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Bielski R, Mencer D. New syntheses of thiosaccharides utilizing substitution reactions. Carbohydr Res 2023; 532:108915. [PMID: 37597327 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Novel synthetic methods published since 2005 affording carbohydrates containing sulfur atom(s) are reviewed. The review is divided to subchapters based on the position of sulfur atom(s) in the sugar molecule. Only those methods that take advantage of substitution are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Bielski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA, 18766, United States; Chemventive, LLC Chadds Ford, PA, 19317, United States.
| | - Donald Mencer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA, 18766, United States.
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2
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Porter J, Parisi D, Miller T, Cheallaigh AN, Miller GJ. Chemical synthesis of amphiphilic glycoconjugates: Access to amino, fluorinated and sulfhydryl oleyl glucosides. Carbohydr Res 2023; 530:108854. [PMID: 37329646 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic glycoconjugates offer an important prospect for development as chemical biology tools and biosurfactants. The chemical synthesis of such materials is required to expedite such prospect, compounded by the example of oleyl glycosides. Herein, we report a mild and reliable glycosylation method to access oleyl glucosides, glycosidating oleyl alcohol with α-trichloroacetimidate donors. We demonstrate capability for this methodology, extending it to synthesise the first examples of pyranose-component fluorination and sulfhydryl modifications within glucosides and glucosamines of oleyl alcohol. These compounds provide an exciting series of tools to explore processes and materials that utilise oleyl glycosides, including as probes for glycosphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Porter
- Centre for Glycoscience, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK; Lennard-Jones Laboratory, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Daniele Parisi
- Croda Europe Ltd., Oak Road, Clough Road, Hull, HU6 7PH, UK
| | - Timothy Miller
- Croda Europe Ltd., Oak Road, Clough Road, Hull, HU6 7PH, UK
| | - Aisling Ní Cheallaigh
- Centre for Glycoscience, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK; Lennard-Jones Laboratory, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Gavin J Miller
- Centre for Glycoscience, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK; Lennard-Jones Laboratory, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
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3
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Convenient synthesis of mixed S–Se-linked pseudodisaccharides by sulfur and selenium exchange. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Qiao M, Zhang L, Jiao R, Zhang S, Li B, Zhang X. Chemical and enzymatic synthesis of S-linked sugars and glycoconjugates. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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5
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Weng Q, Yi J, Chen X, Luo D, Wang Y, Sun W, Kang J, Han Z. Controllable Synthesis and Biological Application of Schiff Bases from d-Glucosamine and Terephthalaldehyde. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:24864-24870. [PMID: 33015505 PMCID: PMC7528290 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Theoretically, the two aldehydes of terephthalaldehyde (TPA) are equivalent, so the single or double Schiff base from TPA and d-glucosamine (Glc) may be formed at the same time. However, it is preferred to produce separately a single Schiff base (L1 ) or double Schiff base (L2 ) for different synthesis systems of anhydrous methanol or water-methanol. We calculated the Δr G of the formation of compounds L1 and L2 by density functional theory (DFT). In an anhydrous methanol system, the Δr G values of L1 and L2 are both below zero and L2 is lower, suggesting the spontaneous formation of the two Schiff bases. Though adjusting the molar ratio of Glc to TPA, L1 and L 2 both were separately formed in anhydrous methanol. However, in the water-methanol system, L2 was absent, which is most likely due to higher Δr G (4.95 eV) and better water solubility. The results also exhibits that the positive charge of C in -CHO for TPA is smaller in a mixed solvent than that in methanol, which confirms that the nucleophilic reaction of the Schiff base is more difficult in a mixed solvent. Therefore, we could realize to control the synthesis of a pure single or double Schiff base from Glc and TPA by adjusting the molar ratio and solvent. The as-prepared two kinds of Schiff bases have strong optical properties, high bacteriostatic activity, and can be used as fluorescent probes for tumor cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Weng
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural
and Functional Research, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
| | - Jinquan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural
and Functional Research, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural
and Functional Research, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
| | - Dengwang Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural
and Functional Research, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
| | - Yaduan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
| | - Weiming Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural
and Functional Research, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
| | - Jie Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
| | - Zhizhong Han
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural
and Functional Research, Fuzhou 350122, P R China
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6
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Elgemeie GH, Fathy NM, Farag AB, Yahab AMB. Design and synthesis of a new class of indeno[1,2-b]pyridine thioglycosides. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 39:1134-1149. [PMID: 32600173 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2020.1780436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This research reports a novel method for synthesizing a new class of indeno[1,2-b]pyridine thioglycosides. This series of indenopyridine thioglycosides was designed by the reaction of (E)-2-cyano-3-(furan/or thiophene-2-yl)prop-2-enethioamide 1a or 1b with 1-indanone 2 to give the corresponding 2-thiooxo-1H-indeno[1,2-b]pyridine-3-carbonitriles 3a,b. The latter compounds were treated with peracetylated sugar bromides 5 in KOH-acetone to give the corresponding indenopyridine thioglycosides 6a-h. Ammonolysis of the protected indenopyridine thioglycosides 6a-h gave the corresponding free indenopyridine thioglycosides 7a-h. The compounds have been characterized by 13C NMR, 1H NMR and IR spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galal H Elgemeie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahed M Fathy
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman B Farag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aisha M Bin Yahab
- Science Department, Girls College of Education, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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7
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Glyco-nanoparticles: New drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 69:24-42. [PMID: 31870939 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is known as one of the most common diseases that are associated with high mobility and mortality in the world. Despite several efforts, current cancer treatment modalities often are highly toxic and lack efficacy and specificity. However, the application of nanotechnology has led to the development of effective nanosized drug delivery systems which are highly selective for tumors and allow a slow release of active anticancer agents. Different Nanoparticles (NPs) such as the silicon-based nano-materials, polymers, liposomes and metal NPs have been designed to deliver anti-cancer drugs to tumor sites. Among different drug delivery systems, carbohydrate-functionalized nanomaterials, specially based on their multi-valent binding capacities and desirable bio-compatibility, have attracted considerable attention as an excellent candidate for controlled release of therapeutic agents. In addition, these carbohydrate functionalized nano-carriers are more compatible with construction of the intracellular delivery platforms like the carbohydrate-modified metal NPs, quantum dots, and magnetic nano-materials. In this review, we discuss recent research in the field of multifunctional glycol-nanoparticles (GNPs) intended for cancer drug delivery applications.
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Micellar Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Coated with Anti-Tumor Glycosides. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8080567. [PMID: 30044386 PMCID: PMC6116232 DOI: 10.3390/nano8080567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis procedure of nanoparticles based on thermal degradation produces organic solvent dispersible iron oxide nanoparticles (OA-IONP) with oleic acid coating and unique physicochemical properties of the core. Some glycosides with hydrophilic sugar moieties bound to oleyl hydrophobic chains have antimitotic activity on cancer cells but reduced in vivo applications because of the intrinsic low solubility in physiological media, and are prone to enzymatic hydrolysis. In this manuscript, we have synthetized and characterized OA-IONP-based micelles encapsulated within amphiphilic bioactive glycosides. The glycoside-coated IONP micelles were tested as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) contrast agents as well as antimitotics on rat glioma (C6) and human lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines. Micelle antimitotic activity was compared with the activity of the corresponding free glycosides. In general, all OA-IONP-based micellar formulations of these glycosides maintained their anti-tumor effects, and, in one case, showed an unusual therapeutic improvement. Finally, the micelles presented optimal relaxometric properties for their use as T2-weighed MRI contrast agents. Our results suggest that these bioactive hydrophilic nano-formulations are theranostic agents with synergistic properties obtained from two entities, which separately are not ready for in vivo applications, and strengthen the possibility of using biomolecules as both a coating for OA-IONP micellar stabilization and as drugs for therapy.
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9
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Elgemeie GH, Fathy NM, Farag AB, Alkhursani SA. Design, synthesis, molecular docking and anti-hepatocellular carcinoma evaluation of novel acyclic pyridine thioglycosides. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 37:186-198. [PMID: 29608403 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2018.1450508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of acyclic pyridine thioglycosides has been synthesized. Evaluation of the anti proliferative activity of these compounds against HEPG-2 cell lines (liver carcinoma cell lines) shows that most of the compounds have high anti-tumor activities especially 6b, 6c, 7b and 7c. Furthermore, in the modeling study, these compounds showed that they have high binding affinity with thymidylate synthase dihydrofolate reductase (TS-DHFR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Galal H Elgemeie
- a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Helwan University , Helwan , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Nahed M Fathy
- b Photochemistry Department , National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ayman B Farag
- c Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ahram Canadian University , Giza , Egypt
| | - Sheikha A Alkhursani
- d Chemistry Department , Girls College of Science , Dammam , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Bello C, Bai J, Zambron BK, Elías-Rodríguez P, Gajate C, Robina I, Caffa I, Cea M, Montecucco F, Nencioni A, Nahimana A, Aubry D, Breton C, Duchosal MA, Mollinedo F, Vogel P. Induction of cell killing and autophagy by amphiphilic pyrrolidine derivatives on human pancreatic cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:457-478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Agrawal S, Wozniak M, Luc M, Walaszek K, Pielka E, Szeja W, Pastuch-Gawolek G, Gamian A, Ziolkowski P. Insulin and novel thioglycosides exert suppressive effect on human breast and colon carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114173-114182. [PMID: 29371977 PMCID: PMC5768394 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The rationale for the implementation of novel therapies should be based on hallmarks of cancer. Two novel compounds labelled as thioglycoside A and B were designed and evaluated on breast and colon cancer cell lines. We assessed their cytotoxic effect after sensitizing cancer cells with insulin. In order to explore the underlying mechanisms, we performed tests to assess cell migration and motility, apoptosis, expression of glucose transporter 1 and proapoptotic proteins. Both compounds proved to have an antitumor effect which was significantly enhanced in combination with insulin. Linking glucose and anticancer agent presents an approach that exploits the Warburg effect. Targeting dysfunctional glycometabolism and increased glucose absorption is emerging as a promising anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Wozniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Luc
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Walaszek
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Pielka
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wieslaw Szeja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Gabriela Pastuch-Gawolek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.,Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziolkowski
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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12
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Govindarajan M. Amphiphilic glycoconjugates as potential anti-cancer chemotherapeutics. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:1208-1253. [PMID: 29126728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilicity is one of the desirable features in the process of drug development which improves the biological as well as the pharmacokinetics profile of bioactive molecule. Carbohydrate moieties present in anti-cancer natural products and synthetic molecules influence the amphiphilicity and hence their bioactivity. This review focuses on natural and synthetic amphiphilic anti-cancer glycoconjugates. Different classes of molecules with varying degree of amphiphilicity are covered with discussions on their structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugunthan Govindarajan
- Emory Institute for Drug Development, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States.
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13
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Design, synthesis, and cytotoxicity evaluation of threonine-based galactoceramide with aromatic groups and various fatty-acyl side chains. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Vudhgiri S, Koude D, Veeragoni DK, Misra S, Prasad R, Jala RCR. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-fatty-acylamido-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole-2-thioglycosides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3370-3373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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15
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Ogunsina M, Samadder P, Idowu T, Arthur G, Schweizer F. Replacing d-Glucosamine with Its l-Enantiomer in Glycosylated Antitumor Ether Lipids (GAELs) Retains Cytotoxic Effects against Epithelial Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2142-2147. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makanjuola Ogunsina
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart
Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Pranati Samadder
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Temilolu Idowu
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart
Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Gilbert Arthur
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Frank Schweizer
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart
Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Romero-Ramírez L, García-Álvarez I, Casas J, Barreda-Manso M, Yanguas-Casás N, Nieto-Sampedro M, Fernández-Mayoralas A. New oleyl glycoside as anti-cancer agent that targets on neutral sphingomyelinase. Biochem Pharmacol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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17
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Synthesis and binding affinity analysis of positional thiol analogs of mannopyranose for the elucidation of sulfur in different position. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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18
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Zhou Y, Zhang X, Ren B, Wu B, Pei Z, Dong H. S-Acetyl migration in synthesis of sulfur-containing glycosides. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Samadder P, Xu Y, Schweizer F, Arthur G. Cytotoxic properties of D-gluco-, D-galacto- and D-manno-configured 2-amino-2-deoxy-glycerolipids against epithelial cancer cell lines and BT-474 breast cancer stem cells. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 78:225-35. [PMID: 24681987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylated antitumor ether lipids (GAELs) 6 and 7 containing a α- or β-D-gluco-configured 2-amino-2-deoxy (2-NH2-Glc) sugar moiety linked to a glycerolipid aglycone kill cancer cell lines via a non-apoptotic mechanism that could be exploited to kill cancer stem cells. To test this hypothesis and develop novel potent GAEL analogs, we synthesized GAELS which contain D-galacto- and D-manno-configured 2-amino-2-deoxy sugar moieties (2-NH2-Gal or 2-NH2-Man) and investigated their cytotoxicity against human epithelial cancer cell lines and cancer stem cells derived from BT-474 breast cancer cells. Within the class of D-galacto-configured GAELs, we prepared both O- and S-glycosidic linkages as well as their corresponding α- and β-anomers and screened against breast (BT-474, JIMT-1 and BT-549), pancreas (MiaPaCa2) and prostate cancer (DU145, PC3) cancer cell lines. The α-anomeric 2-NH2-Gal-based lipid 1 was the most active of all the compounds tested with CC50 values of 4.4-8 μM and is the most active GAEL synthesized to date. The β-anomer 2 was 4->5-fold less active than 1. Replacement of the α-O-glycosidic by an α-S-glycosidic linkage resulted in a 2-4-fold reduction in activity, while the β-S-glycolipid 4 was inactive. In comparison, α-configured 2-NH2-Man-based glycerolipid 5 displayed very little activity with CC50 > 30 μM. The effect of the most active GAELs, 1, 6, or 7, on cancer stem cell viability revealed that all three inhibited the formation of tumorspheres from BT-474 cancer stem cell lines, caused the disintegration of preformed tumorspheres and resulted in total loss of cell viability of the cancer stem cells at concentrations of 20 μM. In contrast, the related antitumor ether lipid gold standard, edelfosine that is in clinical development was much less effective in preventing tumorsphere formation and affecting the viability of the cancer stem cells. Taken together our study demonstrates that α-GAEL anomers are more potent than their corresponding β-anomers and that the nature of the CHO moiety as well as the glycosidic bond significantly affects activity. The study also showed that GAELs are effective in killing CSCs while the apoptosis-inducing edelfosine is not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranati Samadder
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Yaozu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2T 2N2, Canada
| | - Frank Schweizer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2T 2N2, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Gilbert Arthur
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
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20
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García-Álvarez I, Garrido L, Romero-Ramírez L, Nieto-Sampedro M, Fernández-Mayoralas A, Campos-Olivas R. The effect of antitumor glycosides on glioma cells and tissues as studied by proton HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78391. [PMID: 24194925 PMCID: PMC3806797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the treatment with glycolipid derivatives on the metabolic profile of intact glioma cells and tumor tissues, investigated using proton high resolution magic angle spinning (1H HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, is reported here. Two compounds were used, a glycoside and its thioglycoside analogue, both showing anti-proliferative activity on glioma C6 cell cultures; however, only the thioglycoside exhibited antitumor activity in vivo. At the drug concentrations showing anti-proliferative activity in cell culture (20 and 40 µM), significant increases in choline containing metabolites were observed in the 1H NMR spectra of the same intact cells. In vivo experiments in nude mice bearing tumors derived from implanted C6 glioma cells, showed that reduction of tumor volume was associated with significant changes in the metabolic profile of the same intact tumor tissues; and were similar to those observed in cell culture. Specifically, the activity of the compounds is mainly associated with an increase in choline and phosphocholine, in both the cell cultures and tumoral tissues. Taurine, a metabolite that has been considered a biomarker of apoptosis, correlated with the reduction of tumor volume. Thus, the results indicate that the mode of action of the glycoside involves, at least in part, alteration of phospholipid metabolism, resulting in cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel García-Álvarez
- Unidad de Neurología Experimental, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (IG-A); (RC-O)
| | - Leoncio Garrido
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Romero-Ramírez
- Unidad de Neurología Experimental, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain
- Instituto Cajal de Neurobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Nieto-Sampedro
- Unidad de Neurología Experimental, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain
- Instituto Cajal de Neurobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Fernández-Mayoralas
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Campos-Olivas
- Spectroscopy and NMR Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (IG-A); (RC-O)
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Jacobine AM, Mazzone JR, Slack RD, Tripathi AK, Sullivan DJ, Posner GH. Malaria-infected mice live until at least day 30 after a new artemisinin-derived thioacetal thiocarbonate combined with mefloquine are administered together in a single, low, oral dose. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7892-9. [PMID: 22891714 PMCID: PMC3460521 DOI: 10.1021/jm3009986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In only three steps and in 21-67% overall yields from the natural trioxane artemisinin, a series of 21 new trioxane C-10 thioacetals was prepared. Upon receiving a single oral dose of only 6 mg/kg of the monomeric trioxane 12c combined with 18 mg/kg of mefloquine hydrochloride, Plasmodium berghei-infected mice survived on average 29.8 days after infection. Two of the four mice in this group had no parasites detectable in their blood on day 30 after infection, and they behaved normally and appeared healthy. One of the mice had 11% blood parasitemia on day 30, and one mouse in this group died on day 29. Of high medicinal importance, the efficacy of this ACT chemotherapy is much better than (almost double) the efficacy under the same conditions using as a positive control the popular trioxane drug artemether plus mefloquine hydrochloride (average survival time of only 16.5 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Jacobine
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Jennifer R. Mazzone
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Rachel D. Slack
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Abhai K. Tripathi
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
- The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - David J. Sullivan
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
- The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Gary H. Posner
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
- The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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