1
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Zeng H, Zhang S, Nie H, Li J, Yang J, Zhuang Y, Huang Y, Zeng M. Identification of FTY720 and COH29 as novel topoisomerase I catalytic inhibitors by experimental and computational studies. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107412. [PMID: 38696845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of novel topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitors is crucial for overcoming the drawbacks and limitations of current TOP1 poisons. Here, we identified two potential TOP1 inhibitors, namely, FTY720 (a sphingosine 1-phosphate antagonist) and COH29 (a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor), through experimental screening of known active compounds. Biological experiments verified that FTY720 and COH29 were nonintercalative TOP1 catalytic inhibitors that did not induce the formation of DNA-TOP1 covalent complexes. Molecular docking revealed that FTY720 and COH29 interacted favorably with TOP1. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that FTY720 and COH29 could affect the catalytic domain of TOP1, thus resulting in altered DNA-binding cavity size. The alanine scanning and interaction entropy identified Arg536 as a hotspot residue. In addition, the bioinformatics analysis predicted that FTY720 and COH29 could be effective in treating malignant breast tumors. Biological experiments verified their antitumor activities using MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Their combinatory effects with TOP1 poisons were also investigated. Further, FTY720 and COH29 were found to cause less DNA damage compared with TOP1 poisons. The findings provide reliable lead compounds for the development of novel TOP1 catalytic inhibitors and offer new insights into the potential clinical applications of FTY720 and COH29 in targeting TOP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Zeng
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514031, China.
| | - Shengyuan Zhang
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514031, China
| | - Hua Nie
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514031, China
| | - Junhao Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jiunlong Yang
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514031, China
| | - Yuanbei Zhuang
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514031, China
| | - Yingjie Huang
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514031, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514031, China
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2
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Ramiro JL, Martínez-Caballero S, Neo AG, Díaz J, Marcos CF. The Castagnoli–Cushman Reaction. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062654. [PMID: 36985626 PMCID: PMC10058692 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first reports of the reaction of imines and cyclic anhydrides by Castagnoli and Cushman, this procedure has been applied to the synthesis of a variety of lactams, some of them with important synthetic or biological interest. The scope of the reaction has been extended to the use of various Schiff bases and anhydrides as well as to different types of precursors for these reagents. In recent years, important advances have been made in understanding the mechanism of the reaction, which has historically been quite controversial. This has helped to develop reaction conditions that lead to pure diastereomers and even homochiral products. In addition, these mechanistic studies have also led to the development of new multicomponent versions of the Castagnoli–Cushman reaction that allow products with more diverse and complex molecular structures to be easily obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Ramiro
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Sonia Martínez-Caballero
- Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y las Matemáticas, Facultad de Formación de Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ana G. Neo
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.N.); (C.F.M.)
| | - Jesús Díaz
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carlos F. Marcos
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.N.); (C.F.M.)
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3
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Topoisomerase I inhibitors: Challenges, progress and the road ahead. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 236:114304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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4
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Cushman M. Design and Synthesis of Indenoisoquinolines Targeting Topoisomerase I and Other Biological Macromolecules for Cancer Chemotherapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17572-17600. [PMID: 34879200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that certain indenoisoquinolines inhibit the religation reaction of DNA in the topoisomerase I-DNA-indenoisoquinoline ternary complex led to a structure-based drug design research program which resulted in three representatives that entered Phase I clinical trials in cancer patients at the National Cancer Institute. This has stimulated a great deal of interest in the design and execution of new synthetic pathways for indenoisoquinoline production. More recently, modulation of the substitution pattern and chemical nature of substituents on the indenoisoquinoline scaffold has resulted in a widening scope of additional biological targets, including RXR, PARP-1, MYC promoter G-quadruplex, topoisomerase II, estrogen receptor, VEGFR-2, HIF-1α, and tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterases 1 and 2. Furthermore, convincing evidence has been advanced supporting the potential use of indenoisoquinolines for the treatment of diseases other than cancer. The rapidly expanding indenoisoquinoline knowledge base has provided a firm foundation for further advancements in indenoisoquinoline chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Cushman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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5
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Howard SY, Di Maso MJ, Shimabukuro K, Burlow NP, Tan DQ, Fettinger JC, Malig TC, Hein JE, Shaw JT. Mechanistic Investigation of Castagnoli-Cushman Multicomponent Reactions Leading to a Three-Component Synthesis of Dihydroisoquinolones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11599-11607. [PMID: 34351161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms for the three- and four-component variants of the Castagnoli-Cushman reaction (CCR) have been investigated. A series of crossover experiments were conducted to probe the structure and reactivity of known amide-acid intermediates for the three- and four-component variants of the CCR (3CR and 4CR, respectively). Control experiments paired with in situ reaction monitoring with infrared spectroscopy for the 4CR align with a mechanism in which amide-acids derived from maleic anhydride can reversibly form free amine and cyclic anhydride. Although this equilibrium is unfavorable, the aldehyde present can trap the primary amine through imine formation and react with the enol form of the anhydride through a Mannich-like mechanism. This detailed mechanistic investigation coupled with additional crossover experiments supports an analogous mechanism for the 3CR and has led to the elucidation of new 3CR conditions with homophthalic anhydride, amines, and aldehydes for the formation of dihydroisoquinolones in good yields and excellent diastereoselectivity. This work represents the culmination of more than a decade of mechanistic speculation for the 3- and 4CR, enabling the design of new multicomponent reactions that exploit this novel mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Y Howard
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Michael J Di Maso
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kristin Shimabukuro
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Noah P Burlow
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Darlene Q Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James C Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Thomas C Malig
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Jason E Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Jared T Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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6
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Ahmed EM, Khalil NA, Zaher AF, Alhamaky SM, El-Zoghbi MS. Synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation of new benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-b]pyran derivatives as topoisomerase I-DNA binary complex poisons. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104915. [PMID: 33905973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of new benzo[b]thiophenes 2a-f and benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-b]pyran derivatives 3a-f and 4a-f were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by elemental analyses and spectral data. All synthesized compounds were evaluated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI, USA) against 60 human tumor cell lines. Compounds 3a-f and 4a-f showed potent cytotoxic effects in one dose assay with mean growth inhibition ranging from 62% to 80%. Six compounds 3a, 3d, 3e, 3f, 4d and 4e were selected by NCI, USA for five dose evaluation against 60 human tumor cell lines. Compounds 3a, 3d, 3e and 3f exhibited very potent and broad spectrum cytotoxicity against almost all cancer cell lines with mean concentration that yield 50% growth inhibition (MG-MID GI50) of 0.1-0.58 µM and mean concentration that produce 100% growth inhibition (MG-MID TGI) of 6.03-10.00 µM. Compounds 4d and 4e exhibited very potent and selective cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-435 subpanel (melanoma cancer) with GI50 of 0.45 µM and 0.59 µM, respectively. The mechanism of antiproliferative activity was determined for the most active compounds 3a, 3d, 3e, 3f, 4d, and 4evia measuring their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against topoisomerase I enzyme at different concentrations. Compounds 3a and 3e exhibited excellent activity compared with reference drugs with IC50 of 0.295 µM and 0.219 µM, respectively. Plasmid DNA nicking assay verified that these compounds are topoisomerase I poisons not suppressors. The active compound 3e induced a significant disruption in the cell cycle profile parallel to its effect on apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nadia A Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Ashraf F Zaher
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Alhamaky
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin El kom, Gamal Abd El-Nasir Street, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mona S El-Zoghbi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin El kom, Gamal Abd El-Nasir Street, Menoufia, Egypt.
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7
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Development of a metabolically stable topoisomerase I poison as anticancer agent. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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8
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Wang Q, Tuinhof J, Mgimpatsang KC, Kurpiewska K, Kalinowska-Tluscik J, Dömling A. Copper-Catalyzed Modular Assembly of Polyheterocycles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9915-9927. [PMID: 32615764 PMCID: PMC7418108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Easy operation, readily
accessible starting materials, and short
syntheses of the privileged scaffold indeno[1,2-c]isoquinolinone were achieved by an multicomponent reaction (MCR)-based
protocol via an ammonia–Ugi-four component reaction (4CR)/copper-catalyzed
annulation sequence. The optimization and scope and limitations of
this short and general sequence are described. The methodology allows
an efficient construction of a wide variety of indenoisoquinolinones
in just two steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesse Tuinhof
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kumchok C Mgimpatsang
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Kurpiewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 3 Ingardena Street, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Alexander Dömling
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Oliveira CG, Romero-Canelón I, Silva MM, Coverdale JPC, Maia PIS, Batista AA, Castelli S, Desideri A, Sadler PJ, Deflon VM. Palladium(ii) complexes with thiosemicarbazones derived from pyrene as topoisomerase IB inhibitors. Dalton Trans 2020; 48:16509-16517. [PMID: 31670343 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02570g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
New palladium complexes with thiosemicarbazonate ligands derived from pyrene exhibit potent antiproliferative activity against A2780 and cisplatin-resistant A2780Cis human ovarian cancer cells, which is dependent on substituent groups of the thiosemicarbazone ligands. Cellular accumulation and distribution studies confirmed that palladium enters the cell nucleus. DNA and topoisomerase IB studies show that one complex is a potent TopIB inhibitor, with selectivity for cancer versus normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina G Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil.
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10
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of imidazole and oxazole fragments as HIV-1 integrase-LEDGF/p75 disruptors and inhibitors of microbial pathogens. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Reguera RM, Elmahallawy EK, García-Estrada C, Carbajo-Andrés R, Balaña-Fouce R. DNA Topoisomerases of Leishmania Parasites; Druggable Targets for Drug Discovery. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5900-5923. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180518074959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases (Top) are a group of isomerase enzymes responsible for controlling the topological problems caused by DNA double helix in the cell during the processes of replication, transcription and recombination. Interestingly, these enzymes have been known since long to be key molecular machines in several cellular processes through overwinding or underwinding of DNA in all living organisms. Leishmania, a trypanosomatid parasite responsible for causing fatal diseases mostly in impoverished populations of low-income countries, has a set of six classes of Top enzymes. These are placed in the nucleus and the single mitochondrion and can be deadly targets of suitable drugs. Given the fact that there are clear differences in structure and expression between parasite and host enzymes, numerous studies have reported the therapeutic potential of Top inhibitors as antileishmanial drugs. In this regard, numerous compounds have been described as Top type IB and Top type II inhibitors in Leishmania parasites, such as camptothecin derivatives, indenoisoquinolines, indeno-1,5- naphthyridines, fluoroquinolones, anthracyclines and podophyllotoxins. The aim of this review is to highlight several facts about Top and Top inhibitors as potential antileishmanial drugs, which may represent a promising strategy for the control of this disease of public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Reguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leon (ULE), Leon, Spain
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12
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Wang KB, Elsayed MSA, Wu G, Deng N, Cushman M, Yang D. Indenoisoquinoline Topoisomerase Inhibitors Strongly Bind and Stabilize the MYC Promoter G-Quadruplex and Downregulate MYC. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11059-11070. [PMID: 31283877 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MYC is one of the most important oncogenes and is overexpressed in the majority of cancers. G-Quadruplexes are noncanonical four-stranded DNA secondary structures that have emerged as attractive cancer-specific molecular targets for drug development. The G-quadruplex formed in the proximal promoter region of the MYC oncogene (MycG4) has been shown to be a transcriptional silencer that is amenable to small-molecule targeting for MYC suppression. Indenoisoquinolines are human topoisomerase I inhibitors in clinical testing with improved physicochemical and biological properties as compared to the clinically used camptothecin anticancer drugs topotecan and irinotecan. However, some indenoisoquinolines with potent anticancer activity do not exhibit strong topoisomerase I inhibition, suggesting a separate mechanism of action. Here, we report that anticancer indenoisoquinolines strongly bind and stabilize MycG4 and lower MYC expression levels in cancer cells, using various biochemical, biophysical, computer modeling, and cell-based methods. Significantly, a large number of active indenoisoquinolines cause strong MYC downregulation in cancer cells. Structure-activity relationships of MycG4 recognition by indenoisoquinolines are investigated. In addition, the analysis of indenoisoquinoline analogues for their MYC-inhibitory activity, topoisomerase I-inhibitory activity, and anticancer activity reveals a synergistic effect of MYC inhibition and topoisomerase I inhibition on anticancer activity. Therefore, this study uncovers a novel mechanism of action of indenoisoquinolines as a new family of drugs targeting the MYC promoter G-quadruplex for MYC suppression. Furthermore, the study suggests that dual targeting of MYC and topoisomerase I may serve as a novel strategy for anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Bo Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy , Purdue University , 575 W Stadium Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Mohamed S A Elsayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy , Purdue University , 575 W Stadium Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Guanhui Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy , Purdue University , 575 W Stadium Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Nanjie Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences , Pace University , 1 Pace Plaza , New York , New York 10038 , United States
| | - Mark Cushman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy , Purdue University , 575 W Stadium Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Purdue Center for Cancer Research , 201 S University Street , West Lafayette , Indiana 47906 , United States.,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery , 720 Clinic Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Danzhou Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy , Purdue University , 575 W Stadium Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Purdue Center for Cancer Research , 201 S University Street , West Lafayette , Indiana 47906 , United States.,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery , 720 Clinic Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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13
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Dung NT, Giang LNT, Thu PH, Thuong NH, Tuyet Anh DT, Tan LQ, Thanh NH, Anh LTT, Anh NT, Giang BL, Tuyen NV, Kiem PV. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Carboxylic Acid-Functionalized Indenoisoquinolines. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19849787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to find out the influence of carboxylic acid functionalities in the N-lactam side chains of indenoisoquinolines on cytotoxic activities, several new compounds have been synthesized and structurally characterized by analytical and spectral methods. The incorporation of a carboxylic acid group into the lactam side chain of indenoisoquinolines results in differences in cytotoxicity. The results indicated that compound 18c displayed substantial cytotoxic specificity toward KB and HepG2 cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Tien Dung
- Vietnam University of Traditional Medicine, Ha Dong, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Le Nhat Thuy Giang
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hoai Thu
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Hanh Thuong
- Vietnam University of Traditional Medicine, Ha Dong, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Dang Thi Tuyet Anh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Luc Quang Tan
- Thai Nguyen University-Lao Cai Campus, Lao Cai City, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Ha Thanh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Tu Anh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tuan Anh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Van Tuyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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14
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Kundu B, Das SK, Paul Chowdhuri S, Pal S, Sarkar D, Ghosh A, Mukherjee A, Bhattacharya D, Das BB, Talukdar A. Discovery and Mechanistic Study of Tailor-Made Quinoline Derivatives as Topoisomerase 1 Poison with Potent Anticancer Activity. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3428-3446. [PMID: 30897325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To overcome chemical limitations of camptothecin (CPT), we report design, synthesis, and validation of a quinoline-based novel class of topoisomerase 1 (Top1) inhibitors and establish that compound 28 ( N-(3-(1 H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)quinolin-4-amine) exhibits the highest potency in inhibiting human Top1 activity with an IC50 value of 29 ± 0.04 nM. Compound 28 traps Top1-DNA cleavage complexes (Top1ccs) both in the in vitro cleavage assays and in live cells. Point mutation of Top1-N722S fails to trap compound 28-induced Top1cc because of its inability to form a hydrogen bond with compound 28. Unlike CPT, compound 28 shows excellent plasma serum stability and is not a substrate of P-glycoprotein 1 (permeability glycoprotein) advancing its potential anticancer activity. Finally, we provide evidence that compound 28 overcomes the chemical instability of CPT in human breast adenocarcinoma cells through generation of persistent and less reversible Top1cc-induced DNA double-strand breaks as detected by γH2AX foci immunostaining after 5 h of drug removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Kundu
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Subhendu K Das
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences ; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata , 700032 West Bengal , India
| | - Srijita Paul Chowdhuri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences ; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata , 700032 West Bengal , India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Dipayan Sarkar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences ; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata , 700032 West Bengal , India
| | - Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Debomita Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
| | - Benu Brata Das
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences ; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata , 700032 West Bengal , India
| | - Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology , 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Kolkata 700032 , West Bengal , India
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15
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Kalugin VE, Shestopalov AM. The synthesis of 3-cyano-2-(organylamino)thieno[3,2-c]isoquinoline derivatives. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2459-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Cinelli MA. Topoisomerase 1B poisons: Over a half-century of drug leads, clinical candidates, and serendipitous discoveries. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:1294-1337. [PMID: 30456874 DOI: 10.1002/med.21546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Topoisomerases are DNA processing enzymes that relieve supercoiling (torsional strain) in DNA, are necessary for normal cellular division, and act by nicking (and then religating) DNA strands. Type 1B topoisomerase (Top1) is overexpressed in certain tumors, and the enzyme has been extensively investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy. Various chemical agents can act as "poisons" of the enzyme's religation step, leading to Top1-DNA lesions, DNA breakage, and eventual cellular death. In this review, agents that poison Top1 (and have thus been investigated for their anticancer properties) are surveyed, including natural products (such as camptothecins and indolocarbazoles), semisynthetic camptothecin and luotonin derivatives, and synthetic compounds (such as benzonaphthyridines, aromathecins, and indenoisoquinolines), as well as targeted therapies and conjugates. Top1 has also been investigated as a therapeutic target in certain viral and parasitic infections, as well as autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurological disorders, and a summary of literature describing alternative indications is also provided. This review should provide both a reference for the medicinal chemist and potentially offer clues to aid in the development of new Top1 poisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maris A Cinelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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17
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Lee HM, Clark EP, Kuijer MB, Cushman M, Pommier Y, Philpot BD. Characterization and structure-activity relationships of indenoisoquinoline-derived topoisomerase I inhibitors in unsilencing the dormant Ube3a gene associated with Angelman syndrome. Mol Autism 2018; 9:45. [PMID: 30140420 PMCID: PMC6098585 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-018-0228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder lacking effective therapies. AS is caused by mutations in ubiquitin protein ligase E3A (UBE3A), which is genomically imprinted such that only the maternally inherited copy is expressed in neurons. We previously demonstrated that topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors could successfully reactivate the dormant paternal allele of Ube3a in neurons of a mouse model of AS. We also previously showed that one such Top1 inhibitor, topotecan, could unsilence paternal UBE3A in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons from individuals with AS. Although topotecan has been well-studied and is FDA-approved for cancer therapy, its limited CNS bioavailability will likely restrict the therapeutic use of topotecan in AS. The goal of this study was to identify additional Top1 inhibitors with similar efficacy as topotecan, with the expectation that these could be tested in the future for safety and CNS bioavailability to assess their potential as AS therapeutics. Methods We tested 13 indenoisoquinoline-derived Top1 inhibitors to identify compounds that unsilence the paternal allele of Ube3a in mouse neurons. Primary cortical neurons were isolated from embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) mice with a Ube3a-YFP fluorescent tag on the paternal allele (Ube3am+/pYFP mice) or mice that lack the maternal Ube3a allele and hence model AS (Ube3am-/p+ mice). Neurons were cultured for 7 days, treated with drug for 72 h, and examined for paternal UBE3A protein expression by Western blot or fluorescence immunostaining. Dose responses of the compounds were determined across a log range of drug treatments, and cytotoxicity was tested using a luciferase-based assay. Results All 13 indenoisoquinoline-derived Top1 inhibitors unsilenced paternal Ube3a. Several compounds exhibited favorable paternal Ube3a unsilencing properties, similar to topotecan, and of these, indotecan (LMP400) was the most effective based on estimated Emax (maximum response of unsilencing paternal Ube3a) and EC50 (half maximal effective concentration). Conclusions We provide pharmacological profiles of indenoisoquinoline-derived Top1 inhibitors as paternal Ube3a unsilencers. All 13 tested compounds were effective at unsilencing paternal Ube3a, although with variable efficacy and potency. Indotecan (LMP400) demonstrated a better pharmacological profile of Ube3a unsilencing compared to our previous lead compound, topotecan. Taken together, indotecan and its structural analogues are potential AS therapeutics whose translational potential in AS treatment should be further assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-Min Lee
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, Room 5119 115 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7545, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7545 USA
| | - Ellen P Clark
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, Room 5119 115 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7545, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7545 USA
| | - M Bram Kuijer
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, Room 5119 115 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7545, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7545 USA
| | - Mark Cushman
- 2Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University School of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- 3Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Benjamin D Philpot
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, Room 5119 115 Mason Farm Rd., Campus Box 7545, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7545 USA.,4UNC Neuroscience Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC USA
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18
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Kalugin VE, Shestopalov AM. Synthesis of 5-aminopyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-c]isoquinoline derivatives from 3-cyanopyridine-2(1H)-thiones and 2-(chloromethyl)benzamide. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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The synthesis of substituted 5-aminopyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2-c]isoquinolines and their sulfinyl and sulfonyl derivatives. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Delgado JL, Hsieh CM, Chan NL, Hiasa H. Topoisomerases as anticancer targets. Biochem J 2018; 475:373-398. [PMID: 29363591 PMCID: PMC6110615 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many cancer type-specific anticancer agents have been developed and significant advances have been made toward precision medicine in cancer treatment. However, traditional or nonspecific anticancer drugs are still important for the treatment of many cancer patients whose cancers either do not respond to or have developed resistance to cancer-specific anticancer agents. DNA topoisomerases, especially type IIA topoisomerases, are proved therapeutic targets of anticancer and antibacterial drugs. Clinically successful topoisomerase-targeting anticancer drugs act through topoisomerase poisoning, which leads to replication fork arrest and double-strand break formation. Unfortunately, this unique mode of action is associated with the development of secondary cancers and cardiotoxicity. Structures of topoisomerase-drug-DNA ternary complexes have revealed the exact binding sites and mechanisms of topoisomerase poisons. Recent advances in the field have suggested a possibility of designing isoform-specific human topoisomerase II poisons, which may be developed as safer anticancer drugs. It may also be possible to design catalytic inhibitors of topoisomerases by targeting certain inactive conformations of these enzymes. Furthermore, identification of various new bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors and regulatory proteins may inspire the discovery of novel human topoisomerase inhibitors. Thus, topoisomerases remain as important therapeutic targets of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine L Delgado
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S Grand Ave., S321 Pharmacy Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, U.S.A
| | - Chao-Ming Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Nei-Li Chan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Hiroshi Hiasa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A.
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21
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Jhulki L, Dutta P, Santra MK, Cardoso MH, Oshiro KGN, Franco OL, Bertolasi V, Isab AA, Bielawski CW, Dinda J. Synthesis and cytotoxic characteristics displayed by a series of Ag(i)-, Au(i)- and Au(iii)-complexes supported by a common N-heterocyclic carbene. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02008f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The design, synthesis and anticancer properties of a series of Ag(i), Au(i) and Au(iii)–NHC complexes supported by pyridyl[1,2-a]{2-acetylylphenylimidazol}-3-ylidene are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalmohan Jhulki
- School of Applied Science
- Haldia Institute of Technology
- Haldia 721657
- India
| | - Parul Dutta
- National Centre for Cell Science
- Pune 411007
- India
| | | | - Marlon H. Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular
- Faculdade de Medicina
- Universidade de Brasília
- Brasília-DF
- Brazil
| | - Karen G. N. Oshiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular
- Faculdade de Medicina
- Universidade de Brasília
- Brasília-DF
- Brazil
| | - Octávio L. Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular
- Faculdade de Medicina
- Universidade de Brasília
- Brasília-DF
- Brazil
| | - Valerio Bertolasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- Centro di Strutturistica Diffrattometrica
- Universita' di Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Anvarhusein A. Isab
- Department of Chemistry
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM)
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering
| | - Joydev Dinda
- Department of Chemistry
- Utkal University
- Bhubaneswar 751004
- India
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22
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Gurak JA, Tran VT, Sroda MM, Engle KM. N-alkylation of 2-pyridone derivatives via palladium(II)-catalyzed directed alkene hydroamination. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department
of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Renal
Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Thomas E. Nielsen
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Singapore
Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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24
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Synthesis of substituted pyrido[3´,2´:4,5]thieno[3,2-c]isoquinolin-5(6H)-ones and their sulfinyl and sulfonyl derivatives. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1766-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Huang CY, Kavala V, Kuo CW, Konala A, Yang TH, Yao CF. Synthesis of Biologically Active Indenoisoquinoline Derivatives via a One-Pot Copper(II)-Catalyzed Tandem Reaction. J Org Chem 2017; 82:1961-1968. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chow Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Veerababurao Kavala
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chow Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chun-Wei Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chow Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ashok Konala
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chow Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Tang-Hao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chow Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ching-Fa Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chow Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan R.O.C
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26
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Arepalli SK, Park B, Jung JK, Lee K, Lee H. A facile one-pot regioselective synthesis of functionalized novel benzo[f]chromeno[4,3-b][1,7]naphthyridines and benzo[f][1,7]naphthyridines via an imino Diels-Alder reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Khaligh NG, Abbo HS, Titinchi SJJ. Synthesis of N-methyl imines in the presence of poly(N-vinylpyridine) as a reusable solid base catalyst by a mechanochemical process. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Lv PC, Elsayed MSA, Agama K, Marchand C, Pommier Y, Cushman M. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Potential Prodrugs Related to the Experimental Anticancer Agent Indotecan (LMP400). J Med Chem 2016; 59:4890-9. [PMID: 27097152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Indenoisoquinoline topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors are a novel class of anticancer agents with two compounds in clinical trials. Recent metabolism studies of indotecan (LMP400) led to the discovery of the biologically active 2-hydroxylated analogue and 3-hydroxylated metabolite, thus providing strategically placed functional groups for the preparation of a variety of potential ester prodrugs of these two compounds. The current study details the design and synthesis of two series of indenoisoquinoline prodrugs, and it also reveals how substituents on the O-2 and O-3 positions of the A ring, which are next to the cleaved DNA strand in the drug-DNA-Top1 ternary cleavage complex, affect Top1 inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity. Many of the indenoisoquinoline prodrugs were very potent antiproliferative agents with GI50 values below 10 nM in a variety of human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Lv
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed S A Elsayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Keli Agama
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, United States
| | - Christophe Marchand
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, United States
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, United States
| | - Mark Cushman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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29
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Thi TP, Decuyper L, Quang TL, The CP, Dang Thi TA, Nguyen HT, Le Nhat TG, Thanh TN, Thi PH, D’hooghe M, Van Nguyen T. Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of novel indenoisoquinoline-propan-2-ol hybrids. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Jiang B, Fu R, Qiu JK, Yu Y, Wang SL, Tu SJ. A new [4 + 1]/[4 + 2]bicycliaztion strategy for accessing functionalized indeno[1,2-b]pyran-2-ones. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16462e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new base-promoted bicyclization strategy for the synthesis of functionalized indeno[1,2-b]pyran-2-ones has been established from readily accessible o-phthalaldehydes (OPA) and the preformed 1-arylethylidenemalononitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Rong Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Kai Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Shu-Liang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
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31
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Synthesis of substituted benzothieno[3,2-c]isoquinolin-5(6H)-ones and their sulfinyl and sulfonyl derivatives. Russ Chem Bull 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-014-0765-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Chen KQ, Zhang HM, Wang DL, Sun DQ, Ye S. Enantioselective N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed synthesis of indenopyrones. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:6694-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00859j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral disubstituted indenopyrones were synthesized in high yields with exclusive cis-selectivity and excellent enantioselectivity via N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Quan Chen
- Marine College
- Shangdong University at Weihai
- Weihai 264209
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
| | - Han-Ming Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Dong-Ling Wang
- Marine College
- Shangdong University at Weihai
- Weihai 264209
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
| | - De-Qun Sun
- Marine College
- Shangdong University at Weihai
- Weihai 264209
- China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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33
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Unsworth WP, Coulthard G, Kitsiou C, Taylor RJK. Direct imine acylation for molecular diversity in heterocyclic synthesis. J Org Chem 2014; 79:1368-76. [PMID: 24437593 DOI: 10.1021/jo402768r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Imines and carboxylic acids have been directly coupled using propylphosphonic acid anhydride and NEt(i-Pr)2 to give N-acyliminium ions, which were intramolecularly trapped with oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon nucleophiles to provide a wide range of structurally diverse heterocycles.
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34
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Jiang Q, Wang JY, Guo C. Iodine(III)-Mediated C–H Alkoxylation of Aniline Derivatives with Alcohols under Metal-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8768-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501601u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jiang
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center
of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Yu Wang
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center
of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Cancheng Guo
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center
of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
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35
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Lv PC, Agama K, Marchand C, Pommier Y, Cushman M. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of O-2-modified indenoisoquinolines as dual topoisomerase I-tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I inhibitors. J Med Chem 2014; 57:4324-36. [PMID: 24800942 PMCID: PMC4033654 DOI: 10.1021/jm500294a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Tyrosyl-DNA
phosphodiesterase I (TDP1) repairs stalled topoisomerase
I (Top1)–DNA covalent complexes and has been proposed to be
a promising and attractive target for cancer treatment. Inhibitors
of TDP1 could conceivably act synergistically with Top1 inhibitors
and thereby potentiate the effects of Top1 poisons. This study describes
the successful design and synthesis of 2-position-modified indenoisoquinolines
as dual Top1–TDP1 inhibitors using a structure-based drug design
approach. Enzyme inhibition studies indicate that indenoisoquinolines
modified at the 2-position with three-carbon side chains ending with
amino substituents show both promising Top1 and TDP1 inhibitory activity.
Molecular modeling of selected target compounds bound to Top1 and
TDP1 was used to rationalize the enzyme inhibition results and structure–activity
relationship analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Lv
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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36
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Akerman KJ, Fagenson AM, Cyril V, Taylor M, Muller MT, Akerman MP, Munro OQ. Gold(III) macrocycles: nucleotide-specific unconventional catalytic inhibitors of human topoisomerase I. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5670-82. [PMID: 24694294 PMCID: PMC4004252 DOI: 10.1021/ja412350f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Topoisomerase
IB (Top1) is a key eukaryotic nuclear enzyme that
regulates the topology of DNA during replication and gene transcription.
Anticancer drugs that block Top1 are either well-characterized interfacial
poisons or lesser-known catalytic inhibitor compounds. Here we describe
a new class of cytotoxic redox-stable cationic Au3+ macrocycles
which, through hierarchical cluster analysis of cytotoxicity data
for the lead compound, 3, were identified as either poisons
or inhibitors of Top1. Two pivotal enzyme inhibition assays prove
that the compounds are true catalytic inhibitors of Top1. Inhibition
of human topoisomerase IIα (Top2α) by 3 was
2 orders of magnitude weaker than its inhibition of Top1, confirming
that 3 is a type I-specific catalytic inhibitor. Importantly,
Au3+ is essential for both DNA intercalation and enzyme
inhibition. Macromolecular simulations show that 3 intercalates
directly at the 5′-TA-3′ dinucleotide sequence targeted
by Top1 via crucial electrostatic interactions, which include π–π
stacking and an Au···O contact involving a thymine
carbonyl group, resolving the ambiguity of conventional (drug binds
protein) vs unconventional (drug binds substrate) catalytic inhibition
of the enzyme. Surface plasmon resonance studies confirm the molecular
mechanism of action elucidated by the simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate J Akerman
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
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Dezhenkova LG, Tsvetkov VB, Shtil AA. Topoisomerase I and II inhibitors: chemical structure, mechanisms of action and role in cancer chemotherapy. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n01abeh004363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Zubkov FI, Nikitina EV, Galeev TR, Zaytsev VP, Khrustalev VN, Novikov RA, Orlova DN, Varlamov AV. General synthetic approach towards annelated 3a,6-epoxyisoindoles by tandem acylation/IMDAF reaction of furylazaheterocycles. Scope and limitations. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Coletta A, Castelli S, Chillemi G, Sanna N, Cushman M, Pommier Y, Desideri A. Solvent dependency of the UV-Vis spectrum of indenoisoquinolines: role of keto-oxygens as polarity interaction probes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73881. [PMID: 24086299 PMCID: PMC3784438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Indenoisoquinolines are the most promising non-campthotecins topoisomerase IB inhibitors. We present an integrated experimental/computational investigation of the UV-Vis spectra of the IQNs parental compound (NSC314622) and two of its derivatives (NSC724998 and NSC725776) currently undergoing Phase I clinical trials. In all the three compounds a similar dependence of the relative absorption intensities at 270 nm and 290 nm on solvent polarity is found. The keto-oxygens in positions 5 and 11 of the molecular scaffold of the molecule are the principal chromophores involved in this dependence. Protic interactions on these sites are also found to give rise to absorptions at wavelength <250 nm observed in water solution, due to the stabilization of highly polarized tautomers of the molecule. These results suggest that the keto-oxygens are important polarizable groups that can act as useful interactors with the molecular receptor, providing at the same time an useful fingerprint for the monitoring of the drug binding to topoisomerase IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Coletta
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Castelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Chillemi
- Consorzio interuniversitario per le Applicazioni del Supercalcolo Per Università e Ricerca, Roma, Italy
| | - Nico Sanna
- Consorzio interuniversitario per le Applicazioni del Supercalcolo Per Università e Ricerca, Roma, Italy
| | - Mark Cushman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Yves Pommier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alessandro Desideri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Khadka DB, Cho WJ. Topoisomerase inhibitors as anticancer agents: a patent update. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:1033-56. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.790958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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41
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Chakrabarty S, Croft MS, Marko MG, Moyna G. Synthesis and evaluation as potential anticancer agents of novel tetracyclic indenoquinoline derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1143-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Radulović NS, Miltojević AB, Vukićević RD. Simple and efficient one-pot solvent-free synthesis of N-methyl imines of aromatic aldehydes. CR CHIM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Unsworth WP, Kitsiou C, Taylor RJK. Direct Imine Acylation: Rapid Access to Diverse Heterocyclic Scaffolds. Org Lett 2012; 15:258-61. [PMID: 23265307 DOI: 10.1021/ol303073b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- William P. Unsworth
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U. K
| | - Christiana Kitsiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U. K
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Mancini G, D'Annessa I, Coletta A, Chillemi G, Pommier Y, Cushman M, Desideri A. Binding of an Indenoisoquinoline to the topoisomerase-DNA complex induces reduction of linker mobility and strengthening of protein-DNA interaction. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51354. [PMID: 23236483 PMCID: PMC3516564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-duration comparative molecular dynamics simulations of the DNA-topoisomerase binary and DNA-topoisomerase-indenoisoquinoline ternary complexes have been carried out. The analyses demonstrated the role of the drug in conformationally stabilizing the protein-DNA interaction. In detail, the protein lips, clamping the DNA substrate, interact more tightly in the ternary complex than in the binary one. The drug also reduces the conformational space sampled by the protein linker domain through an increased interaction with the helix bundle proximal to the active site. A similar alteration of linker domain dynamics has been observed in a precedent work for topotecan but the molecular mechanisms were different if compared to those described in this work. Finally, the indenoisoquinoline keeps Lys532 far from the DNA, making it unable to participate in the religation reaction, indicating that both short- and long-range interactions contribute to the drug poisoning effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Mancini
- CASPUR Inter-University Consortium for the Application of Super-Computing for Universities and Research, Rome, Italy
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46
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Recent advances in synthesis of 2-pyridones: a key heterocycle is revisited. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-012-0155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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47
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Nguyen TX, Morrell A, Conda-Sheridan M, Marchand C, Agama K, Bermingam A, Stephen AG, Chergui A, Naumova A, Fisher R, O’Keefe BR, Pommier Y, Cushman M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of the first dual tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I (Tdp1)-topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:4457-78. [PMID: 22536944 PMCID: PMC3350798 DOI: 10.1021/jm300335n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Substances with dual tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I-topoisomerase I inhibitory activity in one low molecular weight compound would constitute a unique class of anticancer agents that could potentially have significant advantages over drugs that work against the individual enzymes. The present study demonstrates the successful synthesis and evaluation of the first dual Top1-Tdp1 inhibitors, which are based on the indenoisoquinoline chemotype. One bis(indenoisoquinoline) had significant activity against human Tdp1 (IC(50) = 1.52 ± 0.05 μM), and it was also equipotent to camptothecin as a Top1 inhibitor. Significant insights into enzyme-drug interactions were gained via structure-activity relationship studies of the series. The present results also document the failure of the previously reported sulfonyl ester pharmacophore to confer Tdp1 inhibition in this indenoisoquinoline class of inhibitors even though it was demonstrated to work well for the steroid NSC 88915 (7). The current study will facilitate future efforts to optimize dual Top1-Tdp1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Xuan Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Andrew Morrell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Martin Conda-Sheridan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Christophe Marchand
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255
| | - Keli Agama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255
| | - Alun Bermingam
- Molecular Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 217023
| | - Andrew G. Stephen
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Adel Chergui
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255
| | - Alena Naumova
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255
| | - Robert Fisher
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Barry R. O’Keefe
- Molecular Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 217023
| | - Yves Pommier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255
| | - Mark Cushman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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48
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Zhang X, Wang R, Zhao L, Lu N, Wang J, You Q, Li Z, Guo Q. Synthesis and biological evaluations of novel indenoisoquinolines as topoisomerase I inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 22:1276-81. [PMID: 22079759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel indenoisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized. The anticancer activities of these molecules were tested in human cancer cell lines A549, HepG2, and HCT-116. These compounds were also tested for their activity of topoisomerase I (top1) inhibition. Among them, compound 25 was found to be 10-times more potent in cell-killing activity for both cell lines HepG2 and HCT-116 than reported compound 11, with IC(50) of 0.019 and 0.093μM, respectively. Compound 25 was also found to have stronger top1 inhibition activity than 11 in our inhibition assay. Further in vivo evaluations of compound 25 are in progress and will be reported in due course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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Peterson KE, Cinelli MA, Morrell AE, Mehta A, Dexheimer TS, Agama K, Antony S, Pommier Y, Cushman M. Alcohol-, diol-, and carbohydrate-substituted indenoisoquinolines as topoisomerase I inhibitors: investigating the relationships involving stereochemistry, hydrogen bonding, and biological activity. J Med Chem 2011; 54:4937-53. [PMID: 21710981 DOI: 10.1021/jm101338z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The DNA-relaxing enzyme topoisomerase I (Top1) can be inhibited by heterocyclic compounds such as indolocarbazoles and indenoisoquinolines. Carbohydrate and hydroxyl-containing side chains are essential for the biological activity of indolocarbazoles. The current study investigated how similar functionalities could be "translated" to the indenoisoquinoline system and how stereochemistry and hydrogen bonding affect biological activity. Herein is described the preparation and assay of indenoisoquinolines substituted with short-chain alcohols, diols, and carbohydrates. Several compounds (including those derived from sugars) display potent Top1 poisoning and antiproliferative activities. The Top1 poisoning activity of diol-substituted indenoisoquinolines is dependent upon stereochemistry. Although the effect is striking, molecular modeling and docking studies do not indicate any reason for the difference in activity due to similar calculated interactions between the ligand and Top1-DNA complex and ambiguity about the binding mode. A stereochemical dependence was also observed for carbohydrate-derived indenoisoquinolines. Although similar trends were observed in other classes of Top1 inhibitors, the exact nature of this effect has yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Peterson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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50
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Shuai L, Deng M, Zhang D, Zhou Y, Zhou X. Quadruplex-duplex motifs as new topoisomerase I inhibitors. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2011; 29:841-53. [PMID: 21128171 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2010.530635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this article, 13 short chains that can form G-quadruplex and quadruplex-duplex motif have been designed. Fourteen oligonucleotides, including 13 short chains as well as a reference short chain all have certain level of inhibition to topoisomerase I, whether or not they form G-quadruplex and quadruplex-duplex motif, and the G-quadruplex and quadruplex-duplex motif show better activity than single short chain. The result confirmed that after forming G-quadruplex and quadruplex-duplex motif these 14 oligonucleotides are competitive inhibition, that is, through the priority binding with the topoisomerase I and precluding from its binding with the normal substrate pBR322 and, therefore, inhibiting the next reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shuai
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Hubei, Wuhan, P. R. China.
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