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Kelleghan AV, Meza AT, Garg NK. Generation and reactivity of unsymmetrical strained heterocyclic allenes. NATURE SYNTHESIS 2024; 3:329-336. [PMID: 38645473 PMCID: PMC11031199 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-023-00432-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Strained cyclic allenes are short-lived intermediates that confine a functional group with a preferred linear geometry, an allene, into a small ring, inducing strain-driven reactivity. Nitrogen-containing variants, or azacyclic allenes, have proved valuable for the assembly of complex nitrogen-containing compounds. Whereas 3,4-azacyclic allenes, which bear a symmetrical core, have been the focus of multiple studies, their unsymmetrical 2,3-azacyclic counterparts have remained underexplored. In the present study, we report density functional theory studies investigating the structure of such unsymmetrical azacyclic allenes and experimental efforts to access and engage them in strain-promoted cycloadditions under mild conditions. Control experiments support either concerted or stepwise diradical mechanisms for these reactions, depending on the type of cycloaddition examined. Moreover, we generate the corresponding 2,3-oxacyclic allene and demonstrate its reactivity in cycloadditions and a metal-catalysed process. Given the scaffolds accessed, coupled with the observed selectivity trends, these results are expected to encourage the application of unsymmetrical heterocyclic allenes for the synthesis of heterocycles that bear a high fraction of sp3-hybridized atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew V Kelleghan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arismel Tena Meza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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2
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Matsumura T, Nishikawa T, Nakazaki A. Total Synthesis of 19-Nordigitoxigenin, An Antiaroside Y Aglycon. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15142-15150. [PMID: 37824414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of 19-nordigitoxigenin, an aglycon of antiroside Y, has been achieved. The key steps of our synthesis are (i) construction of the 19-norsteroid ring system via a Mizoroki-Heck reaction between a bromoanisole corresponding to the A-ring and cyclic alkene incorporating the CD-rings, followed by a Friedel-Crafts-type cyclodehydration, and (ii) incorporation of the butenolide moiety at C17 via a silyl-tethered radical cyclization and subsequent ozone oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Matsumura
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Toshio Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Atsuo Nakazaki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Japan
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3
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Baussière F, Haugland MM. Radical Group Transfer of Vinyl and Alkynyl Silanes Driven by Photoredox Catalysis. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12451-12463. [PMID: 37581630 PMCID: PMC10476183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Radical group transfer is a powerful tool for the formation of C-C bonds. These processes typically involve radical addition to C-C π bonds, followed by fragmentation of the resulting cyclic intermediate. Despite the advantageous lability of organosilanes in this context, silicon-tethered radical acceptor groups have remained underexplored in radical group transfer reactions. We report a general photoredox-catalyzed protocol for the radical group transfer of vinyl and alkynyl silanes onto sp3 carbons, using activated and unactivated iodides as radical precursors. Our method displays high diastereoselectivity and excellent functional group tolerance, and enables direct formation of group transfer products by in situ ring opening. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the reaction proceeds via an unusual dual catalytic cycle, resulting in an overall redox-neutral process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Baussière
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marius M. Haugland
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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4
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Shuto S. [Medicinal Chemical Studies Based on the Theoretical Design of Bioactive Compounds]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:329-344. [PMID: 32115550 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.19-00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
I have engaged in medicinal chemical studies based on the theoretical design of bioactive compounds. First, I present a three-dimensional structural diversity-oriented conformational restriction strategy for developing bioactive compounds based on the characteristic steric and stereoelectronic features of cyclopropane. Using this strategy, various biologically active small molecule compounds, such as receptor agonists/antagonists and enzyme inhibitors, were effectively developed. The strategy was also applied to develop versatile peptidomimetics and membrane-permeable cyclic peptides. Next, studies on Ca2+-mobilizing second messengers, cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and myo-inositol trisphosphates (IP3), are described. In these studies, stable equivalents of cADPR were developed, since biological studies of cADPR have been limited due to its instability. Various potent IP3 receptor ligands, which were designed using the d-glucose structure as a bioisostere of the myo-inositol moiety of IP3, have been identified. Organic chemistry studies have also been extensively performed, because excellent organic chemistry is essential for promoting high-level medicinal chemical studies. For examples, new methods for the synthesis of chiral cyclopropanes, new radical reactions with silicon tethers, and kinetic anomeric effect-dependent stereoselective glycosidations have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Shuto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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5
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Yao C, Dahmen T, Gansäuer A, Norton J. Anti-Markovnikov alcohols via epoxide hydrogenation through cooperative catalysis. Science 2019; 364:764-767. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The opening of epoxides typically requires electrophilic activation, and subsequent nucleophilic (SN2) attack on the less substituted carbon leads to alcohols with Markovnikov regioselectivity. We describe a cooperative catalysis approach to anti-Markovnikov alcohols by combining titanocene-catalyzed epoxide opening with chromium-catalyzed hydrogen activation and radical reduction. The titanocene enforces the anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity by forming the more highly substituted radical. The chromium catalyst sequentially transfers a hydrogen atom, proton, and electron from molecular hydrogen, avoiding a hydride transfer to the undesired site and resulting in 100% atom economy. Each step of the interconnected catalytic cycles was confirmed separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbo Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Tobias Dahmen
- Dottikon Exclusive Synthesis AG, Hembrunnstrasse 17, 5605 Dottikon, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jack Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA
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6
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Caputo DFJ, Arroniz C, Dürr AB, Mousseau JJ, Stepan AF, Mansfield SJ, Anderson EA. Synthesis and applications of highly functionalized 1-halo-3-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5295-5300. [PMID: 29997886 PMCID: PMC6001403 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01355a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) are important bioisosteres of 1,4-disubstituted arenes, tert-butyl and acetylenic groups that can impart physicochemical benefits on drug candidates. Here we describe the synthesis of BCPs bearing carbon and halogen substituents under exceptionally mild reaction conditions, via triethylborane-initiated atom-transfer radical addition ring-opening of tricyclo[1.1.1.01,3]pentane (TCP) with alkyl halides. This chemistry displays broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, enabling application to BCP analogues of biologically-relevant targets such as peptides, nucleosides, and pharmaceuticals. The BCP halide products can be converted to the parent phenyl/tert-butyl surrogates through triethylborane-promoted dehalogenation, or to other derivatives including carbonyls, alcohols, and heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri F J Caputo
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Carlos Arroniz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Alexander B Dürr
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton , CT 06340 , USA
| | - Antonia F Stepan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , 600 Main Street , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA
| | - Steven J Mansfield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford , OX1 3TA , UK .
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Haugland MM, El-Sagheer AH, Porter RJ, Peña J, Brown T, Anderson EA, Lovett JE. 2'-Alkynylnucleotides: A Sequence- and Spin Label-Flexible Strategy for EPR Spectroscopy in DNA. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9069-72. [PMID: 27409454 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is a powerful method to elucidate molecular structure through the measurement of distances between conformationally well-defined spin labels. Here we report a sequence-flexible approach to the synthesis of double spin-labeled DNA duplexes, where 2'-alkynylnucleosides are incorporated at terminal and internal positions on complementary strands. Post-DNA synthesis copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions with a variety of spin labels enable the use of double electron-electron resonance experiments to measure a number of distances on the duplex, affording a high level of detailed structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius M Haugland
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.,Chemistry Branch, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University , Suez 43721, Egypt
| | - Rachel J Porter
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Javier Peña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Salamanca , Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Janet E Lovett
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, U.K
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Mohammadi Ziarani G, Hassanzadeh Z, Gholamzadeh P, Asadi S, Badiei A. Advances in click chemistry for silica-based material construction. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26034e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Click chemistry is undoubtedly the most powerful 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shima Asadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Alireza Badiei
- School of Chemistry
- College of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
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9
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Meng FY, Huang SL, Liu YH, Hu Z, Lai G, Luh TY. Stereoselective Formation of Eight-Membered Rings by Radical Cyclization of Silylenedioxy-Tethered Bis-methacrylate Derivatives. J Org Chem 2015; 80:2869-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502947k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Yi Meng
- Key
Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106
| | - Shou-Ling Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106
| | - Ziqiang Hu
- Key
Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | - Guoqiao Lai
- Key
Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | - Tien-Yau Luh
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106
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10
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Luan F, Cordeiro MND, Alonso N, García-Mera X, Caamaño O, Romero-Duran FJ, Yañez M, González-Díaz H. TOPS-MODE model of multiplexing neuroprotective effects of drugs and experimental-theoretic study of new 1,3-rasagiline derivatives potentially useful in neurodegenerative diseases. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1870-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Matsuda A. [Development of highly nuclease-resistant chemically-modified oligonucleotides]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2011; 131:285-98. [PMID: 21297374 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.131.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemical modification of therapeutic oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) is necessary to avoid not only degradation by endo- and exo-nucleases but also recognition by sensors such as an innate immune system. We have been developing modified nucleosides having an aminoalky linker at the pyrimidine nucleobase or sugar moiety. ODNs containing 5-N-(6-aminohexyl)carbamoyl-2'-deoxyuridine (7) were thermally stabilized about 3°C per modification and were about 160 times more stable to hydrolysis by snake venom phosphodiesterase (a 3'-exonuclease) than unmodified ODNs, but not by endonucleases. On the other hand, ODNs containing 4'-C-(aminoethyl)thymidine (14b), which was synthesized by a newly developed radical cyclization-ring-enlargement reaction by us, were 87 times more stable to hydrolysis by DNase I (an endonuclease) and 133 times more stable in 50% human serum than unmodified ODNs. The highly stereoselective synthesis of 4'-thioribonuclesides ((S)Ns) was also developed using a Pummerer reaction. Human thrombin RNA aptamer (CII-1-37) containing 4'-thiouridine and 4'-thiocytidine was obtained by SELEX with a K(d) value of 4.7 nM, while a previously known RNA aptamer (RNA-24) has a K(d) value of 85 nM. Studies of the modification pattern-RNAi activity relationships by using (S)Ns have been carried out against luciferase genes. We found that siRNAs, which have 4 residues of (S)Ns on both ends of the sense strand and 4 residues on the 3'-end of the antisense strand, were the most effective. 4'-ThioRNA is about 1100 times more stable in 50% human plasma than unmodified RNA. However, oligoribonucleotides ((SM)ONs) containing 2'-O-methyl-4'-thioribonucleosides were 9800 times more stable in 50% human plasma than unmodified RNA. Since (SM)ON duplexes were thermally more stable than unmodified ON duplexes, therefore they would be quite suitable to use for oligonucleotide therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsuda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University.
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Prado-Prado F, García-Mera X, Abeijón P, Alonso N, Caamaño O, Yáñez M, Gárate T, Mezo M, González-Warleta M, Muiño L, Ubeira FM, González-Díaz H. Using entropy of drug and protein graphs to predict FDA drug-target network: theoretic-experimental study of MAO inhibitors and hemoglobin peptides from Fasciola hepatica. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1074-94. [PMID: 21315497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There are many drugs described with very different affinity to a large number of receptors. In this work, we selected Drug-Target pairs (DTPs/nDTPs) of drugs with high affinity/non-affinity for different targets like proteins. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) models become a very useful tool in this context to substantially reduce time and resources consuming experiments. Unfortunately, most QSAR models predict activity against only one protein. To solve this problem, we developed here a multi-target QSAR (mt-QSAR) classifier using the MARCH-INSIDE technique to calculate structural parameters of drug and target plus one Artificial Neuronal Network (ANN) to seek the model. The best ANN model found is a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) with profile MLP 32:32-15-1:1. This MLP classifies correctly 623 out of 678 DTPs (Sensitivity = 91.89%) and 2995 out of 3234 nDTPs (Specificity = 92.61%), corresponding to training Accuracy = 92.48%. The validation of the model was carried out by means of external predicting series. The model classifies correctly 313 out of 338 DTPs (Sensitivity = 92.60%) and 1411 out of 1534 nDTP (Specificity = 91.98%) in validation series, corresponding to total Accuracy = 92.09% for validation series (Predictability). This model favorably compares with other LDA and ANN models developed in this work and Machine Learning classifiers published before to address the same problem in different aspects. These mt-QSARs offer also a good opportunity to construct drug-protein Complex Networks (CNs) that can be used to explore large and complex drug-protein receptors databases. Finally, we illustrated two practical uses of this model with two different experiments. In experiment 1, we report prediction, synthesis, characterization, and MAO-A and MAO-B pharmacological assay of 10 rasagiline derivatives promising for anti-Parkinson drug design. In experiment 2, we report sampling, parasite culture, SEC and 1DE sample preparation, MALDI-TOF MS and MS/MS analysis, MASCOT search, MM/MD 3D structure modeling, and QSAR prediction for different peptides of hemoglobin found in the proteome of the human parasite Fasciola hepatica; which is promising for anti-parasite drug targets discovery.
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You HT, Grosse AC, Howard JK, Hyland CJT, Just J, Molesworth PP, Smith JA. Chemoselective reduction of 2-acyl-N-sulfonylpyrroles: Synthesis of 3-pyrrolines and 2-alkylpyrroles. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:3948-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ostaci RV, Damiron D, Al Akhrass S, Grohens Y, Drockenmuller E. Poly(ethylene glycol) brushes grafted to silicon substrates by click chemistry: influence of PEG chain length, concentration in the grafting solution and reaction time. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00251h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Seth PP, Allerson CR, Berdeja A, Siwkowski A, Pallan PS, Gaus H, Prakash TP, Watt AT, Egli M, Swayze EE. An exocyclic methylene group acts as a bioisostere of the 2'-oxygen atom in LNA. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:14942-50. [PMID: 20886816 PMCID: PMC2993159 DOI: 10.1021/ja105875e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We show for the first time that it is possible to obtain LNA-like (Locked Nucleic Acid 1) binding affinity and biological activity with carbocyclic LNA (cLNA) analogs by replacing the 2'-oxygen atom in LNA with an exocyclic methylene group. Synthesis of the methylene-cLNA nucleoside was accomplished by an intramolecular cyclization reaction between a radical at the 2'-position and a propynyl group at the C-4' position. Only methylene-cLNA modified oligonucleotides showed similar thermal stability and mismatch discrimination properties for complementary nucleic acids as LNA. In contrast, the close structurally related methyl-cLNA analogs showed diminished hybridization properties. Analysis of crystal structures of cLNA modified self-complementary DNA decamer duplexes revealed that the methylene group participates in a tight interaction with a 2'-deoxyribose residue of the 5'-terminal G of a neighboring duplex, resulting in the formation of a CH...O type hydrogen bond. This indicates that the methylene group retains a negative polarization at the edge of the minor groove in the absence of a hydrophilic 2'-substituent and provides a rationale for the superior thermal stability of this modification. In animal experiments, methylene-cLNA antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) showed similar in vivo activity but reduced toxicity as compared to LNA ASOs. Our work highlights the interchangeable role of oxygen and unsaturated moieties in nucleic acid structure and emphasizes greater use of this bioisostere to improve the properties of nucleic acids for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punit P Seth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 1891 Rutherford Road, Carlsbad, California 92008, USA.
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Yameen B, Ali M, Álvarez M, Neumann R, Ensinger W, Knoll W, Azzaroni O. A facile route for the preparation of azide-terminated polymers. “Clicking” polyelectrolyte brushes on planar surfaces and nanochannels. Polym Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9py00201d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Duplessis M, Waltz ME, Bencheqroun M, Cardinal-David B, Guindon Y. Stereoselective Quaternary Center Construction via Atom-Transfer Radical Cyclization Using Silicon Tethers on Acyclic Precursors. Org Lett 2009; 11:3148-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ol901126y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Duplessis
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7, Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7, and Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Marie-Eve Waltz
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7, Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7, and Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Mohammed Bencheqroun
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7, Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7, and Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Benoit Cardinal-David
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7, Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7, and Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Yvan Guindon
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Bio-organic Chemistry Laboratory, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2W 1R7, Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7, and Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
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Friestad GK, Jiang T, Fioroni GM. Stereocontrol in radical Mannich equivalents for aminosugar synthesis: haloacetal and 2-(phenylthio)vinyl tethered radical additions to α-hydroxyhydrazones. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Ichikawa S. [Medicinal chemistry targeting nucleosides and nucleic acids based on fine synthetic chemistry]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2008; 128:1403-30. [PMID: 18827462 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.128.1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nucleosides and nucleotides are one of the most important elements for cells by the fact that they are components of DNAs and RNAs. In addition, they play important roles in most fundamental cellular metabolic pathways such as energy donors, second messengers, and cofactors for various enzymes. Therefore, there exists a rich source in drug discovery targeting nucleosides and nucleotides. In order to utilize nucleosides and nucleic acids on the drug development, it is very important to develop reactions and methods, by which the highly coordinating and labile nucleoside intermediates can be used. With these in mind, we have been working on synthetic nucleoside and nucleic acid chemistry. First, branched sugar nucleoside derivatives, which are potential antitumor agents, have been synthesized utilizing samarium diiodide (SmI(2)) mediated Reformatsky reaction or aldol reaction. 3'-beta-Carbamoylmethylcytidine (CAMC) was found to exhibit potent cytotoxicity against various human tumor cell lines. Synthetic methodology of the caprazamycins, which are promising antibacterial nucleoside natural products, was also developed by the strategy including beta-selective ribosylation without using a neighboring group participation. Our synthetic route provided a range of key analogues with partial structures to define the pharmacophore. Simplification of the caprazamycins was further pursued to develop diketopiperazine analogs. Medicinal chemistry of oligodeoxynucleotides has been conducted. Thus, novel triazole-linked dumbbell oligodeoxynucleotides and modular bent oligodeoxynucleotides were synthesized. They exhibit excellent binding affinity to NF-kappaB or HMGB1 A-box protein, which are important therapeutic targets. Therefore, the results obtained conclusively demonstrated these oligodeoxynucleotides could be proposed as powerful decoy molecules.
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Ostaci RV, Damiron D, Capponi S, Vignaud G, Léger L, Grohens Y, Drockenmuller E. Polymer brushes grafted to "passivated" silicon substrates using click chemistry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:2732-2739. [PMID: 18247640 DOI: 10.1021/la703086x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present herein a versatile method for grafting polymer brushes to passivated silicon surfaces based on the Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (click chemistry) of omega-azido polymers and alkynyl-functionalized silicon substrates. First, the "passivation" of the silicon substrates toward polymer adsorption was performed by the deposition of an alkyne functionalized self-assembled monolayer (SAM). Then, three tailor-made omega-azido linear brush precursors, i.e., PEG-N3, PMMA-N3, and PS-N3 (Mn approximately 20,000 g/mol), were grafted to alkyne-functionalized SAMs via click chemistry in tetrahydrofuran. The SAM, PEG, PMMA, and PS layers were characterized by ellipsometry, scanning probe microscopy, and water contact angle measurements. Results have shown that the grafting process follows the scaling laws developed for polymer brushes, with a significant dependence over the weight fraction of polymer in the grafting solution and the grafting time. The chemical nature of the brushes has only a weak influence on the click chemistry grafting reaction and morphologies observed, yielding polymer brushes with thickness of ca. 6 nm and grafting densities of ca. 0.2 chains/nm2. The examples developed herein have shown that this highly versatile and tunable approach can be extended to the grafting of a wide range of polymer (pseudo-) brushes to silicon substrates without changing the tethering strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Viorela Ostaci
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire des Matériaux Polymères et Biomatériaux (IMP/LMPB, UMR CNRS 5223), 15 Boulevard Latarjet, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Ichikawa S. Fine Synthetic Nucleoside Chemistry Based on Nucleoside Natural Products Synthesis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:1059-72. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sakaguchi N, Hirano S, Matsuda A, Shuto S. Radical Reactions with 2-Bromobenzylidene Group, a Protecting/Radical-Translocating Group for the 1,6-Radical Hydrogen Transfer Reaction. Org Lett 2006; 8:3291-4. [PMID: 16836388 DOI: 10.1021/ol061162o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[Structure: see text] The 2-bromobenzylidene group, designed as a novel protecting/radical-translocating (PRT) group, proved to be effective for an unusual 1,6-hydrogen transfer reaction. Using this PRT group, 4-branched ribose derivatives were stereoselectively prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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Ichikawa S, Minakawa N, Shuto S, Tanaka M, Sasaki T, Matsuda A. Synthesis of 3′-β-carbamoylmethylcytidine (CAMC) and its derivatives as potential antitumor agents. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:1284-96. [PMID: 16557317 DOI: 10.1039/b517602f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3'-beta-Carbamoylmethylcytidine (CAMC) and its derivatives were synthesized using an intramolecular Reformatsky-type reaction promoted by SmI2 as the key step. In vitro tumor cell growth inhibitory activity was evaluated and CAMC was found to exhibit potent cytotoxicity against various human tumor cell lines. From a structure-activity relationship study it was postulated that the cytotoxic mechanism of action of CAMC did not require phosphorylation at the 5'-hydroxyl group. This study provides a novel strategy for the development of a new type of antitumor nucleoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ichikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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Sukeda M, Matsuda A, Shuto S. Radical hydrogen abstraction–cyclization with a 2-bromovinylsilyl group as a bifunctional tether. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Simpkins SME, Kariuki BM, Aricó CS, Cox LR. Stereoselective synthesis of beta-(chloro)vinylsilanes using a regio- and (E)-stereoselective bis-stannylation of unsymmetrically substituted butadiynes: application to the synthesis of a masked triyne. Org Lett 2004; 5:3971-4. [PMID: 14535756 DOI: 10.1021/ol035536e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A highly regio- and stereoselective bis-stannylation of unsymmetrically substituted butadiyne 3 provides bis-stannane 4. Selective lithiation of the internal tin residue effects a 1,4-retro-Brook rearrangement to afford vinylsilane 5. This was elaborated into the novel diethynylethene 1, which also functions as a masked triyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M E Simpkins
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Hodgson DM, Miles TJ, Witherington J. Organolithium-induced synthesis of acyclic unsaturated amino alcohols from epoxides of dihydropyrroles and tetrahydropyridines. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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