. [PMID: 22680930 PMCID: PMC3480706 DOI: 10.2174/092986712801661112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are non-heme iron containing dioxygenases involved in the oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as arachidonic acid (AA). Depending on the position of insertion of oxygen, LOXs are classified into 5-, 8-, 9-, 12- and 15-LOX. Among these, 5-LOX is the most predominant isoform associated with the formation of 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HpETE), the precursor of non-peptido (LTB4) and peptido (LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) leukotrienes. LTs are involved in inflammatory and allergic diseases like asthma, ulcerative colitis, rhinitis and also in cancer. Consequently 5-LOX has become target for the development of therapeutic molecules for treatment of various inflammatory disorders. Zileuton is one such inhibitor of 5-LOX approved for the treatment of asthma. In the recent times, computer aided drug design (CADD) strategies have been applied successfully in drug development processes. A comprehensive review on structure based drug design strategies in the development of novel 5-LOX inhibitors is presented in this article. Since the crystal structure of 5-LOX has been recently solved, efforts to develop 5-LOX inhibitors have mostly relied on ligand based rational approaches. The present review provides a comprehensive survey on these strategies in the development of 5-LOX inhibitors.
Collapse
|
25
|
Hofmann B, Rödl CB, Kahnt AS, Maier TJ, Michel AA, Hoffmann M, Rau O, Awwad K, Pellowska M, Wurglics M, Wacker M, Zivković A, Fleming I, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Stark H, Schneider G, Steinhilber D. Molecular pharmacological profile of a novel thiazolinone-based direct and selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:2304-13. [PMID: 21955369 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01707.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The potency of many 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitors depends on the cellular peroxide tone and the mechanism of 5-LOX enzyme activation. Therefore, new inhibitors that act regardless of the mode of enzyme activation need to be developed. Recently, we identified a novel class of thiazolinone-based compounds as potent 5-LOX inhibitors. Here, we present the molecular pharmacological profile of (Z)-5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-2-(p-tolyl)-5H-thiazol-4-one, compound C06. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Inhibition of 5-LOX product formation was determined in intact cells [polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), rat basophilic leukaemia-1, RAW264.7] and in cell-free assays [homogenates, 100, 000×g supernatant (S100), partially purified 5-LOX] applying different stimuli for 5-LOX activation. Inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2) ), 12-LOX, 15-LOX-1 and 15-LOX-2 as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were measured in vitro. KEY RESULTS C06 induced non-cytotoxic, direct 5-LOX inhibition with IC(50) values about 0.66 µM (intact PMNL, PMNL homogenates) and approximately 0.3 µM (cell-free PMNL S100, partially purified 5-LOX). Action of C06 was independent of the stimulus used for 5-LOX activation and cellular redox tone and was selective for 5-LOX compared with other arachidonic acid binding proteins (PPAR, cPLA(2) , 12-LOX, 15-LOX-1, 15-LOX-2, COX-2). Experimental results suggest an allosteric binding distinct from the active site and the C2-like domain of 5-LOX. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS C06 was identified as a potent selective direct 5-LOX inhibitor exhibiting a novel and unique mode of action, different from other established 5-LOX inhibitors. This thiazolinone may possess potential for intervention with inflammatory and allergic diseases and certain types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Barzen S, Rödl CB, Lill A, Steinhilber D, Stark H, Hofmann B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a class of 5-benzylidene-2-phenyl-thiazolinones as potent 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:3575-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
27
|
Suh J, Yum EK, Cheon HG, Cho YS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of N-aryl-4-aryl-1,3-thiazole-2-amine derivatives as direct 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2012; 80:89-98. [PMID: 22404847 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2012.01371.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Biological evaluation of N-aryl-4-aryl-1,3-thiazole-2-amine derivatives was examined for anti-inflammatory activity in in vitro and in vivo assays. The thiazole compounds showed direct inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) that is a key enzyme of leukotrienes synthesis and involved in the inflammation-related diseases, including asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. To optimize biological activity, we synthesized 1,3-thiazole-2-amine derivatives and investigated for structure and activity relationship. Especially, N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-thiazole-2-amine was shown to have a potent anti-inflammatory activity as a 5-LOX inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeehee Suh
- Center for Metabolic Syndrome Therapeutics, Bio-Organic Science Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, PO Box 107, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Eren G, Macchiarulo A, Banoglu E. From Molecular Docking to 3D-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (3D-QSAR): Insights into the Binding Mode of 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors. Mol Inform 2012; 31:123-34. [PMID: 27476957 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological intervention with 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) is a promising strategy for treatment of inflammatory and allergic ailments, including asthma. With the aim of developing predictive models of 5-LO affinity and gaining insights into the molecular basis of ligand-target interaction, we herein describe QSAR studies of 59 diverse nonredox-competitive 5-LO inhibitors based on the use of molecular shape descriptors and docking experiments. These studies have successfully yielded a predictive model able to explain much of the variance in the activity of the training set compounds while predicting satisfactorily the 5-LO inhibitory activity of an external test set of compounds. The inspection of the selected variables in the QSAR equation unveils the importance of specific interactions which are observed from docking experiments. Collectively, these results may be used to design novel potent and selective nonredox 5-LO inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gokcen Eren
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 06330 Ankara, Turkey tel.: +90-312-2023236; fax: +90-312-2235018
| | - Antonio Macchiarulo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 06330 Ankara, Turkey tel.: +90-312-2023236; fax: +90-312-2235018.
| |
Collapse
|