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Liu J, Zhang Y, Huang H, Lei X, Tang G, Cao X, Peng J. Recent advances in Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors for overriding T315I mutation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:649-664. [PMID: 33034143 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BCR-ABL is a gene produced by the fusion of the bcr gene and the c-abl proto-oncogene and is considered to be the main cause of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) production. Therefore, the development of selective Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors is an attractive strategy for the treatment of CML. However, in the treatment of CML with a Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitor, the T315I gatekeeper mutant disrupts the important contact interaction between the inhibitor and the enzyme, resistant to the first- and second-generation drugs currently approved, such as imatinib, bosutinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib. In order to overcome this special resistance, several different strategies have been explored, and many molecules have been studied to effectively inhibit Bcr-Abl T315I. Some of these molecules are still under development, and some are being studied preclinically, and still others are in clinical research. Herein, this review reports some of the major examples of third-generation Bcr-Abl inhibitors against the T315I mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Pharmacy Department of Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Honglin Huang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Guotao Tang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuan Cao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Junmei Peng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Wu YC, Ren XY, Rao GW. Research Progress of Diphenyl Urea Derivatives as Anticancer Agents and Synthetic Methodologies. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x15666181029130418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The malignant neoplasm, which is recognized as cancer, is a serious threat to human
health and frequently-occurring disease. Diphenylurea, an important link structure in the design of
active substance for treating cancer due to its near-perfect binding with certain acceptors, has demonstrated
many activities against several human cancer cell lines. Various novel compounds with diphenyl
urea as anticancer agents were constructed with the successful development of sorafenib.
Diphenylurea is utilized to treat cancer by inhibiting cell signaling transduction, such as RAS-RAFMEK-
ERK signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. In addition, this structure inhibits tumor
cell growth by inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinases multiply, such as Vascular Endothelial
Growth Factor Receptors (VEGFRs), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors (PDGFRs), Epidermal
Growth Factor Receptors (EGFRs). It regulates the pH value in cells by inhibiting CAIX/XII and
to achieve cancer therapeutic effect. Besides, the diphenyl urea structure is applied to the synthesis of
reagents like Aurora kinases inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors that affect cell division and differentiation
to treat cancer. To reach the goal of treating tumor, this structure is also used as a DNA-directed
alkylating agent by affecting the expression of genes. An application of the most representative diphenyl
urea derivatives as antitumor agents is summarized in this review, focusing on their mechanisms
bound to the targets. Meanwhile, the progress of researches on methods of synthesizing diphenyl
urea derivatives is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cong Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xin-Yue Ren
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Guo-Wu Rao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Izzo B, Gottardi EM, Errichiello S, Daraio F, Baratè C, Galimberti S. Monitoring Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: How Molecular Tools May Drive Therapeutic Approaches. Front Oncol 2019; 9:833. [PMID: 31555590 PMCID: PMC6742705 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 15 years ago, imatinib entered into the clinical practice as a "magic bullet"; from that point on, the prognosis of patients affected by chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) became comparable to that of aged-matched healthy subjects. The aims of treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are for complete hematological response after 3 months of treatment, complete cytogenetic response after 6 months, and a reduction of the molecular disease of at least 3 logs after 12 months. Patients who do not reach their goal can switch to another TKI. Thus, the molecular monitoring of response is the main consideration of management of CML patients. Moreover, cases in deep and persistent molecular response can tempt the physician to interrupt treatment, and this "dream" is possible due to the quantitative PCR. After great international effort, today the BCR-ABL1 expression obtained in each laboratory is standardized and expressed as "international scale." This aim has been reached after the establishment of the EUTOS program (in Europe) and the LabNet network (in Italy), the platforms where biologists meet clinicians. In the field of quantitative PCR, the digital PCR is now a new and promising, sensitive and accurate tool. Some authors reported that digital PCR is able to better classify patients in precise "molecular classes," which could lead to a better identification of those cases that will benefit from the interruption of therapy. In addition, digital PCR can be used to identify a point mutation in the ABL1 domain, mutations that are often responsible for the TKI resistance. In the field of resistance, a prominent role is played by the NGS that enables identification of any mutation in ABL1 domain, even at sub-clonal levels. This manuscript reviews how the molecular tools can lead the management of CML patients, focusing on the more recent technical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Izzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Molecular Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Santa Errichiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Molecular Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Daraio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Baratè
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Galimberti
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Liu F, Zou F, Chen C, Yu K, Liu X, Qi S, Wu J, Hu C, Hu Z, Liu J, Liu X, Wang L, Ge J, Wang W, Ren T, Bai M, Cai Y, Xiao X, Qian F, Tang J, Liu Q, Liu J. Axitinib overcomes multiple imatinib resistant cKIT mutations including the gatekeeper mutation T670I in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919849757. [PMID: 31205508 PMCID: PMC6535728 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919849757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background cKIT kinase overexpression and gain-of-function mutations are the critical pathogenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Although the multiple kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib have been approved for GISTs, the acquisition of polyclonal secondary resistance mutations in KIT is still a limitation for GIST treatment. Here we explored the KIT inhibitory activity of axitinib in preclinical models and describe initial characterization of its activity in GIST patient-derived primary cells. Methods The activities of axitinib against mutant KIT were evaluated using protein-based assay and a panel of engineered and GIST-derived cell lines. The binding modes of axitinib-KIT/KIT mutants were analyzed. Four primary cells derived from GIST patients were also used to assess the drug response of axitinib. Results Axitinib exhibited potent activities against a variety of cKIT associated primary and secondary mutations. It displayed better activity against cKIT wild-type, cKIT V559D/A/G, and L576P primary gain-of-function mutations than imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib. In addition, it could inhibit imatinib resistant cKIT T670I and V654A mutants in vitro and in vivo GIST preclinical models. Conclusion Our results provide the basis for extending the application of axitinib to GISTs patients who are unresponsive or intolerant to the current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Fengming Zou
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Kailin Yu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochuan Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Qi
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Chen Hu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Zhenquan Hu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Juan Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Juan Ge
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Tao Ren
- Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China Precision Targeted Therapy Discovery Center, Institute of Technology Innovation, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Mingfeng Bai
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yujiao Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Southwest Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force No. 901 Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230088, P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P. R. China Precision Targeted Therapy Discovery Center, Institute of Technology Innovation, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230088, P. R. China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China Precision Medicine Research Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230088, P. R. China
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Snow O, Lallous N, Singh K, Lack N, Rennie P, Cherkasov A. Androgen receptor plasticity and its implications for prostate cancer therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 81:101871. [PMID: 31698174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to a drug treatment is a common problem across many cancers including prostate cancer (PCa) - one of the major factors for male mortality. The androgen receptor (AR) continues to be the main therapeutic PCa target and despite the success of modern targeted therapies such as enzalutamide, resistance to these drugs eventually develops. The AR has found many ways to adapt to treatments including overexpression and production of functional, constitutively active splice variants. However, of particular importance are point mutations in the ligand binding domain of the protein that convert anti-androgens into potent AR agonists. This mechanism appears to be especially prevalent with the AR in spite of some distant similarities to other hormone nuclear receptors. Despite the AR being one of the most studied and attended targets in cancer, those gain-of-function mutations in the receptor remain a significant challenge for the development of PCa therapies. This drives the need to fully characterize such mutations and to consistently screen PCa patients for their occurrence to prevent adverse reactions to anti-androgen drugs. Novel treatments should also be developed to overcome this resistance mechanism and more attention should be given to the possibility of similar occurrences in other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Snow
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak St, Vancouver V6H 3Z6, BC, Canada; School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, BC, Canada
| | - Nada Lallous
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak St, Vancouver V6H 3Z6, BC, Canada
| | - Kriti Singh
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak St, Vancouver V6H 3Z6, BC, Canada
| | - Nathan Lack
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak St, Vancouver V6H 3Z6, BC, Canada
| | - Paul Rennie
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak St, Vancouver V6H 3Z6, BC, Canada
| | - Artem Cherkasov
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak St, Vancouver V6H 3Z6, BC, Canada.
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Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of 18F-fluoronorimatinib as radiotracer for Imatinib-sensitive gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Nucl Med Biol 2017; 57:1-11. [PMID: 29175467 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) have a wide range of mutations, but can mostly be treated with Imatinib, until eventually resistance towards this tyrosine kinase inhibitor is acquired. Early and non-invasive determination of the sensitivity of the tumor and its metastases towards Imatinib by positron emission tomography (PET) would be beneficial for therapy planning and monitoring. METHODS We developed a synthesis strategy towards the precursor molecule, performed the 18F-synthesis and in the following evaluated the radioligand in vitro regarding its lipophilicity, stability and biological activity (KIT binding properties) as well as its in vivo properties in GIST tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS [18F]fluoronorimatinib could be obtained in an overall radiochemical yield of 22.2±3.3% within 90min. The radioligand showed high GIST cell uptake and was able to distinguish between Imatinib-sensitive and resistant tumor cell lines (GIST-T1, GIST882, GIST430) in vitro. Further biological evaluations of the ligand towards 9 different GIST-relevant KIT mutations showed comparable binding affinities compared to the structural lead Norimatinib (65nM vs. 53nM for wt-KIT). The in vivo evaluation of the newly developed radioligand showed tumor-to-background-ratios comparable to previously described, similar radiotracers. CONCLUSIONS Thus, [18F]fluoronorimatinib is able to distinguish between Imatinib-resistant and sensitive KIT mutations. Although no improvement of in vivo tumor-to-background ratios could be achieved compared to formerly described radioligands, the hepatic uptake could be considerably reduced, being advantageous for the imaging of GIST. Advances in knowledge and implications for patient care: We were able to show that it is possible to significantly reduce the unfavorably high hepatic uptake of small-molecule radioligands applicable for GIST PET imaging. This work can thus be the basis for further work intending to develop a PET-radioligand for Imatinib-dependent GIST imaging.
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Kaitsiotou H, Keul M, Hardick J, Mühlenberg T, Ketzer J, Ehrt C, Krüll J, Medda F, Koch O, Giordanetto F, Bauer S, Rauh D. Inhibitors to Overcome Secondary Mutations in the Stem Cell Factor Receptor KIT. J Med Chem 2017; 60:8801-8815. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kaitsiotou
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marina Keul
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julia Hardick
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Mühlenberg
- Department
of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Centre West German Cancer Centre University Duisburg−Essen, Medical School, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
- Germany
and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Ketzer
- Department
of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Centre West German Cancer Centre University Duisburg−Essen, Medical School, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
- Germany
and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Christiane Ehrt
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jasmin Krüll
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Federico Medda
- Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Straße 76a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Oliver Koch
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Bauer
- Department
of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Centre West German Cancer Centre University Duisburg−Essen, Medical School, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany
- Germany
and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Bethke E, Pinchuk B, Renn C, Witt L, Schlosser J, Peifer C. From Type I to Type II: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Potent Pyrazin-2-ones as DFG-Out Inhibitors of PDGFRβ. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2664-2674. [PMID: 27885822 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Reversible protein kinase inhibitors that bind in the ATP cleft can be classified as type I or type II binders. Of these, type I inhibitors address the active form, whereas type II inhibitors typically lock the kinase in an inactive form. At the molecular level, the conformation of the flexible activation loop holding the key DFG motif controls access to the ATP site, thereby determining an active or inactive kinase state. Accordingly, type I and type II kinase inhibitors bind to so-called DFG-in or DFG-out conformations, respectively. Based on our former study on highly selective platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) pyrazin-2-one type I inhibitors, we expanded this scaffold toward the deep pocket, yielding the highly potent and effective type II inhibitor 5 (4-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-N-[3-[[6-oxo-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazin-3-yl]methyl]phenyl]benzamide). In vitro characterization, including selectivity panel data from activity-based assays (300 kinases) and affinity-based assays (97 kinases) of these PDGFRβ type I (1; 5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazin-2-one) and II (5) inhibitors showing the same pyrazin-2-one chemotype are compared. Implications are discussed regarding the data for selectivity and efficacy of type I and type II ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugen Bethke
- Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Institute of Pharmacy, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Boris Pinchuk
- Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Institute of Pharmacy, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Renn
- Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Institute of Pharmacy, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lydia Witt
- Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Institute of Pharmacy, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joachim Schlosser
- Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Institute of Pharmacy, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Peifer
- Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Institute of Pharmacy, Gutenbergstr. 76, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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Park H, Lee S, Hong S. Discovery of Dual Inhibitors for Wild Type and D816V Mutant of c-KIT Kinase through Virtual and Biochemical Screening of Natural Products. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:293-299. [PMID: 26807861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT) kinase is responsible for various malignant human cancers, the presence of constitutively active gain-of-function mutants has made it difficult to discover new anticancer agents using c-KIT as the target protein. To identify the common inhibitors of wild-type c-KIT and the most abundant gain-of-function mutant (D816V), the virtual screening of natural products was performed for the two target proteins in parallel with the scoring function improved by implementing a sophisticated solvation free energy term. As a result, four common inhibitors of natural origin are found with biochemical potencies ranging from low micromolar to submicromolar levels. The results of extensive docking simulations show that although the natural-product inhibitors establish weaker hydrophobic interactions with the D816V mutant than with the wild type, they exhibit a little higher inhibitory activity for the former than the latter by strengthening the hydrogen-bond interactions to a sufficient extent. Of the four natural-product inhibitors, (Z)-6-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one (3) is anticipated to serve as a new molecular core for the structure-activity relationship studies to optimize the biochemical potencies because it exhibits good inhibitory activity against both the wild type and D816V mutant despite its low molecular weight (268.3 amu).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwangseo Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology & Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University , 209 Neungdong-ro, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) & Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) & Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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Shan Y, Dong J, Pan X, Zhang L, Zhang J, Dong Y, Wang M. Expanding the structural diversity of Bcr-Abl inhibitors: Dibenzoylpiperazin incorporated with 1H-indazol-3-amine. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 104:139-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Park S, Kwon DI, Lee J, Kim I. When Indolizine Meets Quinoline: Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of New Polyheterocycles and Their Optical Properties. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2015. [PMID: 26203781 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.5b00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence-based technologies play a pivotal role in various biomedical applications. Here we report an efficient route to a new class of fluorophores, indolizino[3,2-c]quinolines, via the oxidative Pictet-Spengler cyclization strategy. The condensation of several 2-methylpyridines with 2-bromo-2'-nitroacetophenone allowed for the rapid assembly of indolizines with a 2-nitrophenyl group at the C2 position. The subsequent reduction of the nitro group under mild conditions followed by oxidative Pictet-Spengler cyclization with various aryl aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic amount of FeCl3 furnished the indolizino[3,2-c]quinolines in good overall yields. We also examined the photophysical properties of this new series of polyheterocyclic compounds. Several indolizino[3,2-c]quinolines were found to have unique and desirable optical properties, suggesting that these compounds may be suitable for use as prospective fluorescent probes in aqueous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Park
- College
of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Dah In Kwon
- College
of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- College
of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ikyon Kim
- College
of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
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Richters A, Nguyen HD, Phan T, Simard JR, Grütter C, Engel J, Rauh D. Identification of Type II and III DDR2 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2014; 57:4252-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500167q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- André Richters
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hoang D. Nguyen
- Chemical
Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Straße 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Trang Phan
- Chemical
Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Straße 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jeffrey R. Simard
- Chemical
Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Straße 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Grütter
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julian Engel
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical
Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Straße 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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