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Ansari S, Knipe PC. Atropisomeric Foldamers. Chempluschem 2024:e202400218. [PMID: 38683695 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
This concept article explores the emerging role of atropisomerism in foldamer chemistry, a field focussed on oligomers that adopt well-defined conformations through non-covalent interactions. Atropisomerism introduces a novel dimension to foldamer design by restricting rotational freedom around single bonds to dictate molecular shape with precision. Despite the prevalence of atropisomeric bonds in organic synthesis, their application within foldamers remains underexplored. Here, we discuss key developments in both backbone and sidechain atropisomerism, and suggest future directions for atropisomeric foldamers in the context of a recent surge in atropselective synthetic methods. We propose that judicious use of atropisomerism may serve as a transformative tool in the construction of shape-defined macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Ansari
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Peter C Knipe
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
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Karthick M, Gupta S, Ramanathan CR. Decarboxylative Iodination and Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions to Access Chiral 3,3'-Diaryl-1,1'-bi-2-naphthols. J Org Chem 2024; 89:291-303. [PMID: 38064439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of the enantiomerically pure 3,3'-bis-arylated BINOLs is accomplished through decarboxylative iodination of the dimethyl ether derivative of BINOL-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid followed by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling using a one-pot protocol. The decarboxylative iodination is effected with the dimethyl ether derivative of BINOL-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid using iodine as a terminal oxidant and the cheaply available K3PO4 as a base under neat conditions. This protocol facilitated the introduction of the aryl group at the 3,3'-position on the binaphthyl system using aryl boronic acid through a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sushmita Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
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Roe WE, Warnock TMC, Knipe PC. A spirocyclic backbone accesses new conformational space in an extended, dipole-stabilized foldamer. Commun Chem 2023; 6:71. [PMID: 37069245 PMCID: PMC10110530 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Most aromatic foldamers adopt uniform secondary structures, offering limited potential for the exploration of conformational space and the formation of tertiary structures. Here we report the incorporation of spiro bis-lactams to allow controlled rotation of the backbone of an iteratively synthesised foldamer. This enables precise control of foldamer shape along two orthogonal directions, likened to the aeronautical yaw and roll axes. XRD, NMR and computational data suggest that homo-oligomers adopt an extended right-handed helix with a pitch of over 30 Å, approximately that of B-DNA. Compatibility with extant foldamers to form hetero-oligomers is demonstrated, allowing greater structural complexity and function in future hybrid foldamer designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Edward Roe
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Toyah Mary Catherine Warnock
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Peter Clarke Knipe
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
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Melendez-Zamudio M, Silverthorne KEC, Brook MA. High Refractive Index, Enantiopure Silicones Based on BINOL. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200022. [PMID: 35218259 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The high refractive index aromatic compound, binaphthol (BINOL), is readily incorporated into silicone polymer chains using the Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction; alternating and random linear copolymers, and elastomers are available. The highest refractive index (RI) materials were BINOL rich. It was not possible to directly make high refractive index linear polymers with very short HSi-capped, telechelic silicone chains, as they did not react cleanly. However, chain extending short vinyl-capped BINOL macromers with simple arylsilanes using hydrosilylation led to polymers with molar mass up to 8000 and refractive indices up to 1.58. Elastomers were prepared using similar processes. The reactions are facile to practice and suggest BINOL could be harnessed in these and other processes to augment RI. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Melendez-Zamudio
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St., W., Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Kaitlyn E C Silverthorne
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St., W., Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Michael A Brook
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St., W., Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada
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Binaphthalene-based polymer membranes with enhanced performance for solvent-resistant nanofiltration. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Jang HB, Choi YR, Jeong KS. Matched and Mismatched Phenomena in the Helix Orientation Bias Induced by Chiral Appendages at Multiple Positions of Indolocarbazole-Pyridine Hybrid Foldamers. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5123-5131. [PMID: 29693388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of indolocarbazole-pyridine (IP) hybrid foldamers containing chiral residues at multiple different positions were prepared to reveal the matched and mismatched phenomena of local stereocenters on the induction of helical bias. These foldamers adopted stable helical conformations, thus affording well-resolved separate sets of 1H NMR signals for right- ( P) and left-handed ( M) helices in water saturated organic solvents such as toluene and dichloromethane. The ratios of P- and M-helices were determined by integrating the 1H NMR signals, in combination with the molar circular dichroism (Δε) and optical rotation ([α]D) values. The degree of helical bias was larger in the IP foldamer bearing chiral residues at the termini relative to those at the pyridine side chains, but the preferred helix orientation was opposite to each other. Foldamers 5( SS)t( SSS)py and 6( RR)t( SSS)py with chiral residues at five different positions demonstrated the matched and mismatched phenomena of local stereocenters in 6( RR)t( SSS)py and 5( SS)t( SSS)py, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Bit Jang
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Ye Rin Choi
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Korea
| | - Kyu-Sung Jeong
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Korea
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Zubareva ND, Godunova LF, Kurilov DV, Razmanov IV, Klabunovskii EI, Stakheev AY, Kustov LM. Synthesis of alkenyl 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoates. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024416120360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nair RV, Vijayadas KN, Roy A, Sanjayan GJ. Heterogeneous Foldamers from Aliphatic-Aromatic Amino Acid Building Blocks: Current Trends and Future Prospects. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tanaka K, Kikumoto Y, Hota N, Takahashi H. Homochiral coordination polymers with nanotubular channels for enantioselective sorption of chiral guest molecules. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01058a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Thorat VH, Ingole TS, Vijayadas KN, Nair RV, Kale SS, Ramesh VVE, Davis HC, Prabhakaran P, Gonnade RG, Gawade RL, Puranik VG, Rajamohanan PR, Sanjayan GJ. The Ant-Pro Reverse-Turn Motif. Structural Features and Conformational Characteristics. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Dynamic scaffold of chiral binaphthol derivatives with the alkynylplatinum(II) terpyridine moiety. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:7986-91. [PMID: 23542379 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1301252110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum(II)-containing complexes with inherently chiral binaphthol derivatives display a versatile scaffold between random coils and single-turn helical strands, in which the conformational transition is controlled by the Pt···Pt and π-π interactions of alkynylplatinum(II) terpyridine moiety upon solvent and temperature modulation. The bisignate Cotton effect in the circular dichroism spectra is indicative of the cooperative transformation from random coil state to a compact single-turn M- or P-helix. More importantly, as revealed by the appearance of new UV-vis absorption and emission bands during conformational change, the self-assembly of the platinum(II)-containing complex into a helical structure is assisted by the metal···metal and π-π interactions of the alkynylplatinum(II) terpyridine moieties. The folded structure with stabilization via metal···metal and π-π interactions has been supported by density functional theory calculations, which provide insights into the folded geometry of these kind of metallo-foldamers.
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Abstract
With an intelligent design of the monomers, considerable effort has so far focused on the creation of aromatic oligoamide foldamers which are able to mimic the secondary structures of biopolymers. Supersecondary structure is a growing set of known and classifiable protein folding patterns that provides an important organizational context to this complex endeavor. In this article, we highlight the design, chemical synthesis, and structural studies of artificial supersecondary structures based on aromatic oligoamide foldamers in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yu Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Vijayadas KN, Nair RV, Gawade RL, Kotmale AS, Prabhakaran P, Gonnade RG, Puranik VG, Rajamohanan PR, Sanjayan GJ. Ester vs. amide on folding: a case study with a 2-residue synthetic peptide. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:8348-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41967c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhang DW, Zhao X, Hou JL, Li ZT. Aromatic Amide Foldamers: Structures, Properties, and Functions. Chem Rev 2012; 112:5271-316. [PMID: 22871167 DOI: 10.1021/cr300116k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan
University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai
200032, China
| | - Jun-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan
University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan
University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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Ramesh VV, Priya G, Rajamohanan P, Hofmann HJ, Sanjayan GJ. Expanding the structural repertoire of β/α Ant-Pro (anthranilic acid-proline) oligomers into γ/α 2-Amb-Pro (2-aminomethyl benzoic acid-proline) oligomers. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Opsitnick EA, Jiang X, Hollenbeck AN, Lee D. Hydrogen-Bond-Assisted Helical Folding of Propeller-Shaped Molecules: Effects of Extended π-Conjugation on Chiral Selection, Conformational Stability, and Exciton Coupling. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Prabhakaran P, Puranik VG, Sanjayan GJ. 1,8-Bis(4-methoxy-3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o2630. [PMID: 22064710 PMCID: PMC3201427 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811036567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Molecules of the title compound, C24H18N2O6, are located on a twofold rotation axis passing through through the central C—C bond of the naphthalene ring system. The molecular conformation is characterized by a roughly coplanar arrangement of the two substituted phenyl rings [dihedral angle 18.53 (5)°]. These two aryl rings are each twisted by 65.40 (5)° from the plane of the naphthyl unit.
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Ramesh VVE, Roy A, Vijayadas KN, Kendhale AM, Prabhakaran P, Gonnade R, Puranik VG, Sanjayan GJ. Conformationally rigid aromatic amino acids as potential building blocks for abiotic foldamers. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:367-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00593b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Roy A, Prabhakaran P, Baruah PK, Sanjayan GJ. Diversifying the structural architecture of synthetic oligomers: the hetero foldamer approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:11593-611. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13313f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Feng L, Liang F, Wang Y, Xu M, Wang X. A highly sensitive water-soluble system to sense glucose in aqueous solution. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2938-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob01224f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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21
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Thoß M, Seidel RW, Oppel IM, Feigel M. Structural characterization of racemic 1,1′-bi-(2-naphthol) monopivalate and its 6-nitro derivative. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Colombo S, Coluccini C, Caricato M, Gargiulli C, Gattuso G, Pasini D. Shape selectivity in the synthesis of chiral macrocyclic amides. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hu HY, Xue W, Hu ZQ, Xiang JF, Chen CF, He SG. Probing the Dynamic Environment-Associated Conformational Conversion from Secondary to Supersecondary Structures in Oligo(phenanthroline dicarboxamide)s. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4949-57. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900647d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yu Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun-Feng Xiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuan-Feng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Nájera C, Sansano JM, Saá JM. Bifunctional Binols: Chiral 3,3′‐Bis(aminomethyl)‐1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthols (Binolams) in Asymmetric Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200801069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Nájera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain, Fax: +34‐965903549
| | - José M. Sansano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain, Fax: +34‐965903549
| | - José M. Saá
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain, Fax: +34‐971173426
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Prabhakaran P, Puranik VG, Chandran JN, Rajamohanan PR, Hofmann HJ, Sanjayan GJ. Sterically controlled naphthalene homo-oligoamides with novel structural architectures. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:2458-65. [DOI: 10.1039/b822076j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Prabhakaran P, Puranik VG, Chandran JN, Rajamohanan PR, Hofmann HJ, Sanjayan GJ. Novel foldamer structural architecture from cofacial aromatic building blocks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3446-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b822113h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Saraogi I, Hamilton AD. Recent advances in the development of aryl-based foldamers. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 38:1726-43. [DOI: 10.1039/b819597h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Hu HY, Xiang JF, Chen CF. Conformationally constrained aromatic oligoamide foldamers with supersecondary structure motifs. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:2534-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b903178b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Zhao Y. Conformation of Oligocholate Foldamers with 4-Aminobutyroyl Spacers. J Org Chem 2008; 74:834-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jo802201b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
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Naidu VR, Kim MC, Suk JM, Kim HJ, Lee M, Sim E, Jeong KS. Biased Helical Folding of Chiral Oligoindole Foldamers. Org Lett 2008; 10:5373-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8022243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Min Cheol Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul-120-749 Korea
| | - Jae-min Suk
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul-120-749 Korea
| | - Ho-Joong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul-120-749 Korea
| | - Myongsoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul-120-749 Korea
| | - Eunji Sim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul-120-749 Korea
| | - Kyu-Sung Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul-120-749 Korea
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Li ZT, Hou JL, Li C. Peptide mimics by linear arylamides: a structural and functional diversity test. Acc Chem Res 2008; 41:1343-53. [PMID: 18361513 DOI: 10.1021/ar700219m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded oligoamide foldamers represent a large family of peptide mimics. Pioneered by Gellman and Seebach (Appella , J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 13071- 13072; Seebach , Helv. Chim. Acta 1996, 79, 913- 941), aliphatic amino acid-based mimic structures have been extensively studied. Results of these studies have found many useful applications in areas including chemical biology and drug design. This Account describes our efforts in creating arylamide-based foldamers whose compact conformations are stabilized by hydrogen bonding. The aim of our study was to test whether this class of mimic structures is sufficiently rigid to lead to new interesting functions. It was envisioned that, if our approach was workable, it might be developed into a new family of useful soft frameworks for studies toward molecular recognition, self-assembly, and materials science. Three classes of mimic structures, that is, folded or helical, zigzag, and straight oligomers, have been constructed by simply changing the positions of the substituents at the benzene rings in the backbones. Both amide and hydrazide units have been employed to construct the frameworks. In most cases, O...H-N hydrogen bonding was chosen to stabilize the compact conformations. Notably, for the first time the F...H-N hydrogen-bonding pattern has been used to tune the size of the cavity. To test their usefulness, these frameworks have been extensively modified and functionalized. (1)H NMR, UV-vis, fluorescence, circular dichroism, and X-ray diffraction techniques have all been employed to establish the compact structures and their interactions with guest molecules. The properties or functions of the mimic structures have been studied in seven aspects. (1) Acyclic molecular receptors: The amide foldamers can bind amine cations, while the hydrazide foldamers can complex saccharides. (2) Acceleration of anisole hydrolysis: Several folded oligomers are able to bind alkali metal cations and consequently promote the hydrolysis of the nitro-substituted anisole by alkali hydroxides. (3) Facilitation of macrocyclization: The straight and zigzag backbones can be readily functionalized, from which two classes of macrocycles have been prepared. (4) Homoduplex assembly: Zigzag oligomers that are appended with amide units at one side can form stable homoduplexes through the cooperative self-binding of the amide units. (5) Assembly of molecular tweezers: Discrete binding moieties are introduced at the ends of the oligomers, which can bind structurally matched guests. (6) Assembly of nano networks: F...H-N hydrogen-bonded foldamers can stack with fullerenes; thus a mixture of fullerenes with a trifoldamer generates honeycomb-styled nanoarchitectures. (7) Assembly of dynamic [2]catenanes: A preorganized porphyrin tweezer has been synthesized, from which dynamic three-component [2]catenanes have been assembled in high yields. Our results demonstrate that hydrogen-bonding-driven arylamide oligomers are a class of structurally unique mimic structures. The folded oligomers themselves can be used as synthetic receptors for binding different guest molecules, while incorporation of different segments into one system can produce many desired shapes. In addition, all of the rigid frameworks can be readily functionalized at specific sites. We believe that our results have helped to open the door for some new chemistry in molecular recognition, self-assembly, and other related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun-Li Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhong Z, Zhao Y. Controlling the Conformation of Oligocholate Foldamers by Surfactant Micelles. J Org Chem 2008; 73:5498-505. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800724j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriparna Chakrabarti
- a University of Maryland, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- a University of Maryland, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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Pre-organization-mediated macrocylization: efficient synthesis and structural investigations of BINOL-m-phenylenediamine-derived macrocycles. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Baruah PK, Sreedevi NK, Majumdar B, Pasricha R, Poddar P, Gonnade R, Ravindranathan S, Sanjayan GJ. Sheet-forming abiotic hetero foldamers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:712-4. [DOI: 10.1039/b713229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kendhale AM, Gonnade R, Rajamohanan PR, Hofmann HJ, Sanjayan GJ. Foldamers with unusual structural architecture from spirobi(indane) building blocks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:2541-3. [DOI: 10.1039/b800825f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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