Metal-Directed Self-Assembly of Cavitand Frameworks

Hierarchical self-assembly and controlled disassembly of a cavitand-based host–guest supramolecular polymer

Two hierarchical aggregation modes of cavitand-based supramolecular polymers allow implementing orthogonal disassembly procedures: electrochemical reduction for linear chains and solvent-driven dissolution for bundles.

Molecular recognition of upper rim functionalized cavitand and its unique dimeric capsule in the solid state

Calix[4]resorcinarene-based cavitand recognized the methyl group of the guests to form 1 : 1 host–guest complexes. In the solid state, the cavitand formed a dimeric capsule in which two molecules of nitromethane were entrapped by weak noncovalent interactions.

Binding mechanisms in supramolecular complexes

Supramolecular chemistry has expanded dramatically in recent years both in terms of potential applications and in its relevance to analogous biological systems. The formation and function of supramolecular complexes occur through a multiplicity of often difficult to differentiate noncovalent forces. The aim of this Review is to describe the crucial interaction mechanisms in context, and thus classify the entire subject. In most cases, organic host-guest complexes have been selected as examples, but biologically relevant problems are also considered. An understanding and quantification of intermolecular interactions is of importance both for the rational planning of new supramolecular systems, including intelligent materials, as well as for developing new biologically active agents.