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Xu G, Lv J, Ding Q, Ma C, Jiang Y, Yu B. Direct C-H Alkylation of Benzothiadiazoles via Organic Photoredox Catalysis. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2777-2781. [PMID: 38315024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole is widely used as a privileged scaffold in pharmaceuticals and organic functional materials. Nonetheless, many current methods for the functionalization of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole rely on preactivation, transition metal catalysts/promoters, or an elevated reaction temperature. Herein we disclose a transition-metal-free visible-light-induced photocatalytic method for the direct C-H alkylation of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole using readily accessible carboxylic acid derivatives, i.e., N-hydroxyphthalimide esters (NHPEs), as alkylating reagents under room temperature. This mild and scalable method is highlighted by the late-stage installation of the benzothiadiazole scaffold in drugs and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqing Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Jiayuan Lv
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Qingjie Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Chunhua Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuqin Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Green Catalysis Centre, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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Qiao J, Wu D, Song Y, Ji W, Yue Q, Mao L, Qi L. Simultaneous Monitoring of Intracellular Temperature and Norepinephrine Variation by Fluorescent Probes during Norepinephrine Reuptake. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14743-14747. [PMID: 34709796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A long-standing challenge has been the simultaneous sensing of intracellular temperature and norepinephrine (NE) variations to explore signaling pathways and depression pathogeny. Here, we designed a fluorescent probe using poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and 1-[4-(7-nitro-benzo [1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)-piperazin-1-yl]-propenone (PNIPAm-AANBD) and (E)-1-(4-boronobenzyl)-2-(2-(1,3-dioxo-1H,3H-benzo[de]isochromen-6-yl)vinyl)pyridin-1-ium bromide (PHE) for simultaneously measuring the temperature and NE with high selectivity. The fluorescence intensity of the PNIPAm-AANBD moiety exhibited a good response to temperature changes. The PHE moiety could selectively sense NE due to the naphthalic anhydride group in PHE, which formed naphthalimide upon bonding with the primary amino group of NE. The hydroxyl-terminated ligand recognized the phenolic hydroxyl group of NE through the formation of hydrogen bonds. Using the proposed fluorescent probe, variations in the intracellular temperature and NE during NE reuptake could be simultaneously measured. It was first discovered that with the inhibition of antidepressant drugs, the intracellular temperature increased by 1.2-2.1 °C, and the NE reuptake decreased by about 21.5 μM. The measured variations in intracellular temperature and NE during neurotransmitter reuptake can shed light on the underlying mechanism of neurotransmitter signaling pathways, which may facilitate the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Deyu Wu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Yuying Song
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Ji
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qingwei Yue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Wang YX, Mao XF, Li TF, Gong N, Zhang MZ. Dezocine exhibits antihypersensitivity activities in neuropathy through spinal μ-opioid receptor activation and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43137. [PMID: 28230181 PMCID: PMC5322378 DOI: 10.1038/srep43137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dezocine is the number one opioid painkiller prescribed and sold in China, occupying 44% of the nation’s opioid analgesics market today and far ahead of the gold-standard morphine. We discovered the mechanisms underlying dezocine antihypersensitivity activity and assessed their implications to antihypersensitivity tolerance. Dezocine, given subcutaneously in spinal nerve-ligated neuropathic rats, time- and dose-dependently produced mechanical antiallodynia and thermal antihyperalgesia, significantly increased ipsilateral spinal norepinephrine and serotonin levels, and induced less antiallodynic tolerance than morphine. Its mechanical antiallodynia was partially (40% or 60%) and completely (100%) attenuated by spinal μ-opioid receptor (MOR) antagonism or norepinephrine depletion/α2-adrenoceptor antagonism and combined antagonism of MORs and α2-adenoceptors, respectively. In contrast, antagonism of spinal κ-opioid receptors (KORs) and δ-opioid receptors (DORs) or depletion of spinal serotonin did not significantly alter dezocine antiallodynia. In addition, dezocine-delayed antiallodynic tolerance was accelerated by spinal norepinephrine depletion/α2-adenoceptor antagonism. Thus dezocine produces antihypersensitivity activity through spinal MOR activation and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition (NRI), but apparently not through spinal KOR and DOR activation, serotonin reuptake inhibition or other mechanisms. Our findings reclassify dezocine as the first analgesic of the recently proposed MOR-NRI, and reveal its potential as an alternative to as well as concurrent use with morphine in treating pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xiang Wang
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Mao
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Teng-Fei Li
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nian Gong
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ma-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical
Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, P. R. China, 400030
| | - Dachuan Qiu
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical
Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, P. R. China, 400030
| | - Jiarong Shi
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical
Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, P. R. China, 400030
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical
Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, P. R. China, 400030
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Rami-Mark C, Berroterán-Infante N, Philippe C, Foltin S, Vraka C, Hoepping A, Lanzenberger R, Hacker M, Mitterhauser M, Wadsak W. Radiosynthesis and first preclinical evaluation of the novel norepinephrine transporter pet-ligand [(11)C]ME@HAPTHI. EJNMMI Res 2015; 5:113. [PMID: 26061602 PMCID: PMC4467816 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-015-0113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The norepinephrine transporter (NET) has been demonstrated to be relevant to a multitude of neurological, psychiatric and cardiovascular pathologies. Due to the wide range of possible applications for PET imaging of the NET together with the limitations of currently available radioligands, novel PET tracers for imaging of the cerebral NET with improved pharmacological and pharmacodynamic properties are needed. Methods The present study addresses the radiosynthesis and first preclinical evaluation of the novel NET PET tracer [11C]Me@HAPTHI by describing its affinity, selectivity, metabolic stability, plasma free fraction, blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration and binding behaviour in in vitro autoradiography. Results [11C]Me@HAPTHI was prepared and displayed outstanding affinity and selectivity as well as excellent in vitro metabolic stability, and it is likely to penetrate the BBB. Moreover, selective NET binding in in vitro autoradiography was observed in human brain and rat heart tissue samples. Conclusions All preclinical results and radiosynthetic key-parameters indicate that the novel benzothiadiazole dioxide-based PET tracer [11C]Me@HAPTHI is a feasible and improved NET radioligand and might prospectively facilitate clinical NET imaging. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13550-015-0113-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Rami-Mark
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,
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Belov AS, Vologzhanina AV, Novikov VV, Negrutska VV, Dubey IY, Mikhailova ZA, Lebed EG, Voloshin YZ. Synthesis of the first morpholine-containing iron(II) clathrochelates: A new class of efficient functionalized transcription inhibitors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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