4′′-Benzoylureido-TSAO Derivatives as Potent and Selective Non-Nucleoside HCMV Inhibitors. Structure−Activity Relationship and Mechanism of Antiviral Action

Synthesis of Sultones from Chlorosulfates by a Complex Cascade Reaction Occurring under Mild Thermal Conditions

Chlorosulfate derivatives are interesting reagents that have been traditionally used to get other sulfur-containing compounds by formal nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine atom. This work describes a different mode of reactivity of alkyne-containing chlorosulfates to get sultones, the sulfur analogues of lactones. The complex skeletal rearrangement observed in this transformation is comparable to those intricate processes promoted or catalyzed by organometallic compounds. However, the reaction here described does not require any reagent or additive, being just a thermal process. Computational calculations support a mechanism based on a series of cascade reactions where almost every step is counterintuitive. Some of these steps include original processes related to classical reactions, thus adding complementary views to traditional organic chemistry.

A portal to a class of novel sultone-functionalized pyridines via an annulative SuFEx process employing earth abundant nickel catalysts

An efficient Ni²⁺ promoted process for the synthesis of a class of structurally unique heterocycles containing both pyridines and sultones was developed through a SuFEx annulation. This protocol serves as an irreplaceable asset for medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.

Palladium-catalyzed direct C–H arylation of 3-aryl-2H-benzo[1,2,4]thiadiazine 1,1-dioxides: an efficient strategy to the synthesis of benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxide derivatives

An efficient strategy to the synthesis of 3-aryl-2H-benzo[1,2,4]thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives via palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxides with various aryl iodides is described.

New synthesis method for sultone derivatives: synthesis, crystal structure and biological evaluation of S-CA

There has been no remarkable progress in the synthesis of sultones in recent years. To facilitate more detailed studies of this functional group, we found a new method to synthesize the sulfonic acid lactone derivatives and finish its ring-closing reaction. A new sultone derivative, (E)-ethyl 4-oxo-6-styryl-3,4-dihydro-1,2-oxathiine-5-carboxylate 2,2-dioxide (S-CA), was synthesized and structurally identified by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, HMQC and X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The new rapid synthesis extended the method of ring-closing reaction of sulfonic acid lactone derivatives. The angiogenesis activities of S-CA were evaluated by the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. It could selectively suppress small angiogenesis in CAM, without influencing either middle and large angiogenesis. In addition, anticancer efficacy of S-CA was evaluated in vivo using a murine sarcoma S180 model. Reduction of the tumor weight and tumor HE staining regions demonstrated that S-CA (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) had potent inhibition effects and a 44.71% inhibitory rate in S180 mice. Moreover, an acute toxicity test showed that the LD₅₀ value of S-CA via intraperitoneal injection was 25.624 mg/kg.

Copper-catalyzed domino synthesis of nitrogen heterocycle-fused benzoimidazole and 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives

A convenient copper-catalyzed domino method for the synthesis of nitrogen heterocycle-fused benzoimidazole and 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides has been developed using readily available 2-bromo-N-phenylbenzenesulfonamides and benzimidazole derivatives as the starting materials. The domino process comprises an Ullmann-type N-arylation and intramolecular C-H amination. The inexpensive and efficient copper-catalyzed method should provide a new and useful strategy for for constructing novel, biologically interesting heterocycles containing benzoimidazole and 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide motifs.

Recent developments in antiviral drugs for cytomegalovirus

Human cytomegalovirus continues to impact adversely on the outcome of solid organ and stem cell transplantation and remains a major cause of congenital abnormalities. In the absence of a vaccine, antiviral drugs have been the mainstay of therapy. Although very few anticytomegalovirus drugs are currently licensed, there are multiple opportunities within the viral life cycle for drug development. In this article we summarize some of the key new antiviral agents undergoing preclinical and clinical development against a range of targets in the viral life cycle, highlighting those where further development is warranted or being undertaken.

Synthesis and SAR studies on azetidine-containing dipeptides as HCMV inhibitors

SAR studies on an azetidine-containing dipeptide prototype inhibitor of HCMV are described. Three series of structurally modified analogues, involving substitutions at the N- and C-terminus, and at the C-terminal side-chain were synthesized and evaluated for antiviral activity. Aliphatic or no substituents at the C-carboxamide group, an aliphatic C-terminal side-chain, as well as a benzyloxycarbonyl moiety at the N-terminus were absolute requirements for anti-HCMV activity. The conformational restriction induced by the 2-azetidine residue into the dipeptide derivatives, identified by ¹H NMR as a γ-type reverse turn, seems to have influence on the activity of these molecules.