1
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Seling N, Atobe M, Kasten K, Firth JD, Karadakov PB, Goldberg FW, O'Brien P. α-Functionalisation of Cyclic Sulfides Enabled by Lithiation Trapping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314423. [PMID: 37984884 PMCID: PMC10952194 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
A general and straightforward procedure for the lithiation trapping of cyclic sulfides such as tetrahydrothiophene, tetrahydrothiopyran and a thiomorpholine is described. Trapping with a wide range of electrophiles is demonstrated, leading to more than 50 diverse α-substituted saturated sulfur heterocycles. The methodology provides access to a range of α-substituted cyclic sulfides that are not easily synthesised by the currently available methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Seling
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Masakazu Atobe
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYorkYO10 5DDUK
- Modulus Discovery, Inc.Daiichi Hibiya Building 7th Floor1-18-21 Shimbashi Minato-kuTokyo105-0004Japan
| | - Kevin Kasten
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | | | | | - Peter O'Brien
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYorkYO10 5DDUK
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2
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Wang X, Xue J, Rong ZQ. Divergent Access to Chiral C2- and C3-Alkylated Pyrrolidines by Catalyst-Tuned Regio- and Enantioselective C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37307532 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Novel-substituted pyrrolidine derivatives are widely used in drugs and bioactive molecules. The efficient synthesis of these valuable skeletons, especially enantiopure derivatives, is still recognized as a key bottleneck to overcome in chemical synthesis. Herein, we report a highly efficient catalyst-tuned regio- and enantioselective hydroalkylation reaction for the divergent synthesis of chiral C2- and C3-alkylated pyrrolidines through desymmetrization of the readily available 3-pyrrolines. The catalytic system consists of CoBr2 with a modified bisoxazoline (BOX) ligand, which can achieve the asymmetric C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling via the distal stereocontrol, providing a series of C3-alkylated pyrrolidines in high efficiency. Moreover, the nickel catalytic system allows the enantioselective hydroalkylation to synthesize the C2-alkylated pyrrolidines through the tandem alkene isomerization/hydroalkylation reaction. This divergent method uses readily available catalysts, chiral BOX ligands, and reagents, delivering enantioenriched 2-/3-alkyl substituted pyrrolidines with excellent regio- and enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee). We also demonstrate the compatibility of this transformation with complex substrates derived from a series of drugs and bioactive molecules in good efficiency, which offers a distinct entry to more functionalized chiral N-heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Zi-Qiang Rong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
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3
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Jones SP, Firth JD, Wheldon MC, Atobe M, Hubbard RE, Blakemore DC, De Fusco C, Lucas SCC, Roughley SD, Vidler LR, Whatton MA, Woolford AJA, Wrigley GL, O'Brien P. Exploration of piperidine 3D fragment chemical space: synthesis and 3D shape analysis of fragments derived from 20 regio- and diastereoisomers of methyl substituted pipecolinates. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:1614-1620. [PMID: 36545433 PMCID: PMC9749955 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00239f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragment-based drug discovery is now widely adopted for lead generation in the pharmaceutical industry. However, fragment screening collections are often predominantly populated with flat, 2D molecules. Herein, we report the synthesis of piperidine-based 3D fragment building blocks - 20 regio- and diastereoisomers of methyl substituted pipecolinates using simple and general synthetic methods. cis-Piperidines, accessed through a pyridine hydrogenation were transformed into their trans-diastereoisomers using conformational control and unified reaction conditions. Additionally, diastereoselective lithiation/trapping was utilised to access trans-piperidines. Analysis of a virtual library of fragments derived from the 20 cis- and trans-disubstituted piperidines showed that it consisted of 3D molecules with suitable molecular properties to be used in fragment-based drug discovery programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Paul Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - James D. Firth
- Department of Chemistry, University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Mary C. Wheldon
- Department of Chemistry, University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Masakazu Atobe
- Department of Chemistry, University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK,Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation632-1 Mifuku, IzunokuniShizuoka 410-2321Japan
| | - Roderick E. Hubbard
- Department of Chemistry, University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK,Vernalis (R&D) Ltd.Granta Park, AbingtonCambridgeCB21 6GBUK
| | | | - Claudia De Fusco
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Synthetic Modalities13353BerlinGermany
| | - Simon C. C. Lucas
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZenecaCambridgeCB4 0WGUK
| | | | - Lewis R. Vidler
- Amphista TherapeuticsThe Cori Building, Granta Park, Great AbingtonCambridge CB21 6GQUK
| | - Maria Ann Whatton
- Evotec (UK) LtdDorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Campus, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, AbingdonOxonOX14 4RZUK
| | | | | | - Peter O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
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4
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Trammel GL, Kannangara PB, Vasko D, Datsenko O, Mykhailiuk P, Brown MK. Arylboration of Enecarbamates for the Synthesis of Borylated Saturated N-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212117. [PMID: 36250954 PMCID: PMC9643676 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two catalytic systems have been developed for the arylboration of endocyclic enecarbamates to deliver synthetically versatile borylated saturated N-heterocycles in good regio- and diastereoselectivities. A Cu/Pd dual catalytic reaction enables the synthesis of borylated, α-arylated azetidines, while a Ni-catalysed arylboration reaction efficiently functionalizes 5-, 6-, and 7-membered enecarbamates. In the case of the Cu/Pd-system, a remarkable additive effect was identified that allowed for broader scope. The products are synthetically useful, as demonstrated by manipulations of the boronic ester to access biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L. Trammel
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkwood Ave.BloomingtonIN, 47401USA
| | | | | | | | - Pavel Mykhailiuk
- Enamine Ltd.Chervonotkatska 6002094KyivUkraine,Taras Shevchenko National University of KyivChemistry DepartmentVolodymyrska 6401601KyivUkraine
| | - M. Kevin Brown
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkwood Ave.BloomingtonIN, 47401USA
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5
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Hou GQ, Zhao W, Deng C, Dong C, Wang C, Liu L, Li J. Acid-Promoted Redox-Annulation toward 1,2-Disubstituted-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[2,1-α]isoquinolines: Synthesis of the Lamellarin Core. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37050-37060. [PMID: 36312359 PMCID: PMC9608416 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of a variety of 1,2-disubstituted-5,6-dihydropyrrolo[2,1-α]isoquinoline derivatives via an acid-promoted cyclization reaction between 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) and substituted α,β-unsaturated aldehyde derivatives is reported. This cycloaddition allows access to structurally diverse multisubstituted dihydropyrrolo[2,1-α]isoquinolines in moderate to good yields, which was the core scaffold of marine natural alkaloid lamellarins.
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6
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Trammel GL, Kannangara PB, Vasko D, Datsenko O, Mykhailiuk P, Brown MK. Arylboration of Enecarbamates for the Synthesis of Borylated Saturated N‐Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace L. Trammel
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
| | | | - Dmytro Vasko
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 60 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
| | | | - Pavel Mykhailiuk
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska 60 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Chemistry Department Volodymyrska 64 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - M. Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Ave. Bloomington IN, 47401 USA
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7
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Li B, Luo B, Yang H, Tang W. Heck Reaction of
N
‐Heteroaryl Halides for the Concise Synthesis of Chiral α‐Heteroaryl‐substituted Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209087. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 China
| | - Bangke Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - He Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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8
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Akagawa H, Tsuchiya N, Morinaga A, Katayama Y, Sumimoto M, Nishikata T. Carboxamide-Directed Stereospecific Couplings of Chiral Tertiary Alkyl Halides with Terminal Alkynes. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Akagawa
- Graiduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Naoki Tsuchiya
- Graiduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Asuka Morinaga
- Graiduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Yu Katayama
- Graiduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Michinori Sumimoto
- Graiduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikata
- Graiduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
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9
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Li B, Luo B, Yang H, Tang W. Heck Reaction of N‐Heteroaryl Halides for the Concise Synthesis of Chiral α‐Heteroaryl‐substituted Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Shanghai Institute Of Organic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry CHINA
| | - Bangke Luo
- Shanghai Institute Of Organic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry CHINA
| | - He Yang
- Shanghai Institute Of Organic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry CHINA
| | - Wenjun Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry 345 Ling Ling Road 200032 Shanghai CHINA
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10
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Ye X, Zhang Y, Song X, Liu Q. Research Progress in the Pharmacological Effects and Synthesis of Nicotine. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Taibai North Road 229 Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi P.R. China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Taibai North Road 229 Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi P.R. China
- Glycobiology and Glycotechnology Research center College of Food Science and Technology Northwest University Taibai North Road 229 Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi P.R. China
- College of Life Sciences Northwest University Taibai North Road 229 Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Taibai North Road 229 Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi P.R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials College of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Taibai North Road 229 Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi P.R. China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Taibai North Road 229 Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi P.R. China
| | - Qingchao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Taibai North Road 229 Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi P.R. China
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11
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Mohan C, Krishna RB, Sivanandan ST, Ibnusaud I. Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,1‐
a
]isoquinoline Class of Natural Product Crispine A. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chithra Mohan
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
| | - R. Bharath Krishna
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
| | | | - Ibrahim Ibnusaud
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
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12
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Choi A, El‐Tunsi A, Wang Y, Meijer AJHM, Li J, Li X, Proietti Silvestri I, Coldham I. Asymmetric Synthesis of 2-Arylindolines and 2,2-Disubstituted Indolines by Kinetic Resolution. Chemistry 2021; 27:11670-11675. [PMID: 34110662 PMCID: PMC8456874 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic resolution of 2-arylindolines (2,3-dihydroindoles) was achieved by treatment of their N-tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) derivatives with n-butyllithium and sparteine in toluene at -78 °C followed by electrophilic quench. The unreacted starting materials together with the 2,2-disubstituted products could be isolated with high enantiomer ratios. Variable temperature NMR spectroscopy showed that the rate of Boc rotation was fast (ΔG≠ ≈57 kJ/mol at 195 K). This was corroborated by DFT studies and by in situ ReactIR spectroscopy. The enantioenriched N-Boc-2-arylindolines were converted to 2,2-disubstituted products without significant loss in enantiopurity. Hence, either enantiomer of the 2,2-disubstituted products could be obtained with high selectivity from the same enantiomer of the chiral ligand sparteine (one from the kinetic resolution and the other from subsequent lithiation-trapping of the recovered starting material). Secondary amine products were prepared by removing the Boc group with acid to provide a way to access highly enantioenriched 2-aryl and 2,2-disubstituted indolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Choi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Sheffield Brook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Ashraf El‐Tunsi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Sheffield Brook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Sheffield Brook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | | | - Jia Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710062PR China
| | - Xiabing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710062PR China
| | | | - Iain Coldham
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Sheffield Brook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK
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13
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Hu C. Reactor design and selection for effective continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals. J Flow Chem 2021; 11:243-263. [PMID: 34026279 PMCID: PMC8130218 DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical production remains one of the last industries that predominantly uses batch processes, which are inefficient and can cause drug shortages due to the long lead times or quality defects. Consequently, pharmaceutical companies are transitioning away from outdated batch lines, in large part motivated by the many advantages of continuous manufacturing (e.g., low cost, quality assurance, shortened lead time). As chemical reactions are fundamental to any drug production process, the selection of reactor and its design are critical to enhanced performance such as improved selectivity and yield. In this article, relevant theories, and models, as well as their required input data are summarized to assist the reader in these tasks, focusing on continuous reactions. Selected examples that describe the application of plug flow reactors (PFRs) and continuous-stirred tank reactors (CSTRs)-in-series within the pharmaceutical industry are provided. Process analytical technologies (PATs), which are important tools that provide real-time in-line continuous monitoring of reactions, are recommended to be considered during the reactor design process (e.g., port design for the PAT probe). Finally, other important points, such as density change caused by thermal expansion or solid precipitation, clogging/fouling, and scaling-up, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntian Hu
- CONTINUUS Pharmaceuticals, Woburn, MA 01801 USA
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14
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Mykura RC, Songara P, Luc E, Rogers J, Stammers E, Aggarwal VK. Studies on the Lithiation, Borylation, and 1,2‐Metalate Rearrangement of
O
‐Cycloalkyl 2,4,6‐Triisopropylbenzoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rory C. Mykura
- Department of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Pradip Songara
- Department of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Eugenia Luc
- Department of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Jack Rogers
- Department of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Ellie Stammers
- Department of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Varinder K. Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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15
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Mykura RC, Songara P, Luc E, Rogers J, Stammers E, Aggarwal VK. Studies on the Lithiation, Borylation, and 1,2-Metalate Rearrangement of O-Cycloalkyl 2,4,6-Triisopropylbenzoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11436-11441. [PMID: 33651488 PMCID: PMC8251992 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A broad range of acyclic primary and secondary 2,4,6‐triisopropylbenzoate (TIB) esters have been used in lithiation‐borylation reactions, but cyclic TIB esters have not. We have studied the use of cyclic TIB esters in lithiation‐borylation reactions and looked at the effect of ring size (3‐ → 6‐membered rings) on the three key steps of the lithiation‐borylation protocol: deprotonation, borylation and 1,2‐metalate rearrangement. Although all rings sizes could be deprotonated, the cyclohexyl case was impractically slow, and the cyclopentyl example underwent α‐elimination faster than deprotonation at −78 °C and so could not be used. Both cyclobutyl and cyclopropyl cases underwent rapid borylation, but only the cyclobutyl substrate underwent 1,2‐metalate rearrangement. Thus, the cyclobutyl TIB ester occupies a “Goldilocks zone,” being small enough for deprotonation and large enough to enable 1,2‐migration. The generality of the reaction was explored with a broad range of boronic esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory C Mykura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Pradip Songara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Eugenia Luc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jack Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Ellie Stammers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Varinder K Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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16
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17
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18
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Tereshchenko OD, Perebiynis MY, Knysh IV, Vasylets OV, Sorochenko AA, Slobodyanyuk EY, Rusanov EB, Borysov OV, Kolotilov SV, Ryabukhin SV, Volochnyuk DM. Electrochemical Scaled‐up Synthesis of Cyclic Enecarbamates as Starting Materials for Medicinal Chemistry Relevant Building Bocks. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eugeniy Y. Slobodyanyuk
- Enamine Ltd 78 Chervonotkatska str. Kyiv Ukraine
- Institute of Organic ChemistryNational Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 5 Murmanska str. Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Eduard B. Rusanov
- Institute of Organic ChemistryNational Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 5 Murmanska str. Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr V. Borysov
- Enamine Ltd 78 Chervonotkatska str. Kyiv Ukraine
- Institute of Organic ChemistryNational Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 5 Murmanska str. Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Sergey V. Kolotilov
- L. V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical ChemistryNational Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 31 Nauki ave. Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Sergey V. Ryabukhin
- Enamine Ltd 78 Chervonotkatska str. Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 60 Volodymyrska str. Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Dmitriy M. Volochnyuk
- Enamine Ltd 78 Chervonotkatska str. Kyiv Ukraine
- Institute of Organic ChemistryNational Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 5 Murmanska str. Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 60 Volodymyrska str. Kyiv Ukraine
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19
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Yoshinaga Y, Yamamoto T, Suginome M. Stereoinvertive C–C Bond Formation at the Boron‐Bound Stereogenic Centers through Copper‐Bipyridine‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Coupling of α‐Aminobenzylboronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Yoshinaga
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamoto
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Michinori Suginome
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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20
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Yoshinaga Y, Yamamoto T, Suginome M. Stereoinvertive C–C Bond Formation at the Boron‐Bound Stereogenic Centers through Copper‐Bipyridine‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Coupling of α‐Aminobenzylboronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7251-7255. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Yoshinaga
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamoto
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Michinori Suginome
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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21
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Qin Z, Yang R, Zhang W, Jiao Q. Mechanistic Insights into the Synthesis of Fully Condensed Polyhedral Octaphenylsilsesquioxane. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao‐Lu Qin
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Rong‐Jie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Wen‐Chao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Qing‐Jie Jiao
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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22
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Lin W, Zhang KF, Baudoin O. Regiodivergent enantioselective C-H functionalization of Boc-1,3-oxazinanes and application to the synthesis of β 2 and β 3-amino acids. Nat Catal 2019; 2:882-888. [PMID: 31620675 PMCID: PMC6795538 DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
β2- and β3-Amino acids are important
chiral building blocks for the design of new pharmaceuticals and
peptidomimetics. Here we report a straightforward regio- and enantiodivergent
access to these compounds using a one-pot reaction composed of
sparteine-mediated enantioselective lithiation of a Boc-1,3-oxazinane,
transmetallation to zinc and direct or migratory Negishi coupling with an
organic electrophile. The regioselectivity of the Negishi coupling was highly
ligand-controlled and switchable to obtain the C4- or the C5-functionalized
product exclusively. High enantioselectivities were achieved on a broad range of
examples, and a catalytic version in chiral diamine was developed using the
(+)-sparteine surrogate. Selected C4- and C5-functionalized Boc-1,3-oxazinanes
were subsequently converted to highly enantio-enriched β2- and
β3-amino acids with the (R) or
(S) configuration, depending on the sparteine enantiomer
employed in the lithiation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Lin
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ke-Feng Zhang
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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23
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Si X, Zhang L, Hashmi ASK. Benzaldehyde- and Nickel-Catalyzed Photoredox C(sp 3)-H Alkylation/Arylation with Amides and Thioethers. Org Lett 2019; 21:6329-6332. [PMID: 31373208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein a synergistic combination of a nickel catalyst and benzaldehyde for the utilization of amides and thioethers in C(sp3)-H alkylation and arylation reactions employing simple aryl or alkyl halides is reported. This method provides a simple and cheap strategy for the direct functionalization of amides and thioethers. Readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, a good functional-group tolerance, and a broad substrate scope make this methodology attractive and practical for pharmaceutical and synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Si
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Lumin Zhang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , King Abdulaziz University (KAU) , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
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24
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Talk RA, El-Tunsi A, Robertson CC, Coldham I. Regioselective Lithiation and Electrophilic Quenching of N
-Boc-3-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruaa A. Talk
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Ashraf El-Tunsi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Craig C. Robertson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Iain Coldham
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Brook Hill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
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25
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Del Castillo E, Muñiz K. Enantioselective Synthesis of Nicotine via an Iodine-Mediated Hofmann-Löffler Reaction. Org Lett 2019; 21:705-708. [PMID: 30672295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An iodine-mediated Hofmann-Löffler reaction has been developed that enables the first enantioselective synthesis of nicotine based on this synthetic methodology. The effect of the free pyridine core on the involved electrophilic iodine reagents was explored in detail. The final synthesis proceeds under moderate reaction conditions that tolerate the free pyridine core. The same synthetic sequence is also applicable to a number of derivatives with higher substituted pyridine cores, including bipyridine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Del Castillo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Kilian Muñiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain.,ICREA , Pg. Lluís Companys 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
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26
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Dong J, Xia Q, Lv X, Yan C, Song H, Liu Y, Wang Q. Photoredox-Mediated Direct Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Heteroarenes and Amines. Org Lett 2018; 20:5661-5665. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueli Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changcun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Vilé G, Richard-Bildstein S, Lhuillery A, Rueedi G. Electrophile, Substrate Functionality, and Catalyst Effects in the Synthesis of α-Mono and Di-Substituted Benzylamines via Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis in Flow. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianvito Vilé
- Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd Chemistry Technologies and Lead Discovery; Department of Drug Discovery Chemistry; Hegenheimermattweg 91 CH-4123 Allschwil Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Richard-Bildstein
- Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd Chemistry Technologies and Lead Discovery; Department of Drug Discovery Chemistry; Hegenheimermattweg 91 CH-4123 Allschwil Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Lhuillery
- Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd Chemistry Technologies and Lead Discovery; Department of Drug Discovery Chemistry; Hegenheimermattweg 91 CH-4123 Allschwil Switzerland
| | - Georg Rueedi
- Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd Chemistry Technologies and Lead Discovery; Department of Drug Discovery Chemistry; Hegenheimermattweg 91 CH-4123 Allschwil Switzerland
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28
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Groso EJ, Golonka AN, Harding RA, Alexander BW, Sodano TM, Schindler CS. 3-Aryl-2,5-Dihydropyrroles via Catalytic Carbonyl-Olefin Metathesis. ACS Catal 2018; 8:2006-2011. [PMID: 30276008 PMCID: PMC6162066 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the development of a synthetic strategy towards chiral 3-pyrrolines based on the design principle of iron(III)-catalyzed carbonyl-olefin metathesis. This approach takes advantage of commercially available amino acids as chiral pool reagents and FeCl3 as a Lewis acid catalyst. Our strategy is characterized by its operational simplicity, mild reaction conditions and functional group tolerance. Investigations show that an electron-deficient nitrogen protecting group overcomes limitations arising from competitive binding of the Lewis acid catalyst to unfavorable Lewis basic sites, which ultimately enables catalytic turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia J. Groso
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Alexander N. Golonka
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ryan A. Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brandon W. Alexander
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Taylor M. Sodano
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corinna S. Schindler
- Department of Chemistry, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, University of Michigan, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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29
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Yu X, Guo Z, Song H, Liu Y, Wang Q. Hydration and Intramolecular Cyclization of Homopropargyl Sulfonamide Derivatives Catalyzed by Silver Hexafluoroantimonate(V): Synthesis of Structurally Diverse 2,3-Dihydro-1H
-Pyrroles. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonglin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin; 300071 People's Republic of China
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30
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Hu C, Finkelstein JE, Wu W, Shvedova K, Testa CJ, Born SC, Takizawa B, O'Connor TF, Yang X, Ramanujam S, Mascia S. Development of an automated multi-stage continuous reactive crystallization system with in-line PATs for high viscosity process. REACT CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00078f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lower E-factor was obtained in an automated multi-stage continuous reactive-crystallization system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Wu
- CONTINUUS Pharmaceuticals
- Woburn
- USA
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31
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Ren D, Kuang G, Hu X, Li X. Synthesis of novel dispiro[indazole-5,3′-pyrrolidine-2′,3″-indole] derivatives via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylide. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3184/174751917x14981229444848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylide, generated in situ from isatin and sarcosine, to 5-arylmethylidene-1-phenyl-6,7-dihydro-1 H-indazol-4(5 H)-ones afforded novel 1′-methyl-4′-aryl-1-phenyl-6,7-dihydrodispiro[indazole-5,3′-pyrrolidine-2′,3″-indole]-2″,4(1 H,1″ H)-diones in moderate yields. The structures of all the products were characterised thoroughly by NMR, IR, HRMS, together with X-ray crystallographic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, P.R. China
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32
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Firth JD, O'Brien P, Ferris L. General Procedures for the Lithiation/Trapping of N-Boc Piperazines. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7023-7031. [PMID: 28574711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To provide α-substituted piperazines for early stage medicinal chemistry studies, a simple, general synthetic approach is required. Here, we report the development of two general and simple procedures for the racemic lithiation/trapping of N-Boc piperazines. Optimum lithiation times were determined using in situ IR spectroscopy, and the previous complicated and diverse literature procedures were simplified. Subsequent trapping with electrophiles delivered a wide range of α-functionalized N-Boc piperazines. The scope and limitations of the distal N-group were investigated. The selective α- and β- arylation of N-Boc piperazines via lithiation/Negishi coupling is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Firth
- Department of Chemistry, University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Peter O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Leigh Ferris
- AstraZeneca U.K. , Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2NA, U.K
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33
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Barlaam B, Cosulich S, Degorce S, Ellston R, Fitzek M, Green S, Hancox U, Lambert-van der Brempt C, Lohmann JJ, Maudet M, Morgentin R, Plé P, Ward L, Warin N. Discovery of a series of 8-(1-phenylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-6-carboxamide-2-morpholino-4H-chromen-4-one as PI3Kβ/δ inhibitors for the treatment of PTEN-deficient tumours. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1949-1954. [PMID: 28347666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Attempts to lock the active conformation of compound 4, a PI3Kβ/δ inhibitor (PI3Kβ cell IC50 0.015μM), led to the discovery of a series of 8-(1-phenylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-6-carboxamide-2-morpholino-4H-chromen-4-ones, which showed high levels of potency and selectivity as PI3Kβ/δ inhibitors. Compound 10 proved exquisitely potent and selective: PI3Kβ cell IC50 0.0011μM in PTEN null MDA-MB-468 cell and PI3Kδ cell IC50 0.014μM in Jeko-1 B-cell, and exhibited suitable physical properties for oral administration. In vivo, compound 10 showed profound pharmacodynamic modulation of AKT phosphorylation in a mouse PTEN-null PC3 prostate tumour xenograft after a single oral dose and gave excellent tumour growth inhibition in the same model after chronic oral dosing. Based on these results, compound 10 was selected as one of our PI3Kβ/δ preclinical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Barlaam
- IMED Oncology, AstraZeneca, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, 319 Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom.
| | - Sabina Cosulich
- IMED Oncology, AstraZeneca, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, 319 Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Degorce
- IMED Oncology, AstraZeneca, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, 319 Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Ellston
- IMED Oncology, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Fitzek
- IMED Oncology, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Green
- IMED Oncology, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Urs Hancox
- IMED Oncology, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jean-Jacques Lohmann
- AstraZeneca, Centre de Recherches, Z.I. La Pompelle, B.P. 1050, Chemin de Vrilly, 51689 Reims, Cedex 2, France
| | - Mickaël Maudet
- AstraZeneca, Centre de Recherches, Z.I. La Pompelle, B.P. 1050, Chemin de Vrilly, 51689 Reims, Cedex 2, France
| | - Rémy Morgentin
- AstraZeneca, Centre de Recherches, Z.I. La Pompelle, B.P. 1050, Chemin de Vrilly, 51689 Reims, Cedex 2, France
| | - Patrick Plé
- AstraZeneca, Centre de Recherches, Z.I. La Pompelle, B.P. 1050, Chemin de Vrilly, 51689 Reims, Cedex 2, France
| | - Lara Ward
- IMED Oncology, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Warin
- AstraZeneca, Centre de Recherches, Z.I. La Pompelle, B.P. 1050, Chemin de Vrilly, 51689 Reims, Cedex 2, France
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34
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Royal T, Baumgartner Y, Baudoin O. Enantioselective α-Arylation of O-Carbamates via Sparteine-Mediated Lithiation and Negishi Cross-Coupling. Org Lett 2017; 19:166-169. [PMID: 27995794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general and highly enantioselective arylation of carbamates derived from primary alcohols was developed by combining Hoppe's sparteine-mediated asymmetric lithiation with Negishi cross-coupling. Coupled with Aggarwal's lithiation-borylation sequence, the current method provides a short and divergent access to a variety of enantioenriched secondary and tertiary benzylic alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titouan Royal
- University of Basel , Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yann Baumgartner
- University of Basel , Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- University of Basel , Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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35
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Robinson SW, Beer PD. Halogen bonding rotaxanes for nitrate recognition in aqueous media. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:153-159. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02339h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Incorporating halogen bonding into an interlocked [2]rotaxane anion host system results in unprecedented nitrate recognition in 90% water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean W. Robinson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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36
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Ahneman DT, Doyle AG. C-H functionalization of amines with aryl halides by nickel-photoredox catalysis. Chem Sci 2016; 7:7002-7006. [PMID: 28058105 PMCID: PMC5207500 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02815b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the functionalization of α-amino C-H bonds with aryl halides using a combination of nickel and photoredox catalysis. This direct C-H, C-X coupling uses inexpensive and readily available starting materials to generate benzylic amines, an important class of bioactive molecules. Mechanistically, this method features the direct arylation of α-amino radicals mediated by a nickel catalyst. This reactivity is demonstrated for a range of aryl halides and N-aryl amines, with orthogonal scope to existing C-H activation and photoredox methodologies. We also report reactions with several complex aryl halides, demonstrating the potential utility of this approach in late-stage functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek T. Ahneman
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , NJ 08544 , USA .
| | - Abigail G. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , NJ 08544 , USA .
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37
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Chrzanowska M, Grajewska A, Rozwadowska MD. Asymmetric Synthesis of Isoquinoline Alkaloids: 2004-2015. Chem Rev 2016; 116:12369-12465. [PMID: 27680197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, the asymmetric synthesis of chiral nonracemic isoquinoline alkaloids, a family of natural products showing a wide range of structural diversity and biological and pharmaceutical activity, has been based either on continuation or improvement of known traditional methods or on new, recently developed, strategies. Both diastereoselective and enantioselective catalytic methods have been applied. This review describes the stereochemically modified traditional syntheses (the Pictet-Spengler, the Bischler-Napieralski, and the Pomeranz-Fritsch-Bobbitt) along with strategies based on closing of the nitrogen-containing ring B of the isoquinoline core by the formation of bonds between C1-N2, N2-C3, C1-N2/N2-C3, and C1-N2/C4-C4a atoms. Methods involving introduction of substituents at the C1 carbon of isoquinoline core along with syntheses applying various biocatalytic techniques have also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chrzanowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University , Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Grajewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University , Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria D Rozwadowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University , Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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38
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Rajkumar V, Babu SA, Padmavathi R. Regio- and diastereoselective construction of a new set of functionalized pyrrolidine, spiropyrrolidine and spiropyrrolizidine scaffolds appended with aryl- and heteroaryl moieties via the azomethine ylide cycloadditions. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Classical-Reaction-Driven Stereo- and Regioselective C(sp3)-H Functionalization of Aliphatic Amines. CHEM REC 2016; 16:1477-88. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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40
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Mailyan AK, Eickhoff JA, Minakova AS, Gu Z, Lu P, Zakarian A. Cutting-Edge and Time-Honored Strategies for Stereoselective Construction of C–N Bonds in Total Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4441-557. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur K. Mailyan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - John A. Eickhoff
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Anastasiia S. Minakova
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Armen Zakarian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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41
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Haas D, Hammann JM, Greiner R, Knochel P. Recent Developments in Negishi Cross-Coupling Reactions. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Haas
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jeffrey M. Hammann
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Greiner
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
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42
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Beng TK, Langevin S, Braunstein H, Khim M. Regiocontrolled synthesis of (hetero)aryl and alkenyl dehydropyrrolidines, dehydropiperidines and azepenes by Ru-catalyzed, heteroatom-directed α-C–H activation/cross-coupling of cyclic enamides with boronic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:830-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02263k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of α-aryl and alkenyl pyrrolidine-, piperidine-, and azepane derivatives by ruthenium-catalyzed, carbonyl-assisted, site-selective sp2 C–H activation of cyclic enamides and concomitant cross-coupling with boronic acids is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy K. Beng
- Department of Chemistry
- Central Washington University
- Ellensburg
- USA
| | - Spencer Langevin
- Department of Chemistry
- Central Washington University
- Ellensburg
- USA
| | | | - Monique Khim
- Department of Chemistry
- Central Washington University
- Ellensburg
- USA
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43
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Talk RA, Duperray A, Li X, Coldham I. Synthesis of substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines by lithiation then electrophilic quench. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4908-17. [PMID: 27169500 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00577b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithiation then electrophilic quench of tetrahydroisoquinolines provides access to 1-substituted products. Removal of the N-Boc group allows rapid access to natural products such as (±)-crispine A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruaa A. Talk
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | | | - Xiabing Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Iain Coldham
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
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44
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Firth JD, O’Brien P, Ferris L. Synthesis of Enantiopure Piperazines via Asymmetric Lithiation–Trapping of N-Boc Piperazines: Unexpected Role of the Electrophile and Distal N-Substituent. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 138:651-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James D. Firth
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Peter O’Brien
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Leigh Ferris
- AstraZeneca U.K., Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2NA, U.K
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45
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Panda S, Coffin A, Nguyen QN, Tantillo DJ, Ready JM. Synthesis and Utility of Dihydropyridine Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:2205-9. [PMID: 26694785 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
When activated by an acylating agent, pyridine boronic esters react with organometallic reagents to form a dihydropyridine boronic ester. This intermediate allows access to a number of valuable substituted pyridine, dihydropyridine, and piperidine products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Panda
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Chemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-0938, USA
| | - Aaron Coffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Chemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-0938, USA
| | - Q Nhu Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Joseph M Ready
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Chemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-0938, USA.
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46
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Panda S, Coffin A, Nguyen QN, Tantillo DJ, Ready JM. Synthesis and Utility of Dihydropyridine Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Panda
- Department of Biochemistry Division of Chemistry UT Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas TX 75390-0938 USA
| | - Aaron Coffin
- Department of Biochemistry Division of Chemistry UT Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas TX 75390-0938 USA
| | - Q. Nhu Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry UC Davis One Shields Ave Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Dean J. Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry UC Davis One Shields Ave Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Joseph M. Ready
- Department of Biochemistry Division of Chemistry UT Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas TX 75390-0938 USA
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47
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Spangler JE, Kobayashi Y, Verma P, Wang DH, Yu JQ. α-Arylation of Saturated Azacycles and N-Methylamines via Palladium(II)-Catalyzed C(sp(3))-H Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11876-9. [PMID: 26322957 PMCID: PMC4822695 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pd(II)-catalyzed α-C(sp(3))-H arylation of pyrrolidines, piperidines, azepanes, and N-methylamines with arylboronic acids has been developed for the first time. This transformation is applicable to wide arrays of pyrrolidines and boronic acids, including heteroaromatic boronic acids. A diastereoselective one-pot heterodiarylation of pyrrolidines has also been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian E. Spangler
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Yoshihisa Kobayashi
- Medicinal Chemistry, Eisai Product Creation Systems, Eisai Co., Ltd, 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Pritha Verma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Dong-Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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48
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Haldar S, Roy SK, Maity B, Koley D, Jana CK. Regio- and Diastereoselective and Enantiospecific Metal-Free C(sp3)H Arylation: Facile Access to Optically Active 5-Aryl 2,5-Disubstituted Pyrrolidines. Chemistry 2015; 21:15290-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Bera S, Mondal D, Chatterjee B. An Expedient Strategy towards an Advanced Pyrrolidine Intermediate for the Synthesis of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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50
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Cherney AH, Kadunce NT, Reisman SE. Enantioselective and Enantiospecific Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organometallic Reagents To Construct C-C Bonds. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9587-652. [PMID: 26268813 PMCID: PMC4566132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 615] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan H Cherney
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Nathaniel T Kadunce
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sarah E Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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