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Sahoo BM, Banik BK, Tiwari A, Tiwari V, Jain A, Borah P. Synthesis and application of organotellurium compounds. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Organotellurium compounds define the compounds containing carbon (organic group) and tellurium bond (C–Te). The first organic compound containing tellurium was prepared by Wohler in 1840 after the discovery of the metal by the Austrian chemist F. J. Muller von Reichenstein in the year 1782. The term tellurium was derived from Latin tellus. Tellurium was observed first time in ores mined in the gold districts of Transylvania. Naturally occurring tellurium compounds are present in various forms based on their oxidation states such as TeO2 (+4) and TeO3 (+6). These oxidation states of tellurium compounds are more stable as compared to the other oxidation states. Tellurium is a rare element and is considered a non-essential, toxic element. Tellurium possesses only one crystalline form which consists of a network of spiral chains similar to that of hexagonal selenium. Tellurium is used for the treatment and prevention of microbial infections prior to the development of antibiotics. Hence, the utilization of organotellurium compounds plays a significant role as reagents and intermediates in various organic syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswa Mohan Sahoo
- Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Berhampur - 760010 , Odisha , India
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies , Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University , Al Khobar 31952 , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abhishek Tiwari
- Faculty of Pharmacy , IFTM University , Moradabad , Uttar Pradesh - 244102 , India
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- Faculty of Pharmacy , IFTM University , Moradabad , Uttar Pradesh - 244102 , India
| | - Adya Jain
- Department of Chemistry , MRK Educational Institutions, IGU , Rewari , Haryana , India
| | - Preetismita Borah
- CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organization , Chandigarh , India
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Chan CK, Chung YH, Wang CC. TMSOTf-mediated Kröhnke pyridine synthesis using HMDS as the nitrogen source under microwave irradiation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8263-8273. [PMID: 35424740 PMCID: PMC8982443 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient protocol for the preparation of pyridine skeletons has been successfully developed involving the TMSOTf/HMDS (trifluoromethanesulfonic acid/hexamethyldisilane) system for the intermolecular cyclization of chalcones under MW (microwave) irradiation conditions. This method provides a facile approach to synthesize 2,4,6-triaryl or 3-benzyl-2,4,6-triarylpyridines in good to excellent yields. Interestingly, the 2,6-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene core was obtained by changing the acid additive to Sn(OTf)2, and the desired product was also confirmed using X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Kai Chan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiu Chung
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
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Gopalaiah K, Choudhary R. Synthesis of Kröhnke pyridines through iron-catalyzed oxidative condensation/double alkynylation/amination cascade strategy. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Das S, Tiwari M, Mondal D, Sahoo BR, Tiwari DK. Growing tool-kit of photosensitizers for clinical and non-clinical applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10897-10940. [PMID: 33165483 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02085k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitizers are photosensitive molecules utilized in clinical and non-clinical applications by taking advantage of light-mediated reactive oxygen generation, which triggers local and systemic cellular toxicity. Photosensitizers are used for diverse biological applications such as spatio-temporal inactivation of a protein in a living system by chromophore-assisted light inactivation, localized cell photoablation, photodynamic and immuno-photodynamic therapy, and correlative light-electron microscopy imaging. Substantial efforts have been made to develop several genetically encoded, chemically synthesized, and nanotechnologically driven photosensitizers for successful implementation in redox biology applications. Genetically encoded photosensitizers (GEPS) or reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating proteins have the advantage of using them in the living system since they can be manipulated by genetic engineering with a variety of target-specific genes for the precise spatio-temporal control of ROS generation. The GEPS variety is limited but is expanding with a variety of newly emerging GEPS proteins. Apart from GEPS, a large variety of chemically- and nanotechnologically-empowered photosensitizers have been developed with a major focus on photodynamic therapy-based cancer treatment alone or in combination with pre-existing treatment methods. Recently, immuno-photodynamic therapy has emerged as an effective cancer treatment method using smartly designed photosensitizers to initiate and engage the patient's immune system so as to empower the photosensitizing effect. In this review, we have discussed various types of photosensitizers, their clinical and non-clinical applications, and implementation toward intelligent efficacy, ROS efficiency, and target specificity in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Environment, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa 403206, India.
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Ortiz-Rodríguez LA, Crespo-Hernández CE. Thionated organic compounds as emerging heavy-atom-free photodynamic therapy agents. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11113-11123. [PMID: 34094354 PMCID: PMC8162790 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04747c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This minireview focuses on recent progress in developing heavy-atom-free photosensitizers based on the thionation of nucleic acid derivatives and other biocompatible organic compounds for prospective applications in photodynamic therapy. Particular attention is given to the use of thionated nucleobase derivatives as "one-two punch" photodynamic agents. These versatile photosensitizers can act as "Trojan horses" upon metabolization into DNA and exposure to activating light. Their incorporation into cellular DNA increases their selectivity and photodynamic efficacy against highly proliferating skin cancer tumor cells, while simultaneously enabling the use of low irradiation doses both in the presence and in the absence of molecular oxygen. Also reviewed are their primary photochemical reactions, modes of action, and photosensitization mechanisms. New developments of emerging thionated organic photosensitizers absorbing visible and near-infrared radiation are highlighted. Future research directions, as well as, other prospective applications of heavy-atom-free, thionated photosensitizers are discussed.
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Rekunge DS, Kale IA, Chaturbhuj GU. An efficient, green solvent-free protocol for the synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines using reusable heterogeneous activated Fuller’s earth catalyst. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-018-1434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Zhai Y, Busscher HJ, Liu Y, Zhang Z, van Kooten TG, Su L, Zhang Y, Liu J, Liu J, An Y, Shi L. Photoswitchable Micelles for the Control of Singlet-Oxygen Generation in Photodynamic Therapies. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2023-2033. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Henk J. Busscher
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yong Liu
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhenkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Theo G. van Kooten
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Linzhu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjian Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingli An
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Linqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Abstract
The 4H-1,4-telluraborine is a shown to be a versatile reagent undergoing both protonolysis and hydroboration, affording a new range of 1,4-telluraborine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu An Tsao
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
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Yudhistira T, Mulay SV, Lee KJ, Kim Y, Park HS, Churchill DG. Thiomaleimide Functionalization for Selective Biological Fluorescence Detection of Peroxynitrite as Tested in HeLa and RAW 264.7 Cells. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1927-1934. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tesla Yudhistira
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Sandip V. Mulay
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- Molecular Synthetic Biology Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsam Kim
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Park
- Molecular Synthetic Biology Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - David G. Churchill
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
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Sneider A, Jadia R, Piel B, VanDyke D, Tsiros C, Rai P. Engineering Remotely Triggered Liposomes to Target Triple Negative Breast Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2:1-13. [PMID: 28174679 PMCID: PMC5292187 DOI: 10.7150/oncm.17406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) continues to present a challenge in the clinic, as there is still no approved targeted therapy. TNBC is the worst sub-type of breast cancer in terms of prognosis and exhibits a deficiency in estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) receptors. One possible option for the treatment of TNBC is chemotherapy. The issue with many chemotherapy drugs is that their effectiveness is diminished due to poor water solubility, and the method of administration directly or with a co-solvent intravenously can lead to an increase in toxicity. The issues of drug solubility can be avoided by using liposomes as a drug delivery carrier. Liposomes are engineered, biological nanoconstructs that possess the ability to encapsulate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs and have been clinically approved to treat cancer. Specific targeting of cancer cell receptors through the use of ligands conjugated to the surface of drug-loaded liposomes could lessen damage to normal, healthy tissue. This study focuses on polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated, folate conjugated, benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD)-loaded liposomes for treatment via photodynamic therapy (PDT). The folate receptor is over expressed on TNBC cells so these liposomes are targeted for greater uptake into cancer cells. PDT involves remotely irradiating light at 690 nm to trigger BPD, a hydrophobic photosensitive drug, to form reactive oxygen species that cause tumor cell death. BPD also displays a fluorescence signal when excited by light making it possible to image the fluorescence prior to PDT and for theranostics. In this study, free BPD, non-targeted and folate-targeted PEGylated BPD-loaded liposomes were introduced to a metastatic breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) in vitro. The liposomes were reproducibly synthesized and characterized for size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, stability, and BPD release kinetics. Folate competition tests, fluorescence confocal imaging, and MTT assay were used to observe and quantify targeting effectiveness. The toxicity of BPD before and after PDT in monolayer and 3D in vitro cultures with TNBC cells was observed. This study may contribute to a novel nanoparticle-mediated approach to target TNBC using PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sneider
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Department of Chemical Engineering, Francis College of Engineering, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Rahul Jadia
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Program, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Brandon Piel
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Department of Chemical Engineering, Francis College of Engineering, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Derek VanDyke
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Department of Chemical Engineering, Francis College of Engineering, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Christopher Tsiros
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Program, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Prakash Rai
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Department of Chemical Engineering, Francis College of Engineering, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA. ; University of Massachusetts Lowell, Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Program, 1 University Ave, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Tsao FA, Stephan DW. Facile access to unsymmetrically substituted tellurium–boron based heterocycles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6311-6314. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03648e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protonolysis and alkyne exchange reactions are used to give unsymmetrically substituted Te–B based heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu An Tsao
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
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12
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Gürdere MB, Öztürk SM, Ceylan M. One-pot Synthesis of 2,6-Diaryl-4-indolyl- and 4-Aryl-2,6-bis-(Indolyl)pyridine Derivatives in Neat Conditions. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2015.1088758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Tsao FA, Cao L, Grimme S, Stephan DW. Double FLP-Alkyne Exchange Reactions: A Facile Route to Te/B Heterocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13264-7. [PMID: 26447492 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
1-Bora-4-tellurocyclohexa-2,5-diene undergoes sequential [4 + 2] cycloadditions/alkyne-elimination reactions to incorporate 2 equiv of terminal alkyne with the loss of diarylalkyne, affording access to a series of 11 new tellurium-boron heterocycles. These alkyne exchange reactions proceed regioselectively and can tolerate a variety of functional groups, thus providing the potential for further derivatization. The mechanism of the exchange reaction is confirmed by a DFT study to involve the interaction of the Te and B with the alkyne in a frustrated Lewis pair fashion in the transition states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu An Tsao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Levy Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Universität Bonn Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 3H6
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Huang YY, Sharma SK, Yin R, Agrawal T, Chiang LY, Hamblin MR. Functionalized fullerenes in photodynamic therapy. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2015; 10:1918-36. [PMID: 25544837 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2014.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of C60 fullerene in 1985, scientists have been searching for biomedical applications of this most fascinating of molecules. The unique photophysical and photochemical properties of C60 suggested that the molecule would function well as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT uses the combination of non-toxic dyes and harmless visible light to produce reactive oxygen species that kill unwanted cells. However the extreme insolubility and hydrophobicity of pristine CO60, mandated that the cage be functionalized with chemical groups that provided water solubility and biological targeting ability. It has been found that cationic quaternary ammonium groups provide both these features, and this review covers work on the use of cationic fullerenes to mediate destruction of cancer cells and pathogenic microorganisms in vitro and describes the treatment of tumors and microbial infections in mouse models. The design, synthesis, and use of simple pyrrolidinium salts, more complex decacationic chains, and light-harvesting antennae that can be attached to C60, C70 and C84 cages are covered. In the case of bacterial wound infections mice can be saved from certain death by fullerene-mediated PDT.
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Inhibitory Effect of Selenium Against Penicillium expansum and Its Possible Mechanisms of Action. Curr Microbiol 2014; 69:192-201. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-014-0573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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An efficient and general procedure for the synthesis of alkynyl chalcogenides (selenides and tellurides) by alumina-supported Cu(II)-catalyzed reaction of alkynyl bromides and diphenyl dichalcogenides. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Singh PK. Synthesis and fungicidal activity of novel 3-(substituted/unsubstituted phenylselenonyl)-1-ribosyl/deoxyribosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:5813-5818. [PMID: 22563913 DOI: 10.1021/jf300730f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of potassium 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-selenolate (I) with acetylated ribose/deoxyribose (IIa,b) in the presence of montmorillonite K 10 as a solid adsorbent furnished potassium 1-acetylated ribosyl/deoxyribosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-selenolate (IIIa,b) with excellent yield under microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions. This eliminates a series of complex isolation procedures and often minimizes the use of a large amount of expensive, toxic, and hazardous solvents after each step. This procedure reduces reaction time and cost and enhances yield. Reaction of compound (IIIa,b) with substituted/unsubstituted aryl diazonium chloride (IVa-e) at 0-5 °C gave pure 3-(substituted/unsubstituted phenyl selanyl)-1-acetylribosyl/deoxyribosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole (Va-j). Oxidation of compound (Va-j) with oxone followed by alkaline hydrolysis furnished quantitatively and analytically pure 3-(substituted/unsubstituted phenylselenonyl)-1-ribosyl/deoxyribosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole (VIIa-j). Compounds VIa-j and VIIa-j were evaluated in vitro for their fungitoxicities against Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium citrinum. All the compounds were found to be antifungal active. Some of the compounds displayed activities comparable with that of the commercial fungicide Dithane M-45 and griseofulvin. Structure-activity relationships for the screened compounds were discussed. The fact that both of these fungi have developed resistance to several fungicide groups made them optimal candidates as target organisms for ongoing research about the potential application of 1,2,4-triazole and analogue compounds as reduced-risk fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin K Singh
- Food Analysis and Research Lab, Centre of Food Technology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-21002, India
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Dhinakaran MK, Mohan Das T. Studies on a novel class of triaryl pyridine N-glycosylamine amphiphiles as super gelators. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:2077-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06834f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bothwell JM, Krabbe SW, Mohan RS. Applications of bismuth(III) compounds in organic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:4649-707. [PMID: 21589974 DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00206b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review article summarizes the applications of bismuth(III) compounds in organic synthesis since 2002. Although there are an increasing number of reports on applications of bismuth(III) salts in polymerization reactions, and their importance is acknowledged, they are not included in this review. This review is largely organized by the reaction type although some reactions can clearly be placed in multiple sections. While every effort has been made to include all relevant reports in this field, any omission is inadvertent and we apologize in advance for the same (358 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Bothwell
- Laboratory for Environmentally Friendly Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, IL 61701, USA
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Nanodrug applications in photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2011; 8:14-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Climent MJ, Corma A, Iborra S. Heterogeneous catalysts for the one-pot synthesis of chemicals and fine chemicals. Chem Rev 2010; 111:1072-133. [PMID: 21105733 DOI: 10.1021/cr1002084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 517] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Climent
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
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Ba LA, Döring M, Jamier V, Jacob C. Tellurium: an element with great biological potency and potential. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4203-16. [PMID: 20714663 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00086h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tellurium has long appeared as a nearly 'forgotten' element in Biology, with most studies focusing on tellurite, tellurate and a handful of organic tellurides. During the last decade, several discoveries have fuelled a renewed interest in this element. Bioincorporation of telluromethionine provides a new approach to add heavy atoms to selected sites in proteins. Cadmium telluride (CdTe) nanoparticles are fluorescent and may be used as quantum dots in imaging and diagnosis. The antibiotic properties of tellurite, long known yet almost forgotten, have attracted renewed interest, especially since the biochemical mechanisms of tellurium cytotoxicity are beginning to emerge. The close chemical relationship between tellurium and sulfur also transcends into in vitro and in vivo situations and provides new impetus for the development of enzyme inhibitors and redox modulators, some of which may be of interest in the field of antibiotics and anticancer drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalla Aicha Ba
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, PO Box 151150, D-66123, Saarbruecken, Germany
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Silveira CC, Rinaldi F, Bassaco MM, Kaufman TS. Synthesis of 2-diphenylphosphinoyl-3,5-diaryl-3,4-dihydro-2H-telluropyrans by reaction of chalcones with bis[(diphenylphosphinoyl)methyl]telluride. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.06.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Warrier AKS, Clennan EL. Synthesis, structural, electrochemical, and photophysical properties of 4,2′-thiopyrylogens - a novel class of sensitizers for photoinduced electron transfer reactions. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Highly efficient, one-pot, solvent-free synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines using a Brønsted-acidic ionic liquid as reusable catalyst. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-010-0329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cunha RLOR, Gouvea IE, Juliano L. A glimpse on biological activities of tellurium compounds. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2010; 81:393-407. [PMID: 19722011 DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652009000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tellurium is a rare element which has been regarded as a toxic, non-essential trace element and its biological role is not clearly established to date. Besides of that, the biological effects of elemental tellurium and some of its inorganic and organic derivatives have been studied, leading to a set of interesting and promising applications. As an example, it can be highlighted the uses of alkali-metal tellurites and tellurates in microbiology, the antioxidant effects of organotellurides and diorganoditellurides and the immunomodulatory effects of the non-toxic inorganic tellurane, named AS-101, and the plethora of its uses. Inasmuch, the nascent applications of organic telluranes (organotelluranes) as protease inhibitors and its applications in disease models are the most recent contribution to the scenario of the biological effects and applications of tellurium and its compounds discussed in this manuscript.
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O'Connor AE, Gallagher WM, Byrne AT. Porphyrin and nonporphyrin photosensitizers in oncology: preclinical and clinical advances in photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol 2009; 85:1053-74. [PMID: 19682322 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00585.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 815] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is now a well-recognized modality for the treatment of cancer. While PDT has developed progressively over the last century, great advances have been observed in the field in recent years. The concept of dual selectivity of PDT agents is now widely accepted due to the relative specificity and selectivity of PDT along with the absence of harmful side effects often encountered with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Traditionally, porphyrin-based photosensitizers have dominated the PDT field but these first generation photosensitizers have several disadvantages, with poor light absorption and cutaneous photosensitivity being the predominant side effects. As a result, the requirement for new photosensitizers, including second generation porphyrins and porphyrin derivatives as well as third generation photosensitizers has arisen, with the aim of alleviating the problems encountered with first generation porphyrins and improving the efficacy of PDT. The investigation of nonporphyrin photosensitizers for the development of novel PDT agents has been considerably less extensive than porphyrin-based compounds; however, structural modification of nonporphyrin photosensitizers has allowed for manipulation of the photochemotherapeutic properties. The aim of this review is to provide an insight into PDT photosensitizers clinically approved for application in oncology, as well as those which show significant potential in ongoing preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling E O'Connor
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Clennan EL, Kumar Sankara Warrier A, Arulsamy N. Synthesis, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the sulfur analogs of the new 4,4′-pyrylogen electron transfer sensitizers. J Sulphur Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17415990902774228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward L. Clennan
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Wyoming , 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | | | - Navamoney Arulsamy
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Wyoming , 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
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Sawada GA, Raub TJ, William Higgins J, Brennan NK, Moore TM, Tombline G, Detty MR. Chalcogenopyrylium dyes as inhibitors/modulators of P-glycoprotein in multidrug-resistant cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:9745-56. [PMID: 18849167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of chalcogenopyrylium dyes were evaluated as modulators/inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Their ability to inhibit verapamil (VER)-dependent ATPase activity (IC(50) values) in lipid-activated, mouse Cys-less mdr3 Pgp was determined. Their ability to promote calcein-AM (CAM) uptake in MDCKII-MDR1 cells and their capacity to be transported by Pgp in monolayers of MDCKII-MDR1 cells were also evaluated. The chalcogenopyrylium dyes promoted CAM uptake with values of EC(50) between 5 x 10(-6) and 3.5 x 10(-5)M and 7 of the 9 dyes examined in transport studies were substrates for Pgp with efflux ratios (P(BA/AB)) between 14 and 390. Binding of three compounds (1-S, 3-S, and 4-S) to Pgp was also assessed by fluorescence. These three thiopyrylium dyes showed increased fluorescence upon binding to Pgp, giving apparent binding constants, K(app), on the order of 10(-7) to 10(-6)M. Compound 8-Te was particularly intriguing since it appeared to influence Pgp at low micromolar concentrations as evidenced by its influence on VER-stimulated ATPase activity (IC(50) of 1.2 x 10(-6)M), CAM uptake (EC(50) of 5.4 x 10(-6)M), as well as [(3)H]-vinblastine transport by Pgp in cells (IC(50) of 4.3 x 10(-6)M) and within inside-out membrane vesicles (IC(50) of 9.6 x 10(-6)M). Yet, Pgp did not influence the distribution of 8-Te in MDCKII-MDR1 monolayers suggesting that 8-Te may bind to an allosteric site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geri A Sawada
- Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
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Verma AK, Koul S, Pannu AP, Razdan TK. Novel solid-supported dimerization–heteroannulation of chalcones: simple and efficient synthesis of 2,4,6-triaryl-3-methylarylpyridines. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bures F, Schweizer WB, May JC, Boudon C, Gisselbrecht JP, Gross M, Biaggio I, Diederich F. Property tuning in charge-transfer chromophores by systematic modulation of the spacer between donor and acceptor. Chemistry 2007; 13:5378-87. [PMID: 17304602 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A series of donor-acceptor chromophores was prepared in which the spacer separating 4-dimethylanilino (DMA) donor and C(CN)(2) acceptor moieties is systematically varied. All of the new push-pull systems, except 4 b, are thermally stable molecules. In series a, the DMA rings are directly attached to the central spacer, whereas in series b additional acetylene moieties are inserted. X-ray crystal structures were obtained for seven of the new, intensely colored target compounds. In series a, the DMA rings are sterically forced out of the mean plane of the residual pi system, whereas the entire conjugated pi system in series b is nearly planar. Support for strong donor-acceptor interactions was obtained through evaluation of the quinoid character of the DMA ring and by NMR and IR spectroscopy. The UV/Vis spectra feature bathochromically shifted, intense charge-transfer bands, with the lowest energy transitions and the smallest optical gap being measured for the two-dimensionally extended chromophores 6 a and 6 b. The redox behavior of the push-pull molecules was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). In the series 1 b, 2 b, 4 b, 5 b, in which the spacer between donor and acceptor moieties is systematically enlarged, the electrochemical gap decreases steadily from 1.94 V (1 b) to 1.53 V (5 b). This decrease is shown to be a consequence of a reduction in the D-A conjugation with increasing spacer length. Degenerate four-wave mixing experiments reveal high third-order optical nonlinearities, pointing to potentially interesting applications of some of the new chromophores in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Bures
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, Hönggerberg, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Verma AK, Koul S, Razdan TK, Kapoor KK. A new and efficient one-pot solid-supported synthesis of 1,2,4,6-tetraaryl-1,4-dihydropyridines. CAN J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1139/v06-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
1,2,4,6-Tetraaryl-1,4-dihydropyridines were obtained by the one-pot reaction of chalcones and substituted anilines on the surface of Bi(III)nitrate-Al2O3. The reaction seems to proceed via β-oxygenation of Bi(III) enolised chalcones followed by Michael addition and heteroannulation with simultaneous retro aldol disproportionation. The presence of the ring-activating groups at ortho and para positions in the aniline seems to be essential for the reaction.Key words: 1,2,4,6-tetraryl-1,4-dihydropyridines, chalcones, substituted anilines, Bi(III) nitrate-alumina catalyst.
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Moonen NNP, Pomerantz WC, Gist R, Boudon C, Gisselbrecht JP, Kawai T, Kishioka A, Gross M, Irie M, Diederich F. Donor-Substituted Cyanoethynylethenes: π-Conjugation and Band-Gap Tuning in Strong Charge-Transfer Chromophores. Chemistry 2005; 11:3325-41. [PMID: 15798969 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An extensive series of silyl-protected cyanoethynylethenes (CEEs) and N,N-dimethylanilino donor-substituted CEEs have been synthesized. More extended chromophores were constructed by selective silyl deprotection and subsequent oxidative acetylenic coupling. The strong electron-accepting nature of the CEEs was revealed by a combination of 13C NMR spectroscopic and electrochemistry measurements. Donor-substituted CEEs display strong intramolecular charge-transfer (CT) character, resulting in intense, bathochromically shifted CT bands in the UV/Vis spectrum. Their structural diversity establishes them as suitable models for the study of pi-conjugation and band gap tuning in strong charge-transfer chromophores. The extent of pi-conjugation in the donor-substituted CEEs was investigated by a combination of ground-state techniques, such as X-ray crystallography, electrochemistry, B3 LYP calculations, and NMR spectroscopy. The comparison of these ground-state results with the features observed in the UV/Vis spectra reveals that-contrary to expectations-more extensive pi-conjugation can lead to larger band gaps in molecules with strong donor and acceptor moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle N P Moonen
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH-Hönggerberg, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Detty MR, Gibson SL, Hilf R. Comparison of the dark and light-induced toxicity of thio and seleno analogues of the thiopyrylium dye AA1. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:2589-96. [PMID: 15110840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2004] [Accepted: 03/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
2,6-Bis(4-anilino)-4-(4-N,N-dimethylanilino)thiopyrylium chloride (AA1) and -selenopyrylium chloride (AA1-Se) and 2,6-bis(4-anilino)-4-(4-N-morpholinophenyl)thiopyrylium chloride (1) and -selenopyrylium chloride (2) were prepared via the addition of 4-N,N-dimethylanilino magnesium bromide and 4-N-morpholinophenyl magnesium bromide to chalcogenopyranones 3 followed by treatment with HCl gas then water. Cellular uptake of these dyes varied from 12+/-3fmol/cell for AA1 to 150+/-40 fmol/cell for AA1-Se. upon exposure to 5 x 10(-5) M solutions of the dyes for 3 h. Exposure of cell cultures to 1.8 J/cm2) of 360-750-nm light following incubation with 1 x 10(-6) M of either AA1, 1, or 2 for 24h resulted in no significant additional phototoxicity while AA1-Se showed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in cell viability from 81% to 46%. Thiopyrylium dyes AA1 and 1 showed significant dark toxicity relative to selenopyrylium dyes AA1-Se and 2, respectively. AA1 was the only one of the four dyes to show inhibition of whole-cell mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity in the dark. Irradiation of whole cells or mitochondrial suspensions treated with AA1, AA1-Se, or 2 gave inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity. Studies of JC-1-efflux indicated that all four cationic dyes accelerated the loss of JC-1 from the mitochondria, which suggests that all four dyes target the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Detty
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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Chinchilla R, Nájera C, Yus M. Metalated Heterocycles and Their Applications in Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Chem Rev 2004; 104:2667-722. [PMID: 15137804 DOI: 10.1021/cr020101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Chinchilla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
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Mugesh G, Panda A, Kumar S, Apte SD, Singh HB, Butcher RJ. Intramolecularly Coordinated Diorganyl Ditellurides: Thiol Peroxidase-like Antioxidants. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om010759z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Govindasamy Mugesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, 400 076 Mumbai, India, and Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington D.C. 20059
| | - Arunashree Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, 400 076 Mumbai, India, and Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington D.C. 20059
| | - Sangit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, 400 076 Mumbai, India, and Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington D.C. 20059
| | - Sandeep D. Apte
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, 400 076 Mumbai, India, and Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington D.C. 20059
| | - Harkesh B. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, 400 076 Mumbai, India, and Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington D.C. 20059
| | - Ray J. Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, 400 076 Mumbai, India, and Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington D.C. 20059
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Mugesh G, du Mont WW, Sies H. Chemistry of biologically important synthetic organoselenium compounds. Chem Rev 2001; 101:2125-79. [PMID: 11710243 DOI: 10.1021/cr000426w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1247] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Mugesh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technischen Universität, Postfach 3329, D-38023 Braunschweig, Germany
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