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Makurat S, Spisz P, Kozak W, Rak J, Zdrowowicz M. 5-Iodo-4-thio-2'-Deoxyuridine as a Sensitizer of X-ray Induced Cancer Cell Killing. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1308. [PMID: 30875879 PMCID: PMC6470520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleosides, especially pyrimidines modified in the C5-position, can act as radiosensitizers via a mechanism that involves their enzymatic triphosphorylation, incorporation into DNA, and a subsequent dissociative electron attachment (DEA) process. In this paper, we report 5-iodo-4-thio-2'-deoxyuridine (ISdU) as a compound that can effectively lead to ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cellular death, which is proven by a clonogenic assay. The test revealed that the survival of cells, pre-treated with 10 or 100 µM solution of ISdU and exposed to 0.5 Gy of IR, was reduced from 78.4% (for non-treated culture) to 67.7% and to 59.8%, respectively. For a somewhat higher dose of 1 Gy, the surviving fraction was reduced from 68.2% to 54.9% and to 40.8% for incubation with 10 or 100 µM ISdU, respectively. The cytometric analysis of histone H2A.X phosphorylation showed that the radiosensitizing effect of ISdU was associated, at least in part, with the formation of double-strand breaks. Moreover, the cytotoxic test against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa line) confirmed low cytotoxic activity of ISdU. Based on the results of steady state radiolysis of ISdU with a dose of 140 Gy and quantum chemical calculations explaining the origin of the MS detected radioproducts, the molecular mechanism of sensitization by ISdU was proposed. In conclusion, we found ISdU to be a potential radiosensitizer that could improve anticancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Makurat
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Paulina Spisz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Witold Kozak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Janusz Rak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Zdrowowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Xie BB, Cui CX. Theoretical studies on photo-induced cycloaddition and (6-4) reactions of the thymidine:4-thiothymidine dimer in a DNA duplex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:2006-2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07063f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Photo-induced cycloaddition and (6-4) reactions of the thymidine:4-thiothymidine dimer in a DNA duplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Xie
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Hangzhou 311231
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry
| | - Cheng-Xing Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology
- Xinxiang 453003
- P. R. China
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Chang XP, Xiao P, Han J, Fang WH, Cui G. A theoretical study of the light-induced cross-linking reaction of 5-fluoro-4-thiouridine with thymine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:13524-13533. [PMID: 28498381 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01511a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to photophysics of thio-substituted nucleobases, their photoinduced cross-linking reactions with canonical nucleobases remain scarcely investigated computationally. In this work, we have adopted combined CASPT2/PCM//CASSCF and B3LYP-D3/PCM electronic structure methods to study this kind of photochemical reaction of 5-fluoro-4-thiouridine (truncated 5-fluoro-1-methyl-4-thiouracil used in calculations) and 1-methylthymine (referred to as thymine for clarity hereinafter). On the basis of CASPT2/PCM computed results, we have proposed two efficient excited-state relaxation pathways to populate the lowest T1 state of the complex of 5-fluoro-1-methyl-4-thiouracil and thymine from its initially populated S2(1ππ*) state. In the first one, the S2 system first hops to the S1 state via an S2/S1 conical intersection, followed by a direct S1 → T1 intersystem crossing process enhanced by large S1/T1 spin-orbit coupling. In the second path, the resultant S1 system first jumps to the T2 state, from which an efficient T2 → T1 internal conversion occurs. The T1 cross-linking reaction is overall divided into two phases. The first phase is a stepwise and nonadiabatic photocyclization reaction, which starts from the T1 complex and ends up with an S0 thietane intermediate. The second phase is a thermal reaction. The system first rearranges its four- and six-membered rings to form three new rings; then, an S0 fluorine atom transfer occurs, followed by the formation of photoproducts. Finally, the present work paves the way for studying light-induced cross-linking reactions of thionucleobases with canonical bases in DNA and RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Chang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Zhang X, Xu YZ. NMR and UV studies of 4-thio-2'-deoxyuridine and its derivatives. Molecules 2011; 16:5655-64. [PMID: 21725278 PMCID: PMC6264492 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16075655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Substituted-4-thio-2'-deoxyuridine nucleosides have been chemically synthesized and studied by NMR and UV spectroscopy. The results have been analyzed and discussed in connection with the previous data. The imino proton signal and the carbon signal of the thiocarbonyl group in the 5-substituted-4-thio-2'-deoxyuridines were found to be at much lower field, offering a potential for monitoring these modified bases at the DNA level. All 4-thionucleosides have strong absorptions at around 340 nm and consequently would be useful as potential UVA-induced anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
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Skalski B, Taras-Goślińska K, Dembska A, Gdaniec Z, Franzen S. Photoinduced Fluorescent Cross-Linking of 5-Chloro- and 5-Fluoro-4-thiouridines with Thymidine. J Org Chem 2010; 75:621-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902136k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Skalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Anna Dembska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Zofia Gdaniec
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Z. Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Stefan Franzen
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
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Experimental and theoretical investigation of 5-para-nitro-benzylidene-thiazolidine-2-thione-4-one molecule. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wenska G, Filipiak P, Asmus KD, Bobrowski K, Koput J, Marciniak B. Formation of a Sandwich-Structure Assisted, Relatively Long-Lived Sulfur-Centered Three-Electron Bonded Radical Anion in the Reduction of a Bis(1-substituted-uracilyl) Disulfide in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:10045-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8041928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Wenska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-780 Poznan, Poland, and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Piotr Filipiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-780 Poznan, Poland, and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Klaus-Dieter Asmus
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-780 Poznan, Poland, and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bobrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-780 Poznan, Poland, and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jacek Koput
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-780 Poznan, Poland, and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Bronislaw Marciniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-780 Poznan, Poland, and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warszawa, Poland
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Chiş V, Pîrnău A, Vasilescu M, Varga RA, Oniga O. X-ray, 1H NMR and DFT study on 5-para-X-benzylidene-thiazolidine derivatives with X=Br, F. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2007.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wenska G, Taras-Goslinska K, Filipiak P, Hug GL, Marciniak B. Photochemical reactions of 4-thiouridine disulfide and 4-benzylthiouridine—the involvement of the 4-pyrimidinylthiyl radical. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:250-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b713218b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] Thionation of amides, 1,4-diketones, N-(2-oxoalkyl)amides, N,N'-acylhydrazines, and acyl-protected uridines with the use of a fluorous analogue of the Lawesson's reagent leads to thioamides, thiophenes, 1,3-thiazoles, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles, and acyl-protected 4-thiouridines. The isolation of the final products in high yields is achieved in most cases by a simple filtration (fluorous solid-phase extraction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kaleta
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 2200 North Squirrel Road, Rochester, Michigan 48309-4477, USA
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