1
|
Saura-Sanmartin A, Pastor A, Martinez-Cuezva A, Cutillas-Font G, Alajarin M, Berna J. Mechanically interlocked molecules in metal-organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4949-4976. [PMID: 35612363 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have great potential in the development of molecular machinery due to their intercomponent dynamics. The incorporation of these molecules in a condensed phase makes it possible to take advantage of the control of the motion of the components at the macroscopic level. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are postulated as ideal supports for intertwined molecules. This review covers the chemistry of the mechanical bond incorporated into metal-organic frameworks from the seminal studies to the latest published advances. We first describe some fundamental concepts of MIMs and MOFs. Next, we summarize the advances in the incorporation of rotaxanes and catenanes inside MOF matrices. Finally, we conclude by showing the study of the rotaxane dynamics in MOFs and the operation of some stimuli-responsive MIMs within MOFs. In addition to emphasising some selected examples, we offer a critical opinion on the state of the art of this research field, remarking the key points on which the future of these systems should be focused.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Aurelia Pastor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Cutillas-Font
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ehnbom A, Gladysz JA. Gyroscopes and the Chemical Literature, 2002–2020: Approaches to a Nascent Family of Molecular Devices. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3701-3750. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ehnbom
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Thulstrup PW, Jones NC, Hoffmann SV, Spanget-Larsen J. UV polarisation spectroscopy of 1,4-diethynylbenzene. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1853841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter W. Thulstrup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Nykola C. Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Søren V. Hoffmann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jens Spanget-Larsen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chiu C, Yang J. Photoluminescent and Photoresponsive Iptycene‐Incorporated π‐Conjugated Systems: Fundamentals and Applications. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Wei Chiu
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan University No 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Jye‐Shane Yang
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan University No 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Z, Liu K, Chang X, Qi Y, Shang C, Liu T, Liu J, Ding L, Fang Y. Highly Sensitive and Discriminative Detection of BTEX in the Vapor Phase: A Film-Based Fluorescent Approach. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:35647-35655. [PMID: 30229655 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene) represents a group of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and constitutes a great threat to human health. However, sensitive, selective, and speedy detection of them on-site and in the vapor phase remains a challenge for years. Herein, we report a film-based fluorescent approach and a conceptual sensor, which shows unprecedented sensitivity, speed, and reversibility to the aromatic hydrocarbons in the vapor phase. In the studies, pentiptycene was employed to produce a nonplanar perylene bisimide (PBI) derivative, P-PBI. The compound was further utilized to fabricate the film. The novelty of the design is the combination of capillary condensation and solvent effect, which is expected to enrich the analytes from vapor phase and shows outputs at the same time. Importantly, the film permits instant response (∼3 s) and real-time identification (<1 min) of benzene and toluene from other aromatic hydrocarbons. The experimental detection limits (DLs) of the six analytes are lower than 9.2, 2.7, 1.9, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.4 ppm, which with the exception of benzene, are significantly lower than the NIOSH recommended long-term exposure limits. More importantly, the film is photochemically stable, and more than 300 repetitive tests showed no observable bleaching. In addition, the sensing is fully reversible. The superior performance of the film device is in support of the assumption that the combination of capillary condensation and solvation effect would constitute an effective way to design high-performance fluorescent films, especially for challenging chemical inert and photoelectronically inactive VOCs.
Collapse
|
6
|
García-González MC, Aguilar-Granda A, Zamudio-Medina A, Miranda LD, Rodríguez-Molina B. Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Emissive Molecular Rotors with Four-Component Ugi Stators. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2570-2581. [PMID: 29457731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of the multicomponent Ugi reaction to rapidly prepare a library of dumbbell-like molecular rotors is highlighted here. The synthetic strategy consisted of the atom-economic access to 15 bulky and structurally diverse iodinated stators, which were cross-coupled to the 1,4-diethynylphenylene rotator. From those experiments, up to six rotors 1a-c and 1l-n were obtained, with yields ranging from 35 to 69% per coupled C-C bond. In addition to the framework diversity, five of these compounds showed aggregate-enhanced emission properties thanks to their conjugated 1,4-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene cores, a property that rises by increasing the water fraction (fw) in their THF solutions. The results highlight the significance of the diversity-oriented synthesis of rapid access to new molecular fluorescent rotors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ma Carmen García-González
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria , Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Andrés Aguilar-Granda
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria , Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Angel Zamudio-Medina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Av. Acueducto s/n Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Ciudad de México 07340, Mexico
| | - Luis D Miranda
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria , Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Braulio Rodríguez-Molina
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria , Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Erbas-Cakmak
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Charlie T. McTernan
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alina
L. Nussbaumer
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Beckmann PA, Mallory CW, Mallory FB, Rheingold AL, Wang X. Methoxy and Methyl Group Rotation: Solid-State NMR1H Spin-Lattice Relaxation, Electronic Structure Calculations, X-ray Diffractometry, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:1509-19. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
9
|
Jiménez-García C, Arcos-Ramos R, Méndez-Stivalet JM, Santillan R, Farfán N. Synthesis and characterization of dissymmetric molecular rotors based on 1,4-diethynylphenylene rotators and steroidal/trityl type stators. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Zhang QC, Wu FT, Hao HM, Xu H, Zhao HX, Long LS, Huang RB, Zheng LS. Modulating the Rotation of a Molecular Rotor through Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions between the Rotator and Stator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
11
|
Zhang QC, Wu FT, Hao HM, Xu H, Zhao HX, Long LS, Huang RB, Zheng LS. Modulating the rotation of a molecular rotor through hydrogen-bonding interactions between the rotator and stator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12602-5. [PMID: 24115689 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Chong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and the Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Thanasekaran P, Huang CY, Lu KL. Synthesis, Structure, and Dynamic Behavior of Discrete Metallacyclic Rotors. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
13
|
García-Iriepa C, Marazzi M, Zapata F, Valentini A, Sampedro D, Frutos LM. Chiral Hydrogen Bond Environment Providing Unidirectional Rotation in Photoactive Molecular Motors. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:1389-96. [PMID: 26282290 DOI: 10.1021/jz302152v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Generation of a chiral hydrogen bond environment in efficient molecular photoswitches is proposed as a novel strategy for the design of photoactive molecular motors. Here, the following strategy is used to design a retinal-based motor presenting singular properties: (i) a single excitation wavelength is needed to complete the unidirectional rotation process (360°); (ii) the absence of any thermal step permits the process to take place at low temperatures; and (iii) the ultrafast process permits high rotational frequencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García-Iriepa
- †Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- ‡Departamento de Quı́mica, Centro de Investigación en Sı́ntesis Química (CISQ), Madre de Dios 51, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Marco Marazzi
- †Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Zapata
- †Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessio Valentini
- †Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Sampedro
- ‡Departamento de Quı́mica, Centro de Investigación en Sı́ntesis Química (CISQ), Madre de Dios 51, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Luis Manuel Frutos
- †Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|