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Escorihuela J, Wolf LM. Computational Study on the Co-Mediated Intramolecular Pauson–Khand Reaction of Fluorinated and Chiral N-Tethered 1,7-Enynes. Organometallics 2022; 41:2525-2534. [PMID: 36185394 PMCID: PMC9516775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The Co2(CO)8-mediated intramolecular
Pauson–Khand
reaction is an elegant approach to obtain cyclopentenone derivatives
containing asymmetric centers. In this work, we employed density functional
theory calculations at the M11/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory to investigate
the mechanism and reactivity for the Pauson–Khand reaction
of fluorinated and asymmetric N-tethered 1,7-enynes.
The rate-determining step was found to be the intramolecular alkene
insertion into the carbon–cobalt bond. The stereoselectivity
of the alkene insertion step was rationalized by the different transition
states showing the coordination of the alkene through the Re- and Si-face. The effects of different
fluorine groups and steric effects on both the alkenyl and alkynyl
moieties were also theoretically investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Lawrence M. Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts−Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts01854, United States
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2
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Lee YH, Denton EH, Morandi B. Modular Cyclopentenone Synthesis through the Catalytic Molecular Shuffling of Unsaturated Acid Chlorides and Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20948-20955. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ho Lee
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Bill Morandi
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Evolution of Pauson-Khand Reaction: Strategic Applications in Total Syntheses of Architecturally Complex Natural Products (2016–2020). Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-mediated cyclizations are important transformations in a natural product total synthesis. The Pauson-Khand reaction, particularly powerful for establishing cyclopentenone-containing structures, is distinguished as one of the most attractive annulation processes routinely employed in synthesis campaigns. This review covers Co, Rh, and Pd catalyzed Pauson-Khand reaction and summarizes its strategic applications in total syntheses of structurally complex natural products in the last five years. Additionally, the hetero-Pauson-Khand reaction in the synthesis of heterocycles will also be discussed. Focusing on the panorama of organic synthesis, this review highlights the strategically developed Pauson-Khand reaction in fulfilling total synthetic tasks and its synthetic attractiveness is aimed to be illustrated.
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4
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Moto Ongagna J, Tamafo Fouegue AD, Ateba Amana B, Mouzong D'ambassa G, Zobo Mfomo J, Mbaze Meva'A L, Bikele Mama D. B3LYP, M06 and B3PW91 DFT assignment of nd 8 metal-bis-(N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes. J Mol Model 2020; 26:246. [PMID: 32827077 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper is focused on the examination of the bonding properties of a series of [M(NHC)2X2] (M = nd8 transition metal; X = Cl, Br and I) complexes in normal, abnormal and mixed C∩C coordination modes. Structures have been optimised in gas phase using B3LYP, M06 and P3BW91 functionals. Two basis sets have been used: the LanL2DZ and a mixed basis set (LanL2DZ for nd8 transition metals as well as halogen atoms and 6-311+G(d,p) for other atoms). Results obtained indicate that the B3PW91 bond distances are closer to experimental data. The complexation energies obtained for each binding mode increase in the order: Ni2+ < Pd2+ < Pt2+, independently of the halogen atom adopted. From the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecule (QTAIM) approach, the instability has been found to follow this trend: M - X < M - C. The analysis of metal-ligand interactions using the natural bond orbital (NBO) revealed that the strongest metal-ligand interactions are observed in the normal binding mode. The NCH → MX2 donation terms were found to be interestingly predominant compared with back donation ones in the complexes studied, except in Pt chloride ones. The contribution of electrostatic interaction energy between the above fragments (∆Eelstat term) is in the range 57.48-63.95% traducing the fact that the interactions are mostly electrostatic. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Moto Ongagna
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Aymard Didier Tamafo Fouegue
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College Bertoua, University of Ngaoundere, P.O Box. 652, Bertoua, Cameroon
| | - Baruch Ateba Amana
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Gaël Mouzong D'ambassa
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Joseph Zobo Mfomo
- Department of Forestry and Wood Engineering, Advanced Training College for Technical Education, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Luc Mbaze Meva'A
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Désiré Bikele Mama
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
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5
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Siddiqui AM, Khalid A, Khan A, Azad CS, Samim M, Khan IA. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Cobalt Cooperative Catalysis for the Chemo‐ and Regioselective C−N Bond Formation between Aldehyde and Amines/Amides. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asher M. Siddiqui
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Life Sciences Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Anam Khalid
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Life Sciences Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Life Sciences Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Chandra S. Azad
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Mohd. Samim
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Life Sciences Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Imran A. Khan
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Life Sciences Jamia Hamdard New Delhi 110062 India
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6
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Theoretical prediction on the reactivity of the Co-mediated intramolecular Pauson-Khand reaction for constructing bicyclo-skeletons in natural products. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Tsou PK, Lee YC, Lankau T, Isobe M, Yu CH. Substituent effects in the Nicholas epimerization of glycosides. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Kang Tsou
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Lee
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Timm Lankau
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Minoru Isobe
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hui Yu
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu Taiwan
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8
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Brantley CL, Coombs TC. Intermolecular Pauson–Khand reactions of N-substituted maleimides. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zweig JE, Kim DE, Newhouse TR. Methods Utilizing First-Row Transition Metals in Natural Product Total Synthesis. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11680-11752. [PMID: 28525261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
First-row transition-metal-mediated reactions constitute an important and growing area of research due to the low cost, low toxicity, and exceptional synthetic versatility of these metals. Currently, there is considerable effort to replace existing precious-metal-catalyzed reactions with first-row analogs. More importantly, there are a plethora of unique transformations mediated by first-row metals, which have no classical second- or third-row counterpart. Herein, the application of first-row metal-mediated methods to the total synthesis of natural products is discussed. This Review is intended to highlight strategic uses of these metals to realize efficient syntheses and highlight the future potential of these reagents and catalysts in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Zweig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 275 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Daria E Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 275 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Timothy R Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 275 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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10
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Rodriguez AM, Prieto P. New insights in the mechanism of the microwave-assisted Pauson–Khand reaction. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Lesage D, Blu J, Tabet JC, Gimbert Y. Intermolecular versus intramolecular Pauson-Khand reaction in gas phase: Limitation and feasibility. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Aiguabella N, del Pozo C, Verdaguer X, Fustero S, Riera A. Synthesis and Application of β-Substituted Pauson-Khand Adducts: Trifluoromethyl as a Removable Steering Group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Aiguabella N, del Pozo C, Verdaguer X, Fustero S, Riera A. Synthesis and Application of β-Substituted Pauson-Khand Adducts: Trifluoromethyl as a Removable Steering Group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5355-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Wilson MR, Taylor RE. Strained Alkenes in Natural Product Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4078-87. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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16
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(−)-8-Amino menthol-derived perhydrobenzoxazines as chiral templates and masked aldehydes in the diastereoselective intermolecular Pauson–Khand reaction. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Fager-Jokela E, Muuronen M, Patzschke M, Helaja J. Electronic Regioselectivity of Diarylalkynes in Cobalt-Mediated Pauson–Khand Reaction: An Experimental and Computational Study with Para- and Meta-Substituted Diarylalkynes and Norbornene. J Org Chem 2012; 77:9134-47. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3016902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Fager-Jokela
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Muuronen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Patzschke
- Laboratory for Instruction in
Swedish, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juho Helaja
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Henderson MA, Luo J, Oliver A, McIndoe JS. The Pauson-Khand Reaction: A Gas-Phase and Solution-Phase Examination Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200717r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Jingwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Allen Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
| | - J. Scott McIndoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
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19
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Fjermestad T, Pericàs MA, Maseras F. A Computational Study on the Role of Chiral N-Oxides in Enantioselective Pauson-Khand Reactions. Chemistry 2011; 17:10050-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Moulton BE, Whitwood AC, Duhme-Klair AK, Lynam JM, Fairlamb IJS. Regiochemistry in Cobalt-Mediated Intermolecular Pauson–Khand Reactions of Unsymmetrical Internal Heteroaromatic Alkynes with Norbornene. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5320-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200664m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E. Moulton
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Adrian C. Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Anne K. Duhme-Klair
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Ian J. S. Fairlamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
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21
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Retegan M, Jamet H, Maji P, Gimbert Y, Oltean M, Milet A. MESP: An efficient method to validate an ONIOM partition for the modelization of phosphine ligands commonly used in the Pauson–Khand reaction. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Ferrer C, Benet-Buchholz J, Riera A, Verdaguer X. Phosphine-Alkene Ligands as Mechanistic Probes in the Pauson-Khand Reaction. Chemistry 2010; 16:8340-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Pauson-Khand Reaction of Allenic Hydrocarbons: Synthesis of 4-Alkylidenecyclopentenones. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Brusey SA, Banide EV, Dörrich S, O’Donohue P, Ortin Y, Müller-Bunz H, Long C, Evans P, McGlinchey MJ. X-ray Crystallographic and NMR Spectroscopic Study of (η2-Alkene)(μ-alkyne)pentacarbonyldicobalt Complexes: Arrested Pauson−Khand Reaction Intermediates. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900615m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Brusey
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Emilie V. Banide
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Steffen Dörrich
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Paul O’Donohue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Yannick Ortin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Helge Müller-Bunz
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Conor Long
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paul Evans
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Michael J. McGlinchey
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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25
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Enantioselective alkylidenecyclopropanation of norbornenes with terminal alkynes catalyzed by palladium–phosphinous acid complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Lan Y, Deng L, Liu J, Wang C, Wiest O, Yang Z, Wu YD. On the Mechanism of the Palladium Catalyzed Intramolecular Pauson−Khand-Type Reaction. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5049-58. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900919v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Lujiang Deng
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Can Wang
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Olaf Wiest
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Zhen Yang
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
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Abstract
Each step of the conversion of a series of 9-alkynyl-9H-fluorenes into the corresponding fluorenylidene-allenes that dimerize and proceed sequentially via head-to-tail and tail-to-tail dialkylidene-cyclobutanes, en route to electroluminescent tetracenes, has been characterized X-ray crystallographically. Allenes possessing substituents of very different electronic and steric character, such as aryl, halogeno, silyl, phosphino, and ferrocenyl, exhibit novel and unexpected reactivity patterns. The silyl-allenes dimerize to yield 1,2-bis(fluorenylidene)cyclobutanes of intrinsic C2 symmetry as a result of the overlapping fluorenylidenes with their large wingspans. Thermal rearrangement of a bis(fluorenyl)-bis(trimethylsilyl)-diallene generates the tetrabenzo-quatercyclopentadiene, C60H36, which represents 60 % of the C60 framework. An attempt to isolate a "push-pull" allene, whose central carbon possesses carbene character, was made by incorporating a cation-stabilizing substituent (ferrocenyl) and an aromatic anionic moiety (fluorenide) at the termini. However, the allene underwent facile dimerization to the very heavily congested 3,4-di(spirofluorenyl)-1,2-bis(ferrocenyl-chloromethylene)cyclobutane that exhibits a very long (1.65 Å) C(3)-C(4) bond. Extension of this chemistry to dibenzosuberenylidene-allenes led to a straightforward route to the hitherto difficultly available dibenz[c,d,h]azulene system. Moreover, the reaction of 5-phenylethynyl-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ol with dicobalt octacarbonyl yielded, surprisingly, the first isolated example of a (μ-alkyne)Co2(CO)5(η2-alkene)complex, the long-sought first intermediate in the proposed mechanism of the Pauson-Khand reaction (PKR).
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Wang C, Wu YD. Theoretical Studies on Ru-Catalyzed Pauson−Khand-Type [2+2+1] and Related [2+2+1+1] Cycloadditions. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om8004178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Can Wang
- National Laboratory of Molecular Science, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, Peopleʼs Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peopleʼs Republic of China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- National Laboratory of Molecular Science, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, Peopleʼs Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peopleʼs Republic of China
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29
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Development of intermolecular additive free Pauson–Khand reactions for estrone E-ring extension using microwaves. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Horn S, Senge MO. The Intermolecular Pauson-Khand Reaction ofmeso-Substituted Porphyrins. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Pallerla MK, Yap GPA, Fox JM. Co-complexes derived from alkene insertion to alkyne-dicobaltpentacarbonyl complexes: insight into the regioselectivity of pauson-khand reactions of cyclopropenes. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6137-41. [PMID: 18637694 DOI: 10.1021/jo800776z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Described are the X-ray crystallographic and spectral properties of Co-complexes that were isolated from two Pauson-Khand reactions of chiral cyclopropenes. These are the first examples of isolated Co-complexes derived from the putative alkene-insertion intermediates of Pauson-Khand reactions. The binuclear Co-complexes are coordinated to mu-bonded, five-carbon "flyover" carbene ligands. It is proposed that the complexes result from cyclopropane fragmentation subsequent to alkene insertion. The observation of these metal complexes provides a rationale for the origin of regioselectivity in Pauson-Khand reactions of cyclopropenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh K Pallerla
- Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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Gibson SE, Hardick DJ, Haycock PR, Kaufmann KAC, Miyazaki A, Tozer MJ, White AJP. A Study of (Binap)(enyne)tetracarbonyldicobalt(0) Complexes. Chemistry 2007; 13:7099-109. [PMID: 17594711 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Four (binap)(enyne)tetracarbonyldicobalt(0) complexes have been synthesised and their reactivity monitored by variable temperature (31)P NMR spectroscopy. Formation of (binap)dicarbonylhydridocobalt(-1) 12 occurred at temperatures between 35 and 55 degrees C, depending on the nature of the alkene and alkyne components of the enyne. The structure of 12 was determined by X-ray crystallography, and its presence under Pauson-Khand reaction conditions was verified by NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AY, UK.
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Banide E, Müller-Bunz H, Manning A, Evans P, McGlinchey M. X-ray Crystal Structure of an Alkene–Pentacarbonyldicobalt–Alkyne Complex: Isolation of a Stable Magnus-Type Pauson–Khand Reaction Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200605171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Banide EV, Müller-Bunz H, Manning AR, Evans P, McGlinchey MJ. X-ray Crystal Structure of an Alkene–Pentacarbonyldicobalt–Alkyne Complex: Isolation of a Stable Magnus-Type Pauson–Khand Reaction Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:2907-10. [PMID: 17352447 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200605171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie V Banide
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Gibson SE, Kaufmann KAC, Haycock PR, White AJP, Hardick DJ, Tozer MJ. Pendant Alkenes Promote Cobalt−Cobalt Bond Cleavage in (Alkyne)(binap)tetracarbonyldicobalt(0) Complexes. Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om070022v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan E. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Medivir UK Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Essex C10 1XL, U.K
| | - Karina A. C. Kaufmann
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Medivir UK Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Essex C10 1XL, U.K
| | - Peter R. Haycock
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Medivir UK Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Essex C10 1XL, U.K
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Medivir UK Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Essex C10 1XL, U.K
| | - David J. Hardick
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Medivir UK Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Essex C10 1XL, U.K
| | - Matthew J. Tozer
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Medivir UK Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Essex C10 1XL, U.K
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Omae I. Three characteristic reactions of organocobalt compounds in organic synthesis. Appl Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Five membered carbocycles are important building blocks for many biologically active molecules. Moreover, substituted cyclopentenones (e.g. cyclopentenone prostaglandins) exhibit characteristic biological activity. The efficiency and atom economy of the Pauson-Khand reaction render this process potentially one of the most attractive methods for the synthesis of such compounds. Although it was discovered in its intermolecular form, the scope of the intermolecular Pauson-Khand reaction has always been limited by the poor reactivity and selectivity of the alkene component. The past decade, especially the last three years, has seen concerted efforts to broaden the scope of this reaction. In this overview, we provide a comprehensive and critical coverage of the intermolecular Pauson-Khand reaction based on the reactivity characteristics of different classes of alkenes and a rationalization of successes and misfortunes in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AY, UK.
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Samantaray MK, Roy D, Patra A, Stephen R, Saikh M, Sunoj RB, Ghosh P. Experimental and theoretical studies of a silver complex of O-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Samantaray MK, Katiyar V, Roy D, Pang K, Nanavati H, Stephen R, Sunoj RB, Ghosh P. A Cationic (N-Heterocyclic carbene)silver Complex as Catalyst for Bulk Ring-Opening Polymerization ofL-Lactides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200600209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rosillo M, Domínguez G, Casarrubios L, Pérez-Castells J. Arene−Chromium Tricarbonyl Complexes in the Pauson−Khand Reaction. J Org Chem 2005; 70:10611-4. [PMID: 16323885 DOI: 10.1021/jo0519965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reactions: see text] We show the use of arene-chromium tricarbonyl complexes in intra- and intermolecular Pauson-Khand reactions. Both styrene and ethynylbenzene complexes react with alkynes and olefins. The synthesis of enynes connected through chromium-complexed aromatic rings is developed. The intramolecular Pauson-Khand reaction occurs in a totally diastereoselective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rosillo
- Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Farmacia, Urb. Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
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de Meijere A, Becker H, Stolle A, Kozhushkov SI, Bes MT, Salaün J, Noltemeyer M. Intramolecular Pauson-Khand Reactions of Methylenecyclopropane and Bicyclopropylidene Derivatives as an Approach to Spiro(cyclopropanebicyclo[n.3.0]alkenones). Chemistry 2005; 11:2471-82. [PMID: 15685585 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The trimethylsilyl-protected enynes 9a-c and 14a,b with alkynyl substituents on the three-membered ring or on the double bond of a methylenecyclopropane or a bicyclopropylidene moiety were prepared in two steps from the alcohols 6a-c and 12a,b, respectively, by conversion to the iodides and their coupling with lithium (trimethylsilyl)acetylide (8) in 38-73% overall yields. The bicyclopropylidene derivative 9d was synthesized in 49% yield directly from bicyclopropylidene (3) by lithiation followed by coupling with (5-iodopent-1-ynyl)trimethylsilane (11). Enynes 9b-d were protiodesilylated by treatment with K2CO3 in methanol to give the corresponding unprotected enynes 10b-d in 53, 74 and 94% yield, respectively. Enynes 17a-c with a carbonyl group adjacent to the acetylenic moiety were synthesized from oxo derivatives 15a-c by Wittig olefination followed by coupling with 8 in 47, 18 and 12% overall yield, respectively. Pauson-Khand reactions of the methylenecyclopropane derivatives with a substituent on the ring (9a,b and 10a) as well as on the double bond (14a,b and their in situ prepared protiodesilylated analogues) proceeded smoothly by stirring of the corresponding enyne with [Co2(CO)8] in dichloromethane at ambient temperature followed by treatment of the formed complexes with trimethylamine N-oxide under an oxygen atmosphere at -78 degrees C to give tricyclic or spirocyclopropanated bicyclic enones 18a,b, 19a, 20a,b, 21a,b in good yields. Alkynylbicyclopropylidene derivatives 9c,d and 10c,d formed the corresponding cobalt complexes at -78 to -20 degrees C. Treatment of the latter with N-methylmorpholine N-oxide under an argon atmosphere at -20 degrees C gave the spirocyclopropanated tricyclic enones 18c, 19c and 18d in 31-45% yields. The structure of 19c was proved by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The cyclization of enynones 17a-c in MeCN at 80 degrees C gave the spirocyclopropanated bicyclic diketones 22a-c in 38-65% yields. Intramolecular PKRs of the enynes 25a,d with a chiral auxiliary adjacent to the triple bond gave the corresponding products 26a,d in 70 and 79% yield, respectively, as 5:1 and 8:1 mixtures of diastereomers, respectively. Addition of lithium dimethylcuprate or higher order cuprates to the double bond of the former furnished bridgehead-substituted bicyclo[3.3.0]octanones 27a-c in 57-86% yields. Protiodesilylation of 27a followed by acetal cleavage gave the enantiomerically pure spirocyclopropanated bicyclo[3.3.0]octanedione (1R,5R)- 29a with [alpha]D(20)=-148 (c=1.0 in CHCl3) in 55% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin de Meijere
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Knapton DJ, Meyer TY. A Palladium-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective Four-Component Coupling Reaction. J Org Chem 2005; 70:785-96. [PMID: 15675833 DOI: 10.1021/jo0484068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pd(PPh(3))(4) catalytically assembles sulfenamide, alkyne, carbon monoxide, and diphenyl diselenide regio- and stereoselectively in a one-pot four-component coupling reaction to yield (Z)-beta-selenyl acrylamides. The reaction proceeds in good to excellent yields (60-95%) and is tolerant of a range of functional groups on both the nitrogen of the sulfenamide and the alkyne. Moderate selectivities ranging from 4:1 to 7:1 beta-selenyl to beta-sulfenyl acrylamide have been observed despite the initial concentration of 2:1 selenium to sulfur in the reaction. The chalcogeno selectivity was found to depend directly on CO pressure; increased pressure decreased selectivity for selenium over sulfur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Knapton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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Boñaga LV, Krafft ME. When the Pauson–Khand and Pauson–Khand type reactions go awry: a plethora of unexpected results. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rodríguez Rivero M, Alonso I, Carretero JC. Vinyl Sulfoxides as Stereochemical Controllers in Intermolecular Pauson-Khand Reactions: Applications to the Enantioselective Synthesis of Natural Cyclopentanoids. Chemistry 2004; 10:5443-59. [PMID: 15390138 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of sulfoxides as chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric intermolecular Pauson-Khand reactions is described. After screening a wide variety of substituents on the sulfur atom in alpha,beta-unsaturated sulfoxides, the readily available o-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl vinyl sulfoxide (1 i) has proved to be highly reactive with substituted terminal alkynes under N-oxide-promoted conditions (CH3CN, 0 degrees C). In addition, these Pauson-Khand reactions occurred with complete regioselectivity and very high diastereoselectivity (de=86->96 %, (S,R(S)) diastereomer). Experimental studies suggest that the high reactivity exhibited by the vinyl sulfoxide 1 i relies on the ability of the amine group to act as a soft ligand on the alkyne dicobalt complex prior to the generation of the cobaltacycle intermediate. On the other hand, both theoretical and experimental studies show that the high stereoselectivity of the process is due to the easy thermodynamic epimerization at the C5 center in the resulting 5-sulfinyl-2-cyclopentenone adducts. When it is taken into account that the known asymmetric intermolecular Pauson-Khand reactions are limited to the use of highly reactive bicyclic alkenes, mainly norbornene and norbornadiene, this novel procedure constitutes the first asymmetric version with unstrained acyclic alkenes. As a demonstration of the synthetic interest of this sulfoxide-based methodology in the enantioselective preparation of stereochemically complex cyclopentanoids, we have developed very short and efficient syntheses of the antibiotic (-)-pentenomycin I and the (-)-aminocyclopentitol moiety of a hopane triterpenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rodríguez Rivero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Añorbe L, Poblador A, Domı́nguez G, Pérez-Castells J. New regio and stereoselective intermolecular Pauson–Khand reactions of allenamides. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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