1
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Liu F, Yang S, Zhang L, Zhang M, Bi Y, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of amphiphilic benzopyran derivatives as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 277:116784. [PMID: 39178727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a significant threat to global public health. To develop novel, high efficiency antibacterial alternatives to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria, A total of thirty-two novel amphiphilic benzopyran derivatives by mimicking the structure and function of antimicrobial peptides were designed and synthesized. Among them, the most promising compounds 4h and 17e displayed excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MICs = 1-4 μg/mL) with weak hemolytic activity and good membrane selectivity. Additionally, compounds 4h and 17e had rapid bactericidal properties, low resistance frequency, good plasma stability, and strong capabilities of inhibiting and eliminating bacterial biofilms. Mechanistic studies revealed that compounds 4h and 17e could effectively disrupt the integrity of bacterial cell membranes, and accompanied by an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and the leakage of proteins and DNA, ultimately leading to bacterial death. Notably, compound 4h exhibited comparable in vivo antibacterial potency in a mouse septicemia model infected by Staphylococcus aureus ATCC43300, as compared to vancomycin. These findings indicated that 4h might be a promising antibacterial candidate to combat antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Siyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Meiyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Ying Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Xuekun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
| | - Yinhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Miao G, Wang S, Zhou F. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of pyranochromene derivatives as membrane targeting antibacterials against Gram-positive bacteria. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 113:129949. [PMID: 39243868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The rapid growth of bacterial resistance has created obstacles for the effective treatment with conventional antibiotics, simultaneously posing a major threat to public health. In this study, a class of novel amphipathic pyranochromene derivatives were designed and synthesized by mimicking the amphiphilic characteristics of AMPs. Bioactivity screening identified a lead compound 5a with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive stains (MICs = 1-4 μg/mL) and low hemolytic toxicity (HC50 = 111.6 μg/mL). Additionally, compound 5a displayed rapid bactericidal action, and was unlikely to induce bacterial resistance. Mechanistic investigation further demonstrated that compound 5a was able to disrupt the transmembrane potential and increased membrane permeability of S. aureus, which in turn causes leakage of cell contents such as DNA and proteins, ultimately leading to bacterial death. These findings indicated that compound 5a is a promising lead to combat bacterial infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Guoqing Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Fen Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China.
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3
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Zhang F, Fang H, Zhao Y, Zhao B, Qin S, Wang Y, Guo Y, Liu J, Xu T. A membrane-targeting magnolol derivative for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1385585. [PMID: 38827157 PMCID: PMC11140843 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are a major global health challenge, especially the emergence and rapid spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) urgently require alternative treatment options. Our study has identified that a magnolol derivative 6i as a promising agent with significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus and clinical MRSA isolates (MIC = 2-8 μg/mL), showing high membrane selectivity. Unlike traditional antibiotics, 6i demonstrated rapid bactericidal efficiency and a lower propensity for inducing bacterial resistance. Compound 6i also could inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate bacteria within biofilms. Mechanistic studies further revealed that 6i could target bacterial cell membranes, disrupting the integrity of the cell membrane and leading to increased DNA leakage, resulting in potent antibacterial effects. Meanwhile, 6i also showed good plasma stability and excellent biosafety. Notably, 6i displayed good in vivo antibacterial activity in a mouse skin abscess model of MRSA-16 infection, which was comparable to the positive control vancomycin. These findings indicated that the magnolol derivative 6i possessed the potential to be a novel anti-MRSA infection agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Buhui Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shangshang Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yong Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jifeng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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4
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Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Xiang X, Ouyang X, Liu L, Li T. 4-phenylbutyric acid improves sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction by modulating amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism via Comt/Ptgs2/Ppara. Metabolomics 2024; 20:46. [PMID: 38641695 PMCID: PMC11031492 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac dysfunction after sepsis the most common and severe sepsis-related organ failure. The severity of cardiac damage in sepsis patients was positively associated to mortality. It is important to look for drugs targeting sepsis-induced cardiac damage. Our previous studies found that 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) was beneficial to septic shock by improving cardiovascular function and survival, while the specific mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the specific mechanism and PBA for protecting cardiac function in sepsis. METHODS The cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic shock models were used to observe the therapeutic effects of PBA on myocardial contractility and the serum levels of cardiac troponin-T. The mechanisms of PBA against sepsis were explored by metabolomics and network pharmacology. RESULTS The results showed that PBA alleviated the sepsis-induced cardiac damage. The metabolomics results showed that there were 28 metabolites involving in the therapeutic effects of PBA against sepsis. According to network pharmacology, 11 hub genes were found that were involved in lipid metabolism and amino acid transport following PBA treatment. The further integrated analysis focused on 7 key targets, including Comt, Slc6a4, Maoa, Ppara, Pparg, Ptgs2 and Trpv1, as well as their core metabolites and pathways. In an in vitro assay, PBA effectively inhibited sepsis-induced reductions in Comt, Ptgs2 and Ppara after sepsis. CONCLUSIONS PBA protects sepsis-induced cardiac injury by targeting Comt/Ptgs2/Ppara, which regulates amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. The study reveals the complicated mechanisms of PBA against sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinming Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingnan Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Shock and Transfusion of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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5
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Li TX, Dong HH, Xing L, He L, Zhang RY, Shao DY, Dai YX, Li DL, Xu CP. Aspercitrininone A, novel antibacterial polyketide featuring unusual spiral skeleton from Aspergillus cristatus. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105827. [PMID: 38266661 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Aspercitrininone A (1), a novel polyketide featuring an unprecedented tetracyclic 6/6/6/5 spiral skeleton, was obtained from the rice fermentation cultures of the fungus Aspergillus cristatus together with five known compounds (2-6). Their structures were determined by HRESIMS data, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Aspercitrininone A was revealed as a new type of C/D cycle spiral structure and an unusual addition product of o-quinoid form citrinin with 2-methylterrefuranone. Compounds 1, 4, and 5 exhibited potent antibacterial activities with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values from 13.2 to 67.3 μg/mL against four strains of human pathogenic bacteria in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xiao Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hong-Hui Dong
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Cigar Fermentation Technology Key Laboratory of Tobacco Industry, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Li He
- Technical Center of China Tobacco Jiangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Rong-Ya Zhang
- Cigar Fermentation Technology Key Laboratory of Tobacco Industry, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Deng-Yin Shao
- Technical Center of China Tobacco Jiangxi Industrial Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China.
| | - Yu-Xiang Dai
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dong-Liang Li
- Cigar Fermentation Technology Key Laboratory of Tobacco Industry, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610051, China.
| | - Chun-Ping Xu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Safwan SM, Kumar N, Mehta D, Singh M, Saini V, Pandey N, Khatol S, Batheja S, Singh J, Walia P, Bajaj A. Xanthone Derivatives Enhance the Therapeutic Potential of Neomycin against Polymicrobial Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:527-540. [PMID: 38294409 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacterial infections are difficult to manage as many antibiotics are ineffective owing to the presence of impermeable bacterial membranes. Polymicrobial infections pose a serious threat due to the inadequate efficacy of available antibiotics, thereby necessitating the administration of antibiotics at higher doses. Antibiotic adjuvants have emerged as a boon as they can augment the therapeutic potential of available antibiotics. However, the toxicity profile of antibiotic adjuvants is a major hurdle in clinical translation. Here, we report the design, synthesis, and biological activities of xanthone-derived molecules as potential antibiotic adjuvants. Our SAR studies witnessed that the p-dimethylamino pyridine-derivative of xanthone (X8) enhances the efficacy of neomycin (NEO) against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and causes a synergistic antimicrobial effect without any toxicity against mammalian cells. Biochemical studies suggest that the combination of X8 and NEO, apart from inhibiting protein synthesis, enhances the membrane permeability by binding to lipopolysaccharide. Notably, the combination of X8 and NEO can disrupt the monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilms and show promising therapeutic potential against a murine wound infection model. Collectively, our results unveil the combination of X8 and NEO as a suitable adjuvant therapy for the inhibition of the Gram-negative bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mohamad Safwan
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Lord Shiva College of Pharmacy, Near Civil Hospital, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India
| | - Devashish Mehta
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Mohit Singh
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Varsha Saini
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Nishant Pandey
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Steffi Khatol
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Shalini Batheja
- Lord Shiva College of Pharmacy, Near Civil Hospital, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India
| | - Jitender Singh
- Lord Shiva College of Pharmacy, Near Civil Hospital, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India
| | - Preeti Walia
- Lord Shiva College of Pharmacy, Near Civil Hospital, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Third Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
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7
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El-Remaily MAEAAA, Aboelez MO, Ezelarab HAA, Selim HMRM, Taha EA, Mohamed SK, Soliman AM, Abdallah MS, Fawy MA, Hassany MA, Ahmed N, Alsaggaf AT, El Hamd MA, Kamel MS. Guanidine dicycloamine-based analogs: green chemistry synthesis, biological investigation, and molecular docking studies as promising antibacterial and antiglycation leads. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10816-w. [PMID: 38324159 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10816-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Dicyandiamide (DCD) reacted with amino acids 1a-f to produce biguanides 2 and 4 and guanidine pyrazolones 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8, according to the reaction. DCD exhibited the following reactions: imidodicarbonimidicdiamide 9, diazocan-2-ylguanidine 10, methyl biguanidylthion 11, N-carbamothioylimidodicarbonimidicdiamide 12, 2-guanidinebenzoimidazole 13a, 2-guanidinylbenzoxazole 13b, and 2-guanidinylbenzothiazol 13c. These reactions were triggered by 6-amino caproic acid, thioacetamide, thiourea, o-aminophenol, o-aminothiophenol, and anthranilic acid, respectively. Compound 2 had the least antimicrobial activity, while compound 13c demonstrated the most antibacterial impact against all bacterial strains. Furthermore, in terms of antiglycation efficacy (AGEs), 12, 11, and 7 were the most effective AGE cross-linking inhibitors. Eight and ten, which showed a considerable inhibition on cross-linking AGEs, come next. Compounds 4 and 6 on the other hand have shown the least suppression of AGE production. The most promising antiglycation scaffolds 8, 11, and 12 in the Human serum albumin (HAS) active site were shown to be able to adopt crucial binding interactions with important amino acids based on the results of in silico molecular docking. The most promising antiglycation compounds 8, 11, and 12 were also shown to have better hydrophilicity, acceptable lipophilicity, gastrointestinal tract absorption (GIT), and blood-brain barrier penetration qualities when their physicochemical properties were examined using the egg-boiled method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moustafa O Aboelez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Enas A Taha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6 October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shaaban K Mohamed
- The Environment and School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Ahmed M Soliman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Abdallah
- The Environment and School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Mariam A Fawy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hassany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Nessar Ahmed
- The Environment and School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
| | - Moumen S Kamel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
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8
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Liu Q, Zhang H, Yi Y, Wang P, Pu W, Wang S, Shang R. Synthesis and evaluation of novel pleuromutilin derivatives targeting the 50S ribosomal subunit for antibacterial ability. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115882. [PMID: 37879170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, have become a major global public health concern. Therefore, developing new antibiotics that do not possess cross-resistance for the currently available antibiotics is critical. Herein, we synthesized a novel class of pleuromutilin derivatives containing substituted triazine with improved antibacterial activity. Among these derivatives, 6d, which contains 4-dimethylamino-1,3,5-triazine in the side chain of pleuromutilin, exhibited highly promising antimicrobial activity and mitigated antibiotic resistance. The high antibacterial potency of 6d was further supported by docking model analysis and green fluorescent protein inhibition assay. Additionally, cytotoxicity and acute oral toxicity evaluation and in vivo mouse systemic infection experiments revealed that 6d possessed tolerable toxicity and promising therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - YunPeng Yi
- Shandong Provincial Animal and Poultry Green Health Products Creation Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, 202 Gongyebeilu, Jinan, 250023, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Wanxia Pu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Ruofeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
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9
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Wang R, Zhou X, Chen J, Chen Y, Xiong Y, Duan X, Liao X, Wang J. Ruthenium polypyridine complexes containing prenyl groups as antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus aureus through a membrane-disruption mechanism. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300175. [PMID: 37421212 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Four new ruthenium polypyridyl complexes with prenyl groups, [Ru(bpy)2 (MHIP)](PF6 )2 (Ru(II)-1), [Ru(dtb)2 (MHIP)](PF6 )2 (Ru(II)-2), [Ru(dmb)2 (MHIP)](PF6 )2 (Ru(II)-3), and [Ru(dmob)2 (MHIP)](PF6 )2 (Ru(II)-4) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, dtb = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine, dmb = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, dmob = 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine, and MHIP = 2-(2,6-dimethylhepta-1,5-dien-1-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,f][1,10]phenanthroline), were synthesized and characterized. Their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus were assessed, and the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of Ru(II)-2 against S. aureus was only 0.5 µg/mL, showing the best antibacterial activity among them. S. aureus could be quickly killed by Ru(II)-2 in 30 min and Ru(II)-2 displayed an obvious inhibitive effect on the formation of a biofilm, which was essential to avoid the development of drug-resistance. Meanwhile, Ru(II)-2 exhibited a stable MIC value against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The antibacterial mechanism of Ru(II)-2 was probably related to depolarization of the cell membrane, and a change of permeability was associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species, leading to leakage of nucleic acid and bacterial death. Furthermore, Ru(II)-2 hardly showed toxicity to mammalian cells and the Galleria mellonella worm. Finally, murine infection studies also illustrated that Ru(II)-2 was highly effective against S. aureus in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runbin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhou
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yushou Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanshi Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuemin Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangwen Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jintao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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10
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Gomes AR, Varela CL, Pires AS, Tavares-da-Silva EJ, Roleira FMF. Synthetic and natural guanidine derivatives as antitumor and antimicrobial agents: A review. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106600. [PMID: 37209561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Guanidines are fascinating small nitrogen-rich organic compounds, which have been frequently associated with a wide range of biological activities. This is mainly due to their interesting chemical features. For these reasons, for the past decades, researchers have been synthesizing and evaluating guanidine derivatives. In fact, there are currently on the market several guanidine-bearing drugs. Given the broad panoply of pharmacological activities displayed by guanidine compounds, in this review, we chose to focus on antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities presented by several natural and synthetic guanidine derivatives, which are undergoing preclinical and clinical studies from January 2010 to January 2023. Moreover, we also present guanidine-containing drugs currently in the market for the treatment of cancer and several infectious diseases. In the preclinical and clinical setting, most of the synthesized and natural guanidine derivatives are being evaluated as antitumor and antibacterial agents. Even though DNA is the most known target of this type of compounds, their cytotoxicity also involves several other different mechanisms, such as interference with bacterial cell membranes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, mediated-Rac1 inhibition, among others. As for the compounds already used as pharmacological drugs, their main application is in the treatment of different types of cancer, such as breast, lung, prostate, and leukemia. Guanidine-containing drugs are also being used for the treatment of bacterial, antiprotozoal, antiviral infections and, recently, have been proposed for the treatment of COVID-19. To conclude, the guanidine group is a privileged scaffold in drug design. Its remarkable cytotoxic activities, especially in the field of oncology, still make it suitable for a deeper investigation to afford more efficient and target-specific drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Gomes
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla L Varela
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana S Pires
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisiário J Tavares-da-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda M F Roleira
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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11
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Ganesan N, Mishra B, Felix L, Mylonakis E. Antimicrobial Peptides and Small Molecules Targeting the Cell Membrane of Staphylococcus aureus. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2023; 87:e0003722. [PMID: 37129495 PMCID: PMC10304793 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00037-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical management of Staphylococcus aureus infections presents a challenge due to the high incidence, considerable virulence, and emergence of drug resistance mechanisms. The treatment of drug-resistant strains, such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is further complicated by the development of tolerance and persistence to antimicrobial agents in clinical use. To address these challenges, membrane disruptors, that are not generally considered during drug discovery for agents against S. aureus, should be explored. The cell membrane protects S. aureus from external stresses and antimicrobial agents, but membrane-targeting antimicrobial agents are probably less likely to promote bacterial resistance. Nontypical linear cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), highly modified AMPs such as daptomycin (lipopeptide), bacitracin (cyclic peptide), and gramicidin S (cyclic peptide), are currently in clinical use. Recent studies have demonstrated that AMPs and small molecules can penetrate the cell membrane of S. aureus, inhibit phospholipid biosynthesis, or block the passage of solutes between the periplasm and the exterior of the cell. In addition to their primary mechanism of action (MOA) that targets the bacterial membrane, AMPs and small molecules may also impact bacteria through secondary mechanisms such as targeting the biofilm, and downregulating virulence genes of S. aureus. In this review, we discuss the current state of research into cell membrane-targeting AMPs and small molecules and their potential mechanisms of action against drug-resistant physiological forms of S. aureus, including persister cells and biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narchonai Ganesan
- Infectious Diseases Division, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Biswajit Mishra
- Infectious Diseases Division, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - LewisOscar Felix
- Infectious Diseases Division, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Eleftherios Mylonakis
- Infectious Diseases Division, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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12
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Vieira SF, Araújo J, Gonçalves VMF, Fernandes C, Pinto M, Ferreira H, Neves NM, Tiritan ME. Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of a Library of Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones Conjugated with Proteinogenic Amino Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10357. [PMID: 37373503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the relationship between drug chirality and biological activity has been assuming enormous importance in medicinal chemistry. Particularly, chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) have interesting biological activities, including enantioselective anti-inflammatory activity. Herein, the synthesis of a library of CDXs is described, by coupling a carboxyxanthone (1) with both enantiomers of proteinogenic amino esters as chiral building blocks (2-31), following the chiral pool strategy. The coupling reactions were performed at room temperature with good yields (from 44 to 99.9%) and very high enantiomeric purity, with most of them presenting an enantiomeric ratio close to 100%. To afford the respective amino acid derivatives (32-61), the ester group of the CDXs was hydrolyzed in mild alkaline conditions. Consequently, in this work, sixty new derivatives of CDXs were synthetized. The cytocompatibility and anti-inflammatory activity in the presence of M1 macrophages were studied for forty-four of the new synthesized CDXs. A significant decrease in the levels of a proinflammatory cytokine targeted in the treatment of several inflammatory diseases, namely interleukin 6 (IL-6), was achieved in the presence of many CDXs. The amino ester of L-tyrosine (X1AELT) was the most effective in reducing IL-6 production (52.2 ± 13.2%) by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, it was ≈1.2 times better than the D-enantiomer. Indeed, enantioselectivity was observed for the majority of the tested compounds. Thus, their evaluation as promising anti-inflammatory drugs should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara F Vieira
- 3B's Research Group, I3BS-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana Araújo
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Virgínia M F Gonçalves
- TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UNIPRO-Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- 3B's Research Group, I3BS-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno M Neves
- 3B's Research Group, I3BS-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UNIPRO-Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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13
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Park SY, Lee JH, Ko SY, Kim N, Kim SY, Lee JC. Antimicrobial activity of α-mangostin against Staphylococcus species from companion animals in vitro and therapeutic potential of α-mangostin in skin diseases caused by S. pseudintermedius. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1203663. [PMID: 37305406 PMCID: PMC10248440 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1203663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus species from companion animals is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. S. pseudintermedius is a leading cause of skin infections in companion animals. α-mangostin (α-MG) exhibits various pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial activity against G (+) bacteria. This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of α-MG against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus species from companion animals and assessed the therapeutic potential of α-MG in skin diseases induced by S. pseudintermedius in a murine model. Furthermore, the action mechanisms of α-MG against S. pseudintermedius were investigated. α-MG exhibited antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates of five different Staphylococcus species from skin diseases of companion animals in vitro, but not G (-) bacteria. α-MG specifically interacted with the major histocompatibility complex II analogous protein (MAP) domain-containing protein located in the cytoplasmic membrane of S. pseudintermedius via hydroxyl groups at C-3 and C-6. Pretreatment of S. pseudintermedius with anti-MAP domain-containing protein polyclonal serum significantly reduced the antimicrobial activity of α-MG. The sub-minimum inhibitory concentration of α-MG differentially regulated 194 genes, especially metabolic pathway and virulence determinants, in S. pseudintermedius. α-MG in pluronic lecithin organogel significantly reduced the bacterial number, partially restored the epidermal barrier, and suppressed the expression of cytokine genes associated with pro-inflammatory, Th1, Th2, and Th17 in skin lesions induced by S. pseudintermedius in a murine model. Thus, α-MG is a potential therapeutic candidate for treating skin diseases caused by Staphylococcus species in companion animals.
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14
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Leite FF, de Sousa NF, de Oliveira BHM, Duarte GD, Ferreira MDL, Scotti MT, Filho JMB, Rodrigues LC, de Moura RO, Mendonça-Junior FJB, Scotti L. Anticancer Activity of Chalcones and Its Derivatives: Review and In Silico Studies. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104009. [PMID: 37241750 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are direct precursors in the biosynthesis of flavonoids. They have an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system which gives them broad biological properties. Among the biological properties exerted by chalcones, their ability to suppress tumors stands out, in addition to their low toxicity. In this perspective, the present work explores the role of natural and synthetic chalcones and their anticancer activity in vitro reported in the last four years from 2019 to 2023. Moreover, we carried out a partial least square (PLS) analysis of the biologic data reported for colon adenocarcinoma lineage HCT-116. Information was obtained from the Web of Science database. Our in silico analysis identified that the presence of polar radicals such as hydroxyl and methoxyl contributed to the anticancer activity of chalcones derivatives. We hope that the data presented in this work will help researchers to develop effective drugs to inhibit colon adenocarcinoma in future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ferreira Leite
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Natália Ferreira de Sousa
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Hanrry Melo de Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Gabrielly Diniz Duarte
- Post-Graduate Program in Development and Innovation of Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Denise Leite Ferreira
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - José Maria Barbosa Filho
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Cezar Rodrigues
- Post-Graduate Program in Development and Innovation of Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceuticals Sciences Paraiba State University, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
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15
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Gattu R, Ramesh SS, Nadigar S, D CG, Ramesh S. Conjugation as a Tool in Therapeutics: Role of Amino Acids/Peptides-Bioactive (Including Heterocycles) Hybrid Molecules in Treating Infectious Diseases. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:532. [PMID: 36978399 PMCID: PMC10044335 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide-based drugs are gaining significant momentum in the modern drug discovery, which is witnessed by the approval of new drugs by the FDA in recent years. On the other hand, small molecules-based drugs are an integral part of drug development since the past several decades. Peptide-containing drugs are placed between small molecules and the biologics. Both the peptides as well as the small molecules (mainly heterocycles) pose several drawbacks as therapeutics despite their success in curing many diseases. This gap may be bridged by utilising the so called 'conjugation chemistry', in which both the partners are linked to one another through a stable chemical bond, and the resulting conjugates are found to possess attracting benefits, thus eliminating the stigma associated with the individual partners. Over the past decades, the field of molecular hybridisation has emerged to afford us new and efficient molecular architectures that have shown high promise in medicinal chemistry. Taking advantage of this and also considering our experience in this field, we present herein a review concerning the molecules obtained by the conjugation of peptides (amino acids) to small molecules (heterocycles as well as bioactive compounds). More than 125 examples of the conjugates citing nearly 100 references published during the period 2000 to 2022 having therapeutic applications in curing infectious diseases have been covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohith Gattu
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Ooty Road, Mysuru 570025, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay S. Ramesh
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Ooty Road, Mysuru 570025, Karnataka, India
| | - Siddaram Nadigar
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Ooty Road, Mysuru 570025, Karnataka, India
| | - Channe Gowda D
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570005, Karnataka, India
| | - Suhas Ramesh
- Postgraduate Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Ooty Road, Mysuru 570025, Karnataka, India
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16
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Teng P, Shao H, Huang B, Xie J, Cui S, Wang K, Cai J. Small Molecular Mimetics of Antimicrobial Peptides as a Promising Therapy To Combat Bacterial Resistance. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2211-2234. [PMID: 36739538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinically, antibiotics are widely used to treat infectious diseases; however, excessive drug abuse and overuse exacerbate the prevalence of drug-resistant bacterial pathogens, making the development of novel antibiotics extremely difficult. Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) is one of the most promising candidates for overcoming bacterial resistance owing to its unique structure and mechanism of action. This study examines the development of small molecular mimetics of AMPs over the past two decades. These mimetics can selectively disrupt membranes, which are the characteristic antibacterial mechanism of AMPs. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of small AMP mimetics are discussed. The small molecular mimetics of AMPs are anticipated to garner interest and investment in discovering new antibiotics. This Perspective will assist in revitalizing the golden age of antibiotics in the current era of combating bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Teng
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Haodong Shao
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Kairong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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17
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Wong KW, Teh SS, Law KP, Ismail IS, Sato K, Mase N, Mah SH. Synthesis of benzylated amine-substituted xanthone derivatives and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200418. [PMID: 36285691 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and its constant companion, inflammation, play a critical part in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic illnesses. The discovery of new multi-targeted drug candidates with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties is deemed necessary. Thus, a series of novel xanthone derivatives with halogenated benzyl (4b-4d, 4f-4h) and methoxylated benzyl groups (4e) attached to the butoxy amine substituent were synthesized in this study. The synthesized xanthone derivatives exhibited stronger antioxidant activity against H2 O2 scavenging than the standard drug, α-tocopherol, but weaker towards DPPH scavenging and ferrous ion chelation. Besides that, 4b-4d, 4f-4h demonstrated good anti-inflammatory activities through NO production inhibition towards lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells and showed 2-4 times stronger effects than the standard drug, diclofenac sodium. Moreover, compound 4b with two brominated benzyl groups attached to the butoxy amine substituent suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-1β, significantly. Structure-activity relationship elucidated that the halogenated benzylamine substituent plays an important role in contributing the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of xanthones. In summary, xanthone 4b was identified as a potential lead compound to be further developed into antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs. Thus, further studies on the related mechanisms of action of 4b are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Woong Wong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Soek Sin Teh
- Engineering and Processing Division, Energy and Environment Unit, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kung Pui Law
- School of Pre-University Studies, Taylor's College, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kohei Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mase
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Siau Hui Mah
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.,Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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18
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Arifian H, Maharani R, Megantara S, Gazzali AM, Muchtaridi M. Amino-Acid-Conjugated Natural Compounds: Aims, Designs and Results. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217631. [PMID: 36364457 PMCID: PMC9654077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein is one of the essential macronutrients required by all living things. The breakdown of protein produces monomers known as amino acids. The concept of conjugating natural compounds with amino acids for therapeutic applications emerged from the fact that amino acids are important building blocks of life and are abundantly available; thus, a greater shift can result in structural modification, since amino acids contain a variety of sidechains. This review discusses the data available on amino acid–natural compound conjugates that were reported with respect to their backgrounds, the synthetic approach and their bioactivity. Several amino acid–natural compound conjugates have shown enhanced pharmacokinetic characteristics, including absorption and distribution properties, reduced toxicity and increased physiological effects. This approach could offer a potentially effective system of drug discovery that can enable the development of pharmacologically active and pharmacokinetically acceptable molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanggara Arifian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda 75119, Indonesia
| | - Rani Maharani
- Research Collaboration Centre for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Sandra Megantara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Centre for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
| | - Amirah Mohd Gazzali
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Saisn Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Centre for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
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19
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Three New Xanthones from Hypericum scabrum and Their Quorum Sensing Inhibitory Activities against Chromobacterium violaceum. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175519. [PMID: 36080284 PMCID: PMC9458047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) plays an important role in the production of virulence factors and pathogenicity in pathogenic bacteria and is, therefore, a hopeful target to fight against bacterial infections. During our search for natural QS inhibitors, two new xanthonolignoids (1 and 2), each existing as a racemic mixture, one new simple oxygenated xanthone (7), and eight known analogs (3–6, 8–11) were isolated from Hypericum scabrum Linn. Chiral separation of 1 yielded a pair of enantiomers 1a and 1b. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and ECD (electrostatic circular dichroism) calculations. All isolates were evaluated for their QS inhibitory activity against Chromobacterium violaceum. Both 9 and 10 exhibited the most potent QS inhibitory effects with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 31.25 and 62.5 μM, respectively. Crystal violet staining was used to further evaluate the biofilm inhibition potential of compounds 7, 9 and 10, and the formation of biofilms increased with decreasing drug concentration in a classic dose-dependent manner. The results of a cytotoxicity assay revealed that compounds 7, 9 and 10 exhibited no cytotoxic activity on PC-12 cells at the tested concentration.
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Do Pham DD, Mojr V, Helusová M, Mikušová G, Pohl R, Dávidová E, Šanderová H, Vítovská D, Bogdanová K, Večeřová R, Sedláková MH, Fišer R, Sudzinová P, Pospíšil J, Benada O, Křížek T, Galandáková A, Kolář M, Krásný L, Rejman D. LEGO-Lipophosphonoxins: A Novel Approach in Designing Membrane Targeting Antimicrobials. J Med Chem 2022; 65:10045-10078. [PMID: 35839126 PMCID: PMC9580004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The alarming rise of bacterial antibiotic resistance
requires the
development of new compounds. Such compounds, lipophosphonoxins (LPPOs),
were previously reported to be active against numerous bacterial species,
but serum albumins abolished their activity. Here we describe the
synthesis and evaluation of novel antibacterial compounds termed LEGO-LPPOs,
loosely based on LPPOs, consisting of a central linker module with
two attached connector modules on either side. The connector modules
are then decorated with polar and hydrophobic modules. We performed
an extensive structure–activity relationship study by varying
the length of the linker and hydrophobic modules. The best compounds
were active against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive species including
multiresistant strains and persisters. LEGO-LPPOs act by first depleting
the membrane potential and then creating pores in the cytoplasmic
membrane. Importantly, their efficacy is not affected by the presence
of serum albumins. Low cytotoxicity and low propensity for resistance
development demonstrate their potential for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Dinh Do Pham
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Mojr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Helusová
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Mikušová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Dávidová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Šanderová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Vídečská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Dragana Vítovská
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Vídečská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Bogdanová
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Večeřová
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Htoutou Sedláková
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Fišer
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Sudzinová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Vídečská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pospíšil
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Vídečská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Benada
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Vídečská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Křížek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Galandáková
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Kolář
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Krásný
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Vídečská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Rejman
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Wang Y, Wu P, Liu F, Chen J, Xue J, Qin Y, Chen F, Wang S, Ji L. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of membrane-active honokiol derivatives as potent antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114593. [PMID: 35820350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria have emerged to be one of the greatest threats to global public health, and new antimicrobial agents with novel mechanisms of action hence are in an urgent need to combat bacterial resistance. Herein, we reported the design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of novel honokiol derivatives as mimics of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These mimics showed potent antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria. Among them, the most promising compound 13b exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, rapid bactericidal properties, avoidance of antibiotic resistance, and weak hemolytic and cytotoxic activities. In addition, compound 13b not only inhibited the biofilm formation but also destroy the preformed biofilm. Mechanism studies further revealed that compound 13b killed bacteria rapidly by interrupting the bacterial membrane. More intriguingly, compound 13b exhibited potent in vivo antibacterial efficacy in a mouse septicemia model induced by Staphylococcus aureus ATCC43300. These results highlight the potential of 13b to be used as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Fangquan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jie Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yinhui Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Fang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
| | - Lusha Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
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22
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Svenson J, Molchanova N, Schroeder CI. Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics for Clinical Use: Does Size Matter? Front Immunol 2022; 13:915368. [PMID: 35720375 PMCID: PMC9204644 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for efficient antimicrobial therapies that can alleviate suffering caused by infections from resistant bacteria is more urgent than ever before. Infections caused by multi-resistant pathogens represent a significant and increasing burden to healthcare and society and researcher are investigating new classes of bioactive compounds to slow down this development. Antimicrobial peptides from the innate immune system represent one promising class that offers a potential solution to the antibiotic resistance problem due to their mode of action on the microbial membranes. However, challenges associated with pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and off-target toxicity are slowing down the advancement and use of innate defensive peptides. Improving the therapeutic properties of these peptides is a strategy for reducing the clinical limitations and synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides are emerging as a promising class of molecules for a variety of antimicrobial applications. These compounds can be made significantly shorter while maintaining, or even improving antimicrobial properties, and several downsized synthetic mimics are now in clinical development for a range of infectious diseases. A variety of strategies can be employed to prepare these small compounds and this review describes the different compounds developed to date by adhering to a minimum pharmacophore based on an amphiphilic balance between cationic charge and hydrophobicity. These compounds can be made as small as dipeptides, circumventing the need for large compounds with elaborate three-dimensional structures to generate simplified and potent antimicrobial mimics for a range of medical applications. This review highlight key and recent development in the field of small antimicrobial peptide mimics as a promising class of antimicrobials, illustrating just how small you can go.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Christina I. Schroeder
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
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23
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de Sousa NF, Scotti L, de Moura ÉP, dos Santos Maia M, Soares Rodrigues GC, de Medeiros HIR, Lopes SM, Scotti MT. Computer Aided Drug Design Methodologies with Natural Products in the Drug Research Against Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:857-885. [PMID: 34636299 PMCID: PMC9881095 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211005145952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are compounds isolated from plants that provide a variety of lead structures for the development of new drugs by the pharmaceutical industry. The interest in these substances increases because of their beneficial effects on human health. Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects occur in about 80% of individuals aged 65 years. AD, the most common cause of dementia in elderly people, is characterized by progressive neurodegenerative alterations, as decrease of cholinergic impulse, increased toxic effects caused by reactive oxygen species and the inflammatory process that the amyloid plaque participates. In silico studies is relevant in the process of drug discovery; through technological advances in the areas of structural characterization of molecules, computational science and molecular biology have contributed to the planning of new drugs used against neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the social impairment caused by an increased incidence of disease and that there is no chemotherapy treatment effective against AD; several compounds are studied. In the researches for effective neuroprotectants as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease, natural products have been extensively studied in various AD models. This study aims to carry out a literature review with articles that address the in silico studies of natural products aimed at potential drugs against Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the period from 2015 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Ferreira de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil;,Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil,Address correspondence to this author at the Health Sciences Center, Chemioinformatic Laboratory, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil; E-mail:
| | - Érika Paiva de Moura
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Mayara dos Santos Maia
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cristina Soares Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Herbert Igor Rodrigues de Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Simone Mendes Lopes
- Postgraduate Program of Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products (PgPNSB), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Lauro Wanderley University Hospital (HULW), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB, Brazil
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Bhukta S, Samal SK, Vasudevan S, Sarveswari HB, Shanmugam K, Princy SA, Dandela R. A Prospective Diversity of Antibacterial Small Peptidomimetic and Quorum Sensing Mediated Drug: A Review. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swadhapriya Bhukta
- Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Odisha Campus Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Bhubaneswar 751013 Odisha India
| | - Sangram Keshari Samal
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Center Bhubaneswar 751013 Odisha India
| | - Sahana Vasudevan
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID) School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Hema Bhagavathi Sarveswari
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID) School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Karthi Shanmugam
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID) School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - S. Adline Princy
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID) School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Rambabu Dandela
- Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Odisha Campus Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Bhubaneswar 751013 Odisha India
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25
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Luong HX, Ngan HD, Thi Phuong HB, Quoc TN, Tung TT. Multiple roles of ribosomal antimicrobial peptides in tackling global antimicrobial resistance. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211583. [PMID: 35116161 PMCID: PMC8790363 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the last century, conventional antibiotics have played a significant role in global healthcare. Antibiotics support the body in controlling bacterial infection and simultaneously increase the tendency of drug resistance. Consequently, there is a severe concern regarding the regression of the antibiotic era. Despite the use of antibiotics, host defence systems are vital in fighting infectious diseases. In fact, the expression of ribosomal antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has been crucial in the evolution of innate host defences and has been irreplaceable to date. Therefore, this valuable source is considered to have great potential in tackling the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis. Furthermore, the possibility of bacterial resistance to AMPs has been intensively investigated. Here, we summarize all aspects related to the multiple applications of ribosomal AMPs and their derivatives in combating AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Xuan Luong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
- PHENIKAA Institute for Advanced Study (PIAS), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Thang Nguyen Quoc
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Truong Thanh Tung
- Faculty of Pharmacy, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
- PHENIKAA Institute for Advanced Study (PIAS), PHENIKAA University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
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Enantioselectivity of Chiral Derivatives of Xanthones in Virulence Effects of Resistant Bacteria. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111141. [PMID: 34832923 PMCID: PMC8623869 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are one of the lines of defense produced by several hosts in response to bacterial infections. Inspired by them and recent discoveries of xanthones as bacterial efflux pump inhibitors, chiral amides with a xanthone scaffold were planned to be potential antimicrobial adjuvants. The chiral derivatives of xanthones were obtained by peptide coupling reactions between suitable xanthones with enantiomerically pure building blocks, yielding derivatives with high enantiomeric purity. Among 18 compounds investigated for their antimicrobial activity against reference strains of bacteria and fungi, antibacterial activity for the tested strains was not found. Selected compounds were also evaluated for their potential to inhibit bacterial efflux pumps. Compound (R,R)-8 inhibited efflux pumps in the Gram-positive model tested and three compounds, (S,S)-8, (R)-17 and (R,S)-18, displayed the same activity in the Gram-negative strain used. Studies were performed on the inhibition of biofilm formation and quorum-sensing, to which the enantiomeric pair 8 displayed activity for the latter. To gain a better understanding of how the active compounds bind to the efflux pumps, docking studies were performed. Hit compounds were proposed for each activity, and it was shown that enantioselectivity was noticeable and must be considered, as enantiomers displayed differences in activity.
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Novel α-Mangostin Derivatives from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel Extract with Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9985604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mangosteen peels contain biologically active compounds, with antioxidant and anticancer properties. Among these isolated phytochemicals, α-mangostin is one of the most powerful natural antioxidants and anticancer compounds. This study focused on synthesizing novel α-mangostin (α-MG) derivatives at positions of C-3 and C-6 from extracted α-MG of mangosteen peels and investigating antioxidant and anticancer activities. The structures of the synthesized compounds were determined by using MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HPLC. The analysis of the interaction between structure and bioactivity showed that phenol groups on C-3 and C-6 positions play a crucial role in antiproliferative activity to boost both anticancer efficacy and drug-like properties. The antioxidant activity of α-MG and its derivatives were investigated by the DPPH method. Among α-MG derivatives, 1-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-3,6-diyl bis(2-bromobenzoate) (compound 4) exhibited significant antioxidant property. The in vitro cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7, NCI–H460, and HepG2) was evaluated by the standard sulforhodamine B assay. The anticancer activities (HeLa, MCF-7, NCI–H460, and HepG2) of compound 4 are five to six times higher than those of α-MG and other derivatives. The acetylation at C-3 and C-6 of α-MG by halogen of benzoyl greatly improved cancer cell toxicity. Our results provide new opportunities for further explorations of α-MG derivatives for antioxidant property and promise as drugs in cancer therapy.
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Martinengo P, Arunachalam K, Shi C. Polyphenolic Antibacterials for Food Preservation: Review, Challenges, and Current Applications. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102469. [PMID: 34681518 PMCID: PMC8536111 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural alternatives replacing artificial additives have gained much attention in the consumer’s view because of the growing search for clean label products that are devoid of carcinogenic and toxic effects. Plant polyphenols are considered as suitable alternative natural preservatives with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. However, their uses in the food industry are undermined by a series of limitations such as low solubility and stability during food processing and storage, lack of standardization, and undesirable organoleptic properties. Different approaches in the use of polyphenols have been proposed in order to overcome the current hurdles related to food preservation. This review article specifically focuses on the antibacterial activity of plant-derived polyphenols as well as their applications as food preservatives, main challenges, and other trends in the food industry.
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Zhong R, Li H, Li H, Fang S, Liu J, Chen Y, Liu S, Lin S. Development of Amphiphilic Coumarin Derivatives as Membrane-Active Antimicrobial Agents with Potent In Vivo Efficacy against Gram-Positive Pathogenic Bacteria. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2864-2875. [PMID: 34505771 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Increases in drug-resistant pathogens are becoming a serious detriment to human health. To combat pathogen infections, a new series of amphiphilic coumarin derivatives were designed and synthesized as antimicrobial agents with membrane-targeting action. We herein report a lead compound, 25, that displayed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA. Compound 25 exhibited weak hemolytic activity and low toxicity to mammalian cells and can kill Gram-positive bacteria quickly (within 0.5 h) by directly disrupting the bacterial cell membranes. Additionally, compound 25 demonstrated excellent efficacy in a murine corneal infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. These results suggest that 25 has great potential to be a potent antimicrobial agent for treating drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongcui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Haizhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Shanfang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Jiayong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Shuimu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
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Elsaman T, Mohamed MS, Eltayib EM, Abdalla AE, Mohamed MA. Xanthone: A Promising Antimycobacterial Scaffold. Med Chem 2021; 17:310-331. [PMID: 32560609 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666200619114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality and still remains one of the top-ten leading causes of human death in the world. The development of new anti-TB drugs is mandatory due to the existence of latent infection as well as the expansion of the resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) strains. Xanthones encompass a wide range of structurally diverse bioactive compounds, obtained either naturally or through chemical synthesis. There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the antitubercular activity of xanthone derivatives. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to highlight the main natural sources along with the critical design elements, structure-activity relationships (SARs), modes of action and pharmacokinetic profiles of xanthone-based anti-TB compounds. METHODS In the present review, the anti-TB activity of xanthones reported in the literature from 1972 to date is presented and discussed. RESULTS Exploration of xanthone scaffold led to the identification of several members of this class having superior activity against both sensitive and resistant MBT strains with distinctive mycobacterial membrane disrupting properties. However, studies regarding their modes of action, pharmacokinetic properties and safety are limited. CONCLUSION Comprehendible data and information are afforded by this review and it would certainly provide scientists with new thoughts and means which will be conducive to design and develop new drugs with excellent anti-TB activity through exploration of xanthone scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilal Elsaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik Suliman Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eyman Mohamed Eltayib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi Awadalla Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Unlocking the bacterial membrane as a therapeutic target for next-generation antimicrobial amphiphiles. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 81:100999. [PMID: 34325929 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gram-positive bacteria like Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negative bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter Spp. are responsible for most of fatal bacterial infections. Bacteria present a handful of targets like ribosome, RNA polymerase, cell wall biosynthesis, and dihydrofolate reductase. Antibiotics targeting the protein synthesis like aminoglycosides and tetracyclines, inhibitors of RNA/DNA synthesis like fluoroquinolones, inhibitors of cell wall biosynthesis like glycopeptides and β-lactams, and membrane-targeting polymyxins and lipopeptides have shown very good success in combating the bacterial infections. Ability of the bacteria to develop drug resistance is a serious public health challenge as bacteria can develop antimicrobial resistance against newly introduced antibiotics that enhances the challenge for antibiotic drug discovery. Therefore, bacterial membranes present a suitable therapeutic target for development of antimicrobials as bacteria can find it difficult to develop resistance against membrane-targeting antimicrobials. In this review, we present the recent advances in engineering of membrane-targeting antimicrobial amphiphiles that can be effective alternatives to existing antibiotics in combating bacterial infections.
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Liu J, Li H, Li H, Fang S, Shi J, Chen Y, Zhong R, Liu S, Lin S. Rational Design of Dipicolylamine-Containing Carbazole Amphiphiles Combined with Zn 2+ as Potent Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Agents with a Membrane-Disruptive Mechanism. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10429-10444. [PMID: 34235929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become one of the most urgently important problems facing healthcare providers. A novel series of dipicolylamine-containing carbazole amphiphiles with strong Zn2+ chelating ability were synthesized, biomimicking cationic antimicrobial peptides. Effective broad-spectrum 16 combined with 12.5 μg/mL Zn2+ was identified as the most promising antimicrobial candidate. 16 combined with 12.5 μg/mL Zn2+ exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 0.78-3.125 μg/mL), weak hemolytic activity, and low cytotoxicity. Time-kill kinetics and mechanism studies revealed 16 combined with 12.5 μg/mL Zn2+ had rapid bacterial killing properties, as evidenced by disruption of the integrity of bacterial cell membranes, effectively preventing bacterial resistance development. Importantly, 16 combined with 12.5 μg/mL Zn2+ showed excellent in vivo efficacy in a murine keratitis model caused by Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213 or Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC9027. Therefore, 16 combined with 12.5 μg/mL Zn2+ could be a promising candidate for treating bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Haizhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shanfang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jinguo Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Rongcui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shuimu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
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Li H, Liu J, Liu CF, Li H, Luo J, Fang S, Chen Y, Zhong R, Liu S, Lin S. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Membrane-Active Bakuchiol Derivatives as Effective Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Agents. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5603-5619. [PMID: 33909443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria seriously endanger human health and global public health. Therefore, it is urgent to discover and develop novel antimicrobial agents to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of new membrane-active bakuchiol derivatives by biomimicking the structure and function of cationic antibacterial peptides. The most promising compound 28 displayed potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive bacteria (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 1.56-3.125 μg/mL) and Gram-negative bacteria (MIC = 3.125 μg/mL), very weak hemolytic activity, and low cytotoxicity. Compound 28 had rapid bactericidal properties and avoided bacterial resistance. More importantly, compound 28 showed strong in vivo antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in murine corneal infection models. This design strategy is expected to provide an effective solution to the antibiotic crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jiayong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Fa Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Haizhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jiachun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shanfang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Rongcui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shuimu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
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Tummanapalli SS, Willcox MD. Antimicrobial resistance of ocular microbes and the role of antimicrobial peptides. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 104:295-307. [PMID: 32924208 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation of antimicrobial-resistant microbes from ocular infections may be becoming more frequent. Infections caused by these microbes can be difficult to treat and lead to poor outcomes. However, new therapies are being developed which may help improve clinical outcomes. This review examines recent reports on the isolation of antibiotic-resistant microbes from ocular infections. In addition, an overview of the development of some new antibiotic therapies is given. The recent literature regarding antibiotic use and resistance, isolation of antibiotic-resistant microbes from ocular infections and the development of potential new antibiotics that can be used to treat these infections was reviewed. Ocular microbial infections are a global public health issue as they can result in vision loss which compromises quality of life. Approximately 70 per cent of ocular infections are caused by bacteria including Chlamydia trachomatis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungi such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. Resistance to first-line antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones and azoles has increased, with resistance of S. aureus isolates from the USA to fluoroquinolones reaching 32 per cent of isolates and 35 per cent being methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Lower levels of MRSA (seven per cent) were isolated by an Australian study. Antimicrobial peptides, which are broad-spectrum alternatives to antibiotics, have been tested as possible new drugs. Several have shown promise in animal models of keratitis, especially treating P. aeruginosa, S. aureus or C. albicans infections. Reports of increasing resistance of ocular isolates to mainstay antibiotics are a concern, and there is evidence that for ocular surface disease this resistance translates into worse clinical outcomes. New antibiotics are being developed, but not by large pharmaceutical companies and mostly in university research laboratories and smaller biotech companies. Antimicrobial peptides show promise in treating keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Dp Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Lin S, Wade JD, Liu S. De Novo Design of Flavonoid-Based Mimetics of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides: Discovery, Development, and Applications. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:104-119. [PMID: 33346639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The alarming rate at which pathogens are developing resistance to conventional antibiotics represents one of the major global challenges to public health care. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms is a major impetus for the discovery and development of new antimicrobials. Nature has, to date, been the source of most of the antibiotics discovered and used, including cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs). CAMPs are key components of the innate immune system that are widely found in humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms and that serve as a first line of defense for the host. The attractive features of CAMPs have led to their recognition as potential new antimicrobials. However, they possess several inherent flaws that limit their clinical application including low stability, poor oral bioavailability, poor in vivo efficacy, and a high production cost. To address these issues, small molecule-based peptidomimetic antimicrobials have been designed to biomimic the structural features and biological function of CAMPs. Plant-derived flavonoids (e.g., xanthones and flavones) are active components in traditional herbal medicines and have been reported to contain a variety of significant pharmacological actions including antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Over the past decade, we have developed a new chemical strategy to design, discover, and develop xanthone- or flavone-based peptidomimetics and have designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated a library of approximately 450 new xanthone or flavone derivatives. The designed, structurally diverse compounds can be generally classified into two subfamilies, namely, peptidic and nonpeptidic amphiphilic xanthone or flavone derivatives. In this Account, we describe our efforts on the design, synthesis, biological property evaluation, and mechanism of action model studies of synthetic mimics of CAMPs. The flavonoid compounds are an important component of these rationally designed mimics because they function as hydrophobic aromatic moieties conjugated with different length lipid moieties, behave like an unnatural hydrophobic residue, and provide a rigid scaffold, with the reduced conformational flexibility more likely to provide an active conformation. The mimics can effectively disrupt the integrity of the bacterial membranes. Our endeavors encompass design principles, chemical synthesis, in vitro screening, structural optimization, extensive structural-activity relationship analysis, and a mechanism of action study through biophysical technologies including NMR spectroscopy techniques and computer dynamics simulations, drug resistance assays, in vivo pharmaceutical kinetics (PK) analyses, and in vivo efficacy evaluations of selected promising compounds against drug-resistant bacteria and fungi. Our major contributions to the discovery and development of flavonoid-based mimics as antimicrobials include effectively addressing several limitations associated with CAMPs and have led to promising compounds with a notable potential for further development as new therapeutic antimicrobial agents for the treatment of drug-resistant bacteria- or fungi-induced infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuimu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - John D. Wade
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shouping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
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36
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Wu H, Liu S, Wang Y, Yuan M, Zhang H, Zhou H, Xiao L, Zheng C, Xu H. An efficient approach for the synthesis of 1,2-dihydroxanthones enabled by one-pot Claisen condensation/cyclization reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4126-4131. [PMID: 33870388 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00470k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A mild, efficient method for the synthesis of 1,2-dihydroxanthones by a one-pot reaction was developed under waste-induced relay catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaimo Wu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Song Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Youyi Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Institute of Arthritis Research
- Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
- Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital
- Shanghai 200052
- China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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37
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Morini M, Pedroni V, Alarcón L, Verde A, Mendioroz P, Appignanesi G, Sierra M. Interaction of hydroxy-xanthones with phosphatidylcholines: The effector decreases compressibility and increases the fluidity of membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 231:104938. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Lin S, Liu J, Li H, Liu Y, Chen Y, Luo J, Liu S. Development of Highly Potent Carbazole Amphiphiles as Membrane-Targeting Antimicrobials for Treating Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9284-9299. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuimu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Jiayong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Jiachun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
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Lin S, Chen Y, Li H, Liu J, Liu S. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of amphiphilic sofalcone derivatives as potent Gram-positive antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112596. [PMID: 32659547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
New antimicrobial agents are urgently needed to overcome drug-resistant bacterial infections. Here we describe the design, synthesis and evaluation of a new class of amphiphilic sofalcone compounds as antimicrobial peptidomimetics. The most promising compound 14, bearing two arginine residues, showed poor hemolytic activity, low cytotoxicity, and excellent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA. Compound 14, had good stability in various salt conditions, killed bacteria rapidly by directly disrupting bacterial cell membranes and was slow at developing bacterial resistance. Additionally, compound 14 exhibited effective in vivo efficacy in the murine model of bacterial keratitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213. Our studies suggested that compound 14 possessed promising potential to be used as a novel antimicrobial agent to combat drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuimu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China.
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Jiayong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China.
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40
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Lin S, Li H, Tao Y, Liu J, Yuan W, Chen Y, Liu Y, Liu S. In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of Membrane-Active Flavone Amphiphiles: Semisynthetic Kaempferol-Derived Antimicrobials against Drug-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5797-5815. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuimu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Tao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Jiayong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Wenchang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
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Mayandi V, Wen Choong AC, Dhand C, Lim FP, Aung TT, Sriram H, Dwivedi N, Periayah MH, Sridhar S, Fazil MHUT, Goh ETL, Orive G, W Beuerman R, Barkham TMS, Loh XJ, Liang ZX, Barathi VA, Ramakrishna S, Chong SJ, Verma NK, Lakshminarayanan R. Multifunctional Antimicrobial Nanofiber Dressings Containing ε-Polylysine for the Eradication of Bacterial Bioburden and Promotion of Wound Healing in Critically Colonized Wounds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:15989-16005. [PMID: 32172559 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial colonization of acute and chronic wounds is often associated with delayed wound healing and prolonged hospitalization. The rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria and the poor biocompatibility of topical antimicrobials warrant safe and effective antimicrobials. Antimicrobial agents that target microbial membranes without interfering with the mammalian cell proliferation and migration hold great promise in the treatment of traumatic wounds. This article reports the utility of superhydrophilic electrospun gelatin nanofiber dressings (NFDs) containing a broad-spectrum antimicrobial polymer, ε-polylysine (εPL), crosslinked by polydopamine (pDA) for treating second-degree burns. In a porcine model of partial thickness burns, NFDs promoted wound closure and reduced hypertrophic scarring compared to untreated burns. Analysis of NFDs in contact with the burns indicated that the dressings trap early colonizers and elicit bactericidal activity, thus creating a sterile wound bed for fibroblasts migration and re-epithelialization. In support of these observations, in porcine models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus colonized partial thickness burns, NFDs decreased bacterial bioburden and promoted wound closure and re-epithelialization. NFDs displayed superior clinical outcome than standard-of-care silver dressings. The excellent biocompatibility and antimicrobial efficacy of the newly developed dressings in pre-clinical models demonstrate its potential for clinical use to manage infected wounds without compromising tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Mayandi
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551 Singapore
| | - Alvin Chua Wen Choong
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Road, 169856 Singapore
- Skin Bank Unit, Singapore General Hospital, 169608 Singapore
| | - Chetna Dhand
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore
| | - Fui Ping Lim
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, 117597 Singapore
| | - Thet Tun Aung
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Harini Sriram
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
| | - Neeraj Dwivedi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117583 Singapore
| | - Mercy Halleluyah Periayah
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
| | - Sreepathy Sridhar
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
| | - Mobashar Hussain Urf Turabe Fazil
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232 Singapore
| | - Eunice Tze Leng Goh
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria 01006, Spain
| | - Roger W Beuerman
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore
| | | | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634 Singapore
| | - Zhao-Xun Liang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551 Singapore
| | - Veluchamy Amutha Barathi
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Si Jack Chong
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Road, 169856 Singapore
- Skin Bank Unit, Singapore General Hospital, 169608 Singapore
| | - Navin Kumar Verma
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232 Singapore
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232 Singapore
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, 169856 Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive, 117543 Singapore
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Lu K, Hou W, Xu XF, Chen Q, Li Z, Lin J, Chen WM. Biological evaluation and chemoproteomics reveal potential antibacterial targets of a cajaninstilbene-acid analogue. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 188:112026. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Klein-Júnior LC, Campos A, Niero R, Corrêa R, Vander Heyden Y, Filho VC. Xanthones and Cancer: from Natural Sources to Mechanisms of Action. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900499. [PMID: 31794156 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Xanthones are a class of heterocyclic natural products that have been widely studied for their pharmacological potential. In fact, they have been serving as scaffolds for the design of derivatives focusing on drug development. One of the main study targets of xanthones is their anticancer activity. Several compounds belonging to this class have already demonstrated cytotoxic and antitumor effects, making it a promising group for further exploration. This review therefore focuses on recently published studies, emphasizing their natural and synthetic sources and describing the main mechanisms of action responsible for the anticancer effect of promising xanthones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Klein-Júnior
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Adriana Campos
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Rivaldo Niero
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Rogério Corrêa
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel - VUB, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88302-901, Itajaí, Brazil
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Wei X, Sun H, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Li J, Zhang X. An on-demand nanoplatform for enhanced elimination of drug-resistant bacteria. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:6912-6919. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00786b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We establish an “on-demand” nanoplatform based on acid-degradable scaffolds by conjugating glycomimetic-based galactose ligands to target a key lectin on P. aeruginosa and guanidine moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Haonan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Yayun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Zhuang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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45
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Zhang N, Ma S. Recent development of membrane-active molecules as antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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46
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Wu SC, Yang ZQ, Liu F, Peng WJ, Qu SQ, Li Q, Song XB, Zhu K, Shen JZ. Antibacterial Effect and Mode of Action of Flavonoids From Licorice Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2489. [PMID: 31749783 PMCID: PMC6848462 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterial pathogen that causes food poisoning, various infections, and sepsis. Effective strategies and new drugs are needed to control S. aureus associated infections due to the emergence and rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance. In the present study, the antibacterial activity, potential mode of action, and applications of flavonoids from licorice were investigated. Here, we showed that glabrol, licochalcone A, licochalcone C, and licochalcone E displayed high efficiency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Glabrol, licochalcone A, licochalcone C, and licochalcone E exhibited low cytotoxicity without hemolytic activity based on safety evaluation. Glabrol displayed rapid bactericidal activity with low levels of resistance development in vitro. Meanwhile, glabrol rapidly increased bacterial membrane permeability and dissipated the proton move force. Furthermore, we found that peptidoglycan, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin inhibited the antibacterial activity of glabrol. Molecular docking showed that glabrol binds to phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin through the formation of hydrogen bonds. Lastly, glabrol showed antibacterial activity against MRSA in both in vivo and in vitro models. Altogether, these results suggest that glabrol is a promising lead compound for the design of membrane-active antibacterial agents against MRSA and can be used as a disinfectant candidate as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Cheng Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong, China.,College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jing Peng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Qi Qu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Bin Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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47
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Wu SC, Han F, Song MR, Chen S, Li Q, Zhang Q, Zhu K, Shen JZ. Natural Flavones from Morus alba against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus via Targeting the Proton Motive Force and Membrane Permeability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10222-10234. [PMID: 31385700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) critically requires alternative therapeutic options. New antibacterial drugs and strategies are urgently needed to combat MRSA-associated infections. Here, we investigated the antibacterial activity of flavones from Morus alba and the potential mode of action against MRSA. Kuwanon G, kuwanon H, mulberrin, and morusin displayed high efficiency in killing diverse MRSA isolates. On the basis of structure-activity analysis, the cyclohexene-phenyl ketones and isopentenyl groups were critical to increase the membrane permeability and to dissipate the proton motive force. Meanwhile, mechanistic studies further showed that kuwanon G displayed rapid bactericidal activity in vitrowith difficulty in developing drug resistance. Kuwanon G targeted phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in the cytoplasmic membrane through the formation of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. Additionally, kuwanon G promoted wound healing in a mouse model of MRSA skin infection. In summary, these results indicate that flavones are promising lead compounds to treat MRSA-associated infections through disrupting the proton motive force and membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Cheng Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Qingdao Agricultural University , No. 700 Changcheng Road , Qingdao 266109 , Shandong , China
- College of Agriculture and Forestry , Linyi University , No. 1 Gongye Road , Linyi 276000 , Shandong , China
| | - Fei Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Mei-Rong Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Shang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Qian Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Kui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Jian-Zhong Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , China
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48
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Gatadi S, Gour J, Nanduri S. Natural product derived promising anti-MRSA drug leads: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3760-3774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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49
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Mayandi V, Sridhar S, Fazil MHUT, Goh ETL, Htoon HM, Orive G, Choong YK, Saravanan R, Beuerman RW, Barkham TMS, Yang L, Baskaran M, Jhanji V, Loh XJ, Verma NK, Lakshminarayanan R. Protective Action of Linear Polyethylenimine against Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Exaggerated Inflammation in Vitro and in Vivo. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1411-1422. [PMID: 31099239 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Increased evolution of multidrug resistant pathogens necessitates the development of multifunctional antimicrobials. There is a perceived need for developing new antimicrobials that can interfere with acute inflammation after bacterial infections. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of linear polyethylenimine (LPEI) in vitro and in vivo. The minimum inhibitory concentration of LPEI ranged from 8 to 32 μg/mL and elicited rapid bactericidal activity against clinical isolates of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The polymer was biocompatible for human cultured ocular and dermal cells. Prophylactic addition of LPEI inhibited the bacterial colonization of human primary dermal fibroblasts (hDFs). In a scratch wound cell migration assay, LPEI attenuated the migration inhibitory effects of bacterial secretions. The polymer neutralized the cytokine release by hDFs exposed to bacterial secretions, possibly by blocking their accessibility to host cell receptors. Topical instillation of LPEI (1 mg/mL) was noncytotoxic and did not affect the re-epithelialization of injured porcine cornea. In a prophylactic in vivo model of S. aureus keratitis, LPEI was superior to gatifloxacin in terms of reducing stimulation of cytokines, corneal edema, and overall severity of the infection. These observations demonstrate therapeutic potential of LPEI for antimicrobial prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Mayandi
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Sreepathy Sridhar
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Mobashar Hussain Urf Turabe Fazil
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Experimental Medicine Building, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Eunice Tze Leng Goh
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Hla Myint Htoon
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Yeu Khai Choong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Experimental Medicine Building, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Rathi Saravanan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Experimental Medicine Building, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Roger W. Beuerman
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | | | - Liang Yang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Mani Baskaran
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- UPMC Eye Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Navin Kumar Verma
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Experimental Medicine Building, Singapore 636921, Singapore
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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50
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Yamamura H, Isshiki K, Fujita Y, Kato H, Katsu T, Masuda K, Osawa K, Miyagawa A. Gramicidin S-inspired antimicrobial cyclodextrin to disrupt gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial membranes. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1432-1437. [PMID: 31803397 PMCID: PMC6836745 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00229d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A membrane-active antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S-like amphiphilic structure was prepared from cyclodextrin. The mimic was a cyclic oligomer composed of 6-amino-modified glucose 2,3-di-O-propanoates and it exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, together with no resistance development and low haemolytic activity against red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatsuo Yamamura
- Materials Science and Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku , Nagoya 466-8555 , Japan .
| | - Kana Isshiki
- Materials Science and Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku , Nagoya 466-8555 , Japan .
| | - Yusuke Fujita
- Materials Science and Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku , Nagoya 466-8555 , Japan .
| | - Hisato Kato
- School of Pharmacy , Shujitsu University , 1-6-1 Nishigawara, Naka-ku, Okayama-shi , Okayama 703-8516 , Japan
| | - Takashi Katsu
- School of Pharmacy , Shujitsu University , 1-6-1 Nishigawara, Naka-ku, Okayama-shi , Okayama 703-8516 , Japan
| | - Kazufumi Masuda
- Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy , Shujitsu University , 1-6-1 Nishigawara, Naka-ku, Okayama-shi , Okayama 703-8516 , Japan
| | - Kayo Osawa
- Department of Biophysics , Kobe University , Graduate School of Health Sciences , 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku , Kobe 654-0142 , Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyagawa
- Materials Science and Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku , Nagoya 466-8555 , Japan .
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