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WCK 4873 (INN: Nafithromycin): Structure-Activity relationship (SAR) identifying a novel lactone ketolide with activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) and Streptococcus pyogenes (SPY). RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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2
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Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 3-O-substituted 15-membered azalides possessing 1,2,3-triazole side chains. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 49:128330. [PMID: 34403726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The acquired and intrinsic resistance of bacteria to macrolide antibiotics limits the clinical application of these agents, and thus it is particularly important to discover novel macrolide antibiotics that can be administered to counteract the prevalence of bacterial resistance. In this study, we introduced some active 1,2,3-triazole side chains into the azithromycin at position 3-O, thereby obtaining a number of 3-O-substituted 15-membered azalides. Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these target compounds revealed that the compound 9g possessed the strongest antibacterial activity (MIC = 8-16 μg/mL) against drug-resistant strains and was generally 16- to 32-fold more active than the azithromycin (MIC ≥ 256 μg/mL). Combined analysis of the results of antibacterial activity together with theoretically calculated lipid/water partition coefficients (ClogP) indicated the importance of the chemical nature of the alkyl groups attached to the 1,2,3-triazole side chain in conferring promising antibacterial activity. The findings of molecular docking analyses indicated that compound 9g may bind to the A752 base of 23S rRNA in bacterial ribosome via hydrophobic or electrostatic interactions, resulting in the excellent antibacterial activity of this compound. Furthermore, the data of minimum bactericidal concentration revealed that compounds 9e, 9f, 9g and 9h are excellent bacteriostatic agents. In addition, the study of bactericidal kinetics confirmed that compound 9g is a time- and concentration-dependent agent.
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3
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Bai B, Bi F, Qin Y, Teng Y, Ma S. Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel C-11, C-9 or C-2'-substituted 3-O-descladinosyl-3-ketoclarithromycin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 43:128110. [PMID: 33991629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of 3-O-descladinosyl-3-keto-clarithromycin derivatives, including 11-O-carbamoyl-3-O-descladinosyl-3-keto-clarithromycin derivatives and 2',9(S)-diaryl-3-O-descladinosyl-3-keto-clarithromycin derivatives, were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity. Among them, some derivatives were found to have activity against resistant bacteria strains. In particular, compound 9b showed not only the most significantly improved activity (16 µg/mL) against S. aureus ATCC43300 and S. aureus ATCC31007, which was >16-fold more active than that of CAM and AZM, but also the best activity against S. pneumoniae B1 and S. pyogenes R1, with MIC values of 32 and 32 µg/mL. In addition, compounds 9a, 9c, 9d and 9g exhibited the most effective activity against S. pneumoniae AB11 with MIC values of 32 or 64 µg/mL as well. Unfortunately, 2',9(S)-diaryl-3-O-descladinosyl-3-keto-clarithromycin derivatives failed to exhibit better antibacterial activity than references. It can be seen that the combined modification of the C-3 and C-11 positions of clarithromycin is beneficial to improve activity against resistant bacteria, while the single modification of the C-2'' position is very detrimental to antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfang Bai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Fangchao Bi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yinhui Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuetai Teng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China.
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4
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Qin Y, Song D, Teng Y, Liu X, Zhang P, Zhang N, Zhang N, Chen W, Ma S. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel N11-, C12- and C13-substituted 15-membered homo-aza-clarithromycin derivatives against various resistant bacteria. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:104992. [PMID: 34051415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections are still the main significant problem of public health in the world, and their elimination will greatly rely on the discovery of antibacterial drugs. In the processes of our searching for novel macrolide derivatives with excellent activity against sensitive and resistant bacteria, three series of novel N11-, C12- and C13-substituted 15-membered homo-aza-clarithromycin derivatives were designed and synthesized as Series A, B and C by creatively opening the lactone ring of clarithromycin (CAM), introducing various 4-substituted phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole side chains at the N11, C12 or C13 position of CAM and macrolactonization. The results from their in vitro antibacterial activity demonstrated that compounds 20c, 20d and 20f displayed not only the most potent activity against S. aureus ATCC25923 with the MIC values of 0.5, 0.5 and 0.5 µg/mL, but also greatly improved activity against B. subtilis ATCC9372 with the MIC values of less than or equal to 0.25, 0.25 and 0.25 µg/mL, respectively. In particular, compound 11g exhibited the strongest antibacterial effectiveness against all the tested resistant bacterial strains and had well balanced activity with the MIC values of 4-8 µg/mL. Further study on minimum bactericidal concentration and kinetics confirmed that compound 11g possessed a bacteriostatic effect on bacterial proliferation. Moreover, the results of molecular docking revealed an potential additional binding force between compound 11g and U790 in addition to the normal binding force of macrolide skeleton, which may explain why this compound performed the most potent activity against resistant bacteria. The results of cytotoxic assay indicated that compounds 20c, 20d and 20f were non-toxic to human breast cancer MCF-7 cells at its effective antibacterial concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Di Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yuetai Teng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Xingbang Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Weijin Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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5
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Qin Y, Ma S. Recent Advances in the Development of Macrolide Antibiotics as Antimicrobial Agents. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:601-625. [PMID: 31868146 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666191223160942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The chemical modification of natural products has been a major method in the discovery and synthesis of new macrolide antibiotics (MA) to treat a variety of infectious diseases. However, a lot of MA obtained in the above methods are no longer effective, because the bacteria quickly develop their resistance to these new macrolides, which has become a great threat to successful treatment of infectious diseases, such as infections of the respiratory system and urinary system. In this paper, total synthetic methods for MA that include erythromycin A (ERY), azithromycin (AZM), the clinical candidate solithromycin (CEM-101), as well as 14-membered and 15-membered azaketolides have been systematically reviewed on the basis of the literature reported previously. The total synthetic methods we describe here helps to accelerate the discovery of newer MA to deal with the serious problem of bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
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6
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A novel series of 11-O-carbamoyl-3-O-descladinosyl clarithromycin derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole group: Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of novel 15-membered 11a-azahomoclarithromycin derivatives with the 1, 2, 3-triazole side chain. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 180:321-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Mal K, Chatterjee S, Bhaumik A, Mukhopadhyay C. Mesoporous MCM‐41 Silica Supported Pyridine Nanoparticle: A Highly Efficient, Recyclable Catalyst for Expeditious Synthesis of Quinoline Derivatives through Domino Approach. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Mal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Calcutta 92 APC Road Kolkata-700009 India
| | - Sauvik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials ScienceIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur Kolkata 700 032 India
| | - Asim Bhaumik
- Department of Materials ScienceIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur Kolkata 700 032 India
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9
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Dinos GP. The macrolide antibiotic renaissance. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:2967-2983. [PMID: 28664582 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrolides represent a large family of protein synthesis inhibitors of great clinical interest due to their applicability to human medicine. Macrolides are composed of a macrocyclic lactone of different ring sizes, to which one or more deoxy-sugar or amino sugar residues are attached. Macrolides act as antibiotics by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit and interfering with protein synthesis. The high affinity of macrolides for bacterial ribosomes, together with the highly conserved structure of ribosomes across virtually all of the bacterial species, is consistent with their broad-spectrum activity. Since the discovery of the progenitor macrolide, erythromycin, in 1950, many derivatives have been synthesised, leading to compounds with better bioavailability and acid stability and improved pharmacokinetics. These efforts led to the second generation of macrolides, including well-known members such as azithromycin and clarithromycin. Subsequently, in order to address increasing antibiotic resistance, a third generation of macrolides displaying improved activity against many macrolide resistant strains was developed. However, these improvements were accompanied with serious side effects, leading to disappointment and causing many researchers to stop working on macrolide derivatives, assuming that this procedure had reached the end. In contrast, a recent published breakthrough introduced a new chemical platform for synthesis and discovery of a wide range of diverse macrolide antibiotics. This chemical synthesis revolution, in combination with reduction in the side effects, namely, 'Ketek effects', has led to a macrolide renaissance, increasing the hope for novel and safe therapeutic agents to combat serious human infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Dinos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Zhao ZH, Jin LL, Xu YP, Liu C, Wang AP, Lei PS. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of some novel 17, 18-unsaturated carbonyl compounds derivated from josamycin. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:358-387. [PMID: 28276768 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2016.1194834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Some novel josamycin derivatives bearing an arylalkyl-type side chain were designed and synthesized. By HWE or Wittig reaction, 16-aldehyde group of josamycin analogs were converted into unsaturated carbonyl compounds. They were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activities against a panel of respiratory pathogens. 8b and 8e exhibited comparable activities against a panel of respiratory pathogens, especially to resistant ones in the series of desmycarosyl josamycin analogs. Among of all the target molecules, 21 showed the best antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Hui Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica , Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Long-Long Jin
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica , Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Yan-Peng Xu
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica , Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Chao Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica , Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - A-Peng Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica , Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Ping-Sheng Lei
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Materia Medica , Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100050 , China
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11
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Yan M, Ma R, Jia L, Venter H, Ma S. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 3-O-descladinosylazithromycin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 127:874-884. [PMID: 27836198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Novel series of novel 3-O-arylalkylcarbamoyl descladinosylazithromycin derivatives with the 2'-O-acetyl and 11,12-cyclic carbonate groups, the 11,12-cyclic carbonate group and the 11-O-arylalkylcarbamoyl side chain, and 2'-O-arylalkylcarbamoyl descladinosylazithromycin with the 11,12-cyclic carbonate group were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activity using broth microdilution method. The results showed that the majority of the target compounds showed moderate to favorable activity against six kinds of susceptible strains and almost all of them displayed significantly improved activity compared with references against three erythromycin-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae B1 expressing the ermB gene, S. pneumoniae AB11 expressing the ermB and mefA genes, and S. pyogenes R1. In particular, compound 6h exhibited the most potent activity against susceptible B. subtilis ATCC9372 (0.5 μg/mL), penicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (0.125 μg/mL), and erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae B1 (1 μg/mL) and S. pneumoniae AB11 (1 μg/mL), which were 2-, 2-, 256-, 256-fold better activity than azithromycin, respectively. Additionally, compounds 6f (0.5 μg/mL) and 6g (0.25 μg/mL) were the most active against S. pneumoniae A22072, which were 8- and 16-fold better activity than azithromycin (4 μg/mL). As for erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes R1, compound 5a presented the most excellent activity (8 μg/mL), showing 32- and 32-fold higher activity than azithromycin (256 μg/mL) and clarithromycin (256 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Yan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ruixin Ma
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Li Jia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Henrietta Venter
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China.
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12
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Chellat MF, Raguž L, Riedl R. Targeting Antibiotic Resistance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6600-26. [PMID: 27000559 PMCID: PMC5071768 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Finding strategies against the development of antibiotic resistance is a major global challenge for the life sciences community and for public health. The past decades have seen a dramatic worldwide increase in human-pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to one or multiple antibiotics. More and more infections caused by resistant microorganisms fail to respond to conventional treatment, and in some cases, even last-resort antibiotics have lost their power. In addition, industry pipelines for the development of novel antibiotics have run dry over the past decades. A recent world health day by the World Health Organization titled "Combat drug resistance: no action today means no cure tomorrow" triggered an increase in research activity, and several promising strategies have been developed to restore treatment options against infections by resistant bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu F Chellat
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Luka Raguž
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
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13
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 11-[3-[(arylcarbamoyl)oxy]propylamino]-11-deoxy-6-O-methyl-3-oxoerythromycin A 11-N,12-O-cyclic carbamate derivatives. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2016; 69:811-817. [PMID: 27118243 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 11-[3-[(arylcarbamoyl)oxy]propylamino]-11-deoxy-6-O-methyl-3-oxoerythromycin A 11-N,12-O-cyclic carbamate derivatives (6a-h) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activities in vitro. Most of these compounds had significant antibacterial activity against two groups of pathogens of Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MIC50=0.031-2 μg ml-1) except 6g and Methicillin-sensitive S. epidermidis (MIC50=0.031-0.5 μg ml-1). MIC90 of 6d against Methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis was at least 16-fold better than that of erythromycin (EMA), azithromycin (AZM) and ABT-773. 6d and 6e had more potent antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae than EMA, AZM and ABT-773. In particular, compounds 6d and 6e also showed relatively potent activity against Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus hemolyticus.
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu F. Chellat
- Institut für Chemie und Biotechnologie, FS Organische Chemie und Medizinalchemie; Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW); Einsiedlerstrasse 31 CH-8820 Wädenswil Schweiz
| | - Luka Raguž
- Institut für Chemie und Biotechnologie, FS Organische Chemie und Medizinalchemie; Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW); Einsiedlerstrasse 31 CH-8820 Wädenswil Schweiz
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Institut für Chemie und Biotechnologie, FS Organische Chemie und Medizinalchemie; Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW); Einsiedlerstrasse 31 CH-8820 Wädenswil Schweiz
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15
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Chen D, Feng J, Huang L, Zhang Q, Wu J, Zhu X, Duan Y, Xu Z. Identification and characterization of a new erythromycin biosynthetic gene cluster in Actinopolyspora erythraea YIM90600, a novel erythronolide-producing halophilic actinomycete isolated from salt field. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108129. [PMID: 25250723 PMCID: PMC4176971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythromycins (Ers) are clinically potent macrolide antibiotics in treating pathogenic bacterial infections. Microorganisms capable of producing Ers, represented by Saccharopolyspora erythraea, are mainly soil-dwelling actinomycetes. So far, Actinopolyspora erythraea YIM90600, a halophilic actinomycete isolated from Baicheng salt field, is the only known Er-producing extremophile. In this study, we have reported the draft genome sequence of Ac. erythraea YIM90600, genome mining of which has revealed a new Er biosynthetic gene cluster encoding several novel Er metabolites. This Er gene cluster shares high identity and similarity with the one of Sa. erythraea NRRL2338, except for two absent genes, eryBI and eryG. By correlating genotype and chemotype, the biosynthetic pathways of 3'-demethyl-erythromycin C, erythronolide H (EH) and erythronolide I have been proposed. The formation of EH is supposed to be sequentially biosynthesized via C-6/C-18 epoxidation and C-14 hydroxylation from 6-deoxyerythronolide B. Although an in vitro enzymatic activity assay has provided limited evidence for the involvement of the cytochrome P450 oxidase EryFAc (derived from Ac. erythraea YIM90600) in the catalysis of a two-step oxidation, resulting in an epoxy moiety, the attempt to construct an EH-producing Sa. erythraea mutant via gene complementation was not successful. Characterization of EryKAc (derived from Ac. erythraea YIM90600) in vitro has confirmed its unique role as a C-12 hydroxylase, rather than a C-14 hydroxylase of the erythronolide. Genomic characterization of the halophile Ac. erythraea YIM90600 will assist us to explore the great potential of extremophiles, and promote the understanding of EH formation, which will shed new insights into the biosynthesis of Er metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Huzhou Center of Bio-synthetic Innovation, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huzhou, China
| | - Junyin Feng
- Huzhou Center of Bio-synthetic Innovation, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huzhou, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Huzhou Center of Bio-synthetic Innovation, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huzhou, China
| | - Jiequn Wu
- Huzhou Center of Bio-synthetic Innovation, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiangcheng Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Natural Product Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanwen Duan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Natural Product Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhinan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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16
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of a series of novel 9-O-acetyl- 4′-substituted 16-membered macrolides derived from josamycin. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:480-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Ajito K, Miura T, Furuuchi T, Tamura A. Sixteen-Membered Macrolides: Chemical Modifications and Future Applications. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-13-785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Li K, Chen J, Li J, Chen Y, Qu J, Guo X, Chen C, Chen B. One-Pot Synthesis of 4-Substituted 1H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-c]quinolines Through CuO-Promoted Tandem Cyclization Reactions of (E)-3-(2-Bromoaryl)-1-arylprop-2-en-1-ones with Sodium Azide. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Jiang JW, Sun Y, Nie Y, Zhi HJ, Zhang XJ, Li X, Sun HP, You QD. Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of a novel series of 10-hydroxyl ketolide derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3452-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Sugimoto T, Tanikawa T, Suzuki K, Yamasaki Y. Synthesis and structure–activity relationship of a novel class of 15-membered macrolide antibiotics known as ‘11a-azalides’. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:5787-801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Revised: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 6-O-(heteroaryl-isoxazolyl)propynyl 2-fluoro ketolides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5739-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Zheng L, Wang J. Direct Oxidative Coupling of Arenes with Olefins by Rh-Catalyzed CH Activation in Air: Observation of a Strong Cooperation of the Acid. Chemistry 2012; 18:9699-704. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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McCusker KP, Fujimori DG. The chemistry of peptidyltransferase center-targeted antibiotics: enzymatic resistance and approaches to countering resistance. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:64-72. [PMID: 22208312 DOI: 10.1021/cb200418f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The continued ability to treat bacterial infections requires effective antibiotics. The development of new therapeutics is guided by knowledge of the mechanisms of action of and resistance to these antibiotics. Continued efforts to understand and counteract antibiotic resistance mechanisms at a molecular level have the potential to direct development of new therapeutic strategies in addition to providing insight into the underlying biochemical functions impacted by antibiotics. The interaction of antibiotics with the peptidyltransferase center and adjacent exit tunnel within the bacterial ribosome is the predominant mechanism by which antibiotics impede translation, thus stalling growth. Resistance enzymes catalyze the chemical modification of the RNA that composes these functional regions, leading to diminished binding of antibiotics. This review discusses recent advances in the elucidation of chemical mechanisms underlying resistance and driving the development of new antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P. McCusker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 600 16th St, MC2280, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Danica Galonić Fujimori
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 600 16th St, MC2280, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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24
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Song QL, Guo BQ, Zhang W, Lan P, Sun PH, Chen WM. Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel ketolides bearing an aryltetrazolyl-substituted alkyl side chain. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2011; 64:571-81. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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26
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Fajdetić A, Vinter A, Paljetak HČ, Padovan J, Jakopović IP, Kapić S, Alihodžić S, Filić D, Modrić M, Košutić-Hulita N, Antolović R, Schoenfeld ZI, Mutak S, Eraković Haber V, Spaventi R. Synthesis, activity and pharmacokinetics of novel antibacterial 15-membered ring macrolones. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:3388-97. [PMID: 21600677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic properties of a novel class of macrolide antibiotics-macrolones-derived from azithromycin, comprising oxygen atom(s) in the linker and either free or esterified quinolone 3-carboxylic group, are reported. Selected compounds showed excellent antibacterial potency towards key erythromycin resistant respiratory pathogens. However, the majority of compounds lacked good bioavailability. The isopropyl ester, compound 35, and a macrolone derivative with an elongated linker 29 showed the best oral bioavailability in rats, both accompanied with an excellent overall microbiology profile addressing inducible and constitutive MLSb as well as efflux mediated macrolide resistance in streptococci, while compound 29 is more potent against staphylococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fajdetić
- GlaxoSmithKline Research Center Zagreb Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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27
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Stone MT. An Improved Larock Synthesis of Quinolines via a Heck Reaction of 2-Bromoanilines and Allylic Alcohols. Org Lett 2011; 13:2326-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200579a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Stone
- Department of Chemistry and Novartis Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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28
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Liang JH, Dong LJ, Wang YY, Yao GW, An MM, Wang R. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 2, 3-dehydro-3-O-(3-aryl-E-prop-2-enyl)-10, 11-anhydroclarithromycin derivatives. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2011; 64:333-7. [PMID: 21364596 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An allyl group was attached to 3-keto function of ketolides in the presence of allyl bromide and KOtBu. Consequently, the Heck reaction of the resulting 2, 3-dehydro-3-O-allyl-10, 11-anhydroclarithromycin derivatives, in the presence of palladium (II) acetate and tri(o-tolyl)phosphine, afforded a 3-O-(3-aryl-E-prop-2-enyl) sidechain, not the previously reported 3-O-(3-aryl-Z-prop-1-enyl) sidechain. The results suggested that some steric factors in β-hydrogen elimination might regulate the isomerization. The activity of 2, 3-dehydro-3-O-(3-aryl-E-prop-2-enyl)-10, 11-anhydroclarithromycin derivatives was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Liang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
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29
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Miura T, Kanemoto K, Ajito K. Chemical Transformation of Lactone Starting from 16-Membered Macrolides, Leucomycins, and Generation of Novel Azalides. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2011. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.69.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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30
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Abstract
Natural product biosynthetic pathways have evolved enzymes with myriad activities that represent an expansive array of chemical transformations for constructing secondary metabolites. Recently, harnessing the biosynthetic potential of these enzymes through chemoenzymatic synthesis has provided a powerful tool that often rivals the most sophisticated methodologies in modern synthetic chemistry and provides new opportunities for accessing chemical diversity. Herein, we describe our research efforts with enzymes from a broad collection of biosynthetic systems, highlighting recent progress in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Mortison
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - David H. Sherman
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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31
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of C-12 pyrazolinyl spiro ketolides. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:5943-9. [PMID: 20970894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of C-12 pyrazolinyl spiro ketolide derivatives were designed and synthesized. The C-12 modifications involved replacing the natural C-12 methyl group in clarithromycin core with different pyrazolinyl spiros via chemical synthesis. Potential anti-bacterial activities against both erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant bacteria were reported.
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32
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Revisiting the structures of several antibiotics bound to the bacterial ribosome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:17158-63. [PMID: 20876130 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1008685107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens reinforces the need for structures of antibiotic-ribosome complexes that are accurate enough to enable the rational design of novel ribosome-targeting therapeutics. Structures of many antibiotics in complex with both archaeal and eubacterial ribosomes have been determined, yet discrepancies between several of these models have raised the question of whether these differences arise from species-specific variations or from experimental problems. Our structure of chloramphenicol in complex with the 70S ribosome from Thermus thermophilus suggests a model for chloramphenicol bound to the large subunit of the bacterial ribosome that is radically different from the prevailing model. Further, our structures of the macrolide antibiotics erythromycin and azithromycin in complex with a bacterial ribosome are indistinguishable from those determined of complexes with the 50S subunit of Haloarcula marismortui, but differ significantly from the models that have been published for 50S subunit complexes of the eubacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. Our structure of the antibiotic telithromycin bound to the T. thermophilus ribosome reveals a lactone ring with a conformation similar to that observed in the H. marismortui and D. radiodurans complexes. However, the alkyl-aryl moiety is oriented differently in all three organisms, and the contacts observed with the T. thermophilus ribosome are consistent with biochemical studies performed on the Escherichia coli ribosome. Thus, our results support a mode of macrolide binding that is largely conserved across species, suggesting that the quality and interpretation of electron density, rather than species specificity, may be responsible for many of the discrepancies between the models.
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33
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6-Alkylquinolone-3-carboxylic acid tethered to macrolides synthesis and antimicrobial profile. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6569-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Hutinec A, Đerek M, Lazarevski G, Šunjić V, Paljetak HČ, Alihodžić S, Haber VE, Dumić M, Maršić N, Mutak S. Novel 8a-aza-8a-homoerythromycin—4″-(3-substituted-amino)propionates with broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3244-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Liang JH, Wang YY, Wang H, Li XL, An K, Xu YC, Yao GW. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of a novel alkylide: 3-O-(3-aryl-2-propargyl) and 3-O-(3-aryl-2-propenyl)clarithromycin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2880-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Xu P, Liu L, Chen XZ, Li Y, Liu J, Jin ZP, Wang GQ, Lei PS. Synthesis of novel macrolide derivatives with imidazo[4,5-b]pyridinyl sulfur contained alkyl side chains and their antibacterial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4079-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Revised: 05/31/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Huang SX, Zhao LX, Tang SK, Jiang CL, Duan Y, Shen B. Erythronolides H and I, new erythromycin congeners from a new halophilic actinomycete Actinopolyspora sp. YIM90600. Org Lett 2009; 11:1353-6. [PMID: 19228040 PMCID: PMC4123550 DOI: 10.1021/ol900143j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Erythronolides H and I, novel congeners of the clinically important antibacterial drug erythromycin A, have been isolated from the new halophilic actinomycete Actinopolyspora sp. YIM90600. In addition to producing the new erythromycin congeners, A. sp. YIM90600 produces erythromycin C in a high titer. The presence of the C-14 hydroxyl moiety and the C-6/C-18-epoxide in erythronolide H and the spiroketal moiety of erythronolide I sheds new insights into structural diversity of erythromycin analog libraries potentially accessible by combinatorial biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Xiong Huang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA
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38
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Synthesis of 3,6-bicyclolides: a novel class of macrolide antibiotics. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:6315-8. [PMID: 18996692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of 3,6-bicyclolides from erythromycin A oxime is described. This novel class of bridged bicyclic macrolides demonstrates potent in vitro and in vivo activities against a broad spectrum of bacteria including resistant respiratory tract pathogens.
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39
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Pandey D, Haq W, Katti SB. New acylides: synthesis of 3-O-[gamma-(4-oxo-2-aryl-thiazolidin-3-yl)butyryl]erythromycin A derivatives. Beilstein J Org Chem 2008; 4:14. [PMID: 18941486 PMCID: PMC2486485 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.4.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In search of new erythromycin derivatives 3-O-[γ-(4-oxo-2-aryl-thiazolidin-3-yl)butyryl]erythromycin A derivatives have been synthesized. The 3-hydroxy group was derivatised to a primary amine and subsequently the thiazolidinone nucleus was generated at the amino functionality through DCC mediated one-pot three-component reaction in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Pandey
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 001 India.
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40
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Butler MS. Natural products to drugs: natural product-derived compounds in clinical trials. Nat Prod Rep 2008; 25:475-516. [PMID: 18497896 DOI: 10.1039/b514294f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural product and natural product-derived compounds that are being evaluated in clinical trials or are in registration (as at 31st December 2007) have been reviewed, as well as natural product-derived compounds for which clinical trials have been halted or discontinued since 2005. Also discussed are natural product-derived drugs launched since 2005, new natural product templates and late-stage development candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Butler
- MerLion Pharmaceuticals, 1 Science Park Road, The Capricorn 05-01, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117528.
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41
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Design and synthesis of novel leucomycin analogues modified at the C-3 position. Part II: 3-O-(3-Aryl-2-propenyl)leucomycin analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:4401-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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Mother Nature's gifts to diseases of man: the impact of natural products on anti-infective, anticholestemics and anticancer drug discovery. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2007; 65:1, 3-44. [PMID: 18084912 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7643-8117-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This chapter is designed to demonstrate that compounds derived from nature are still in the forefront of drug discovery in diseases such as microbial and parasitic infections, carcinomas of many types and control of cholesterol/lipids in man. In each disease area we have provided short discussions of past, present and future agents, in general only considering compounds currently in clinical Phase II or later, that were/are derived from nature's chemical skeletons. Finishing with a discussion of the current and evolving role(s) of microbes (bacteria and fungi) in the production of old and new agents ostensibly produced by higher organisms.
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43
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von Nussbaum F, Brands M, Hinzen B, Weigand S, Häbich D. Antibacterial natural products in medicinal chemistry--exodus or revival? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 45:5072-129. [PMID: 16881035 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 467] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
To create a drug, nature's blueprints often have to be improved through semisynthesis or total synthesis (chemical postevolution). Selected contributions from industrial and academic groups highlight the arduous but rewarding path from natural products to drugs. Principle modification types for natural products are discussed herein, such as decoration, substitution, and degradation. The biological, chemical, and socioeconomic environments of antibacterial research are dealt with in context. Natural products, many from soil organisms, have provided the majority of lead structures for marketed anti-infectives. Surprisingly, numerous "old" classes of antibacterial natural products have never been intensively explored by medicinal chemists. Nevertheless, research on antibacterial natural products is flagging. Apparently, the "old fashioned" natural products no longer fit into modern drug discovery. The handling of natural products is cumbersome, requiring nonstandardized workflows and extended timelines. Revisiting natural products with modern chemistry and target-finding tools from biology (reversed genomics) is one option for their revival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz von Nussbaum
- Bayer HealthCare AG, Medicinal Chemistry Europe, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.
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44
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Xu P, Liu L, Jin Z, Lei P. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of derivatives of 6-O-allylic acylides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:3330-4. [PMID: 17459704 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Revised: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel acylide derivatives have been synthesized from erythromycin A via a facile procedure. By applying this procedure, cyclic carbonation to C-11,12 position, acylation to C-3 hydroxyl, and deprotection provided the desired acylides. These compounds showed antibacterial activity against both macrolide-susceptible strains and macrolide-resistant strains. Because of existence of 6-O-allyl substitution, these derivatives can be used as intermediates for further structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactivity Substance and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medica College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, PR China
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45
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Alihodzic S, Fajdetic A, Kobrehel G, Lazarevski G, Mutak S, Pavlovic D, Stimac V, Cipcic H, Kramaric MD, Erakovic V, Hasenöhrl A, Marsic N, Schoenfeld W. Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Isomeric 15-Membered Azalides. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2006; 59:753-69. [PMID: 17323642 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2006.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-keto and 3-O-acyl derivatives of both 6-O-alkyl-8a-aza-8a-homoerythromycin A and 6-O-alkyl-9a-aza-9a-homo-erythromycin A were synthesised and tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Derivatives of 8a-aza-8a-homoerythromycin A have potent antibacterial activity against not only azithromycin-susceptible strains, but also efflux (M) and inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (iMLSB) resistant Gram-positive pathogens, while the corresponding 9a-isomers were less active. Introduction of an additional ring such as 11,12-cyclic carbonate reduced antibacterial activity of both series. 3-Keto and 3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)-acetyl derivatives of 6-O-methyl-8a-aza-8a-homo-erythromycin A show typical macrolide pharmacokinetics in preliminary in vivo studies in mice, and their in vivo efficacy is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulejman Alihodzic
- GSK Research Centre Zagreb Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovica 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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46
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von Nussbaum F, Brands M, Hinzen B, Weigand S, Häbich D. Antibakterielle Naturstoffe in der medizinischen Chemie – Exodus oder Renaissance? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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47
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Esteban J, Costa AM, Cruzado MC, Faja M, García P, Vilarrasa J. Clarithromycin–adenine and related conjugates. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Nomura T, Iwaki T, Narukawa Y, Uotani K, Hori T, Miwa H. A new type of ketolide bearing an N-aryl-alkyl acetamide moiety at the C-9 iminoether: synthesis and structure-activity relationships. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:3697-711. [PMID: 16460944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Revised: 01/11/2006] [Accepted: 01/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new type of ketolide bearing an N-aryl-alkyl acetamide moiety at the C-9 iminoether and its analogues were prepared, and their antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated. We found that the introduction of an (R)-alkyl group between the amide and iminoether groups could improve the pharmacokinetic properties while maintaining the activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Among the ketolides prepared with the (R)-alkyl group, compound 5p with an N-(3-quinoxalin-6-yl-propyl)-propionamide moiety was found to have in vivo efficacy comparable to CAM with potent in vitro antibacterial activities against the key respiratory pathogens including Haemophilus influenzae and erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nomura
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 12-4, Sagisu 5-chome, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0002, Japan.
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Grant EB, Guiadeen D, Abbanat D, Foleno BD, Bush K, Macielag MJ. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 6-O-heteroarylcarbamoyl-11,12-lactoketolides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:1929-33. [PMID: 16446089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2005] [Accepted: 12/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A new series of erythromycin A derivatives, the 6-O-heteroarylcarbamoyl-11,12-lactoketolides, with activity against macrolide-resistant streptococci, are described. Structurally, these macrolide antibiotics are characterized by a heteroaryl side chain attached to the macrolactone core through a carbamate linkage at the C6 position, as well as 11,12-gamma-lactone and 3-keto functionalities. The synthesis and antibacterial activity of this new series of ketolides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene B Grant
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C., 1000 Route 202, PO Box 300, Raritan, NJ 08869, USA.
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Nomura T, Yasukata T, Narukawa Y, Uotani K. 9-Oxime-3-ketolides: Modification at the C-11,12-diol moiety and antibacterial activities against key respiratory pathogens. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:6054-63. [PMID: 15994088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2005] [Revised: 06/03/2005] [Accepted: 06/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the search for new types of ketolide antibiotics active against key respiratory pathogens including erythromycin-resistant strains, we conducted an extensive study on the modification at the C-11,12-diol moiety of 9-oxime-3-ketolide derivatives. Among the derivatives prepared, compound 6 with carbonate at the C-11,12 position was found to have potent antibacterial activities against erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as well as other erythromycin-susceptible strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nomura
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co. Ltd., 12-4, Sagisu 5-chome, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0002, Japan.
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