1
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Ren YF, Chen BH, Chen XY, Du HW, Li YL, Shu W. Direct synthesis of branched amines enabled by dual-catalyzed allylic C─H amination of alkenes with amines. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn1272. [PMID: 38578992 PMCID: PMC10997203 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Direct conversion of hydrocarbons into amines represents an important and atom-economic goal in chemistry for decades. However, intermolecular cross-coupling of terminal alkenes with amines to form branched amines remains extremely challenging. Here, a visible-light and Co-dual catalyzed direct allylic C─H amination of alkenes with free amines to afford branched amines has been developed. Notably, challenging aliphatic amines with strong coordinating effect can be directly used as C─N coupling partner to couple with allylic C─H bond to form advanced amines with molecular complexity. Moreover, the reaction proceeds with exclusive regio- and chemoselectivity at more steric hinder position to deliver primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic amines with diverse substitution patterns that are difficult to access otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Guangming Advanced Research Institute and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Bi-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Guangming Advanced Research Institute and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Guangming Advanced Research Institute and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Wu Du
- Department of Chemistry, Guangming Advanced Research Institute and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Long Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, 643000 Zigong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Department of Chemistry, Guangming Advanced Research Institute and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Guangdong, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, 643000 Zigong, P. R. China
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2
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Wang J. Transition-metal-free, visible-light-induced multicomponent synthesis of allylic amines and tetrahydroquinolines. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00620k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced, 1,2,3,5-tetrakis-(carbazolyl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN) catalyzed synthesis of allylic amines andtetrahydroquinolines through ‘all-alkyl’ α-amino radicals and anilinoalkyl radicals has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, P. R. China
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3
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Berry SS, Jones S. Current applications of kinetic resolution in the asymmetric synthesis of substituted pyrrolidines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:10493-10515. [PMID: 34842884 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01943k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chiral substituted pyrrolidines are key elements in various biologically active molecules and are therefore valuable synthetic targets. One traditional method towards enantiomerically pure compounds is the application of kinetic resolution. In this review, current KR methodology used in the synthesis of substituted pyrrolidines is surveyed, including enzymatic methods, cycloadditions and reduction of ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian S Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK.
| | - Simon Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK.
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4
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Barham JP, Fouquet TNJ, Norikane Y. Base-catalyzed C-alkylation of potassium enolates with styrenes via a metal-ene reaction: a mechanistic study. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:2063-2075. [PMID: 32100777 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02495f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Base-catalyzed, C-alkylation of potassium (K) enolates with styrenes (CAKES) has recently emerged as a highly practical and convenient method for elaboration or synthesis of pharmaceutically-relevant cores. K enolate-type precursors such as alkyl-substituted heterocycles (pyridines, pyrazines and thiophenes), ketones, imines, nitriles and amides undergo C-alkylation reactions with styrene in the presence of KOtBu or KHMDS. Surprisingly, no studies have probed the reaction mechanism beyond the likely initial formation of a K enolate. Herein, a synergistic approach of computational (DFT), kinetic and deuterium labelling studies rationalizes various experimental observations and supports a metal-ene-type reaction for amide CAKES. Moreover, our approach explains experimental observations in other reported C-alkylation reactions of other enolate-type precursors, thus implicating a general mechanism for CAKES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Barham
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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5
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Hinds EM, Wolfe JP. A Cross-Metathesis/Aza-Michael Reaction Strategy for the Synthesis of Cyclic and Bicyclic Ureas. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10668-10676. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M. Hinds
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - John P. Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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6
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Cheng F, Lu W, Huang W, Wen L, Li M, Meng F. Cu-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of tertiary benzylic copper complexes and their in situ addition to carbonyl compounds. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4992-4998. [PMID: 29938027 PMCID: PMC5989696 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00827b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic chemo- and enantioselective generation of tertiary benzylic copper complexes from Cu-B(pin) (pin = pinacolato) additions to 1,1-disubstituted alkenes followed by in situ reactions with ketones and carboxylic acid phenol esters to construct multifunctional alkylboron compounds that contain quaternary stereogenic centers is presented. The method is distinguished by the unprecedented reaction mode of tertiary benzylic Cu complexes, allowing reaction with a wide range of carbonyl electrophiles in good yields and with high chemo-, site-, diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The catalytic protocol was performed with easily accessible chiral ligands and copper salts at ambient temperature. Functionalization of multifunctional alkylboron products provides useful building blocks that are otherwise difficult to access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai , 200032 , China .
| | - Wenxin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai , 200032 , China .
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai , 200032 , China .
| | - Lu Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai , 200032 , China .
| | - Mingfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai , 200032 , China .
| | - Fanke Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai , 200032 , China .
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7
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Barham JP, Tamaoki S, Egami H, Ohneda N, Okamoto T, Odajima H, Hamashima Y. C-Alkylation of N-alkylamides with styrenes in air and scale-up using a microwave flow reactor. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7568-7573. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02282h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
C-Alkylation of N-alkylamides with styrenes is reported, proceeding in ambient air/moisture to give arylbutanamides and other pharmaceutically-relevant scaffolds in excellent mass balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
- SAIDA FDS INC. 143-10
| | - Souma Tamaoki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
| | - Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
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8
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Moriyama K. Recent advances in oxidative C–C coupling reaction of amides with carbon nucleophiles. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Murray SA, Liang MZ, Meek SJ. Stereoselective Tandem Bis-Electrophile Couplings of Diborylmethane. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14061-14064. [PMID: 28934852 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed three-component linchpin coupling method for the stereoselective union of readily available epoxides and allyl electrophiles is disclosed. Transformations employ [B(pin)]2-methane as a conjunctive reagent, resulting in the formation of two C-C bonds at a single carbon center bearing a C(sp3) organoboron functional group. Products are obtained in 42-99% yield, and up to >20:1 dr. The utility of the approach is highlighted by stereospecific transformations entailing allylation, tandem cross coupling, and application to the synthesis 1,3-polyol motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Murray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Michael Z Liang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Simon J Meek
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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10
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Firth JD, O'Brien P, Ferris L. General Procedures for the Lithiation/Trapping of N-Boc Piperazines. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7023-7031. [PMID: 28574711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To provide α-substituted piperazines for early stage medicinal chemistry studies, a simple, general synthetic approach is required. Here, we report the development of two general and simple procedures for the racemic lithiation/trapping of N-Boc piperazines. Optimum lithiation times were determined using in situ IR spectroscopy, and the previous complicated and diverse literature procedures were simplified. Subsequent trapping with electrophiles delivered a wide range of α-functionalized N-Boc piperazines. The scope and limitations of the distal N-group were investigated. The selective α- and β- arylation of N-Boc piperazines via lithiation/Negishi coupling is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Firth
- Department of Chemistry, University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Peter O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Leigh Ferris
- AstraZeneca U.K. , Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2NA, U.K
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11
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Green JC, Joannou MV, Murray SA, Zanghi JM, Meek SJ. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Hydroxy Bis(boronates) via Cu-Catalyzed Tandem Borylation/1,2-Addition. ACS Catal 2017; 7:4441-4445. [PMID: 29520326 PMCID: PMC5837064 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of 1-hydroxy-2,3-bisboronate esters through multicomponent borylation/1,2-addition is reported. Catalyst and substrates are readily available, form both a C-B and C-C bond, and generate up to three contiguous stereocenters. The reaction is tolerant of aryl, vinyl, and alkyl aldehydes and ketones in up to 95% yield, >20:1 dr, and 99:1 er. Intramolecular additions to aldehydes and ketones result in stereodivergent processes. The hydroxy bis(boronate) ester products are amenable to site-selective chemical elaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephanie A. Murray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
| | - Joseph M. Zanghi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
| | - Simon J. Meek
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
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12
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Leverett CA, Li G, France S, Padwa A. IMDAF Cascade Approach toward the Synthesis of the Alkaloid (±)-Minfiensine. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10193-10203. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A. Leverett
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Stefan France
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Albert Padwa
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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13
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Picado A, Li S, Dieter RK. A Serendipitous Synthesis of Bis-Heterocyclic Spiro 3(2H)-Furanones. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1391-400. [PMID: 26756271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
(Z) Enol triflates 6, 11b-d, (E) enol triflate 11e, and phenol triflate 11a, derived from β-keto esters or 2-carboalkoxy phenols, respectively, react with N-Boc 2-lithiopyrrolidine (5a), N-Boc N-methylaminomethyllithium (5b), or 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane (14) to afford 3(2H)-furanones in modest to good yields (38-81%). Product and carbanion reagent studies suggest that the 3(2H)-furanone is formed in a cascade of reactions involving nucleophilic acyl substitution, enolate formation, trifluoromethyl transfer, iminium or sulfenium ion formation, and subsequent ring closure to form the 3(2H)-furanone. The use of 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane affords a cyclic α-keto-S,S,O-orthoester in which the functionality can be selectively manipulated for synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Picado
- Hunter Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
| | - ShengJian Li
- Hunter Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
| | - R Karl Dieter
- Hunter Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
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14
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Moriya K, Simon M, Mose R, Karaghiosoff K, Knochel P. Stereoselektive, konfigurationserhaltende Domino-Transmetallierung sekundärer Alkyllithiumverbindungen zu funktionalisierten, sekundären Alkylkupferreagentien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Moriya K, Simon M, Mose R, Karaghiosoff K, Knochel P. Stereoselective Retentive Domino Transmetalations of Secondary Alkyllithium Compounds to Functionalized Secondary Alkylcopper Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10963-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Dieter RK, Picado A. Regio- and stereocontrol in the reactions of α-halo-β,γ-enoates and α-O-phosphono-β,γ-enenitriles with organocuprates. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11125-38. [PMID: 25303237 DOI: 10.1021/jo502111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of (Z)- and (E)-ethyl 2-chloro-3-octenoate (4a and 17) and (E)- and (Z)-diethyl (1-cyano-2-heptenyl)phosphate (21a and 21b) with organocuprates were investigated as potential substrates for preparing γ-substituted α,β-enoates and enenitriles. In these copper-mediated allylic substitution reactions, the Z-isomer 4a displayed complete regio- and stereoselectivity (i.e., E:Z), while the regio- and stereoselectivity for E-isomer 17 varied as a function of solvent, cuprate reagent, transferable ligand, and cuprate counterion (e.g., Li(+) vs MgX(+)). Excellent selectivities could be achieved with 17 and (n)BuCuCNLi in Et2O. Conditions for improved selectivities in the reactions of allylic cyanophosphates over those previously reported were found. A series of relative rate and competition experiments was performed, and the degree of regio- and stereoselectivity for each system was rationalized in the light of the current mechanistic understanding of cuprate-mediated allylic substitution reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Karl Dieter
- Hunter Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
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17
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Smith JM, Moreno J, Boal BW, Garg NK. Kaskadenreaktionen in der Totalsynthese von Akuammilin-Alkaloiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Smith JM, Moreno J, Boal BW, Garg NK. Cascade reactions: a driving force in akuammiline alkaloid total synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:400-12. [PMID: 25346244 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The akuammiline alkaloids are a family of intricate natural products which have received considerable attention from scientists worldwide. Despite the fact that many members of this alkaloid class were discovered over 50 years ago, synthetic chemistry has been unable to address their architectures until recently. This minireview provides a brief overview of the rich history of the akuammiline alkaloids, including their isolation, structural features, biological activity, and proposed biosyntheses. Furthermore, several recently completed total syntheses are discussed in detail. These examples not only serve to highlight modern achievements in alkaloid total synthesis, but also demonstrate how the molecular scaffolds of the akuammilines have provided inspiration for the discovery and implementation of innovative cascade reactions for the rapid assembly of complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (USA) http://www.chem.ucla.edu/dept/Faculty/garg/Garg_Group/Home.html
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19
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Abstract
The first total synthesis of aspeverin, a prenylated indole alkaloid isolated from Aspergillus versicolor in 2013, is described. Key steps utilized to assemble the core structure of the target include a highly diastereoselective Diels-Alder reaction, a Curtius rearrangement, and a unique strategy for installation of the geminal dimethyl group. A novel iodine(III)-initiated cyclization was then used to install the bicyclic urethane linkage distinctive to the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Levinson
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
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20
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Lee AS, Liau BB, Shair MD. A Unified Strategy for the Synthesis of 7-Membered-Ring-Containing Lycopodium Alkaloids. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:13442-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja507740u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy S. Lee
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Brian B. Liau
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Matthew D. Shair
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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21
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Abstract
![]()
A new
coupling protocol has been developed that allows the union
of vinyl sulfones with photoredox-generated α-amino radicals
to provide allylic amines of broad diversity. Direct C–H vinylations
of N-aryl tertiary amines, as well as decarboxylative
vinylations of N-Boc α-amino acids, proceed
in high yield and with excellent olefin geometry control. The utility
of this new allyl amine forming reaction has been demonstrated via
the syntheses of several natural products and a number of established
pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Noble
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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22
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Vu VH, Louafi F, Girard N, Marion R, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Hurvois JP. Electrochemical Access to 8-(1-Phenyl-ethyl)-1,4-dioxa-8-aza-spiro[4.5]decane-7-carbonitrile. Application to the Asymmetric Syntheses of (+)-Myrtine and Alkaloid (+)-241D. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3358-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Van Ha Vu
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, 2 Avenue Leon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Fadila Louafi
- Unité de Recherche CHEMS, Faculté des Sciences
Exactes, Université Constantine1, Route de Ain El Bey, 25000 Constantine, Algérie
| | - Nicolas Girard
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg UMR 7200 CNRS/UDS, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Ronan Marion
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu,
Avenue du général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu,
Avenue du général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu,
Avenue du général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Hurvois
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, CNRS−Université de Rennes 1, 2 Avenue Leon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
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23
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Ren W, Wang Q, Zhu J. Total Synthesis of (±)-Aspidophylline A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:1818-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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25
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Hodgson DM, Pearson CI, Kazmi M. Generation and electrophile trapping of N-Boc-2-lithio-2-azetine: synthesis of 2-substituted 2-azetines. Org Lett 2014; 16:856-9. [PMID: 24410016 PMCID: PMC3929120 DOI: 10.1021/ol403626k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
s-BuLi-induced α-lithiation–elimination
of LiOMe from N-Boc-3-methoxyazetidine and further
in situ α-lithiation generates N-Boc-2-lithio-2-azetine
which can be trapped with electrophiles, either directly (carbonyl
or heteroatom electrophiles) or after transmetalation to copper (allowing
allylations and propargylations), providing a concise access to 2-substituted
2-azetines.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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26
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Gelardi G, Barker G, O'Brien P, Blakemore DC. Asymmetric lithiation trapping of N-Boc heterocycles at temperatures above -78 °C. Org Lett 2013; 15:5424-7. [PMID: 24180685 DOI: 10.1021/ol402395j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric lithiation trapping of N-Boc heterocycles using s-BuLi/chiral diamines at temperatures up to -20 °C is reported. Depending on the N-Boc heterocycle, lithiation is accomplished using s-BuLi and (-)-sparteine or the (+)-sparteine surrogate in the temperature range -50 to -20 °C for short reaction times (2-20 min). Subsequent electrophilic trapping or transmetalation-Negishi coupling delivered functionalized N-Boc heterocycles in 47-95% yield and 77:23-93:7 er. With N-Boc pyrrolidine, trapped products can be generated in ∼90:10 er even at -20 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Gelardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U. K., and Neusentis Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , The Portway Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GS, U. K
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27
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Batsanov AS, Georgiou I, Girling PR, Pommier L, Shen HC, Whiting A. Asymmetric Synthesis and Application of Homologous Pyrroline-2-alkylboronic Acids: Identification of the B-N Distance for Eliciting Bifunctional Catalysis of an Asymmetric Aldol Reaction. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201300127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Vu VH, Jouanno LA, Cheignon A, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Sinbandhit S, Hurvois JP. Modified Fry Cyanation of a Chiral Pyridinium Salt: Asymmetric Syntheses of (-)-Coniine and (-)-Solenopsin A. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Swift EC, Jarvo ER. Asymmetric transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions for the construction of tertiary stereocenters. Tetrahedron 2013; 69:5799-5817. [PMID: 23956470 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Swift
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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30
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Lefranc J, Fournier AM, Mingat G, Herbert S, Marcelli T, Clayden J. Intramolecular Vinylation of Secondary and Tertiary Organolithiums. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7286-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja301591m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lefranc
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road,
Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Anne M. Fournier
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road,
Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Gaëlle Mingat
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road,
Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Simon Herbert
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road,
Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Tommaso Marcelli
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road,
Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
- Dipartimento di
Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio
Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via
Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road,
Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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31
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Guerrero CA, Sorensen EJ. Concise, stereocontrolled synthesis of the citrinadin B core architecture. Org Lett 2011; 13:5164-7. [PMID: 21894952 DOI: 10.1021/ol2020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A concise, stereocontrolled synthesis of the citrinadin B core architecture from scalemic, readily available starting materials is disclosed. Highlights include ready access to both cyclic tryptophan tautomer and trans-2,6-disubstituted piperidine fragments, an efficient, stereoretentive mixed Claisen acylation for the coupling of these halves, and further diastereoselective carbonyl addition and oxidative rearrangement for assembly of the core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Guerrero
- Frick Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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32
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Coldham I, Leonori D. Regioselective and stereoselective copper(I)-promoted allylation and conjugate addition of N-Boc-2-lithiopyrrolidine and N-Boc-2-lithiopiperidine. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4069-77. [PMID: 20469892 DOI: 10.1021/jo100415x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Copper salts have been screened for transmetalation and electrophilic quench of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-lithiopyrrolidine (N-Boc-2-lithiopyrrolidine) and N-Boc-2-lithiopiperidine, formed by deprotonation of N-Boc-pyrrolidine and N-Boc-piperidine, respectively. Transmetalation with zinc chloride then (lithium chloride solubilized) copper cyanide followed by allylation typically gives mixtures of regioisomers (S(N)2 and S(N)2' products), whereas transmetalation with copper iodide.TMEDA then allylation occurs regioselectively (S(N)2 mechanism). Addition to an enone or alpha,beta-unsaturated ester occurs by 1,4-addition. Asymmetric deprotonation of N-Boc-pyrrolidine or dynamic resolution in the presence of a chiral ligand of N-Boc-2-lithiopiperidine followed by the zinc/copper chemistry was successful and gave the allylated pyrrolidine and piperidine products with good enantioselectivity, although use of the copper iodide chemistry resulted in some loss of enantiopurity. The chemistry provides formal syntheses of (+)-allosedridine, (+)-lasubine II, and (+)-pseudohygroline and has been used for the synthesis of (+)-coniine, (-)-pelletierine, (+)-coniceine, (-)-norhygrine, and the ant extract alkaloids cis- and trans-2-butyl-5-propylpyrrolidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Coldham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK.
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33
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Barker G, O’Brien P, Campos KR. Diamine-Free Lithiation−Trapping of N-Boc Heterocycles using s-BuLi in THF. Org Lett 2010; 12:4176-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1017799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Barker
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., and Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Peter O’Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., and Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Kevin R. Campos
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., and Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
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34
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35
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Stead D, Carbone G, O’Brien P, Campos KR, Coldham I, Sanderson A. Asymmetric Deprotonation of N-Boc Piperidine: React IR Monitoring and Mechanistic Aspects. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:7260-1. [DOI: 10.1021/ja102043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darren Stead
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K., and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd., Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, U.K
| | - Giorgio Carbone
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K., and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd., Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, U.K
| | - Peter O’Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K., and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd., Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, U.K
| | - Kevin R. Campos
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K., and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd., Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, U.K
| | - Iain Coldham
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K., and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd., Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, U.K
| | - Adam Sanderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K., Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K., and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd., Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, U.K
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36
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Högermeier J, Reissig HU. Nine Times Fluoride can be Good for your Syntheses.Not just Cheaper: Nonafluorobutanesulfonates as Intermediates for Transition Metal-Catalyzed Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Zhang M, Huang X, Shen L, Qin Y. Total Synthesis of the Akuammiline Alkaloid (±)-Vincorine. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:6013-20. [PMID: 19326910 DOI: 10.1021/ja901219v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Novel Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Novel Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Shen
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Novel Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Novel Delivery System of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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38
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Barnes DM, Barkalow J, Chen Y, Gupta A, Haight AR, Hengeveld JE, Kerdesky FAJ, Kotecki BJ, Macri B, Pal A. Impact of Entropic Effects in the Classical Resolution of a 2-Arylpyrrolidine. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op800242y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Barnes
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - Jufang Barkalow
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - Yong Chen
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - Ashok Gupta
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - Anthony R. Haight
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - John E. Hengeveld
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - Francis A. J. Kerdesky
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - Brian J. Kotecki
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - Bryan Macri
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
| | - Agnes Pal
- GPRD Process Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Building R8/1, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6285, U.S.A
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39
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Pizzuti MG, Minnaard AJ, Feringa BL. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of the alkaloid (+)-myrtine. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:3464-6. [PMID: 19082145 DOI: 10.1039/b807575a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new protocol for the asymmetric synthesis of trans-2,6-disubstituted-4-piperidones has been developed using a catalytic enantioselective conjugate addition reaction in combination with a diastereoselective lithiation-substitution sequence; an efficient synthesis of (+)-myrtine has been achieved via this route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriella Pizzuti
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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40
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Coldham I, Leonori D. Synthesis of 2-Arylpiperidines by Palladium Couplings of Aryl Bromides with Organozinc Species Derived from Deprotonation of N-Boc-Piperidine. Org Lett 2008; 10:3923-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol801579r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iain Coldham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
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41
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O'Brien P, Bilke JL. Expanding the synthetic potential of asymmetric deprotonation: arylation of carbanions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:2734-6. [PMID: 18330883 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200704539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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42
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O'Brien P, Bilke J. Das Potenzial asymmetrischer Deprotonierungen in der Synthese: Arylierung von Carbanionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200704539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Stead D, O'Brien P, Sanderson A. A New Sparteine Surrogate for Asymmetric Deprotonation of N-Boc Pyrrolidine. Org Lett 2008; 10:1409-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800109s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darren Stead
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom, and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd, Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom, and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd, Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Sanderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom, and Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd, Lilly Research Centre, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey, GU20 6PH, United Kingdom
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44
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Coldham I, Raimbault S, Chovatia PT, Patel JJ, Leonori D, Sheikh NS, Whittaker DTE. Dynamic resolution of N-Boc-2-lithiopiperidine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4174-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b810988e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Fürstner A, Kennedy JWJ. Total syntheses of the tylophora alkaloids cryptopleurine, (-)-antofine, (-)-tylophorine, and (-)-ficuseptine C. Chemistry 2007; 12:7398-410. [PMID: 16881031 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A concise, efficient and modular approach to the tylophora alkaloids is described, a family of potent cytotoxic agents that are equally effective against drug sensitive and multidrug resistant cancer cell lines. The advantages of the chosen route are illustrated by the total syntheses of the phenanthroquinolizidine cryptopleurine (1) and the phenanthroindolizidines (-)-antofine (2), (-)-tylophorine (3), and their only recently isolated congener (-)-ficuseptine C (4). The key steps consist in a Suzuki cross-coupling between a (commercial) boronic acid and a simple aryl-1,2-dihalide followed by elaboration of the resulting products into the corresponding 2-alkynyl-biphenyl derivatives 27, 33, 41 and 46. The latter undergo PtCl2-catalyzed cycloisomerizations with formation of the functionalized phenanthrenes 28, 34, 42 and 47, which were transformed into the targeted alkaloids by a deprotection/Pictet-Spengler annulation tandem. Due to the flexibility and robust character of this approach, it might enable a systematic exploration of the pharmacological profile of this promising class of bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.
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46
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Falck JR, Patel PK, Bandyopadhyay A. Stereospecific cross-coupling of alpha-(thiocarbamoyl)organostannanes with alkenyl, aryl, and heteroaryl iodides. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:790-3. [PMID: 17243814 PMCID: PMC2526971 DOI: 10.1021/ja064948q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Racemic and scalemic PTC-protected alpha-hydroxystannanes cross-couple with alkenyl/aryl/heteroaryl iodides in moderate to good yields using copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTC) in THF at or below room temperature. Simple aryl iodides and 1-iodocyclohexene, two classes of electrophiles that typically react sluggishly, are also good substrates. Cross-couplings proceed with retention of configuration at the alkenyl- and stannyl-substituted stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Falck
- Departments of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
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47
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Diaba F, Ricou E, Bonjoch J. Synthesis of enantiopure 1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-ones from l-proline derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Stead D, O'Brien P, Sanderson AJ. Concise Synthesis of (±)-Cytisine via Lithiation of N-Boc-bispidine. Org Lett 2005; 7:4459-62. [PMID: 16178558 DOI: 10.1021/ol0516869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] (+/-)-Cytisine has been synthesized in 19% overall yield via a six-step approach from commercially available materials. Key features of this new strategy are as follows: (i) initial construction of the bispidine core, (ii) lithiation-transmetalation-allylation of an N-Boc-bispidine, and (iii) a Pd/C-mediated dihydropyridone oxidation-N-debenzylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Stead
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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49
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Coldham I, Patel JJ, Sanchez-Jimenez G. Dynamic kinetic resolution of N-Boc-2-lithiopyrrolidine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:3083-5. [PMID: 15959592 DOI: 10.1039/b504015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric substitution of the organolithium derived either from N-Boc-2-tributylstannylpyrrolidine by tin-lithium exchange or from N-Boc-pyrrolidine by deprotonation occurs in the presence of a commercially available chiral diamine ligand with high levels of enantioselectivity by a dynamic kinetic resolution pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Coldham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, UKS3 7HF.
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50
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