1
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SAR studies toward discovery of emvododstat (PTC299), a potent dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114826. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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2
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Zhang K, Tran C, Alami M, Hamze A, Provot O. Synthesis and Biological Activities of Pyrazino[1,2- a]indole and Pyrazino[1,2- a]indol-1-one Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080779. [PMID: 34451876 PMCID: PMC8399128 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This review concerns the synthesis and biological activities of pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles and pyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1-ones reported since 1997 and the discovery of biological activity of pyrazinoindole derivatives. In the first part, we first presented the synthetic routes that have been reported from a methodological point of view to access the pyrazinoindole unit according to cyclization reactions using or not using metal catalysts. Then, syntheses and neuropsychiatric, auto-immune, anti-infectious and anti-cancer properties of pyrazinoindoles were detailed. In the second part, we first reported the main accesses to pyrazinoindol-1-one substrates according to Michael reactions, metal-catalyzed and metal-free cyclization reactions. The syntheses and anti-cancer, anti-infectious, anti-allergenic and neuropsychiatric properties of pyrazinoindolones were next described and discussed.
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3
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Milcendeau P, Zhang Z, Glinsky-Olivier N, van Elslande E, Guinchard X. Au(I)-Catalyzed Pictet-Spengler Reactions All around the Indole Ring. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6406-6422. [PMID: 33887914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Au(I) complexes catalyze iso-Pictet-Spengler reactions. Ethylamine or methylamine chains were introduced at C2, C4, or the nitrogen atom of the indole ring, and the corresponding substrates were reacted in the presence of aldehydes and catalytic amounts of Au(I) complexes, leading to a variety of polycyclic scaffolds. Selectivity could be achieved in the course of a double iso-Pictet-Spengler reaction involving two successive aldehydes, leading to highly complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Milcendeau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zhenhao Zhang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Nicolas Glinsky-Olivier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Elsa van Elslande
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Xavier Guinchard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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4
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Singh A, Kumar N, Singh S, Sewariya S, Sharma MK, Chandra R. High-valued pyrazinoindole analogues: Synthesis, antibacterial activity, structure activity relationship and molecular dynamics analyses. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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5
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Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of novel urea, sulfonamide and acetamide 3,4-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-one derivatives. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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6
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Wani IA, Das S, Mondal S, Ghorai MK. Stereoselective Construction of Pyrazinoindoles and Oxazinoindoles via Ring-Opening/Pictet-Spengler Reaction of Aziridines and Epoxides with 3-Methylindoles and Carbonyls. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14553-14567. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz Ahmad Wani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, 208016 Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subhomoy Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, 208016 Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shobhan Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, 208016 Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manas K. Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, 208016 Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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7
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Mekala R, Mani R, Jagdish P, Mathammal R. Design, structural investigation and physicochemical properties of benzotriazolium m-nitrophthalate monohydrate single crystals. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Mahdavi M, Hassanzadeh-Soureshjan R, Saeedi M, Ariafard A, BabaAhmadi R, Ranjbar PR, Shafiee A. Experimental and computational evidence for KOt-Bu-promoted synthesis of oxopyrazino[1,2-a]indoles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17056g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-free intramolecular hydroamination of some Ugi adducts in the presence of KOt-Bu in DMF at room temperature led to the formation of novel oxopyrazino[1,2-a]indole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdavi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
| | | | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Private Bag 75
- Hobart TAS 7001
- Australia
| | - Rasool BabaAhmadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Central Tehran Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Shahrak Gharb
| | | | - Abbas Shafiee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
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9
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Jha RR, Danodia AK, Verma AK. Synthesis of fused heterocycles via preferential hydroamination of o-haloarylalkynes over N-arylation and successive intramolecular CC bond formation. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Jha RR, Saunthwal RK, Verma AK. Stereoselective tandem synthesis of thiazolo fused naphthyridines and thienopyridines from o-alkynylaldehydes via Au(iii)-catalyzed regioselective 6-endo-dig ring closure. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:552-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42035c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Verma AK, Jha RR, Kasi Sankar V, Singh RP. Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Joshi M, Tiwari R, Verma AK. Regioselective Preferential Nucleophilic Addition of N-Heterocycles onto Haloarylalkynes over N-Arylation of Aryl Halides. Org Lett 2012; 14:1106-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol203491p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Joshi
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Rakesh Tiwari
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Verma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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13
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Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Selective Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Indolo- and Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and Quinoxalinones by Modified Pictet-Spengler Reaction. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Aggarwal T, Imam M, Kaushik NK, Chauhan VS, Verma AK. Pyrano[4,3-b]quinolines library generation via iodocyclization and palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2011; 13:530-6. [PMID: 21793575 DOI: 10.1021/co200100z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a 80-member library of novel pyrano[4,3-b]quinolines in solution-phase is reported. The key intermediate, 4-iodopyrano[4,3-b]quinolines were synthesized by the electrophilic iodocyclization of corresponding ortho-alkynyl aldehydes in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Subsequently a diverse set of libraries was generated by employing palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura, Heck, and Sonogashira coupling reactions on 4-iodopyrano[4,3-b]quinolines. In this way, a series of structurally different and biologically interesting molecules were obtained. Some of the selected compounds were screened against 3D7 strains of Plasmodium falciparum for antimalarial activity. Suzuki coupling products 6{3} and 6{21} and Heck coupling product 8{12} exhibit promising antimalarial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trapti Aggarwal
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Maryam Imam
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Naveen K. Kaushik
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Virander S. Chauhan
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Akhilesh K. Verma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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15
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Ramachandran R, Rani M, Senthan S, Jeong YT, Kabilan S. Synthesis, spectral, crystal structure and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of imidazole/benzotriazole substituted piperidin-4-one derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1926-34. [PMID: 21397368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Imidazole/benzotriazole analogues substituted piperidin-4-one derivatives (17-26) have been synthesized. Their chemical structures were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral analysis. In addition, single crystal X-ray diffraction has also been recorded for compounds 21 and 23. The synthesized compounds were subjected to their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities against pathogenic microbial strains. The results pointed out that compounds 19 & 24 against B. subtilis and 20 & 24 against E. coli were explored superior inhibition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Regioselective synthesis of pyridoquinolones and pyridocoumarins via molecular iodine-mediated 6-endo-dig electrophilic cylization. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Verma AK, Rustagi V, Aggarwal T, Singh AP. Iodine-Mediated Solvent-Controlled Selective Electrophilic Cyclization and Oxidative Esterification of o-Alkynyl Aldehydes: An Easy Access to Pyranoquinolines, Pyranoquinolinones, and Isocumarins. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7691-703. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101526b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amit P. Singh
- Bio-inorganic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry
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18
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Akhmedov NG, Dacko CA, Güven A, Söderberg BCG. Complete analysis of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of diastereomeric mixtures of (R,S- and S,S-)-3,6-dimethoxy-2,5-dihydropyrazine-substituted indoles and their conformational preference in solution. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2010; 48:134-150. [PMID: 19998390 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Complete analysis of the (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra obtained with and without a chemical shift reagent (Eu(fod)(3)), of bis-lactim ether 1 (Schöllkopf auxiliary) and monosubstituted 3- or 2-{(2R,5S or 2S,5S)-5-isopropyl-3,6-dimethoxy-2,5-dihydropyrazin-2-yl]methyl}-1H-indoles is presented using gradient-selected one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional NMR techniques, such as 1D TOCSY, 1D NOESY (DPFGSE NOE), gCOSY, NOESY, ROESY gHETCOR, gHSQC and gHMBC. The contour plot of the gCOSY spectrum of 1-10 revealed cross peaks arising from the five-bond coupling between the H2 and H5 resonances of the dihydropyrazine ring for syn- ((5)J(H2, H5) = 4-5.7 Hz) and for anti-isomers ((5)J(H2, H5) = 3.4-3.8 Hz). The magnitude of the coupling constant was utilized to distinguish between the syn- and the anti-isomers (diastereomers). The precise values of (n)J(HH) (n = 3, 4, 5, 6) coupling constants for the indole and 2,5-dihydropyrazine moieties deduced from the calculated NMR spectra were supported by 1D TOCSY and gCOSY experiments and gauge invariant atomic orbital (GIAO) calculations. The magnitude of the coupling constants ((5)J(H2, H5)) indicates that the dihydropyrazine ring exists in a boat conformation. In both isomers, the indole group adopts a 'folded' conformation in which one diastereotopic face is effectively shielded by the aromatic benzene ring of the indole. This is supported by gradient-selected 1D NOESY and 2D NOESY experiments. Theoretical calculations of the conformation were performed to support the through-space shielding effect of the aromatic indole moiety based on the DFT/GIAO calculated (1)H NMR data (chemical shifts and coupling constants) for 2-syn- and 2-anti-diastereomers in CDCl(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Novruz G Akhmedov
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA.
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19
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Verma AK, Aggarwal T, Rustagi V, Larock RC. Iodine-catalyzed and solvent-controlled selective electrophilic cyclization and oxidative esterification of ortho-alkynyl aldehydes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:4064-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b927185f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Rapid progress in the synthetic application of benzotriazole derivatives in the last 20 years has resulted in over 1000 scientific papers on the subject. This fact is reflected in Section 5.01.7, which involves almost a half of the volume of this chapter. The section is arranged according to hybridization of the C-α atom and atomic numbers of the atoms in positions β and γ to allow an easy access to the material of interest. Recent discovery of copper catalysis in [3+2] cycloadditions of azides to acetylenes, the so-called ‘click chemistry’, which boosted application of the 1,2,3-triazole derivatives, especially in medicinal chemistry, is presented in Section 5.01.9. From the point of view of practical applications, Section 5.01.11 is organized according to the number, position, and combination of the substituents at the aromatic rings. Another novel feature that has no precedence in the previous editions of Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry is an addition of triazole and benzotriazole complexes with various transitions metals to Section 5.01.4.
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21
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Benzotriazole: an excellent ligand for Cu-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl and heteroaryl halides. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Tiwari RK, Verma AK, Chhillar AK, Singh D, Singh J, Kasi Sankar V, Yadav V, Sharma GL, Chandra R. Synthesis and antifungal activity of substituted-10-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:2747-52. [PMID: 16377197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2005] [Revised: 11/25/2005] [Accepted: 11/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Series of substituted-10-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles derivatives have been synthesized and examined for their activity against pathogenic strains of Aspergillus fumigatus (ITCC 4517), Aspergillus flavus (ITCC 5192) Aspergillus niger (ITCC 5405) and Candida albicans (ITCC No 4718). All synthesized compounds showed mild to moderate activity, except for 2-substituted-10-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles 6a-d. The most active 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-10-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indole 4c exhibited a MIC value of 5.85 microg/disc against A. fumigatus and 11.71 microg/disc against A. flavus and A. niger in disc diffusion assay. Anti-Aspergillus activity of active compound 4c by microbroth dilution assay was found to be 15.62 microg/ml in case of A. fumigatus and 31.25 microg/ml with A. flavus and A. niger. The MIC90 value of the most active compound by percent germination inhibition assay was found to be 15.62 microg/ml against A. fumigatus. The MIC90 values of substituted-10-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles against C. albicans ranged from 15.62 to 250 microg/ml. The in vitro toxicity of the most active 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-10-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indole 4c was evaluated using haemolytic assay, in which the compound was found to be non-toxic to human erythrocytes up to a concentration of 312.50 microg/ml. The standard drug amphotericin B exhibited 100% lysis at a concentration of 37.5 microg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Ishikura M, Ida W, Yanada K. A one-pot access to cycloalkano[1,2-a]indoles through an intramolecular alkyl migration reaction in indolylborates. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Tiwari RK, Singh D, Singh J, Yadav V, Pathak AK, Dabur R, Chhillar AK, Singh R, Sharma GL, Chandra R, Verma AK. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino [1,2-a] indoles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:413-6. [PMID: 16246547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2005] [Revised: 09/12/2005] [Accepted: 09/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino [1,2-a] indole derivatives have been synthesized and tested against the Gram positive and Gram negative strains of bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus (MTCCB 737), Salmonella typhi (MTCCB 733), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCCB 741), Streptomyces thermonitrificans (MTCCB 1824) and Escherichia coli (MTCCB 1652). All synthesized compounds showed mild to moderate activity. However, compounds 4d-f were found to have potent activity against pathogenic bacteria used in the study. Their MIC ranged from 3.75 to 60 microg/disc. In vitro toxicity tests demonstrated that toxicity of 4d-f was not significantly different than that of gentamycin. However, at higher concentration (1000-4000 microg/ml) difference was highly significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Highly efficient one-pot synthesis of 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Katritzky AR, Akhmedov NG, Myshakin EM, Verma AK, Dennis Hall C. Low-temperature 1H and 13C NMR spectra of N-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2005; 43:351-358. [PMID: 15724268 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The temperature-dependent (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra of 2-(2-butynyl)-10-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indole (4) (as a representative example of 1-9) in CFCl(3) + CD(2)Cl(2) solution are described and discussed. Below 183 K, the hexahydropyrazine ring inversions become slow on the NMR time-scale and 4 exists in principle as two conformational diastereomers. In fact, only one was observed with the N-2 substituent in an equatorial position as shown by a low-temperature NOESY experiment. The energy barrier for conformational interchange was calculated from NMR data to be 8.3 kcal mol(-1) (1 kcal = 4.184 kJ), in agreement with quantum chemical calculations. Unambiguous assignments for all proton and carbon resonances of 1-9 were made using 1D (APT, DEPT, NOE difference) and 2D (COSY, NOESY, gHMQC, gHMBC) NMR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, USA.
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Katritzky AR, Manju K, Singh SK, Meher NK. Benzotriazole mediated amino-, amido-, alkoxy- and alkylthio-alkylation. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Chapter 5.4 Five membered ring systems: With more than one N atom. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(05)80050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Janosik T, Bergman J, Pelkey ET. Chapter 5.2 Five-membered ring systems: Pyrroles and benzo derivatives. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE 2003 LITERATURE PRECEDED BY TWO CHAPTERS ON CURRENT HETEROCYCLIC TOPICS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(05)80048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Stereoselective synthesis of 4-substituted 1,2,3,4,10,10a-hexahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles. Russ Chem Bull 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-005-0241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Katritzky AR, Yang H, Singh SK. Preparation of Tertiary Alkyl Carbinamines, Propargylamines, and α-Heteroarylamines by Ketone-Based Aminoalkylation. J Org Chem 2004; 70:286-90. [PMID: 15624934 DOI: 10.1021/jo048541k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ketones 6a-i were converted into their benzotriazolylamine adducts 8a-i either directly from the corresponding ketone 6a or via enamines 7b-i. Adducts 8a-i on treatment with Grignard reagents, lithium phenylacetylide, or heteroaryllithiums gave tertiary alkyl carbinamines 9a-h (47-61%), propargylamines 10a-i (30-98%), and alpha-heteroarylamines 11a-k (44-85%), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, USA.
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