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Reihani N, Kiyani H. Three-component Synthesis of 4-Arylidene-3-alkylisoxazol-5(4H)-ones in the Presence of Potassium 2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-1-ide. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210212120517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of 4-arylidene-3-alkylisoxazole-5(4H)-ones has been implemented
via the three-component cyclocondensation of aryl(heteroaryl)aldehydes with hydroxylamine
hydrochloride and β-ketoesters. The potassium 2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-1-ide has
been introduced as the new organocatalyst to facilitate this heterocyclization. In the current
process, three starting materials, including substituted benzaldehydes/heterocyclic aromatic
aldehydes, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and ethyl acetoacetate/propyl acetoacetate/butyryl
acetoacetate have been successfully used to synthesize the number of substituted isoxazole-
5(4H)-ones in good to high yields in ethylene glycol as a green reaction medium at 80 ºC. The
low catalyst loading is also a main advantage over some reported catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Reihani
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan,Iran
| | - Hamzeh Kiyani
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan,Iran
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Damghani FK, Kiyani H, Pourmousavi SA. Green Three-component Synthesis of Merocyanin Dyes Based on 4- Arylideneisoxazol-5(4H)-ones. CURRENT GREEN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213346107666200122093906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot three-component reaction promoted by choline chloride: zinc(II) chloride deepeutectic
solvent (ChCl-ZnCl2 DES) in an aqueous medium for the synthesis of several merocyanin
dyes based on isoxazol-5(4H)-ones is presented. This three-component approach is efficient, clean,
experimentally simple, convenient, safe, and environmentally friendly. This reaction was performed at
room temperature without using energy sources such as heat, microwave and ultrasound waves. Nonuse
of toxic solvents, available materials, one-vessel, no wasted reagents, simple preparation, and recyclability
of DES are other important points of this method that is significant from the perspective of
green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamzeh Kiyani
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
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Expeditious green synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted isoxazole-5(4H)-ones catalyzed by nano-MgO. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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The stereoselective synthesis of highly functionalized tertiary 3-aminoindoles/anilines or dihydropyrroles from C-(3-indolyl)-N-aryl and C,N-diaryl nitrones. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Kvaskoff D, Wentrup C. Thioketenes and Iminopropadienethiones RN=C=C=C=S from Isoxazolones. Aust J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/ch10340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Isoxazolones 6 undergo thermal elimination of propene and isopropylthiol to produce thioketenes 7 at 500–600°C under flash vacuum thermolysis conditions. At 700–900°C further fragmentation occurs to produce iminopropadienethiones, RNCCCS 8. In addition, 3-alkylisoxazolones 6d–e rearrange to cyanothioketenes 10d–e. Compounds 7, 8, and 10 were characterized by Ar matrix IR spectroscopy and comparison with density functional theory-calculated spectra. Thioketenes 7 reacted with amines to afford thioamides 11. Reaction of aryliminopropadienethiones 8 with amines caused cyclization to 2-aminoquinoline-4(1H)-thiones 16.
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Kvaskoff D, Bernhardt PV, Koch R, Wentrup C. Highly Twisted C=C Double Bonds in 4-Methyleneisoxazolones. Aust J Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1071/ch09359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As determined by X-ray crystallography, isoxazol-5(4H)-one derivatives 12–19 feature dihedral angles around the exocyclic C4=C6 double bonds of 26–90°. In the most highly twisted bis-tert-butylamino derivatives 18 and 19, the C4–C6 bonds are essentially single bonds. Density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level with inclusion of a simulated solvent field, which helps stabilize zwitterionic structures, are in good agreement with the experimental crystallographic data. A good correlation between bond lengths and calculated π/π* orbital occupation quotients is observed. A good correlation between the twisting angle and the charge separation, measured by the calculated negative charge on the isoxazolone moiety, is also observed. Low barriers to rotation about the twisted exocyclic double bonds C4=C6 in compounds 13, 20, and 21 (ΔG
‡ = 15–16 kcal mol–1 (63–67 kJ mol–1)) were determined by dynamic 1H NMR coalescence measurements. The rotational barrier for 17 was estimated to be less than 10 kcal mol–1. The rotational barriers for compounds 10 and 18 were calculated to be ~8 kcal mol–1.
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Vicente J, González-Herrero P, Garcı́a-Sánchez Y, Pérez-Cadenas M. 9H-Fluorene-9-carbodithioic acids and dithioates. First isolation and characterization of a gem-enedithiol. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.09.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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8
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9
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Yranzo G, Elguero J, Flammang R, Wentrup C. Formation of Cumulenes, Triple-Bonded, and Related Compounds by Flash Vacuum Thermolysis of Five-Membered Heterocycles. European J Org Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200106)2001:12<2209::aid-ejoc2209>3.0.co;2-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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