1
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Chen Z, Liu M, Wang N, Xiao W, Shi J. Unleashing the Potential of Camptothecin: Exploring Innovative Strategies for Structural Modification and Therapeutic Advancements. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3244-3273. [PMID: 38421819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) is a potent anti-cancer agent targeting topoisomerase I (TOP1). However, CPT has poor pharmacokinetic properties, causes toxicities, and leads to drug resistance, which limit its clinical use. In this paper, to review the current state of CPT research. We first briefly explain CPT's TOP1 inhibition mechanism and the key hurdles in CPT drug development. Then we examine strategies to overcome CPT's limitations through structural modifications and advanced delivery systems. Though modifications alone seem insufficient to fully enhance CPT's therapeutic potential, structure-activity relationship analysis provides insights to guide optimization of CPT analogs. In comparison, advanced delivery systems integrating controlled release, imaging capabilities, and combination therapies via stimulus-responsive linkers and targeting moieties show great promise for improving CPT's pharmacological profile. Looking forward, multifaceted approaches combining selective CPT derivatives with advanced delivery systems, informed by emerging biological insights, hold promise for fully unleashing CPT's anti-cancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Maoyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Ningyu Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wenjing Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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2
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Zhang W, Niu F, Yue R, Zhang Y, Ma C, Sun J, Rong L. A convenient and efficient process for the synthesis of 9‐aryl‐6,
9‐dihydro‐1
H
‐pyrazolo[3,4‐
f
] quinoline‐8‐carbonitrile and 1‐aryl‐1,4‐ dihydrobenzo[
f
]quinoline‐2‐carbonitrile derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Ting Zhang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu/Sweet Potato Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xuzhou People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Fu‐Xiang Niu
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu/Sweet Potato Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Rui‐Xue Yue
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu/Sweet Potato Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu/Sweet Potato Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Ma
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu/Sweet Potato Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu/Sweet Potato Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Liangce Rong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou People's Republic of China
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3
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Wang W, Fu X, Cai Y, Cheng L, Yao C, Wang X, Li TJ. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Arylation/Oxidation of Benzylic C-H of 8-Methylquinolines: Access to 8-Benzoylquinolines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15423-15432. [PMID: 34581570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient access to 8-benzoylquinoline was developed by a sequential arylation/oxidation of 8-methylquinolines with aryl iodides in the presence of Pd(OAc)2. This transformation demonstrates good tolerance of a wide range of functional groups on aryl iodides, providing good to excellent yields of 8-benzoylquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Wang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Fu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Cai
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Li Cheng
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Yao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Xiangshan Wang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Tuan-Jie Li
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
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4
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Design and synthesis of novel conformationally constrained 7,12-dihydrodibenzo[b,h][1,6] naphthyridine and 7H-Chromeno[3,2-c] quinoline derivatives as topoisomerase I inhibitors: In vitro screening, molecular docking and ADME predictions. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105174. [PMID: 34314913 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel non-camptothecin (non-CPT) class of conformationally constrained, hitherto unknown 7,12-dihydrodibenzo[b,h][1,6] naphthyridine and 7H-Chromeno[3,2-c] quinoline derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for anti-cancer activity. In vitro anti-proliferation evaluation against human cancer cell lines (A549 and MCF-7) exhibited significant cytotoxicity. Among the derivatives (8-24), 8 (IC50 0.44 μM and IC50 0.62 μM) and 12 (IC50 0.69 μM and IC50 0.54 μM) were identified as the most promising candidate against A-549 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines respectively. Topo I inhibitory activity of 8 and 12 suggested that, they may be developed as potential anti-cancer molecules in future and rationalized by docking analysis with effective binding modes. Further, in silico ADME prediction studies of all derivatives were found promising, signifying the drug like properties. In precise, the present investigation displays a new strategy to synthesize and emphasis on anticancer activities of conformationally constrained dibenzo[b,h][1,6] naphthyridine derivatives and Chromeno[3,2-c] quinoline derivatives in the context of cancer drug development and refinement.
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5
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Li GH, Dong DQ, Yu XY, Wang ZL. Direct synthesis of 8-acylated quinoline N-oxidesviapalladium-catalyzed selective C–H activation and C(sp2)–C(sp2) cleavage. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05374j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of 8-acylated quinoline N-oxides from the reaction of quinoline N-oxides with α-diketonesviaC–C bond cleavage was developed. A variety of quinoline N-oxides and α-diketones with different groups was well tolerated in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- P. R. China
| | - Dao-Qing Dong
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- P. R. China
| | - Xian-Yong Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan 411201
- China
| | - Zu-Li Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Qingdao Agricultural University
- Qingdao 266109
- P. R. China
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6
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Botella P, Rivero-Buceta E. Safe approaches for camptothecin delivery: Structural analogues and nanomedicines. J Control Release 2016; 247:28-54. [PMID: 28027948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-(S)-camptothecin is a strongly cytotoxic molecule with excellent antitumor activity over a wide spectrum of human cancers. However, the direct formulation is limited by its poor water solubility, low plasmatic stability and severe toxicity, which currently limits its clinical use. As a consequence, two strategies have been developed in order to achieve safe and efficient delivery of camptothecin to target cells: structural analogues and nanomedicines. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the design, synthesis and development of camptothecin molecular derivatives and supramolecular vehicles, following a systematic classification according to structure-activity relationships (structural analogues) or chemical nature (nanomedicines). A series of organic, inorganic and hybrid materials are presented as nanoplatforms to overcome camptothecin restrictions in administration, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Nanocarriers which respond to a variety of stimuli endogenously (e.g., pH, redox potential, enzyme activity) or exogenously (e.g., magnetic field, light, temperature, ultrasound) seem the best positioned therapeutic materials for optimal spatial and temporal control over drug release. The main goal of this review is to be used as a source of relevant literature for others interested in the field of camptothecin-based therapeutics. To this end, final remarks on the most important formulations currently under clinical trial are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Botella
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Eva Rivero-Buceta
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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7
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Chen X, Cui X, Wu Y. C8-Selective Acylation of Quinoline N-Oxides with α-Oxocarboxylic Acids via Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective C–H Bond Activation. Org Lett 2016; 18:3722-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic
Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Cui
- Department
of Chemistry, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic
Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ocean and Gene Drugs, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Huaqiao University & Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Medicine of Chinese Education Ministry, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yangjie Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic
Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan Universities, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
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8
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Westover D, Li F. New trends for overcoming ABCG2/BCRP-mediated resistance to cancer therapies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:159. [PMID: 26714461 PMCID: PMC4696234 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0275-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters make up a superfamily of transmembrane proteins that play a critical role in the development of drug resistance. This phenomenon is especially important in oncology, where superfamily member ABCG2 (also called BCRP - breast cancer resistance protein) is known to interact with dozens of anti-cancer agents that are ABCG2 substrates. In addition to the well-studied and well-reviewed list of cytotoxic and targeted agents that are substrates for the ABCG2 transporter, a growing body of work links ABCG2 to multiple photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents, and there is a limited body of evidence suggesting that ABCG2 may also play a role in resistance to radiation therapy. In addition, the focus of ABC transporter research in regards to therapeutic development has begun to shift in the past few years. The shift has been away from using pump inhibitors for reversing resistance, toward the development of therapeutic agents that are poor substrates for these efflux pump proteins. This approach may result in the development of drug regimens that circumvent ABC transporter-mediated resistance entirely. Here, it is our intention to review: 1) recent discoveries that further characterize the role of ABCG2 in oncology, and 2) advances in reversing and circumventing ABC transporter-mediated resistance to anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Westover
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
| | - Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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9
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Cheng X, Qiu N, Yang J, Liu H, Wen J, Wang W, Wang Z, Chen L. Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Study of 7-Ethyl-14-Aminocamptothecin-Loaded Poly(Ethylene Glycol)2000-Poly(Lactic Acid)2000 Polymeric Micelles Against H460 Human Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinoma. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:3934-3942. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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10
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Fang S, Chen L, Yu M, Cheng B, Lin Y, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH, Gu Q, Xu J. Synthesis, antitumor activity, and mechanism of action of 6-acrylic phenethyl ester-2-pyranone derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4714-26. [PMID: 25800703 PMCID: PMC4390547 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00007f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Based on the scaffolds of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) as well as bioactive lactone-containing compounds, 6-acrylic phenethyl ester-2-pyranone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated against five tumor cell lines (HeLa, C6, MCF-7, A549, and HSC-2). Most of the new derivatives exhibited moderate to potent cytotoxic activity. Moreover, HeLa cell lines showed higher sensitivity to these compounds. In particular, compound showed potent cytotoxic activity (IC50 = 0.50-3.45 μM) against the five cell lines. Further investigation on the mechanism of action showed that induced apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phases in HeLa cells, and inhibited migration through disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. In addition, ADMET properties were also calculated in silico, and compound showed good ADMET properties with good absorption, low hepatotoxicity, and good solubility, and thus, could easily be bound to carrier proteins, without inhibition of CYP2D6. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis indicated that compounds with ortho-substitution on the benzene ring exhibited obviously increased cytotoxic potency. This study indicated that compound is a promising compound as an antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Fang
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Liu YQ, Li WQ, Morris-Natschke SL, Qian K, Yang L, Zhu GX, Wu XB, Chen AL, Zhang SY, Nan X, Lee KH. Perspectives on biologically active camptothecin derivatives. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:753-89. [PMID: 25808858 DOI: 10.1002/med.21342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Camptothecins (CPTs) are cytotoxic natural alkaloids that specifically target DNA topoisomerase I. Research on CPTs has undergone a significant evolution from the initial discovery of CPT in the late 1960s through the study of synthetic small-molecule derivatives to investigation of macromolecular constructs and formulations. Over the past years, intensive medicinal chemistry efforts have generated numerous CPT derivatives. Three derivatives, topotecan, irinotecan, and belotecan, are currently prescribed as anticancer drugs, and several related compounds are now in clinical trials. Interest in other biological effects, besides anticancer activity, of CPTs is also growing exponentially, as indicated by the large number of publications on the subject during the last decades. Therefore, the main focus of the present review is to provide an ample but condensed overview on various biological activities of CPT derivatives, in addition to continued up-to-date coverage of anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.,Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide Preparation, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Qun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Keduo Qian
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Liu Yang
- Environmental and Municipal Engineering School, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Gao-Xiang Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - An-Liang Chen
- Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide Preparation, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Yong Zhang
- Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide Preparation, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Nan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599.,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
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12
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Miao Z, Zhu L, Dong G, Zhuang C, Wu Y, Wang S, Guo Z, Liu Y, Wu S, Zhu S, Fang K, Yao J, Li J, Sheng C, Zhang W. A New Strategy To Improve the Metabolic Stability of Lactone: Discovery of (20S,21S)-21-Fluorocamptothecins as Novel, Hydrolytically Stable Topoisomerase I Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:7902-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400906z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Miao
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingjian Zhu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuelin Wu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengzheng Wang
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zizao Guo
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanchao Wu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Fang
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Yao
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- School
of Pharmacy, East University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Wu Z, Pi C, Cui X, Bai J, Wu Y. Direct C-2 Alkylation of QuinolineN-Oxides with EthersviaPalladium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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14
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Borsini E, Broggini G, Fasana A, Baldassarri C, Manzo AM, Perboni AD. Access to pyrrolo-pyridines by gold-catalyzed hydroarylation of pyrroles tethered to terminal alkynes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1468-74. [PMID: 22238519 PMCID: PMC3252845 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In a simple procedure, the intramolecular hydroarylation of N-propargyl-pyrrole-2-carboxamides was accomplished with the aid of gold(III) catalysis. The reaction led to differently substituted pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine and pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine derivatives arising either from direct cyclization or from a formal rearrangement of the carboxamide group. Terminal alkynes are essential to achieve bicyclic pyrrolo-fused pyridinones by a 6-exo-dig process, while the presence of a phenyl group at the C–C triple bond promotes the 7-endo-dig cyclization giving pyrrolo-azepines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Borsini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Ambientali Università dell'Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
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15
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Zhang YQ, Zhang HJ, Zhang J, Wang J, Yao JZ, Zhu LJ, Zhuang CL, Wang SZ, Dong GQ, Sheng CQ, Miao ZY, Zhang WN. Antitumor Activities and Structure - Activity Relationship of Phosphotriester Derivatives of Homocamptothecin Based on a Semisynthetic Route. Aust J Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1071/ch11315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Based on a new semisynthetic route, a series of phosphotriester 7-alkyl-homocamptothecin derivatives are designed and synthesized. Cytotoxic activity assays show that compounds 12a and 14c with a methyl in position C7 of the homocamptothecin are more potent than the other derivatives and the positive drug irinotecan against A-549, MCF-7, and LOVO cell lines. Moreover, compound 14c shows potent tumour inhibitory activity in a Colo205 xenograft model.
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