1
|
Szigeti M, Dobi Z, Soós T. The Goldilocks Principle in Phase Labeling. Minimalist and Orthogonal Phase Tagging for Chromatography-Free Mitsunobu Reaction. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2869-2874. [PMID: 29378404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An inexpensive and chromatography-free Mitsunobu methodology has been developed using low molecular weight and orthogonally phase-tagged reagents, a tert-butyl-tagged highly apolar phosphine, and a water-soluble DIAD analogue. The byproduct of the Mitsunobu reactions can be removed by sequential liquid-liquid extractions using traditional solvents such as hexanes, MeOH, water, and EtOAc. Owing to the orthogonal phase labeling, the spent reagents can be regenerated. This new variant of the Mitsunobu reaction promises to provide an alternative and complementary solution for the well-known separation problem of the Mitsunobu reaction without having to resort to expensive, large molecular weight reagents and chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariann Szigeti
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Dobi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Soós
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Braibant B, Le Goff X, Bourgeois D, Meyer D. Impact of the Long-Range Electronic Effect of a Fluorous Ponytail on Metal Coordination during Solvent Extraction. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:3583-3594. [PMID: 29024271 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
With the need for a precise description of the long-range electronic effects of a perfloroalkyl chain (F-ponytail) grafted onto metal chelators, we studied in detail the effect of a spacer inserted between the polar complexing head and the F-ponytail, in relation to the metal coordination ability of the resulting molecules. The prepared molecules were then applied for the extraction of various metals from an aqueous phase into an organic phase, and the optimum spacer length could be estimated to be between three and four methylene units, according to the extraction conditions. The study also revealed the difficulty of modeling and anticipating the tiny energy differences involved in the extraction process and the importance in peculiar cases to go beyond only these studied inductive effects to understand better the factors that govern the stabilization of a metallic cation in a complex fluorous phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Braibant
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Hybrides pour la Séparation, Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule, BP17171, F-30207, Bagnols sur Cèze, France
| | - Xavier Le Goff
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Hybrides pour la Séparation, Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule, BP17171, F-30207, Bagnols sur Cèze, France
| | - Damien Bourgeois
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Hybrides pour la Séparation, Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule, BP17171, F-30207, Bagnols sur Cèze, France
| | - Daniel Meyer
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Hybrides pour la Séparation, Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule, BP17171, F-30207, Bagnols sur Cèze, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuruba BK, Shariff N, Vasanthkumar S, Emmanuvel L. NaOH/Et3N-Promoted Stereoselective One-Pot Synthesis ofα-Diazo Oxime Ethers via Diazo Transfer Reaction. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2015.1085575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
4
|
Kim S, Matsumoto M, Chiba K. Liquid-phase RNA synthesis by using alkyl-chain-soluble support. Chemistry 2013; 19:8615-20. [PMID: 23657898 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in the RNA therapeutics has increased demand for the synthesis of large quantities of oligoribonucleotides. The assembly of RNA oligomers relies mainly on solid-phase approaches. These allow rapid product purification and the ability to drive a target reaction to completion through the use of excess reagents. Despite the known advantages of solid-phase synthesis, some issues in the process remain to be addressed, such as low and limited scale, reagent accessibility, and the use of a very large excess of reagents. Herein, we report a highly efficient and practical method of liquid-phase synthesis of RNA oligomers by using alkyl-chain-soluble support. We demonstrate the utility of the liquid-phase method through 21-mer RNA synthesis on a gram scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shokaku Kim
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sugiyama Y, Kurata Y, Kunda Y, Miyazaki A, Matsui J, Nakamura S, Hamamoto H, Shioiri T, Matsugi M. A fluorous Mukaiyama coupling reagent for a concise condensation reaction: utility of medium-fluorous strategy. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
6
|
Nishimoto K, Okada Y, Kim S, Chiba K. Rate acceleration of Diels–Alder reactions utilizing a fluorous micellar system in water. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
7
|
Okada Y, Yoshioka T, Koike M, Chiba K. Heterogeneous continuous flow synthetic system using cyclohexane-based multiphase electrolyte solutions. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
8
|
Carroll L, Boldon S, Bejot R, Moore JE, Declerck J, Gouverneur V. The traceless Staudinger ligation for indirect 18F-radiolabelling. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 9:136-40. [PMID: 21103523 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00564a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Staudinger ligation of phosphine-substituted thioesters with (18)F-fluoroethylazide has been successfully applied to access (18)F-labelled molecules in radiochemical yields superior to 95%; the first fluorous variant of a Staudinger radio-ligation has been validated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Carroll
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baxendale I, Schou SÃ, Sedelmeier JÃ, Ley S. Multi-Step Synthesis by Using Modular Flow Reactors: The Preparation of YneOnes and Their Use in Heterocycle Synthesis. Chemistry 2010; 16:89-94. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
10
|
Iranpoor N, Firouzabadi H, Khalili D. 5,5′-Dimethyl-3,3′-azoisoxazole as a new heterogeneous azo reagent for esterification of phenols and selective esterification of benzylic alcohols under Mitsunobu conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4436-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c004357e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Palmieri A, Ley SV, Polyzos A, Ladlow M, Baxendale IR. Continuous flow based catch and release protocol for the synthesis of alpha-ketoesters. Beilstein J Org Chem 2009; 5:23. [PMID: 19590738 PMCID: PMC2707014 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.5.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a combination of commercially available mesofluidic flow equipment and tubes packed with immobilised reagents and scavengers, a new synthesis of alpha-ketoesters is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Palmieri
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Steven V Ley
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasios Polyzos
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton South, Melbourne, Australia, 3169
| | - Mark Ladlow
- Uniqsis, Shepreth, Cambridgeshire, SG8 6GB, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Baxendale I, Ley S, Mansfield A, Smith C. Multistep Synthesis Using Modular Flow Reactors: Bestmann-Ohira Reagent for the Formation of Alkynes and Triazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
14
|
Baxendale I, Ley S, Mansfield A, Smith C. Multistep Synthesis Using Modular Flow Reactors: Bestmann-Ohira Reagent for the Formation of Alkynes and Triazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4017-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
15
|
Sancho AG, Wang X, Sui B, Curran D. Comparison of the Relative Reactivities of the Triisopropylsilyl Group With Two Fluorous Analogs. Adv Synth Catal 2009; 351:1035-1040. [PMID: 20160880 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The relative stabilities of two fluorous analogs, diisopropyl(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptadecafluorodecyl)silyl and diisopropyl-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadeca-fluoroundecyl)silyl [C(8)F(17)(CH(2))(n)Si(i-Pr)(2), where n = 2 or 3], of the standard triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) group are compared in the setting of alcohol protection. The fluorous silyl groups can be installed under standard conditions in comparable yields to the TIPS group, but the derived fluorous silyl ethers are more labile than TIPS ethers towards cleavage by both acids and fluoride.
Collapse
|
16
|
Swamy KCK, Kumar NNB, Balaraman E, Kumar KVPP. Mitsunobu and Related Reactions: Advances and Applications. Chem Rev 2009; 109:2551-651. [PMID: 19382806 DOI: 10.1021/cr800278z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 868] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - N. N. Bhuvan Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - E. Balaraman
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim S, Chiba K. Solution-Phase Chemical Processes Featuring Facile Multi-Step Reactions. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2009. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.67.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim S, Tsuruyama A, Ohmori A, Chiba K. Solution-phase oligosaccharide synthesis in a cycloalkane-based thermomorphic system. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:1816-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b717446b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
19
|
Wang X, Nelson SG, Curran DP. The azido acid approach to beta-peptides: parallel synthesis of a tri-beta-peptide library by fluorous tagging. Tetrahedron 2007; 63:6141-6145. [PMID: 19562094 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A small tri-beta-peptide library was prepared starting from three enantio- and diastereopure azido acids. Fluorous tagging followed by two cycles of azide reduction, fluorous solid phase extraction (f-SPE), peptide coupling with the original azido acids and f-SPE provided 27 protected azido peptides. Reduction and HPLC purification provided 25 of the 27 targeted tri-beta-peptides in acceptable yields and excellent purities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Smith CD, Baxendale IR, Tranmer GK, Baumann M, Smith SC, Lewthwaite RA, Ley SV. Tagged phosphine reagents to assist reaction work-up by phase-switched scavenging using a modular flow reactor. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:1562-8. [PMID: 17571185 DOI: 10.1039/b703033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of three orthogonally tagged phosphine reagents to assist chemical work-up via phase-switch scavenging in conjunction with a modular flow reactor is described. These techniques (acidic, basic and Click chemistry) are used to prepare various amides and tri-substituted guanidines from in situ generated iminophosphoranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Smith
- Innovative Technology Centre (ACS), Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UKCB2 1EW
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Fluorous Technologies, Inc., University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center, 970 William Pitt Way, Pittsburgh, PA 15238, USA
| | - Dennis P. Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nishimoto K, Kim S, Kitano Y, Tada M, Chiba K. Rate Enhancement of Diels−Alder Reactions in Aqueous Perfluorinated Emulsions. Org Lett 2006; 8:5545-7. [PMID: 17107068 DOI: 10.1021/ol0623116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A marked acceleration property for the Diels-Alder reaction was observed in an aqueous micellar system composed of perfluorohexane and lithium perfluorooctanesulfonate. The reaction rate increased with the concentration of the equimolar mixture of PFH and LiFOS, and the rate in 500 mM PFH and 500 mM LiFOS was about 100-fold greater than that in water without the fluorous field. After completion of the reaction, the products were simply extracted from the aqueous reaction mixture using n-hexane. [reaction: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Nishimoto
- Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bräse S, Gil C, Knepper K, Zimmermann V. Organic azides: an exploding diversity of a unique class of compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:5188-240. [PMID: 16100733 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200400657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1626] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of organic azides by Peter Griess more than 140 years ago, numerous syntheses of these energy-rich molecules have been developed. In more recent times in particular, completely new perspectives have been developed for their use in peptide chemistry, combinatorial chemistry, and heterocyclic synthesis. Organic azides have assumed an important position at the interface between chemistry, biology, medicine, and materials science. In this Review, the fundamental characteristics of azide chemistry and current developments are presented. The focus will be placed on cycloadditions (Huisgen reaction), aza ylide chemistry, and the synthesis of heterocycles. Further reactions such as the aza-Wittig reaction, the Sundberg rearrangement, the Staudinger ligation, the Boyer and Boyer-Aubé rearrangements, the Curtius rearrangement, the Schmidt rearrangement, and the Hemetsberger rearrangement bear witness to the versatility of modern azide chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bräse
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Karlsruhe TH, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rábai J, Bálint AM, Szíjjártó C, Szabó D. Mixture Synthesis of Fluorous Ketals: Mitsunobu Reaction of Homologous 3-Perfluoroalkyl-propanols with Hexafluoroacetone Sesquihydrate and Collective Determination of Fluorophilicity Values. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200640046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
25
|
Bálint AM, Bodor A, Gömöry Á, Vékey K, Szabó D, Rábai J. Mitsunobu synthesis of symmetrical alkyl and polyfluoroalkyl secondary amines. J Fluor Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2005.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
26
|
Bräse S, Gil C, Knepper K, Zimmermann V. Organische Azide - explodierende Vielfalt bei einer einzigartigen Substanzklasse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200400657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|