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Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Liu S, Miah MAJ, Cerkovnik J, Košmrlj J, Snieckus V. The Versatile and Strategic O-Carbamate Directed Metalation Group in the Synthesis of Aromatic Molecules: An Update. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7731-7828. [PMID: 38864673 PMCID: PMC11212060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The aryl O-carbamate (ArOAm) group is among the strongest of the directed metalation groups (DMGs) in directed ortho metalation (DoM) chemistry, especially in the form Ar-OCONEt2. Since the last comprehensive review of metalation chemistry involving ArOAms (published more than 30 years ago), the field has expanded significantly. For example, it now encompasses new substrates, solvent systems, and metalating agents, while conditions have been developed enabling metalation of ArOAm to be conducted in a green and sustainable manner. The ArOAm group has also proven to be effective in the anionic ortho-Fries (AoF) rearrangement, Directed remote metalation (DreM), iterative DoM sequences, and DoM-halogen dance (HalD) synthetic strategies and has been transformed into a diverse range of functionalities and coupled with various groups through a range of cross-coupling (CC) strategies. Of ultimate value, the ArOAm group has demonstrated utility in the synthesis of a diverse range of bioactive and polycyclic aromatic compounds for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D. Jansen-van Vuuren
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Susana Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
| | - M. A. Jalil Miah
- Department
of Chemistry, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Janez Cerkovnik
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Košmrlj
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Victor Snieckus
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
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2
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Ananin AV, Kraus GA. Anionic Fries rearrangement of aryl carbonates. A facile route to ortho-hydroxy esters. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Yuan Y, Dong W, Gao X, Gao H, Xie X, Zhang Z. Visible-Light-Induced Radical Cascade Cyclization: Synthesis of the ABCD Ring Cores of Camptothecins. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2840-2846. [PMID: 29411608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy for constructing indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-9(11H)-ones (ring cores of camptothecins) from readily available isocyanoarenes and N-(alkyl-2-yn-1-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-ones has been developed through a visible-light-induced radical cascade cyclization process. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with fair to excellent yields. The easy introduction of substituents for both reactants and the broad functional group tolerance of the reaction make it a straightforward route to the cores of the marketed camptothecins and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wuheng Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huang Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhaoguo Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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4
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Feberero C, Velasco R, Sanz R. ortho-Lithiation Reactions ofO-(3,n-Dihalophenyl)N,N-Diethylcarbamates: Synthesis of Dihalosalicylamides and 2,3,n-Trihalophenol Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Feberero
- Área de Química Orgánica; Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Rocío Velasco
- Área de Química Orgánica; Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Química Orgánica; Departamento de Química; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Burgos; Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n 09001 Burgos Spain
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5
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Margraf N, Manolikakes G. One-Pot Synthesis of Aryl Sulfones from Organometallic Reagents and Iodonium Salts. J Org Chem 2015; 80:2582-600. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5027518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Margraf
- Department of Organic Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg Manolikakes
- Department of Organic Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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6
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Plesescu M, Elliott EL, Li Y, Prakash SR. Synthesis of isotope-labeled HSP90 inhibitor: [(13) CD3 ] and [(14) C]-TAK-459. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2014; 57:574-8. [PMID: 24992204 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
[(13) CD3 ]-TAK-459 (1A), an HSP90 inhibitor, was synthesized from [(13) CD3 ]-sodium methoxide in three steps in an overall yield of 29%. The key intermediate [(13) CD3 ]-2-methoxy-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine was synthesized in two steps from 2,6-dibromopyridine and stable isotope-labeled sodium methoxide. [(14) C]-TAK-459 (1B) was synthesized from [(14) C(U)]-guanidine hydrochloride in five steps in an overall radiochemical yield of 5.4%. The key intermediate, [(14) C]-(R)-2-amino-7-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-dihydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one, was prepared by microwave-assisted condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Plesescu
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Isotope Chemistry Group, Millennium Pharmaceuticals Inc, 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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7
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Riggs JC, Singh KJ, Yun M, Collum DB. Anionic Snieckus-Fries rearrangement: solvent effects and role of mixed aggregates. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:13709-17. [PMID: 18798619 PMCID: PMC2626637 DOI: 10.1021/ja804087r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lithiated aryl carbamates (ArLi) bearing methoxy or fluoro substituents in the meta position are generated from lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) in THF, n-BuOMe, Me2NEt, dimethoxyethane (DME), N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), N,N,N',N'-tetramethylcyclohexanediamine (TMCDA), and hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). The aryllithiums are shown with (6)Li, (13)C, and (15)N NMR spectroscopies to be monomers, ArLi-LDA mixed dimers, and ArLi-LDA mixed trimers, depending on the choice of solvent. Subsequent Snieckus-Fries rearrangements afford ArOLi-LDA mixed dimers and trimers of the resulting phenolates. Rate studies of the rearrangement implicate mechanisms based on monomers, mixed dimers, and mixed trimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Riggs
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, USA
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Sandelier MJ, DeShong P. Reductive Cyclization of o-Nitrophenyl Propargyl Alcohols: Facile Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines. Org Lett 2007; 9:3209-12. [PMID: 17645347 DOI: 10.1021/ol0710921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of secondary and tertiary o-nitrophenyl propargyl alcohols followed by acid-catalyzed Meyer-Schuster rearrangement gave 2-substituted and 2,4-disubstituted quinolines, respectively. Tertiary propargyl alcohols gave excellent yields of the quinoline derivative, while the yields of quinolines were slightly reduced when secondary propargyl alcohol derivatives were utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Sandelier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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9
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Dai W, Petersen JL, Wang KK. Synthesis of the parent and substituted tetracyclic ABCD ring cores of camptothecins via 1-(3-aryl-2-propynyl)- 1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-2-pyridinecarbonitriles. Org Lett 2007; 8:4665-7. [PMID: 16986976 DOI: 10.1021/ol0620242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic pathway to the parent and substituted ABCD ring cores of the camptothecin family of alkaloids was developed. The N-alkylation of 1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (2) with 3-bromo-1-phenylpropyne provided 3a using Curran's protocol. Treatment of 3a with a catalytic amount of DBU (5 mol %) at 110 degrees C for 12 h produced indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-9(11H)-one (6a), the parent ABCD ring core of camptothecin, in essentially quantitative yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Dai
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045, USA
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Bacherikov VA, Tsai TJ, Chang JY, Chou TC, Lee RZ, Su TL. Synthesis of New Camptothecin Analogues with the E-Lactone Ring Replaced by α,β-Cyclohexenone. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Singh KJ, Collum DB. Lithium Diisopropylamide-Mediated Ortholithiation and Anionic Fries Rearrangement of Aryl Carbamates: Role of Aggregates and Mixed Aggregates. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:13753-60. [PMID: 17044703 DOI: 10.1021/ja064655x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Structural and mechanistic studies of the lithium diisopropylamide (LDA)-mediated anionic Fries rearrangements of aryl carbamates are described. Substituents at the meta position of the arene (H, OMe, F) and the dialkylamino moiety of the carbamate (Me(2)N, Et(2)N, and i-Pr(2)N) markedly influence the relative rates of ortholithiation and subsequent Fries rearrangement. Structural studies using (6)Li and (15)N NMR spectroscopies on samples derived from [(6)Li,(15)N]LDA reveal an LDA dimer, LDA dimer-arene complexes, an aryllithium monomer, LDA-aryllithium mixed dimers, an LDA-lithium phenolate mixed dimer, and homoaggregated lithium phenolates. The highly insoluble phenolate was characterized as a dimer by X-ray crystallography. Rate studies show monomer- and dimer-based ortholithiations as well as monomer- and mixed dimer-based Fries rearrangements. Density functional theory computational studies probe experimentally elusive structural and mechanistic details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Jit Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, USA
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12
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Mmutlane EM, Harris JM, Padwa A. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Chemistry for the Preparation of Novel Indolizinone-Based Compounds. J Org Chem 2005; 70:8055-63. [PMID: 16277327 DOI: 10.1021/jo0511492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[Chemical reaction: See text] Starting from methyl 5-oxo-6-trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroindolizine-8-carboxylate, obtained by a Rh(II)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 1-(2-benzenesulfonyl-2-diazoacetyl)pyrrolidin-2-one and methyl acrylate, several indolo- and furano-fused indolizinones were efficiently prepared. In the first case, a palladium-mediated C-N coupling of the triflate with a variety of substituted anilines provided the desired methyl 5-oxo-6-(arylamino)-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroindolizine-8-carboxylates in high yield. Methyl 6-(2-bromophenylamino)-5-oxo-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroindolizine-8-carboxylate as well as its decarboxylated analogue, 6-(2-bromophenylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indolizin-5-one, were synthesized in excellent yield and were found to undergo an intramolecular Heck cyclization to give 1,2,3,6-tetrahydroindolizino[6,7-b]indol-5-ones. To prepare furano-fused indolizinones, methyl 6-hydroxy-5-oxo-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroindolizine-8-carboxylate was etherified with different allyl halides, and the resultant allyl ethers were subjected to a thermal Claisen rearrangement to give the corresponding methyl 7-allyl-6-hydroxy-5-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroindolizine-8-carboxylates. Cyclization under Wacker oxidation conditions afforded methyl 2-methyl-8-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-oxa-7a-aza-s-indacene-4-carboxylates in near-quantitative yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin M Mmutlane
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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